Organization - Journal of Management, Informatics and Human Resources / Organizacija - Revija za management, informatiko in kadre (University of Maribor)
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Spletna komunikacija na temo družbene odgovornosti podjetij v podružnicah multinacionalnih družb na Madžarskem
No full textBackground and Purpose: Many studies have explored the differences in the management of corporate social responsibility (CSR) of multinational companies across the globe. The main question of the study was, are there differences between CSR practices between home country and host country operations?
Design/Methodology/Approach: This study investigates the differences in online CSR communication between global corporate websites and the webpages of local subsidiaries in Hungary. The sample contains 70 multinational companies (MNCs) and their Hungarian subsidiaries. All the subsidiaries of the sample are listed amongst the largest 200 companies (based on turnover) in Hungary. Both the local (Hungarian) and the global internet sites of these MNCs were visited, and pre-defined categories were sought on the corporate websites. The presence/lack of these CSR themes and topics on the websites were recorded.
Results: The findings show that online CSR disclosure of the subsidiaries is usually more limited than the global communication. Moreover, distance from the headquarters seems to matter, the farther the headquarters of the MNC is located, the narrower CSR presence on the websites of the local subsidiary can be observed.
Conclusion: The paper’s main contribution is to deepen our knowledge about the CSR strategies of the multinational companies across their operations. It was confirmed that their CSR practices significantly differ between the host and home countries.
Keywords: CSR; local subsidiaries; multinational companies; online communicationOzadje in cilj: Številne raziskave so preučevale razlike pri upravljanju družbene odgovornosti podjetij (CSR) pri večnacionalnih podjetij po vsem svetu. Glavno vprašanje te študije je, ali obstajajo razlike med prakso družbene odgovornosti podjetij med domačo državo in državo gostiteljico?
Zasnova / metodologija / pristop: V članku so analizirane razlike v spletni komunikaciji prakse družbene odgovornosti podjetij med globalnimi spletnimi stranmi podjetja in spletnimi stranmi lokalnih podružnic na Madžarskem. Vzorec vsebuje 70 multinacionalnih družb (MNC) in njihovih madžarskih hčerinskih družb. Vse hčerinske družbe v vzorcu so uvrščene med 200 največjih podjetij (na podlagi prometa) na Madžarskem. Obiskali smo lokalne (madžarske) in globalne spletne strani teh MNC, na spletnih straneh podjetij pa smo iskali vnaprej določene kategorije. Beležili smo prisotnost / pomanjkanje teh CSR tem na spletnih straneh.
Rezultati: Ugotovitve kažejo, da je spletna predstavitev hčerinskih družb o družbeni odgovornosti običajno bolj omejena kot globalna komunikacija na to temo. Poleg tega se zdi, da je pomembna tudi oddaljenost od sedeža matične družba: čim dlje je sedež MNC, manj je prisotnosti CSR tem na spletnih straneh lokalne hčerinske družbe.
Zaključek: Glavni prispevek tega članka je poglobiti naše znanje o strategijah družbene odgovornosti podjetij večnacionalnih podjetij v njihovem delovanju. Potrjeno je bilo, da se njihove prakse družbene odgovornosti podjetij bistveno razlikujejo med gostiteljicami in matičnimi državami.
Ključne besede: CSR; lokalne hčerinske družbe; multinacionalne družbe; spletno komuniciranj
Analiza učinkovitosti prehrambnih gostinskih obratov v majhnem gospodarstvu po uvedbi davčnih blagajn: primer Slovenije
No full textBackground and purpose: The aim is to analyse the efficiency of small and medium-sized (SMEs) restaurant enterprises in Slovenia after the government’s implementation of fiscal cash registers in January 2016. Strict financial supervision and the introduction of fiscal cash registers resulted in increased officially registered sales revenues, higher taxes, and more available and reliable financial data. No previous study has analysed restaurants’ efficiency in the country, as, due to fiscal malpractice, accounting data have not provided a reliable source for accurate efficiency evaluation.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Efficiency was assessed using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), based on secondary-financial data provided by the national tax authorities. Data were gathered from 142 independently run restaurant SMEs in 2017.
