E-Journal UMSIDA (Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo)
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1909 research outputs found
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Management Mechanisms Aimed at Increasing the Efficiency of Resource Use in Industrial Enterprises
No full textGeneral Background: Efficient resource utilization is a critical determinant of competitiveness and sustainability in industrial enterprises facing economic uncertainty and rising costs. Specific Background: In resource-intensive industries, particularly textile enterprises, traditional management approaches are insufficient to control material, labor, energy, and financial resources under dynamic market conditions. Knowledge Gap: Existing studies provide limited integrated frameworks that empirically link strategic, operational, and digital management mechanisms to measurable improvements in resource efficiency and financial performance. Aims: This study aims to analyze management mechanisms that enhance the efficiency of resource use in industrial enterprises through integrated strategic, operational, and digital tools. Results: The findings demonstrate that integrated management mechanisms improve material utilization, labor productivity, and energy efficiency, while reducing unit production costs, operational risks, and cost volatility, leading to stronger financial performance. Novelty: The study proposes a structured, block-based management mechanism that systematically connects resource planning, digital support, monitoring, and financial management. Implications: The results provide practical guidance for managers and policymakers to strengthen resource efficiency, cost optimization, and long-term competitiveness in industrial enterprises, particularly within the textile sector.Keywords : Resource Efficiency, Industrial Enterprise Management, Integrated Management Mechanisms, Digital Resource Management, Operational and Cost OptimizationHighlight :
Integrated managerial systems significantly reduce material waste and stabilize input–output ratios across textile production stages.
Digital tools enhance decision accuracy, real-time oversight, and operational consistency, strengthening productivity and risk control.
Coordinated planning and monitoring improve cost structures, profitability, and financial resilience under volatile market conditions
Statistical Study for the Estimators of Bayesian Analysis and Generalized Least Squares Method for the Parameters of the Multilevel Regression Model: Kajian Statistik untuk Estimator Analisis Bayesian dan Metode Kuadrat Terkecil Tergeneralisasi untuk Parameter Model Regresi Multilevel
No full textIn this research, we dealt with the multilevel linear regression model, which is one of the most important models widely used and applied in analyzing data that is characterized by the fact that the observations in it take a hierarchical form. Two different methods were also applied to estimate the model parameters, namely the general least squares method and Bayesian analysis. A comparison was made between them and which is better in the estimation process through the Akaike information criterion and the Bayesian information criterion. It was found that the Bayesian analysis method is the most efficient in the estimation process. The Bayesian analysis method is the best method for estimating the parameters of a multilevel model (with two levels) for PMRM-2 panel data in general for any type of regression models for panel data and for different sample sizes. The method maintained the preference for estimation by adopting the AIC and BIC measures. This means that the Bayesian analysis method can be adopted for estimation in the applied aspect when estimating the parameters of a multilevel model (with two levels) for PMRM-2 panel data, such as wheat data in Some governorates of Iraq, according to the available time series extending from 2000 - 2021.
Highlights:
Multilevel regression applied for hierarchical data with two-level structure.
Bayesian analysis outperformed generalized least squares using AIC and BIC measures.
Study analyzed wheat data (2000–2021) in Iraq governorates effectively.
Keywords: Multilevel Regression, Bayesian Analysis, Generalized Least Squares, AIC, BI
Maintenance of Cement Concrete Pavements: Defects and Their Elimination: Pemeliharaan Perkerasan Beton Semen: Cacat dan Penghapusannya
No full textThe main purpose of this article is to analyze the operational condition of existing cement-concrete roads in the Republic of Uzbekistan and identify work to eliminate existing problems. According to this, defects in cement concrete pavements, using the method of visual examination of the condition proposed by British specialists, are the objects of study of the section of the A-380 “Guzor-Bukhara-Nukus-Beynov” highway (480-490 km) and section of the M-39 “Almaty-Bishkek-Tashkent-Shakhrisabz-Termiz” highway (1173-1184 km). Based on the results, coating surface defects and structural defects were classified, and the causes and consequences of their occurrence were analyzed. The importance of improving storage technologies in eliminating problems caused by defects in cement concrete pavements is emphasized, and through this, issues of increasing the service life of coatings are considered. At the same time, recommendations were made on continuous monitoring of the condition of the roads in use, organization, and planning of operational works based on the results of the study of the pavement condition.
