E-Journal UMSIDA (Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo)
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Participation and Capacity of Officials in Drafting Village Regulations: Partisipasi dan Kapasitas Aparatur dalam Penyusunan Peraturan Desa
No full textBackground (General): Governance at the village level plays a vital role in realizing democratic principles and sustainable local development, particularly within the framework of decentralization in Indonesia. Background (Specific): Desa Rogojampi in Banyuwangi faces challenges in implementing village regulations (Perdes) due to limited institutional capacity, low community participation, and suboptimal oversight mechanisms. Knowledge Gap: Although the legal framework strongly supports village autonomy, empirical evidence on how regulatory formulation aligns with good governance principles at the village level remains insufficient. Aims: This study aims to analyze perceptions of villagers, local officials, and the Village Consultative Body (BPD) regarding the formulation of Perdes as an instrument to strengthen good governance. Results: A survey of 40 respondents revealed adequate public understanding of Perdes (72%), but participation in drafting remains low (58%). Village officials’ regulatory capacity is modest (60%), while BPD oversight is weak (55%). Conversely, expectations for improvement are high (85%), particularly for broader public involvement and academic support. Novelty: The study integrates community-based legal education with governance principles to highlight the intersection of law, participation, and accountability in village administration. Implications: Strengthening technical capacity, expanding inclusive participation, and enhancing oversight mechanisms are crucial strategies for optimizing village regulation to achieve transparent, accountable, and responsive governance.Highlight :
Community understanding of the function of village regulations is fairly good, but participation remains low.
The capacity of village officials in regulation drafting needs strengthening.
The supervisory mechanism of the Village Consultative Body (BPD) is not yet optimal and requires improvement.
Keywords : Village Regulation, Village Governance, Good Governance, Legislation Theory, Participatio
Classroom Application of Quantum Teaching in Elementary Science Learning: Penerapan Quantum Teaching dalam Pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar
Get PDFGeneral Background: Science learning in elementary schools is crucial for building students’ conceptual knowledge and critical thinking. Specific Background: At SDN 201/VI Lubuk Napal, only 29% of fifth-grade students reached the minimum learning mastery in science and social science subjects. Traditional teacher-centered methods created low motivation and poor engagement. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies rarely examined Quantum Teaching specifically in the context of integrated science and social science learning at elementary level, particularly in rural schools. Aims: This study aimed to explore how the Quantum Teaching model supports classroom processes and outcomes in fifth-grade science learning. Results: Conducted as classroom action research in two cycles with 14 students, the findings showed clear progress. Teacher observation scores rose from 70.37% to 88.89%, while student observation increased from 66.67% to 88.89%. Learning mastery improved from 57.14% in the first cycle to 92.86% in the second cycle. Novelty: This research applied the TANDUR framework of Quantum Teaching in a real classroom with low motivation, demonstrating its practical relevance. Implications: The results highlight the potential of Quantum Teaching to create an interactive, enjoyable, and meaningful science learning environment that addresses both cognitive and participatory aspects.
Highlight:
Improved teacher and student participation during classroom activities.
Higher mastery of science learning outcomes across two research cycles.
Practical use of the TANDUR framework in a low-motivation classroom.
Keywords: Quantum Teaching, Science Learning, Elementary Education, Classroom Research, Student Engagemen
Mathematics Learning with Scramble Model and Snakes and Ladders Media: Pembelajaran Matematika dengan Model Scramble dan Media Ular Tangga
Get PDFGeneral Background: Mathematics learning in elementary schools often fails to engage students, leading to low motivation and unsatisfactory outcomes. Specific Background: At SDN 71/II Sungai Gambir, fourth-grade students showed limited participation and low test scores in mathematics, particularly in fractions. Knowledge Gap: Traditional methods often overlook playful and interactive approaches that align with students’ cognitive and social needs. Aims: This study examined the application of the Scramble learning model supported by Snakes and Ladders media to strengthen mathematics learning among fourth-grade students. Results: Conducted through Classroom Action Research across two cycles, findings revealed progress in teacher performance (77.27% to 90.90%), student participation (65% to 85%), and test achievement (55% to 80%). Novelty: The integration of game-based media with a cooperative Scramble model demonstrated a unique strategy for fostering active, enjoyable, and meaningful mathematics learning in elementary settings. Implications: These findings suggest that teachers may adopt interactive and playful methods to improve classroom dynamics, strengthen student collaboration, and achieve better mathematics learning results.