Results: The average efficiency score of Slovene restaurant SMEs is 85%, which indicates that, on average, restaurants have to increase their efficiency level by 15% in order to improve their efficiency according to the most efficient (best-performing) units under comparison. Our research results indicate a relatively successful and comparable level of efficiency performance in comparison to those found in previous international studies. The results also reveal that the patterns of conducting business operations in terms of efficient management are relatively similar across the restaurant sector. Surprisingly, in terms of determining the influence of different groups of operational variables on restaurants’ efficiency performance, the research results indicate that only operational financial variables (costs of goods sold, labour costs, and depreciation) influence efficiency performance, while managers’ demographic characteristics (gender, age, education, years of experience) and restaurants’ physical characteristics (size, number of competitors, location) have no statistically significant influence on restaurants’ efficiency in achieving net sales revenues.
Conclusion: Secondary-financial data represent a valuable source of information for restaurant companies’ efficiency analysis. The use of selected variables enables an internationally comparable benchmarking process and facilitates the improvement of restaurants’ efficiency performance. It is suggested that future research include longitudinal data and focus on the systematic analysis of other variables (e.g., managers’ psychographic characteristics) that might influence restaurants’ efficiency performance.
Keywords: DEA; efficiency measurement; restaurant industry; SloveniaOzadje in namen: Namen raziskave je analizirati učinkovitost malih in srednje velikih prehrambnih gostinskih obratov v Sloveniji po uvedbi davčnih blagajn leta 2016. Zaradi strožjega finančnega nadzora so se povečali uradno evidentirani prihodki od prodaje gostinskih podjetij. Rezultati strožjega nadzora se odražajo tudi v povečanju nabora razpoložljivih in zanesljivih finančnih podatkov. Predhodne študije s področja učinkovitosti le-te niso analizirale na osnovi finančnih indikatorjev, saj računovodski podatki niso predstavljali zanesljivega vira za analizo učinkovitosti poslovanja.
Oblikovanje / metodologija / pristop: Učinkovitost je bila analizirana z uporabo metode podatkovnih ovojnic (DEA). V raziskavi so bili uporabljeni tako sekundarni finančni podatki, katere smo pridobili iz javno dostopnih podatkovnih baz ter primarni podatki, ki vključujejo demografske značilnosti menedžerjev in fizične značilnosti gostinskih obratov. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 142 prehrambnih gostinskih obratov, ki sodijo v kategorijo mikro, majhnih in srednje velikih podjetij ter na trgu prehrambnega gostinstva neodvisno ter v komercialne namene opravljajo dejavnost prehrambnega gostinstva.
Rezultati: Povprečna učinkovitost slovenskih prehrambnih gostinskih obratov, ki so bili vključeni v vzorec, znaša 85%, kar kaže na to, da morajo gostinski obrati v povprečju povečati svojo učinkovitost za 15%, da bi izboljšali svojo učinkovitost glede na najučinkovitejše (najuspešnejše) enote v preučevanem vzorcu. Rezultati naše raziskave, v primerjavi z rezultati predhodnih mednarodnih študij, nakazujejo na primerljivo raven učinkovitosti slovenskih prehrambnih gostinskih obratov. Iz rezultatov raziskave prav tako izhaja, da so poslovne prakse, v smislu učinkovitega upravljanja, dokaj podobne v celotni dejavnosti prehrambnega gostinstva. Izpostaviti velja tudi ugotovitev, da na učinkovitost poslovanja prehrambnih gostinskih obratov, ki so bili vključeni v vzorec, vplivajo zgolj določene finančne spremenljivke oz. vrste poslovnih odhodkov (stroški prodanih proizvodov, blaga in storitev ter stroški dela in amortizacija), medtem ko demografske značilnosti menedžerjev (spol, starost, izobrazba, izkušnje) ter fizične značilnosti obratov (velikost, konkurenca in lokacija) nimajo statistično značilnega vpliva na doseženo stopnjo učinkovitosti in višino poslovnih prihodkov iz prodaje.