Highlights:
Analysis of Road Conditions: Evaluating defects in Uzbekistan’s cement-concrete highways.
Causes and Solutions: Identifying defects, their causes, and solutions for longevity.
Recommendations: Continuous monitoring, improved storage, and operational planning for
Keywords - cement concrete, service life, surface defects, structural defects, Visual condition surveys (VCS)
Information Systems for Convolutional Neural Network in Diabetes Detection Using Fundus Images: Sistem Informasi Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan untuk Deteksi Diabetes Menggunakan Citra Fundus
No full textDiabetes is regarded as a serious illness, and early detection enhances patient treatment and quality of life. This research develops a convolutional neural network for diabetes detection using fundus images from the IDRID image set. The convolutional neural network's performance analysis is applied to cross-validation and comparison with other patterns found in earlier research using techniques including Random Forest, Extra Trees, SVM, and AdaBoost. Our CNN pattern consists of an input layer, three convolutional layers, three pooling layers, two fully connected layers, and an output layer with two neurons. An accuracy of 83.50% was obtained from the evaluation of the convolutional neural network pattern using 103 photos, which is better than the results of earlier research.
Highlights:
CNN developed for diabetes detection using IDRiD fundus images.
Compared with RF, ET, SVM, and AdaBoost via cross-validation.
CNN achieved 83.50% accuracy, outperforming previous research.
Keywords: Convolutional Neural Network, Diabetes Screening, Machine Learning, Deep Learning
The Procedure for Maintaining Accounting Records in Trade Enterprises Based on International Standards: Prosedur Pemeliharaan Catatan Akuntansi di Perusahaan Perdagangan Berdasarkan Standar Internasional
No full textGeneral Background: Accounting plays a crucial role in business operations by ensuring accurate financial reporting and transparency. The adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) has become essential for global trade enterprises to maintain consistency, comparability, and reliability in financial statements. Specific Background: Trade businesses face challenges in financial reporting, including compliance with international regulations, efficient data management, and technological adaptation. IFRS provides a standardized framework to enhance financial reporting quality, improve investment prospects, and support decision-making. Knowledge Gap: Despite the widespread adoption of IFRS, gaps remain in understanding the practical implementation of international standards in trade enterprises, particularly regarding accounting policies, automation, and personnel training. Aims: This study analyzes the role of IFRS in trade business accounting, examines key elements such as financial statement preparation, auditing, and technology integration, and identifies challenges and solutions in compliance with global standards. Results: Findings indicate that IFRS adoption enhances financial transparency, improves internal financial discipline, and strengthens businesses' competitiveness in international markets. The integration of modern accounting technologies and training programs significantly improves compliance efficiency. Novelty: This study provides a structured approach to implementing IFRS in trade businesses, highlighting the synergy between regulatory compliance, technological advancement, and personnel expertise. Implications: The adoption of IFRS fosters financial stability, attracts investment, and supports trade enterprises in global market expansion. Policymakers and business leaders should prioritize regulatory adherence, automation, and workforce development to optimize financial reporting processes.
Highlights:
Importance of IFRS in Business Accounting
Technology & Tools for Accurate Financial Reporting
Enhancing Global Competitiveness Through Standardized Accounting
Keywords: financial reports, International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), Joint-stock companies, revenue and expenses.