Highlight:
Improved teacher performance, student participation, and test scores.
Scramble model combined with Snakes and Ladders created active and fun learning.
Results show mathematics learning became more meaningful and engaging.
Keywords: Scramble Learning Model, Snakes and Ladders, Mathematics Learning, Student Participation, Elementary Educatio
Women's Knowledge Toward the Side Effects of Hormonal Birth Control Pills
Get PDFObjectives: The study's goals were to assess women's awareness of the negative effects of hormonal contraceptives and determine how that awareness related to their demographic traits. Methods: At hospitals in the Al-Qadisiyah Governorate, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to find out how much women knew about the negative effects of hormonal contraceptives. It was decided to prolong the study term from April 3, 2025, to July 25, 2025. Data collection was rescheduled from May 3, 2025, to June 2, 2025—purposive non-probability sample. (300) was the sample that was used. To participate in the study, participants fill out a form that is split into two sections: a demographic data form and information about the negative effects of hormonal contraceptive pills (11). Results: The results of this investigation showed that the most common general evaluation of knowledge among students was poor, and the mean (1.96) Conclusion: The overall assessment was a low level of knowledge, with a percentage of 39.6%.
Highlights:
Low awareness of contraceptive side effects among women.
Education level significantly influences knowledge.
Targeted interventions can improve reproductive health.
Keywords: Women, Contraceptives, Knowledge, Side Effects, Educatio
Quality Management System for Stable Product and Customer Reliability: Sistem Manajemen Mutu untuk Kualitas Produk yang Stabil dan Keandalan Pelanggan
Get PDFGeneral Background: In the context of globalization, the construction industry plays a critical role in economic growth and social stability, with building material enterprises serving as its central link. Specific Background: In Uzbekistan, rapid infrastructural development has increased the demand not only for higher production volumes but also for building materials that meet international quality standards. Knowledge Gap: Despite the global relevance of quality management systems (QMS), many local enterprises still approach quality reactively rather than strategically, limiting competitiveness and sustainability. Aims: This study investigates the effectiveness of implementing QMS, particularly ISO 9001:2015, in enterprises producing building materials, focusing on its role in improving product quality and organizational performance. Results: A comparative analysis of 20 enterprises revealed that those applying ISO 9001 achieved significantly lower defect rates (3% vs. 11%), higher customer satisfaction (92% vs. 71%), and greater production stability (87% vs. 65%). Novelty: By critically integrating international theories with local practice, the study highlights the importance of process standardization, employee competence, and continuous improvement as key drivers of quality. Implications: The findings demonstrate that adopting QMS should move beyond certification toward full integration into corporate strategy, serving as a catalyst for competitiveness, sustainable growth, and industry-wide modernization.Highlight :
Standardization of processes is the main factor influencing product quality.
ISO 9001:2015 improves customer satisfaction and production stability.
Quality management must involve employees and be applied continuously.