Zaključek: Sekundarni finančni podatki predstavljajo dragocen vir informacij za analizo učinkovitosti poslovanja prehrambnih gostinskih podjetij. Uporaba izbranih finančnih spremenljivk omogoča mednarodno primerjavo učinkovitosti poslovanja. Predlagamo, da se v prihodnje raziskave vključijo longitudinalni finančni podatki ter nekatere še ne-preučene vrste spremenljivk, kot so na primer psihografske značilnosti menedžerjev.
Ključne besede: DEA; merjenje učinkovitosti; prehrambno gostinstvo; Slovenij
Trajnost in trženje trajnosti v tekmovanju za naziv Evropske prestolnice kulture
No full textBackground and Purpose: An analysis of the dimension of sustainability in the context of competing for the title of the European Capital of Culture (ECoC) is included in the article. The authors of the research agree that the proper integration of cultural policy into the social system impacts and changes cultural values and beliefs, shifting them towards sustainable behaviour and sustainability. Many authors analyse the interrelation between culture and sustainability, thus defining the role of culture for sustainability. However, few discuss possible approaches or tools, which may offer assistance in the matter of how to reach sustainability in the context of culture.
Design/ Methodology/ Approach: Research is based on the comparative analysis of the applications of the respective cities. The TBL methodology is implemented using the content analysis method as a tool. The outcomes of the content analysis are then used for the elaboration of the qualitative multi-attribute model using the DEX methodology.
Results: While analysing bidding documents for the ECoC we: a) define the importance of the marketing plan (described as a comprehensive action) and b) argue that ECoC marketing needs to be turned to “sustainability marketing” as it is described and defined by many authors.
Conclusions: The ECoC Commission should consider the importance of culture for sustainable development and, respectively, should evaluate the marketing plan of applicants under the sustainability framework.Ozadje in namen: V članku je predstavljena analiza razsežnosti trajnosti v kontekstu konkuriranja za naslov Evropske prestolnice kulture (EPK). Avtorji raziskave se strinjajo, da ustrezno vključevanje kulturne politike v družbeni sistem vpliva na in spreminja kulturne vrednote in prepričanja v smeri trajnostnega vedenja in trajnosti. Mnogi avtorji analizirajo medsebojno povezanost med kulturo in trajnostjo, s čimer opredeljujejo vlogo kulture za trajnost. Vendar le redki razpravljajo o možnih pristopih ali orodjih, ki lahko nudijo pomoč pri tem, kako doseči trajnost v kontekstu kulture.
Zasnova / metodologija / pristop: Raziskava temelji na primerjalni analizi vlog posameznih mest. Metodologija TBL se izvaja z uporabo metode analize vsebine kot orodja. Rezultate analize vsebine nato uporabimo za izdelavo kvalitativnega multi-atributnega modela z metodo DEX.
Rezultati: Pri analizi dokumentacije za zbiranje ponudb za EPK smo: a) opredelili pomen trženjskega načrta (opisanega kot celovit ukrep) in b) ugotovili, da je treba trženje ECoC obrniti na „trženje trajnosti“, kot to opisujejo in opredeljujejo v mnogi avtorji.
Zaključki: Komisija za izbor EPK bi morala upoštevati pomen kulture za trajnostni razvoj in bi morala oceniti tržni načrt prosilcev v okviru trajnostnega okvira
Vpliv učiteljeve zaznave ravnateljevih vedenj, ki opolnomočijo na dimenzije psihološkega opolnomočenja: primer slovenskega vzorca
No full textBackground and Purpose: School leader has an effect on teachers in divergent ways. If school leader wants their teachers to be successful and satisfied, he or she must have the potential to prompt work conditions that build up teachers’ psychological empowerment. Main aim of our research was to empirically test the relations between teachers’ perceptions of school leaders’ empowering behaviours and all dimensions of psychological empowerment (meaning, competence, self-determination and impact).
