Organization - Journal of Management, Informatics and Human Resources / Organizacija - Revija za management, informatiko in kadre (University of Maribor)
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Vodenje proizvodnje polimerizacije z uporabo proizvodnih kazalnikov učinkovitosti
No full textThe specifics of process manufacturing have a great influence on production management. The focus of proc tion control is to maintain stable and cost-effective production within given constraints. The synthesis of produ structures is thus recognized as one of the most important design problems in process-production management proposes a closed-loop control structure with the utilization of production-performance indicators (pPIs) as a poss to this problem. Suggested concept takes into account also economic issues of production. pPIs represent the tr operating objectives, such as the minimization of production costs, to a reduced set of control variables that can th in a feedback control. The idea of production-feedback control using production pPIs as controlled variables was im on a procedural model of a production process for a polymerization plant. Preliminary results demonstrate the u the proposed methodology. At the implementation stage we must be aware that appropriate IT system has to which ensures needed online production data.Posebnosti procesne industrije imajo velik vpliv na vodenje proizvodnje. Poudarek vodenja proizvodnje v tovrstnih indus- trijah je na vzdrževanju stabilne in stroškovno učinkovite proizvodnje znotraj danih omejitev. Načrtovanje strukture sistema vodenja proizvodnje tako predstavlja enega izmed najbolj zahtevnih problemov. Kot možna rešitev omenjenega problema je v prispevku predlagan koncept zaprtozančnega vodenja z uporabo proizvodnih kazalnikov učinkovitosti (pPIs). Predlagan koncept upošteva tudi ekonomski vidik proizvodnje. Uporaba kazalnikov učinkovitosti omogoča prevedbo doseganja globalnih ciljev proizvodnje (npr. minimizacijo proizvodnih stroškov) v ustrezno izvedeno zaprtozančno vodenje izbrane podmnožice procesnih veličin. Ideja zaprtozančnega vodenja, kjer kazalnike pPI uporabimo kot regulirane veličine, je bila preizkušena na proceduralnem modelu proizvodnega procesa polimerizacije. Preliminarni rezultati kažejo na uporabnost predlagane metod- ologije ob predpogoju,, da je v fazi implementacije potrebno zagotoviti ustrezno informacijsko podporo za zagotavljanje vseh potrebnih podatkov za vodenje proizvodnje
Sonaravni razvoj med kmetijstvom, okoljem in energetiko
Get PDFThis paper analyzes opinions o development potentials of agricultural production and use of renewable sources of energy in sustainable development between rational use of energy and agricultural production for energy use in Gorenjska. The interviews and survey analysis with the secondary school scholars are conducted. The survey data are analyzed by correlation analysis and multivariate factor analysis. With multivariate factor analysis we have found causalities between the common factors of alternative renewable sources of energy and rational use of energy with sustainable environmental development and competitive agricultural production for energy use. Among the common factors of the alternative renewable sources of energy and rational use of energy there are found as the most important factors with the highest weights pertained to variables of the alternative sources of energy, rational use of energy, investments in research and development, and surplus of agricultural produce to be devoted for demands at the energy markets. Factor of sustainable ecological development is found as the important single common factor of environment. Among the factors of competitive agricultural production for energy use, there are found as important prices of agricultural produce. Among fuels, bio-diesel, energetic plants and agricultural wastes are found as important alternative agricultural-energetic sources, whereas among the renewable sources of energy there are found bio-gas, wood bio-mass and solar energy. Investments in new technologies are sensitive on economics policies and practices in the areas of renewable sources of energy.Analizirana so mnenja o potencialih kmetijske proizvodnje in rabi obnovljivih virov energije v sonaravnem razvoju med varčno rabo energije in kmetijsko pridelavo za potrebe energetike na Gorenjskem. Uporabljeni so intervjuji in anketa med srednje- šolci, ki je bila obdelana s korelacijsko in multivariatno faktorsko analizo. S faktorsko analizo je bila ugotovljena povezanost med alternativnimi obnovljivimi viri energije in varčno rabo energije s sonaravnim razvojem in presežki za energetiko. Med alternativnimi obnovljivimi viri energije in varčno rabo energije so najpomembnejši dejavniki alternativni viri energije, varčna raba energije, vlaganja v raziskave in razvoj ter presežki za energetiko. Sonaravni ekološki razvoj je ugotovljen kot samostojna skupina dejavnikov okolja. Med dejavniki konkurenčne kmetijske pridelave za potrebe energetike so pomembne cene pridel- kov. Biodizel, energetske rastline in gnojevka so pomembne alternativne kmetijsko-energetske surovine. Med obnovljivimi viri energije so pomembni bioplin, lesna biomasa in sončna energija. Naložbe v nove tehnologije so povezane z ekonomskimi politikami in praksami na tem področj
Pomen informacij za prepoznavanje poslovnih priložnosti