Keywords : Quality Management, Building Materials, ISO 9001:2015, Product Quality, Corporate Quality Cultur
Synthesis of Copolymer from Industrial Waste as Modifier for Iraqi Lubricants
Get PDFGeneral Background: The increasing global demand for sustainable practices in the lubricants industry has highlighted the potential for utilizing industrial waste to enhance lubrication formulations. Specifically, the use of polyethylene wax derived from industrial waste offers a promising avenue for improving polymer performance. Specific Background: In Iraq, the development of lubricating oil formulations utilizing locally sourced industrial waste remains underexplored. The synthesis of copolymers from polyethylene wax and alkyl acrylates presents a novel approach to improving the efficiency of lubricants. Knowledge Gap: While numerous studies have focused on the role of polymer additives in lubrication, there is a lack of research on the application of waste-derived copolymers, particularly in the context of the Iraqi oil industry. Aim: This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate-co-polyethylene wax) (TND-W) copolymer derived from industrial waste, and evaluates its efficacy as a viscosity modifier (VM) and pour point depressant (PPD) in lubricating oils. Results: The synthesized copolymer demonstrated significant improvements in the viscosity and pour point properties of base oils. The copolymer's performance was shown to be concentration-dependent, with the optimal performance observed at 4000 ppm. However, increasing the concentration beyond this level resulted in reduced effectiveness due to solubility limitations in the base oils, especially at lower temperatures. Novelty: This research introduces a sustainable approach to enhancing lubricating formulations by utilizing industrial waste materials, a method not commonly explored in previous studies within the context of the Iraqi oil industry. Implications: The findings provide valuable insights for the oil industry, particularly in the development of eco-friendly lubricants. The study's implications extend to environmental sustainability, suggesting a practical solution for incorporating waste-derived materials into industrial applications.
Highlights:
Synthesis of a copolymer from industrial waste for use in lubricating oils.
Demonstrated the copolymer's dual functionality as a viscosity modifier and pour point depressant.
Highlighted the concentration-dependent effectiveness of the copolymer, with optimal performance at 4000 ppm.
Offered a sustainable approach to improving oil formulations, contributing to both environmental and performance enhancement.
Keywords: Copolymer, Lubricating Oil, Polyethylene Wax, Pour Point Depressant, Viscosity Modifier (VM
Hormonal Alterations in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
No full textGeneral background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is among the most common endocrine disorders affecting 5–10% of women of reproductive age, associated with infertility, metabolic dysfunction, and cardiovascular risk. Specific background: Although PCOS is widely studied, the hormonal mechanisms underlying its heterogeneity remain insufficiently clarified, particularly in Middle Eastern populations. Knowledge gap: Limited data exist on the hormonal alterations across age groups of women with PCOS in Iraq, where prevalence is rising. Aims: This study investigated hormonal parameters—LH, FSH, testosterone, prolactin, T3, and TSH—among 50 PCOS patients compared with 25 healthy controls in Ramadi. Results: Findings showed significantly elevated LH, testosterone, prolactin, and TSH, alongside reduced T3, with the most pronounced LH increase in women aged 36–45 years (p < 0.05). FSH remained unchanged overall, while clinical signs such as menstrual irregularities, obesity, hirsutism, and galactorrhea were markedly more frequent in PCOS cases. Novelty: This study provides age-stratified evidence linking hormonal imbalances with clinical manifestations in Iraqi women, highlighting hypothyroidism as a contributing factor. Implications: The results underscore the importance of routine thyroid and hormonal monitoring, genetic screening, and lifestyle interventions in managing PCOS and reducing its reproductive and metabolic complications
Highlights:
PCOS patients showed significantly elevated LH, testosterone, prolactin, and TSH with reduced T3.
Age group 36–45 years exhibited the highest hormonal imbalance, especially LH increase.
Clinical manifestations included menstrual irregularities, obesity, hirsutism, and galactorrhea
Keywords: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Hormonal Imbalance, Luteinizing Hormone, Hypothyroidism, Infertilit
The Low Income Tax in Iraq Causes and Treatments for the Period 2013-2016: Pajak Penghasilan Rendah di Irak: Penyebab dan Solusi untuk Periode 2013-2016
No full textBackground: Tax revenues, particularly income tax, are a fundamental component of national budgets and serve as a more sustainable funding source than volatile oil revenues or external borrowing. Specific Background: In Iraq, reliance on oil revenues has overshadowed the role of income taxes, resulting in unstable fiscal capacity and limited public service delivery. Knowledge Gap: Despite Iraq’s fiscal challenges, little research has systematically examined the relationship between income tax revenues and broader economic performance, especially GDP. Aim: This study investigates the causes of low income tax revenues in Iraq between 2003 and 2016 and evaluates their relationship with GDP growth. Results: The findings reveal that income tax contributed on average only 1% to GDP, far below comparable countries, due to excessive exemptions, weak administration, low tax awareness, and dependency on oil. Granger causality tests indicate that income tax revenues significantly influence GDP, while GDP growth also affects tax revenues. Novelty: This research provides one of the first empirical analyses of the bidirectional relationship between income tax revenues and GDP in Iraq during the post-war recovery period. Implications: The results underscore the need for comprehensive tax reforms, reduced exemptions, and improved governance to diversify Iraq’s fiscal base and enhance sustainable economic development.Highlight :
Income tax revenues in Iraq remain low compared to GDP.
