E-Journal UMSIDA (Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo)
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Agrochemical and Microbiological Characteristics of Soils in Termez and Muzrabod Districts
No full textGeneral Background Soils in arid regions often experience declining fertility due to low organic matter, salinization, and intensive irrigation, which challenge sustainable agricultural productivity. Specific Background In the Surkhandarya Region of Uzbekistan, rice-growing areas of Termez and Muzrabod exhibit severely depleted humus levels, moderate salinity, and weak structural stability. Knowledge Gap Despite evidence that microalgae and cyanobacteria can improve soil fertility in arid environments, their potential for biorecultivation under the specific climatic and edaphic conditions of southern Surkhandarya remains insufficiently documented. Aims This study assessed key agrochemical properties and microbiological communities while evaluating the nitrogen-fixing activity and soil-ameliorating potential of native phototrophic microorganisms. Results Findings revealed low humus (1.0–1.5%), moderate salinity (EC 2.58–8.55 mS/cm), and active populations of Nostoc, Anabaena, Oscillatoria, Klebsormidium, and Chlorella with nitrogen fixation rates of 3.2–3.7 mg N g⁻¹ day⁻¹. Klebsormidium inoculation increased organic matter by 20–25%, improved aggregate stability, reduced bulk density, and enhanced water-holding capacity by 12–15%. Novelty This work provides integrated chemical–biological evidence demonstrating the efficacy of locally adapted microalgae for soil restoration in BWk desert climates. Implications The results support microalgae-based biorecultivation as a viable strategy for rehabilitating degraded arid soils and strengthening sustainable land management in Central Asia.Highlight :
The content emphasizes that low humus levels and moderate salinization remain key factors reducing soil fertility in arid Surkhandarya regions.
The role of cyanobacteria and microalgae is highlighted through their ability to fix nitrogen, strengthen soil aggregates, and enhance organic matter.
Experimental findings show that microalgal inoculation, especially Klebsormidium, measurably improves soil structure and water retention, supporting its potential for sustainable biorecultivation.
Keywords : Soil, Humus, Agrochemical Analysis, Cyanobacteria, Microalga
Review Of Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Water by Complexation-Assisted Ultrafiltration
No full textThe escalating contamination of water resources by heavy metal ions poses critical environmental and public health challenges, necessitating efficient remediation technologies. This review examines the application of Complexation-Assisted Ultrafiltration (CP-UF), alternatively termed Polymer-Enhanced Ultrafiltration (PEUF), as an advanced membrane-based separation process for removing toxic heavy metals from aqueous solutions. The study systematically analyzes two distinct approaches: synthetic polymers including Polyethylene Glycol (PEG 5000) and Diethylaminoethyl-cellulose (DEAE-cellulose) for zinc and cadmium removal, and natural biopolymer Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) for copper, nickel, and chromium elimination. Through comprehensive evaluation of experimental data from ultrafiltration membrane systems operated under varying conditions, the research demonstrates that DEAE-cellulose achieves exceptional rejection rates up to 99% for Zn(II) at pH 9.0 and 300 kPa pressure, while CMC exhibits superior performance exceeding 97% rejection for Cu(II), Ni(II), and Cr(III) at neutral to alkaline pH conditions. Critical operational parameters including solution pH, applied transmembrane pressure, membrane molecular weight cut-off, and polymer concentration significantly influence both permeate flux and metal ion retention efficiency. The novelty of this work lies in the comparative assessment of synthetic versus natural polymeric ligands, revealing that amino-functionalized DEAE-cellulose forms stable coordination complexes through nitrogen electron donation, whereas CMC utilizes carboxyl and hydroxyl groups for metal binding in pH-dependent octahedral or square planar configurations. Furthermore, the study establishes the economic and environmental feasibility of polymer regeneration through pH adjustment or chemical cleaning cycles, enabling multiple reuse iterations. These findings advance membrane separation theory by validating osmotic pressure models in complexation-ultrafiltration systems and provide practical implications for industrial wastewater treatment, particularly for low-concentration heavy metal effluents where conventional precipitation methods prove inadequate, thereby supporting sustainable water resource management and regulatory compliance in chemical engineering applications.Keywords : Filtration, Complexation-Ultrafiltration, Polymer-Enhanced Ultrafiltration (PEUF), Heavy Metal Removal, Water-Soluble PolymersHighlight :