Design/Methodology/Approach: We tested four hypotheses in one structural model by using structural equation modelling (SEM). The quantitative data was collected through an online survey on a sample of 525 primary school teachers in Slovenia by using two already validated questionnaires, The School Leader Empowering Behaviours (SLEB) and Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire (PEQ).
Results: Findings show that teachers’ perceptions of school leaders’ empowering behaviours are positively and statistically significantly related to all dimensions of psychological empowerment (meaning, competence, self-determination and impact).
Conclusion: Knowledge of psychological empowerment can be beneficial for school leaders, because with this comprehension they can strengthen apprehension and potential in exercising empowering behaviours towards their teachers to maximize their psychological empowerment.
Keywords: HRM; leadership; psychological empowerment; SEMOzadje in namen: Ravnatelj na različne načine vpliva na učitelje. Ravnatelj, ki si želi uspešnih in zadovoljnih učiteljev, je sposoben ustvariti delovne pogoje, ki vplivajo na povečanje psihološkega opolnomočenja učiteljev. Glavni cilj naše raziskave je bil empirično preveriti razmerje med učiteljevimi zaznavami ravnateljevih vedenj, ki opolnomočijo in dimenzijami psihološkega opolnomočenja učiteljev (pomen, kompetentnost, samodoločenost in vpliv).
Oblikovanje/Metodologija/Pristop: S pomočjo strukturnega modeliranja (SEM) smo testirali štiri hipoteze v enem strukturnem modelu. Podatke za raziskavo smo zbrali s pomočjo spletne ankete, ki je bila izvedena med 525 slovenskimi učitelji, zaposlenimi v osnovnih šolah. Za merjenje učiteljevih zaznav ravnateljevih vedenj, ki opolnomočijo smo uporabili vprašalnik SLEB avtorjev Lee in Nie, za merjenje dimenzij psihološkega opolnomočenja pa Spreitzerin PEQ.
Rezultati: Rezultati raziskave kažejo, da učiteljeva zaznava ravnateljevih vedenj, ki opolnomočijo, pozitivno in statistično značilno vpliva na vse dimenzije psihološkega opolnomočenja učiteljev (pomen, kompetentnost, samodoločenost in vpliv).
Sklep: Poznavanje psihološkega opolnomočenja je za ravnatelje izjemnega pomena, predvsem pa je ključno, da ravnatelji ozavestijo svoje veščine vodenje in s povečanjem vedenj, ki opolnomočijo učitelje, ustvarijo delovno okolje, ki bo učitelje še bolj opolnomočilo. Raziskave na področju ravnateljevega vodenja so dokaj nove, zato je opravljena raziskava prispevala nova spoznanja na področju vodenja v vzgoji in izobraževanju ter področju psihologije dela.
Ključne besede: HRM; vodenje; psihološko opolnomočenje; SE
Evaluacija vpliva makro-okolja na družbeno inovacijsko dejavnost podjetij
No full textBackground: Nowadays the emphasis on social components in the general mainstream of innovation activity is one of the strongest grounds for the successful functioning and development of enterprises. In several countries, social innovation activity is becoming a product of business in general, with associated expectations regarding profit.
Objectives: The goal of the article is to develop a toolkit for the evaluation of the influence of the macro-environment on the social innovation activity (SIA) of enterprises.
Method: The methodology includes elements of theoretical and empirical research with the implementation of methods such as a literature review, all types of analysis, and methods of aggregation and integration. Questionnaires were used as a means of data collection.
Results: The general methodological framework of diagnostics of the SIA macro-environment is distinguished. Based on a theoretical analysis of the SIA ecosystem and the experience of operating enterprises, the main factors of SIA macro-environment are determined. The general integrated index and its five-level interpretational model are proposed as a measure for the evaluation of the SIA macro-environment.
