E-Journal UMSIDA (Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo)
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Cultivating Academic Integrity through Islamic Ethical Foundations in Scholarship
No full text(General Background) Academic writing reflects not only intellectual capacity but also ethical responsibility and moral integrity in knowledge production. (Specific Background) Within Islamic education, ethics such as honesty, transparency, and accountability are regarded as fundamental principles that ensure the sanctity of knowledge. However, in today’s digital era, academic ethics face new challenges due to technological developments, including artificial intelligence, which complicate the identification and prevention of academic misconduct. (Knowledge Gap) Existing approaches often limit the understanding of academic integrity to plagiarism detection, neglecting broader ethical dimensions such as methodological transparency and researchers’ social accountability. (Aims) This study aims to explore the ethical foundations of academic writing in Islamic education and to propose a holistic approach that integrates moral, spiritual, and institutional dimensions of integrity. (Results) Using a descriptive qualitative method through library research, findings reveal that ethical education—embedded within the curriculum, training, and mentoring—is crucial for fostering authentic academic integrity beyond mere rule compliance. (Novelty) The study presents an Islamic ethical perspective as a normative and philosophical framework for shaping scholars of integrity in the digital era. (Implications) Strengthening ethical literacy from early education can cultivate a scholarly culture that upholds honesty, transparency, and accountability, ensuring credible and socially beneficial scientific advancement.
Highlights:
Academic integrity extends beyond plagiarism to encompass honesty and social responsibility.
Islamic ethics provide a strong moral foundation for scholarly conduct.
Ethical literacy and education are vital to sustain integrity in the digital age.
Keywords: Academic Ethics, Islamic Education, Integrity, Plagiarism, Digital Er
Corporate Environmental Responsibility and Female Directors as Drivers of Firm Profitability
No full textGeneral background: The growing global concern for gender equality and environmental sustainability has encouraged companies to integrate inclusivity and ecological responsibility into their governance systems. Specific background: In Indonesia, the roles of female directors and corporate environmental responsibility engagement (CERE) are increasingly recognized as essential to strengthening corporate performance, yet their simultaneous influence remains insufficiently studied. Knowledge gap: Previous research has produced inconsistent results on how managerial ownership, gender diversity, and environmental engagement affect profitability, particularly in manufacturing firms. Aims: This study investigates the effects of CERE, managerial ownership structure, and the presence of female directors on firm performance among manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2021–2023. Results: Using a quantitative method with Warp PLS and 243 firm-year observations, the findings indicate that both CERE and the presence of female directors significantly improve profitability, whereas managerial ownership structure shows no significant effect. Novelty: The study offers new insight by demonstrating that environmental responsibility and gender diversity jointly enhance performance regardless of ownership concentration. Implications: The results highlight the strategic importance of empowering women in leadership and implementing sustainable environmental practices to improve corporate outcomes in emerging markets.
Highlights:
Female directors and CERE significantly enhance firm profitability.
Managerial ownership structure shows no significant effect on performance.
Integrating gender diversity and environmental responsibility strengthens sustainable corporate growth.
Keywords: Environmental Responsibility, Female Directors, Ownership, Profitability, Sustainabilit
Functional Position Equalization and Performance Improvement in Samarinda Government: Penyesuaian Posisi Fungsional dan Peningkatan Kinerja di Pemerintah Kota Samarinda
No full textGeneral Background: Bureaucratic reform in Indonesia emphasizes simplifying organizational structures and improving the professionalism of civil servants through the Functional Position Equalization Policy. Specific Background: This policy converts structural positions at echelons III and IV into competency-based functional roles, requiring employees accustomed to hierarchical systems to adapt to performance-based frameworks, influencing motivation and job satisfaction. Knowledge Gap: Despite the implementation of this policy, the Samarinda City Government’s SAKIP rating has remained stagnant at grade B from 2022 to 2023, indicating limited improvement in organizational performance. Aims: This study investigates how the functional position equalization policy affects organizational performance, with work motivation and job satisfaction as mediating variables. Results: Using a quantitative cross-sectional design with data from 118 respondents analyzed via SEM–WarpPLS, findings reveal that the policy significantly enhances performance, with work motivation acting as a full mediator and job satisfaction as a partial mediator. Novelty: The study integrates Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory to explain how policy-induced structural changes influence psychological factors in public organizations. Implications: Effective implementation of this policy depends on fostering intrinsic motivation and employee satisfaction to optimize public-sector performance transformation.