Strong dependence on oil reduces diversification of revenues.
Tax exemptions and weak administration hinder revenue growth.
Keywords : Income Tax, Iraq, Public Revenues, GDP, Oil Revenue
Digital Law Enforcement and Public Trust in Pasuruan’s E-Ticketing System
No full textGeneral Background: The modernization of traffic law enforcement in Indonesia marks a transition from conventional to digital systems through electronic ticketing (e-tilang), reflecting the state’s adaptation to technological and social transformations. Specific Background: Police Regulation Number 2 of 2025 introduces electronic evidence-based enforcement to enhance transparency, efficiency, and accountability in traffic management within the jurisdiction of the Pasuruan Regency Police. Knowledge Gap: Despite its normative strength, the practical effectiveness of this regulation remains unclear, especially regarding its harmony with social dynamics, legal culture, and local infrastructure readiness. Aims: This study examines the legal effectiveness of e-ticketing implementation in Pasuruan Regency by analyzing the interrelation between legal norms, enforcement structures, and public awareness. Results: Findings reveal that while e-ticketing aligns with the legality principle and reduces extortion, its effectiveness is constrained by limited infrastructure, low digital literacy, and weak cross-agency coordination. Novelty: This research highlights e-ticketing as not merely an administrative reform but a moral-legal transformation emphasizing justice, empathy, and public trust in digital law. Implications: Strengthening legal literacy, enhancing interagency integration, and promoting participatory education are essential for realizing a humane, transparent, and just digital legal system.
Highlights:
Examines how technology transforms traditional law enforcement into digital systems.
Identifies key barriers such as limited infrastructure and low digital literacy.
Emphasizes the need for human-centered, just, and transparent digital law practices.
Keywords: Legal Effectiveness, E-Ticketing, Digital Law Enforcement, Traffic Justic
Judicial Justice in Polygamy Permits Based on Quraish Shihab’s Perspective
No full textGeneral Background: Polygamy remains a controversial issue in Islamic family law and judicial practice in Indonesia, primarily centered on the requirement of justice as mandated in Surah An-Nisa verse 3. Specific Background: In practice, achieving fairness in polygamy often faces challenges, particularly in judicial decisions granting polygamy permits. Quraish Shihab’s interpretation of justice emphasizes balance and contextual fairness, offering a multidimensional perspective for analyzing such rulings. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies have not deeply examined how judges operationalize Quraish Shihab’s concept of justice in actual polygamy permit decisions. Aims: This study aims to analyze the application of justice principles in the Jember Religious Court’s Decision No. 1775/Pdt.G/2023/PA.Jr using Quraish Shihab’s justice framework. Results: The findings reveal that the judges’ considerations emphasize procedural and formal justice—such as equality before the law and compliance with legal requirements—while substantive justice, including psychological and social balance for wives and children, remains limited. Novelty: This study provides an integrative analysis linking Islamic theological concepts of justice with judicial reasoning in polygamy cases. Implications: The research highlights the need for a holistic judicial approach that not only fulfills legal formalities but also ensures equitable family welfare consistent with maqasid al-shariah principles.
Highlights:
Examines judicial justice in polygamy permit decisions.
Applies Quraish Shihab’s concept of balanced fairness.
Reveals dominance of formal over substantive justice.
Keywords: Justice, Polygamy, Quraish Shihab, Religious Court, Islamic La