Conclusion: The results presented provide data necessary for the argumentation of SIA strategy and tactics, as well as investment policy in this sphere.Ozadje: Danes je poudarek na družbenih komponentah v inovacijske dejavnosti eden najmočnejših dejavnikov za uspešno delovanje in razvoj podjetij. V številnih državah postaja dejavnost družbeno inovacijske aktivnosti podjetja del poslovnega procesa, povezana s pričakovanji glede dobička.
Cilji: Cilj članka je razviti orodje za ovrednotenje vpliva makroekonomskega okolja na družbeno inovacijsko dejavnost podjetij.
Metoda: Uporabljena metodologija vključuje elemente teoretičnih in empiričnih raziskav z izvajanjem metod, kot so pregled literature, različne vrste analiz in metode združevanja in integracije. Vprašalniki so bili uporabljeni kot sredstvo za zbiranje podatkov.
Rezultati: Razvili smo splošen metodološki okvir diagnostike makro okolice družbeno inovacijsko dejavnost. Na podlagi teoretične analize ekosistema družbeno inovacijsko dejavnosti in izkušenj konkretnih podjetij smo določili glavne dejavnike makro-okolja družbeno inovacijsko dejavnosti. Kot merilo za ovrednotenje makro okolij družbeno inovacijsko dejavnosti so predlagani splošni integrirani indeks in njegov pet plastni interpretacijski model.
Zaključek: Predstavljeni rezultati omogočajo pridobiti podatke, ki so potrebni za utemeljitev strategije in taktike družbeno inovacijsko dejavnosti ter naložbene politike na tem področju
Mehanizmi upravljanja informatike in situacijski dejavniki: na poti k razvoju prilagodljivega modela upravljanja informatike
No full textBackground and Purpose: In this paper, we aim to propose a guideline for further research towards development of an adaptive strategic IT governance (ITG) model for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The use of IT has the potential to be the major driver for success, as well it provides an opportunity to achieve competitive advantage and support digital transformation. In order to achieve IT benefits, enterprises need an effective and successful ITG model, which follows and adapts to business needs. Available ITG models are too generic and do not differentiate for enterprises of different industry, size, maturity etc.
Methodology: In order to review existing ITG mechanisms, their definitions and identify contingency factors, we performed an extensive literature review (LR). For the initial set of databases, we used the list of journals, which are indexed in the Journal Citation Reports. We also used Web of Science to identify articles with the highest number of citations.
Results: This paper provides the most important definitions of ITG and proposes its comprehensive definition. Next to this, we introduce ITG mechanisms, which are crucial for the effective implementation and use of ITG. Lastly, we identify contingency factors that influence ITG implementation and its use.
Conclusion: Despite extensive research in ITG area, considerable work is still needed to improve understanding of ITG, its definition and mechanisms. Multiple efforts to develop methods for governing IT failed to achieve any significant adoption rate of ITG mechanisms. To enable ITG to become an integral part of Corporate Governance, further research needs to focus on the development of an adaptive strategic ITG model. In this paper, we propose a next step for more practical method for ITG implementation and its use.
Keywords: IT Governance; ITG mechanisms; ITG contingency factors; ITG frameworkOzadje in namen: Namen članka je določiti smer nadaljnjega raziskovanja pri razvoju prilagodljivega modela strateškega upravljanja informatike, za srednje velika podjetja. Danes ima IT potencial, da kot izvor konkurenčne prednosti in tržne diferenciacije, postane gonilna sila uspeha v podjetju. IT lahko omogoči razvoj, digitalno preobrazbo in s tem dolgoročni obstoj podjetja. Eden izmed ključnih pogojev za učinkovito in uspešno uporabo IT-ja v podjetjih, je v upravljanju informatike (UI), ki sledi in se prilagaja poslovnim potrebam podjetja. Trenutni modeli UI so generični in razviti predvsem za potrebe velikih podjetij. Tovrstni modeli v srednje velikih podjetjih ne delujejo in prav tako niso prenosljivi znotraj podjetij iste panoge, velikosti in zrelosti.