Highlights:
Policy reform enhances bureaucracy by shifting from structural to functional roles.
Work motivation fully mediates the effect of policy on performance.
Herzberg’s theory explains how motivation and satisfaction drive public-sector success.
Keywords: Functional Position Equalization, Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Performance, Herzberg’s Theor
Assessment of Coping Strategies of Elderly regarding Retirement
No full textBackground: Population ageing represents one of the most significant demographic shifts of the 21st century, with older adults facing profound social and psychological transitions following retirement. Specific Background: Retirement marks a critical life phase characterized by shifts in income, identity, and social roles, requiring adaptive coping mechanisms to maintain well-being. Knowledge Gap: While global research has explored retirement adjustment, limited studies in Iraq have examined how elderly populations cope with this transition and their awareness of retirement-related issues. Aims: This study aimed to assess coping strategies among retired older adults and evaluate their knowledge regarding retirement. Results: Using a descriptive design and a purposive sample of 100 retired individuals, the findings revealed that 70% lacked awareness of the legal retirement age, and 55.5% actively employed coping strategies, predominantly passive mechanisms such as avoidance or dependence reduction. Novelty: The study offers one of the first localized insights into Iraqi retirees’ psychological and behavioral adjustments to retirement, emphasizing the socio-cultural influences on coping behavior. Implications: The findings underscore the need for public education, psychosocial support programs, and policy initiatives that promote proactive coping and retirement preparedness among older adults to enhance post-retirement quality of life.Highlight :
About 70% of seniors are unaware of the legal retirement age.
Around 55.5% of elderly retirees use coping strategies for adjustment.
Raising awareness through education and media can improve retirement coping.
Keywords : Ageing Population, Older Adults, Retirement, Life Transition, Demographic Change
Modern Methods of Crisis Management in Commercial Banks
No full textGeneral Background: The stability of commercial banks is a cornerstone of national economic sustainability, as these institutions serve as key intermediaries in financial resource allocation. Specific Background: However, frequent exposure to global financial shocks, digital transformation challenges, and credit risk volatility demands the adoption of modern crisis management frameworks. Knowledge Gap: Despite global progress, developing economies like Uzbekistan still face constraints in integrating advanced risk management tools, digital technologies, and governance reforms effectively. Aims: This study aims to analyze and evaluate contemporary methods of crisis management in commercial banks, focusing on their applicability and efficiency within emerging markets. Results: The findings reveal that the integration of risk management systems, stress testing, digital transformation, asset diversification, improved corporate governance, and international cooperation significantly enhances financial stability and resilience. Novelty: The research provides an in-depth assessment of how innovative, technology-driven crisis management approaches can be adapted to national banking systems undergoing reform. Implications: The study concludes that strengthening regulatory frameworks, human capital, and digital infrastructure will enable commercial banks in developing economies to better anticipate crises, maintain stability, and foster sustainable growth.Highlight :
Emphasizes the role of modern crisis management methods in maintaining financial stability.
Highlights the use of digital technologies and early warning systems in mitigating crises.
Focuses on international practices and their adaptation to developing countries’ banking sectors.