DEAE-cellulose mencapai rejeksi 99% untuk Zn(II) pada pH 9,0 dengan tekanan 300 kPa
CMC menghasilkan rejeksi >97% untuk Cu(II), Ni(II), dan Cr(III) pada pH ≥7
Regenerasi polimer melalui penyesuaian pH memungkinkan penggunaan berulang dalam siklus pemisahan logam
Algorithmic Assessment of Samarkand Attractiveness and Its Strategic Role in Agritourism Development
No full textGeneral Background: The integration of tourism and agriculture has increased the importance of territorial attractiveness as a determinant of sustainable agrotourism development. Specific Background: Samarkand combines significant agricultural resources, cultural heritage, and expanding tourism activity, yet its agrotourism attractiveness has not been systematically quantified for strategic planning purposes. Knowledge Gap: Existing assessments rely on fragmented indicators and qualitative descriptions, limiting comparative analysis and evidence-based decision-making. Aims: This study aims to develop and apply an algorithmic framework to assess the attractiveness of the Samarkand region and to examine its strategic importance for agrotourism development. Results: The findings indicate that Samarkand’s agrotourism attractiveness emerges from the interaction of economic potential, agricultural and natural resources, tourism infrastructure, socio-cultural assets, and institutional support rather than isolated factors. Novelty: The study introduces a multidimensional, indicator-based algorithm that integrates quantitative normalization, hybrid weighting, and expert evaluation into a single composite attractiveness index. Implications: The proposed framework supports evidence-driven regional planning, investment prioritization, and policy formulation, while offering a transferable model for assessing agrotourism attractiveness in regions with similar socio-economic and agricultural characteristics.Keywords : Territorial Attractiveness, Agritourism Development, Assessment Algorithm, Samarkand Region, Strategic PlanningHighlight :
Algorithm integrates five dimensions: economic, agricultural, infrastructural, socio-cultural, and institutional indicators
Multicriteria evaluation combines quantitative normalization with expert-based weighting and sensitivity testing
Framework enables longitudinal monitoring and comparative assessment across districts and region
Sociological Assessment Of The Entrepreneurial Activity Of The Population In The Service Sector
No full textBackground: The service sector serves as a critical driver for enhancing entrepreneurial activity and addressing socio-economic challenges such as unemployment and poverty in developing economies. Knowledge Gap: While Uzbekistan has established comprehensive legal and institutional frameworks to support entrepreneurship, limited empirical research exists on the actual entrepreneurial activity levels and barriers faced by populations at the community (mahalla) level in the service sector. Aims: This study conducts a sociological assessment of entrepreneurial activity in Samarkand region's service sector, evaluating socio-economic factors, existing barriers, and opportunities through quantitative and qualitative methods. Results: Survey data from 496 respondents revealed that although 74.8% expressed desire to start businesses, only 25.1% possessed adequate family assets for entrepreneurial ventures. Key obstacles identified included insufficient capital-property resources (42.2% needed machinery/equipment, 47.1% required production buildings), limited financial literacy, and weak institutional support at the neighborhood level, with 80.7% reporting no practical assistance from local government programs. Novelty: This research employs a mahalla-based methodological approach to assess entrepreneurial readiness, providing granular insights into community-level barriers previously overlooked in regional development studies. Implications: Findings underscore the necessity for targeted interventions including enhanced financial literacy programs, improved neighborhood-level institutional support mechanisms, and comprehensive capital-property assistance schemes to effectively stimulate entrepreneurial activity among Uzbekistan's population.Highlight :
The study reveals that 74.8% of respondents desire to start businesses, but only 25.1% have adequate opportunities to utilize family assets as initial capital.
Major barriers include lack of machinery and equipment (42.2%), production facilities (47.1%), and reliance on mixed financing sources combining bank loans and personal funds (39.6%).
Institutional support remains inadequate, with 80.7% of respondents receiving no practical assistance from neighborhood-level government programs, indicating gaps in community-based entrepreneurship development mechanisms.