Zasnova/metodologija/pristop: Za opredelitev UI, njenih mehanizmov in situacijskih dejavnikov, smo uporabili metodologijo raziskovanja poglobljeni pregled literature. Za začetni nabor podatkovnih baz smo uporabili revije, ki so indeksirane v bazi podatkov Journal Citation Reports. Za določitev relevantnih člankov z največjim indeksom citiranja, smo uporabili storitev Web of Science.
Rezultati: Prispevek članka k znanstveni literaturi je v pregledu trenutnih definicij UI in predlagani celoviti opredelitvi UI. V okviru članka so predstavljeni mehanizmi UI, ki so ključni za uspešno implementacijo in uporabo modelov UI. Predstavljeni so tudi situacijski dejavniki, ki vplivajo na UI, njeno uvedbo in samo uporabo.
Zaključek: Čeprav je UI predmet mnogih obravnav, tako med raziskovalci kot praktiki, še vedno ostaja slabo razumljeno področje, ki se nenehno razvija. Številni poskusi razvoja modelov UI niso znatno prispevali k širši uporabi in uvedbi le teh. UI je še vedno na nizkem nivoju, posebej to velja za majhna in srednje velika podjetja. Da bi UI dejansko postalo del korporacijskega upravljanja podjetja, se morajo tako praktiki kot raziskovalci, osredotočiti na razvoj prilagodljivih in praktično uporabnih modelov UI. V tem članku so predlagani naslednji koraki k razvoju prilagodljivega modela strateškega UI.
Ključne besede: upravljanje informatike (UI); mehanizmi UI; situacijski dejavniki UI; modeli U
Obseg razkritij bank v letnih poročilih: primer bank v Sloveniji
No full textBackground and Purpose: Many studies have explored the disclosures in annual reports of companies. Annual reports of banks differ significantly from annual reports of other business entities, particularly in terms of disclosed items. The aim of this article is to investigate the level of disclosures and which factors influence the level of disclosure in the annual reports of banks in Slovenia.
Design/Methodology/Approach: We have observed disclosures of all banks in Slovenia for year 2012 and 2015. The factors as used in the study are age, size, the government share, profitability and complexity of a bank. Our disclosure checklist consists of 144 voluntary and mandatory items. Statistical analysis is performed using linear regression analysis.
Results: The average score for banks in Slovenia is near 94 points or 63% of all possible disclosures. The results of analyses indicated positive associations and statistical correlations between the level of disclosure in annual reports and the size of a bank, the share of government ownership and negative statistical influence of the age of bank on the level of disclosure. Our results do not show statistically significant correlation between the level of disclosure and a bank’s profitability and complexity, which is against theory and findings from other similar research.
Conclusion: In our opinion, results well reflect the Slovenian banking system and how banks reveal their information. Our finding is that banks in Slovenia provide less information to the public compared to the average companies in other branches or banks in similarly developed countries. The paper’s main contribution is to deepen our knowledge about disclosures in the bank’s annual reports and the answers what are the influential factors of disclosures for banks.
Keywords: government ownership; information disclosures; ages; SloveniaOzadje in cilji: Mnoge študije raziskujejo razkritja informacij v letnih poročilih podjetij. Letna poročila bank se pomembno razlikujejo od letnih poročil drugih poslovnih subjektov, zlasti v pogledu razkritij. Cilj tega članka je raziskati raven razkritij in ugotoviti katere dejavnike vplivajo na raven razkritij v letnih poročilih bank v Sloveniji.