Keywords : Crisis Management, Commercial Banks, Financial Stability, Risk Management, Stress Testin
Fungal Infections and Their Impact on Cytokine Dysregulation: Biomarkers of Inflammation in Histoplasma capsulatum Infections
No full textGeneral Background: Fungal infections remain a global health concern, particularly in immunocompromised individuals, due to their high morbidity and mortality rates. Specific Background: Among these, Histoplasma capsulatum causes histoplasmosis, a systemic mycosis marked by immune dysregulation and oxidative stress, yet the precise mechanisms linking cytokine imbalance and disease severity remain insufficiently understood. Knowledge Gap: Limited data exist on the concurrent assessment of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress biomarkers in histoplasmosis, especially in non-endemic regions. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate cytokine and oxidative stress profiles in patients with H. capsulatum infection and determine their association with disease severity. Results: Compared to controls, patients exhibited elevated TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-10, TGF-β, CRP, and MDA levels, alongside reduced total antioxidant capacity (TAC), with biomarker levels increasing proportionally with disease severity (P < 0.001). Novelty: This is the first study to integrate immunological and oxidative biomarkers in H. capsulatum infection, revealing their interdependent role in pathogenesis. Implications: Findings highlight that simultaneous cytokine and oxidative stress dysregulation underpins disease progression, suggesting that biomarker monitoring could improve prognostic evaluation and guide targeted immunomodulatory therapies.Highlight :
The study evaluates cytokine and oxidative stress biomarkers in histoplasmosis patients.
Results show increased inflammatory markers correlated with disease severity.
Biomarker monitoring may guide prognosis and improve therapeutic strategies.
Keywords : Histoplasma capsulatum, cytokines, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1
Goal Programming Model in Financial Planning of the International Development Bank
No full textGeneral Background: Financial institutions often face complex decision-making challenges due to the need to balance multiple, conflicting objectives such as profitability, cost control, and liquidity management. Specific Background: Traditional financial planning models struggle to accommodate these competing goals, especially in developing economies with resource constraints. Knowledge Gap: Existing studies have applied goal programming (GP) in limited industrial contexts, but its comprehensive use in the financial sector of emerging markets, such as Iraq, remains underexplored. Aims: This study aims to apply a goal programming model to optimize the financial planning of the International Development Bank for Investment and Finance (IDB) during 2016–2024, integrating multiple financial objectives under prioritized constraints. Results: The model, solved using WINQSB, achieved near-optimal solutions with minimal deviations between actual and target values across revenues, expenses, net profit, and fixed assets, confirming its effectiveness in managing competing goals. Novelty: This research introduces a weighted-preemptive hybrid goal programming framework that quantitatively aligns strategic financial objectives within constrained environments. Implications: The findings demonstrate the model’s potential as a practical decision-support tool for banks, enabling sustainable financial performance and efficient resource allocation in complex, multidimensional financial systems.Highlight :
Shows how Goal Programming optimizes conflicting financial goals effectively.
Demonstrates balanced achievement of revenue, cost, and profit targets in banking.
Suggests the model’s practical use for sustainable financial decision-making.
Keywords : Goal Programming, Weighted Method, Preemptive Method, Negative Deviation, Positive Deviatio
The Specificity of Treatment of Oral Mucosal Lesions
No full textGeneral Background: Oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) are diverse pathological conditions affecting the oral cavity, ranging from benign inflammatory disorders to potentially malignant lesions. Their high prevalence and complex etiology make diagnosis and management challenging in clinical settings. Specific Background: Previous studies have shown significant diagnostic delays and inconsistent management approaches, often due to limited interdisciplinary collaboration and inadequate awareness among non-specialist practitioners. Knowledge Gap: Despite the clinical importance of OMLs, there remains a lack of comprehensive synthesis addressing the specificity of treatment—how therapeutic strategies should be adapted to lesion type, etiology, and patient characteristics. Aims: This study aims to systematically review and synthesize evidence on lesion-specific treatment strategies for OMLs from 2018–2024 to identify trends in therapeutic efficacy and patient outcomes.Results: Findings reveal that etiology-based treatments—such as corticosteroids and immunomodulators for autoimmune lesions, antifungal agents for infections, and lifestyle modifications for non-inflammatory lesions—achieve higher efficacy, fewer recurrences, and improved quality of life. Novelty: The study highlights the necessity of integrating personalized, etiology-specific, and interdisciplinary approaches within oral medicine practice. Implications: The results emphasize developing standardized clinical guidelines, incorporating oral medicine into general medical education, and advancing toward precision-based, patient-centered oral healthcare.Highlight :
The study focuses on the specificity of treatment according to lesion type and underlying cause.