 
Escherichia coli Triggers Intestinal Inflammation and Mucosal Damage Through Immune Activation: Escherichia coli Memicu Peradangan Usus dan Kerusakan Mukosa Melalui Aktivasi Kekebalan Tubuh
No full textGeneral Background: The intestinal mucosa plays a crucial role in immune defense and homeostasis. Specific Background: Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection disrupts this balance, triggering immune responses and inflammation. Knowledge Gap: The detailed immune mechanisms underlying E. coli infection, including cytokine production and immune cell infiltration, remain poorly understood. Aims: This study investigates the immune responses, cytokine production, and mucosal damage induced by E. coli infection. Results: Using murine models and clinical samples, E. coli infection resulted in elevated cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β), increased immune cell infiltration (neutrophils, macrophages, T cells), and mucosal damage, such as reduced villus height and increased crypt depth. Novelty: This research provides comprehensive insights into the immunological and histopathological consequences of E. coli infection, integrating cytokine analysis, immune profiling, and tissue damage assessment. Implications: The findings highlight potential therapeutic targets for preserving intestinal mucosal integrity and reducing systemic inflammation. Future studies should focus on exploring molecular mechanisms and developing interventions to mitigate the impact of E. coli infections.
Highlights:
E. coli disrupts intestinal mucosa, triggering immune responses and inflammation.
Investigate immune responses, cytokine production, and mucosal damage due to E. coli.
Elevated cytokines, immune cell infiltration, and mucosal damage highlight systemic inflammation.
Keywords: E. coli, immunity, intestin
Green Synthesis of Cadmium Nanoparticles Using Laurus nobilis for Dye Degradation: Sintesis Hijau Nanopartikel Kadmium Menggunakan Laurus nobilis untuk Degradasi Pewarna
No full textGeneral Background: Nanotechnology has gained significant attention for its potential applications in environmental remediation, particularly in the degradation of organic pollutants. Specific Background: Green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts is a sustainable approach that reduces the need for hazardous chemicals. Knowledge Gap: However, the role of Laurus nobilis (bay laurel) in synthesizing cadmium nanoparticles (CdNPs) and their effectiveness in dye degradation remains underexplored. Aims: This study investigates the feasibility of synthesizing CdNPs using Laurus nobilis leaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent and evaluates their potential in methylene blue (MB) dye degradation. Results: The formation of CdNPs was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy, exhibiting a surface plasmon resonance peak at 435 nm, and SEM-EDX analysis revealed spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 61.36 nm and a cadmium composition of 87.57%. The synthesized CdNPs achieved a 60% degradation efficiency for MB dye under visible light exposure. Novelty: This work presents an eco-friendly, rapid, and simple method for synthesizing CdNPs using Laurus nobilis, highlighting the phytochemical-mediated nanoparticle stabilization. Implications: The findings demonstrate the potential of plant-based CdNPs for wastewater treatment applications, contributing to sustainable and green chemistry solutions for environmental pollution.
Highlights:
Green synthesis of cadmium nanoparticles using Laurus nobilis extract.
Spherical CdNPs (61.36 nm) achieved 60% methylene blue degradation.
Eco-friendly nanotechnology for wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.
Keywords: cadmium nanoparticles, degradation, green synthesis, Laurus nobilis Leaves extract.
 
Lipoprotein Ratios as Biomarkers for Assessing Chronic Atherosclerosis Progression: Rasio Lipoprotein sebagai Biomarker untuk Menilai Perkembangan Aterosklerosis Kronis
No full textGeneral Background: Lipoprotein ratios are critical biomarkers for assessing chronic atherosclerosis progression, providing insights into lipid metabolism imbalances and cardiovascular risk. Specific Background: While their role in cardiovascular disease is established, their correlation with inflammatory markers in chronic atherosclerosis remains underexplored. Knowledge Gap: Limited studies have comprehensively examined the interplay between lipid dysregulation and systemic inflammation in chronic atherosclerosis. Aims: This study evaluates the significance of lipoprotein ratios as biomarkers for chronic atherosclerosis progression and their association with inflammatory markers. Methods: A case-control study at Al-Habbobi Teaching Hospital (October 1, 2024 – February 1, 2025) included 60 chronic atherosclerosis patients and 30 healthy controls. Lipoprotein ratios (LDL/HDL, TC/HDL, non-HDL cholesterol) and inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, IFN-γ, adiponectin, MCP-1) were analyzed using ELISA, with atherosclerosis severity assessed via intima-media thickness (IMT). Results: Patients exhibited significantly elevated BMI, smoking prevalence, hypertension, lipoprotein ratios (p < 0.001), and inflammatory markers, indicating chronic inflammation. Lipid dysregulation strongly correlated with inflammation. Novelty: This study provides novel evidence linking lipoprotein ratios with inflammatory responses, reinforcing their role as integrated biomarkers. Implications: Understanding lipid-immune interactions may improve early diagnosis, risk stratification, and targeted therapy development for chronic atherosclerosis.