Zasnova / metodologija / pristop: Opazovali smo razkritja vseh bank v Sloveniji za leti 2012 in 2015. Proučevani vplivni dejavniki v študiji so: starost, velikost, delež države, donosnost in kompleksnost banke. Kontrolni seznam za merjenje obsega razkritij je sestavljen iz 144 prostovoljnih in obveznih postavk. Statistična obdelava zbranih podatkov je izvedena z linearno regresijsko analizo.
Rezultati: Povprečni rezultat razkritij v letnem poročilu banke v Sloveniji je blizu 94 točk ali 63% vseh možnih točk za razkritja. Rezultati analiz kažejo statistično značilne povezave in vpliv velikosti banke in deležem državnega lastništva na stopnjo razkritij, ter negativni statistično značilen vpliv starosti banke na raven razkritij. Dobljeni rezultati, presenetljivo, ne kažejo vpliv donosnosti banke na stopnjo razkrivanja, kar je proti teoriji in ugotovitvam iz drugih podobnih raziskav.
Zaključek: Glavni prispevek raziskave je poglobitev znanja o razkritjih v letnih poročilih bank. Po našem mnenju rezultati dobro odražajo slovenski bančni sistem in kako banke razkrivajo svoje informacije. Članek prispeva k akademski literaturi odgovore na vprašanje, kaj so vplivni dejavniki razkritij, in da banke v Sloveniji zagotavljajo manj informacij javnosti, v primerjavi s povprečjem razkritij v drugih dejavnostih ali primerljivo razvitih državah. Lahko rečemo, da banke v Sloveniji s svojim razkrivanjem informacij ne gradijo večjega zaupanja vlagateljev in javnosti v njihovo poslovanje.
Ključne besede: lastništvo države; razkrivanje informacij; starost; Slovenij
Prehod mladih iz študija v zaposlitev v luči študentskega dela
No full textBackground and Purpose: We are living in a time of accelerated globalization, which has a far-reaching impact for youth employment. Therefore, the paper presents the problem of the transition of tertiary educated young people into the working environment in terms of the importance of education and gaining work experience during their studies. The main purpose of the study was to analyze the attitudes and thinking of students regarding the selection of studies and work experience that young people are gaining during their studies with student work in connection with their job prospects.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The data used in our research come from a broader research on Slovenian Youths (SY) dating back to 2013. Among all the respondents of SY we selected those who classified themselves as students aged between 19 and 24, who filled out the part of the questionnaire pertaining to employment. The research hypotheses were tested with the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent samples t-test.
Results: We found that among students who chose to study for different reasons there were differences in the belief that they will immediately find employment after graduating. We also found that between those students who supported themselves during their studies and those who only studied there were differences in individual statements regarding their transition from education to employment. We concluded that work during their studies, especially in the field of the profession they were studying for, had a positive impact on the thinking of students pertaining to the transition toward employment.
Conclusion: The analysis of employment issues faced by young people with tertiary education was supported by empirical data, while in conclusion suggestions for improvement were presented. The article also deepens the understanding of the problems of youth employment in a broader perspective and the understanding of the observed developments in society.
Keywords: youth employment; tertiary education; work experience; job searchOzadje in namen: Smo v času pospešene globalizacije, ki ima daljnosežen vpliv na zaposlovanje mladih. Zato v prispevku predstavljamo problematiko prehoda terciarno izobraženih mladih v delovno okolje z vidika pomena izobraževanja in pridobivanja delovnih izkušenj med študijem. Glavni namen raziskave je bil analizirati stališča in razmišljanja študentov glede izbora študija in delovnih izkušenj, ki jih mladi pridobivajo med študijem s študentskim delom v povezavi z njihovimi pričakovanji glede zaposlitve.
Zasnova/metodologija/pristop: Vir podatkov je predstavljala raziskava Slovenska Mladina iz leta 2013. V vzorcu smo zajeli tiste, ki so imeli status študenta in so bili stari med 19 in 24 let ter so izpolnili del vprašalnika, ki se je nanašal na zaposlitev. Raziskovalne hipoteze smo testirali z analizo variance in t-testom za neodvisna vzorca.