Keywords : Service Sector, Entrepreneurial Activity, Sociological Analysis, Economic Activity, Social Factor
Strategies for Digital Transformation in Madrasah Education for Institutional Excellence: Strategi Transformasi Digital dalam Pendidikan Madrasah untuk Keunggulan Institusi
No full textGeneral Background: Digital transformation is essential in modern education, including madrasahs. Specific Background: Indonesian madrasahs face challenges in integrating technology while preserving Islamic values. Knowledge Gap: Limited strategies exist for sustainable digital transformation in madrasahs. Aims: This study analyzes innovation diffusion strategies to enhance madrasahs' digital adaptation. Results: Key strategies include infrastructure development, educator training, stakeholder collaboration, and data-driven evaluations, with challenges like budget constraints and resistance to change. Novelty: It bridges innovation theory with practical applications in madrasahs. Implications: Findings guide policymakers and educators to drive effective, culturally aligned digital transformation.
Highlights:
Digital transformation in madrasahs requires robust infrastructure, skilled educators, and cultural adaptation.
Innovation diffusion strategies provide a structured approach to overcoming resistance and implementing technology.
Collaboration among stakeholders and continuous training are critical for sustainable educational advancements.
Keywords: Digital Transformation, Madrasah Education, Educational Technology, Institutional Excellence, Innovation Diffusio
Ventricular Septal Defect: A Review Article: Cacat Septum Ventrikel: Artikel Ulasan
No full textOf all congenital heart abnormalities, up to 40% are caused by anomalies in the ventricle septum. A wide variety of abnormalities are included in the diagnosis, including those linked to other congenital cardiac deformities and solitary problems. The age of the patient, the size and anatomical correlates of the defect, and the degree of diagnostic and interventional expertise in the field all influence the presentation, signs, course, and treatment of abnormalities in the ventricular septum.
Highlights:
Cause & Diagnosis: Ventricular septal anomalies cause 40% of congenital heart defects.
Influencing Factors: Age, defect size, anatomy, and medical expertise affect symptoms.
Treatment & Course: Diagnosis and intervention determine management and patient outcomes.
Keywords: Ventricular Septal Defect, Revie
Authenticity and Tourist Motivation Across Cultural Tourism Experiences: Keaslian dan Motivasi Wisatawan di Seluruh Pengalaman Wisata Budaya
No full textGeneral Background: Authenticity is crucial in modern tourism, where travelers seek meaningful cultural experiences beyond sightseeing. Specific Background: Authenticity in tourism is categorized into objective, constructive, and existential dimensions, yet their impact on tourist motivations remains underexplored. Knowledge Gap: Existing studies focus on authenticity’s link to satisfaction but overlook demographic influences and its role in different tourism types. Aims: This study examines how authenticity shapes tourist motivations, expectations, and satisfaction through qualitative methods, including interviews and case studies. Results: Tourists value different forms of authenticity—objective for tangible heritage, constructive for personal expectations, and existential for transformative experiences—affecting satisfaction and loyalty. Novelty: This study offers a multidimensional view of authenticity, showing its subjective and dynamic nature influenced by demographics and psychology. Implications: Tourism providers should create culturally sensitive, community-focused experiences to enhance satisfaction, sustainability, and destination appeal.
Highlights:
Tourist Preferences Differ – Objective, constructive, and existential authenticity appeal to different traveler motivations.
Authenticity Shapes Satisfaction – Aligning tourism experiences with authenticity preferences fosters deeper engagement and loyalty.
Cultural Sensitivity Matters – Community-centered, respectful tourism preserves heritage while meeting diverse tourist expectations.
Keywords: Authenticity, Cultural Tourism, Tourist Motivation, Experiential Tourism, Destination Loyalty, Sustainable Touris
Deep Learning and Fusion Techniques for High-Precision Image Matting: Teknik Pembelajaran Mendalam dan Fusi untuk Anyaman Gambar Presisi Tinggi
No full textGeneral Background: Deep image matting is a fundamental task in computer vision, enabling precise foreground extraction from complex backgrounds, with applications in augmented reality, computer graphics, and video processing. Specific Background: Despite advancements in deep learning-based methods, preserving fine details such as hair and transparency remains a challenge. Knowledge Gap: Existing approaches struggle with accuracy and efficiency, necessitating novel techniques to enhance matting precision. Aims: This study integrates deep learning with fusion techniques to improve alpha matte estimation, proposing a lightweight U-Net model incorporating color-space fusion and preprocessing. Results: Experiments using the AdobeComposition-1k dataset demonstrate superior performance compared to traditional methods, achieving higher accuracy, faster processing speed, and improved boundary preservation. Novelty: The proposed model effectively combines deep learning with fusion techniques, enhancing matting quality while maintaining robustness across various environmental conditions. Implications: These findings highlight the potential of integrating fusion techniques with deep learning for image matting, offering valuable insights for future research in automated image processing applications, including augmented reality, gaming, and interactive video technologies.