Highlights:
Lipoprotein ratios and inflammation contribute to chronic atherosclerosis progression.
Case-control study analyzing lipoprotein ratios, inflammatory markers, and IMT.
Strong correlation between lipid dysregulation, inflammation, and atherosclerosis severity.
Keyword: Lipoprotein Ratios, Chronic Atherosclerosis, Inflammatory Markers, LDL/HDL, Immune Response, Cardiovascular Ris
Optimizing ZnO Thin Films for Light Absorption Using FDTD Simulation: Mengoptimalkan Film Tipis ZnO untuk Penyerapan Cahaya Menggunakan Simulasi FDTD
No full textGeneral Background: The development of efficient and cost-effective photovoltaic devices relies heavily on the optical performance of semiconductor materials. Specific Background: Zinc oxide (ZnO), a low-cost and abundant material, exhibits promising optical properties suitable for light absorption applications. Knowledge Gap: However, limited studies have simulated the impact of varying thickness and surface roughness on the optical behavior of ZnO membranes using advanced computational methods. Aims: This study aims to simulate and analyze the optical properties of three-dimensional ZnO thin films deposited on a glass substrate using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method. Results: The simulation, conducted across wavelengths ranging from 300–800 nm, demonstrates that increasing the ZnO membrane’s thickness and surface roughness enhances light absorption and reduces reflectivity. Optimal performance was observed at a membrane thickness of 5.2 µm. Novelty: This research applies FDTD-based modeling to examine both flat and rough-surfaced ZnO membranes, providing a comprehensive understanding of light interaction in nanostructured layers. Implications: The findings contribute to the design of high-performance, low-cost optical and photovoltaic devices by optimizing ZnO film characteristics for maximum efficiency.
Highlights:
Background: ZnO films have potential in low-cost photovoltaic applications.
Method/Result: FDTD simulation shows thickness and roughness improve light absorption.
Implication: Guides efficient ZnO-based optical device design.
Keyword : Zinc Oxide (ZnO), Thin Films, FDTD Simulation, Optical Properties, Photovoltaic Devices
 
Potential of Nigella sativa as a Natural Antimicrobial Drug Candidate: Potensi Nigella sativa sebagai Kandidat Obat Antimikroba Alami
No full textGeneral Background: Antibiotic resistance has emerged as a major global health crisis in recent decades, driven by the rise of multi-drug resistant pathogens. Specific Background: As conventional antibiotics become less effective, there is growing interest in exploring natural sources, such as medicinal plants, for novel antimicrobial agents. Knowledge Gap: Despite the traditional use of Nigella sativa in various cultures, the precise mechanisms underlying its antimicrobial properties remain inadequately understood. Aims: This mini-review aims to highlight the potential of Nigella sativa seeds and oil as promising antimicrobial agents, focusing on their bioactive compounds and therapeutic applications. Results: Findings indicate that the therapeutic potential of N. sativa is largely attributed to thymoquinone and other key constituents, including linoleic acid, nigellone, nigilline, melanthin, and trans-anethole, which exhibit diverse pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and gastroprotective effects. Novelty: This review underscores the relevance of N. sativa as a safe, natural alternative in antimicrobial therapy, rooted in traditional medicine yet supported by emerging scientific evidence. Implications: Future research should focus on elucidating the molecular mechanisms of N. sativa’s bioactivity and isolating specific active compounds to facilitate drug development against resistant pathogens.
Highlights:
Rising antibiotic resistance demands alternative antimicrobial sources.
Nigella sativa shows therapeutic potential via thymoquinone and key compounds.
Supports future drug development from natural, plant-based bioactive agents.
Keywords: Nigella sativa; Black seed ; Antibacterial; Antibiotics resistanc