Rezultati: Ugotovili smo, da med študenti, ki so izbrali študij iz različnih razlogov, obstajajo razlike v prepričanju, da bodo takoj po študiju našli zaposlitev. Ugotovili smo tudi, da med študenti, ki poleg študija delajo in tistimi, ki samo študirajo, obstajajo razlike v posameznih izjavah glede njihovega prehoda iz izobraževanja v zaposlitev. Zaključili smo, da delo med študijem, še posebej na področju stroke pozitivno vpliva na razmišljanja študentov glede prehoda v zaposlitev.
Zaključek: Aktualna obravnava problematike zaposlovanja terciarno izobraženih mladih je podprta z empiričnimi podatki, v zaključku pa so podani predlogi za izboljšanje stanja. Članek tako pripomore k razumevanju problematike zaposlovanja mladih s širšega vidika in k razumevanju opazovanih dogajanj v družbi.
Ključne besede: zaposlovanje mladih; terciarna izobrazba; delovne izkušnje; iskanje zaposlitv
Vpliv strahu pred krajo identitete in zaznavo tveganja na namero nakupa prek spleta
No full textBackground and Purpose: Online activities are present in almost every aspect of people’s daily lives. Online purchases are also increasing each year and therefore it is important to investigate what influences online purchase intentions. Online purchase intentions are among everything else, influenced by the fear of identity theft and perceived risk.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The online survey was conducted among 190 participants from Slovenia. The
relations between the constructs of fear of financial losses, fear of reputational damage, perceived risk and online
purchase intention were investigated.
Results: The research showed that the relations between the constructs of fear of financial losses, fear of reputational damage, perceived risk are positive and the relation between the constructs of perceived risk and online purchase intention were negative. All of the relations were statistically significant.
Conclusion: Understanding the impact of fear of identity theft and perceived risk on online purchase intention can be helpful for online sellers, because with these findings they can manage this fear and perceived risk to increase online purchase intention and address the risks accordingly. Online sellers should therefore regard new findings from the field of online sales. If an online store wants to have success in sales, they should consider all sides of customers’ desires as well as their restraints.
Keywords: e-commerce; fear of identity theft; online purchase intention; perceived risk; SEMOzadje in namen: Spletna aktivnosti so del skoraj vsakega vidika vsakodnevnega življenja ljudi. Prav tako se vsako leto povečujejo spletni nakupi, zaradi česar je pomembno proučevati, kaj vpliva na namero nakupa prek spleta. Na namere nakupa prek spleta med drugim vplivata tudi strah pred krajo identitete in zaznavo tveganja.
Oblika/Metodologija/Pristop: Spletna raziskava je bila izvedena na vzorcu 190-ih udeležencih iz Slovenije. Povezavemed konstrukti strahu pred finančno izgubo, strahu pred izgubo ugleda, zaznavo tveganja in namero nakupa prek spleta so bile proučevane.
Rezultati: Raziskava je pokazala, da so povezave med konstrukti strahu pred finančno izgubo, strahu pred izgubo ugleda in zaznavo tveganja pozitivne ter, da je povezava med konstruktoma zaznave tveganja in namero nakupa prek spleta negativna. Vse povezave so bile statistično značilne.
Zaključek: Razumevanje vpliva strahu pred krajo identitete in zaznavo tveganja na namero nakupa prek spleta je lahko koristno za spletne prodajalce, saj lahko s temi ugotovitvami upravljajo ta strah in zaznavo tveganja za povečanje namere nakupa prek spleta in ustrezno obravnavajo tveganja. Spletni prodajalci morajo zato upoštevati nove ugotovitve s področja spletne prodaje. Če si spletna trgovina želi imeti uspešno prodajo, mora upoštevati tako želje uporabnikov kot njihove zadržke..
Ključne besede: e-trgovanje, strah pred krajo identitete, namera nakupa prek spleta, zaznava tveganja, SE