Highlights:
Better Precision: Fusion techniques enhance fine detail preservation.
Faster Processing: Lightweight U-Net improves speed and accuracy.
Wide Applications: Useful for AR, gaming, and video processing.
Keywords: Deep image matting, computer vision, deep learning, fusion techniques, U-Ne
Exploring the Role of Insulin Resistance in Hormonal imbalance in PCOS patients: Menjelajahi Peran Resistensi Insulin dalam Ketidakseimbangan Hormon pada Pasien PCOS
No full textGeneral Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant concern for transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia (TDT) patients due to their compromised immune systems and frequent hospital visits. Specific Background: Identifying virulence factor genes in bacterial species isolated from UTIs in TDT patients is crucial for understanding pathogenicity and improving treatment strategies. Knowledge Gap: Despite the high prevalence of UTIs in TDT patients, limited studies have focused on detecting virulence factor genes in the bacterial isolates from this specific population. Aims: This study aims to identify virulence factor genes in bacteria isolated from the urine samples of TDT patients with UTIs. Results: Among 173 urine samples, bacterial growth was observed in 38 samples (21.96%), while 135 samples (79.03%) showed no growth. The identified isolates included Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, confirmed through DNA extraction, universal primers, and partial 16S rRNA sequencing. Novelty: This study provides new insights into the molecular characteristics of bacterial pathogens in TDT patients, highlighting the presence of specific virulence factors that contribute to infection severity. Implications: The findings enhance our understanding of bacterial virulence in TDT-related UTIs, offering a foundation for targeted therapeutic strategies and improved clinical management.
Highlights:
UTI Risk: TDT patients have higher susceptibility due to immune dysfunction.
Bacterial Profile: E. coli, E. cloacae, and K. pneumoniae dominate infections.
Clinical Impact: Supports targeted therapy for managing UTIs in TDT patients.
Keywords: Urinary Tract Infection, Beta-Thalassemia, Virulence Factors, Bacterial Pathogens, 16S rRNA Sequencin
Competence as a Key Driver of Administrative Performance in Universities: Kompetensi sebagai Pendorong Utama Kinerja Administrasi di Perguruan Tinggi
Get PDFGeneral Background: Employee performance in higher education institutions is a critical determinant of administrative effectiveness and institutional success. Specific Background: However, the complex interplay between work climate, employee competence, work experience, and performance remains underexplored, particularly among non-academic staff. Knowledge Gap: Existing literature rarely integrates these variables within a single analytical framework, especially in the Indonesian higher education context. Aims: This study aims to examine the causal relationships among work climate, employee competence, work experience, and employee performance among administrative staff at Universitas Pattimura Ambon (UNPATTI) using a mixed-methods approach. Results: Findings indicate that work experience significantly influences both competence (path coefficient = 0.704) and work climate (0.652), but has a negligible direct effect on performance (–0.015). Competence emerges as the strongest predictor of performance (0.819), while work climate exerts only a minor direct effect (0.026). Novelty: The integration of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with qualitative insights provides a comprehensive understanding of mediating effects, revealing competence as a pivotal mechanism linking experience and climate to performance. Implications: These results inform strategic human resource management practices in higher education, emphasizing targeted professional development, mentorship, and the cultivation of a supportive work climate to enhance staff performance and institutional sustainability.
Highlights:
Work climate and competence affect performance in higher education administration.
Mixed-methods with SEM show competence mediates experience's impact on performance.
Prioritize HR strategies: mentorship, training, and supportive work environment.
Keyword: Human Resource Management, Employee Competence, Work Climate, Higher Education Administration, Structural Equation Modelin