It highlights the importance of personalized and interdisciplinary approaches in oral healthcare.
The research supports precision-based and patient-centered management to improve outcomes.
Keywords : oral mucosal lesions, special treatment, oral medicine, personalized treatment, interdisciplinary car
Serum IL-21 and IFN-γ Levels in Celiac Disease and Their Association with Biochemical Indicators
No full textBackground : Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder that is mainly specific to the small intestine and is caused by an abnormal T-cell-mediated immune response to dietary gluten which involves mucosal inflammation and villous atrophy. Activation of the systemic immunology has the potential of causing extra-intestinal symptoms. Objective: The levels of serum IL-21 and IFN-g of the celiac disease patients were determined in this study and the levels were compared to the level of biochemical parameters like hemoglobin, ferritin, calcium, and vitamin D3. Methods: A total of 70 clinically proven celiac patients (9-74 years old) were recruited in Wasit hospitals at a time period of March 2024 to April 2025. Venous blood samples were collected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent test (ELISA), centrifuged and analyzed with regard to the levels of IL-21 and IFN-g. Measurement of biochemical parameters was done using automated analyzers in accordance to the conventional protocols. Results: Celiac patients had much higher serum concentrations of IFN-g and IL-21 in comparison to healthy controls (p < 0.001). All the levels of vitamin D3, calcium, iron, ferritin, and hemoglobin were lowered significantly (p < 0.05). These biological markers were found to have negative relationships with cytokines. Conclusion: In celiac disease, immune activation is manifested by increased levels of IL-21 and IFN-g, which can be one of the causes of intestinal damage and nutrient loss. Also, findings indicate immunopathological and not diagnostic relations between biochemical deficits and cytokine imbalance.Highlight :
Stress strongly predicts insomnia in celiac patients.
Persistent symptoms also contribute to insomnia.
Diet quality is not related to insomnia.
Keywords : Celiac Disease , Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase, cytokines, IL-21, IFN-γ
A Legal Analysis of the Extension of the Mandatory Retirement Age for Notaries Following Constitutional Court Decision No. 84/PUU-XXII/2024: Analisis Hukum Perpanjangan Usia Pensiun Wajib bagi Notaris Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 84/PUU-XXII/2024
No full textGeneral Background: The regulation of notaries’ retirement age in Indonesia has long been debated for its incompatibility with contemporary professional dynamics and increased life expectancy. Specific Background: Constitutional Court Decision No. 84/PUU-XXII/2024 redefines eligibility for notarial tenure by shifting emphasis from age-based to competency-based assessment. Knowledge Gap: However, the legal implications of this paradigm shift and its impact on professional governance remain insufficiently examined. Aims: This study analyzes the relevance and juridical consequences of the Court’s decision for reformulating Indonesia’s maximum notarial retirement age. Results: Using a normative juridical approach, the findings show that the decision provides a constitutional foundation for extending tenure based on competence, health, and integrity while urging clearer and more objective implementing regulations to reduce legal uncertainty and administrative discrimination. Novelty: The study demonstrates that extending retirement age up to 70 years can strengthen service continuity and the quality of authentic deeds when supported by periodic professional evaluations. Implications: These insights position the Court’s decision as critical momentum for modernizing Indonesia’s notarial system toward more adaptive, equitable, and quality-oriented professional governance.
Highlights:
The Constitutional Court shifts retirement eligibility from age-based rules to competence-based assessment.
Extending the notary retirement age to 70 enhances service continuity and maintains deed quality.
Clear, objective implementing regulations are essential to prevent legal uncertainty and discrimination.
Keywords: Notary, Retirement Age, Constitutional Court, Professional Competence, Legal Certaint