No full textManagers need a lot of knowledge and information to make decisions and recognize business opportunities. They can acquire this knowledge and information in different ways. Accounting information, particularly information relating to the creditworthiness of business partners and competitors, is important. Such information, which can contain non-accounting information, is often derived from annual reports. The fastest and cheapest way of accessing information is via the Internet. Because searching for information about different businesses on their Web sites can be time consuming, a quicker, more efficient option is to access this information on databases that contain useful information relating to the majority of businesses in the country. In this paper, we discuss the importance of knowledge and information for recognizing business opportunities. We also analyze the appropriateness of accounting information available from five of the most widely used databases concerning Slovene and Croatian businesses, for estimating the creditworthiness of businesses.Za odločanje in prepoznavanje poslovnih priložnosti potrebujejo managerji veliko znanja in informacij. Pridobijo jih lahko na različne načine. Pomemben del informacij predstavljajo računovodske informacije med katerimi imajo poseben pomen bonitetne informacije o poslovnih partnerjih in konkurentih. Zajemajo informacije iz letnih poročil in mnoge druge informacije. Bonitetne informacije lahko vključujejo tudi neračunovodske informacije. Najhitrejši in najcenejši način pridobivanja informacij je preko interneta. Iskanje informacij o podjetjih iz posameznih spletnih strani vsakega izmed proučevanih podjetij je lahko zelo zamudno, zato lahko koristno uporabimo baze podatkov, ki vključujejo podatke o večini podjetij v določeni državi. Na internetu lahko najdemo veliko število takšnih baz podatkov. Nekatere izmed njih vsebujejo bolj uporabne, druge pa manj uporabne informacije. V prispevku proučujemo pomen znanja in informacij za prepoznavanje poslovnih priložnosti in primerjalno analiziramo primernost računovodskih informacij vsebovanih v petih najbolj uporabljanih bazah podatkov z informacijami o slovenskih in hrvaških podjetjih za oceno bonitete podjeti
Vpliv dejavnikov izobraževanja na evalvacijo izobraževanja
No full textThe article presents the results of the mutual impacts of factors, which, according to participants, affect the evaluation of performed training courses. The correlation analysis of six variables used in the presented evaluation model shows the connection between the evaluation of instructor’s performance and the evaluation of the content of the training course. There is also the connection between the evaluation of handouts and the content of the course, as well as the connection between the evaluation of handouts and the performance evaluation of the instructor. Another important finding is that there is no connection between the evaluation of the training organization and the evaluation of the training impact on participants’ jobs. In the second part of our analysis, we used the factor and later the regression analysis to establish the effect of the new acquired knowledge on participants’ work performance, and came to a very interesting conclusion, which could explain 23.7% of impact variance of acquired knowledge to participants’ performance.V članku smo preučevali medsebojne vplive posameznih dejavnikov, ki po mnenju udeležencev vplivajo na oceno izvedenih izobraževanj. S predstavljenim modelom evalvacije izobraževanja smo s korelacijsko analizo med šestimi spremenljivkami ugotovili, da obstaja odvisnost med oceno predavatelja ter oceno vsebine izobraževanja, prav tako obstaja povezava med oceno gradiva in oceno vsebine izobraževanja ter med oceno gradiva in oceno predavatelja. Pomemben podatek je tudi ugotovitev, da ni odvisnosti med oceno organizacije izobraževanja in oceno vpliva izobraževanja na nadaljnje delo. S faktorsko in kasneje regresijsko analizo pa smo v drugem delu raziskave še ugotavljali, kolikšen je vpliv pridobljenega znanja na nadaljnje delo ter pridobili zelo zanimiv podatek, s katerim lahko pojasnimo kar 23,7% variance vpliva pridobljenega znanja na uspešnost pri delu
Funkcionalno izobraževanje turističnih delavcev za delo z gosti s posebnimi potrebami
Get PDFDevelopment plan and directions of Slovene tourism 2007-2011 is focused on human resources, which take main part in gaining and maintaining competitive edge. Working with guests with special needs, which is raising its importance in the field of tourism, is demanding new knowledge from those employed in tourism. So far this knowledge isn't offered by any of the formal institutions, regardless of the fact that this group, including elderly people, will become one of the largest groups in tourism. The aim of the article is to present informal ways of education for working with disabled in tourism, to present contents of the program, and ways of approaching and gaining this knowledge. Our research in willingness to gain the special skills was performed in Ljubljana with people who work in tourism and who are all members of sector HoReCa/Ta in the city.Development plan and directions of Slovene tourism 2007-2011 is focused on human resources, which take main part in gaining and maintaining competitive edge. Working with guests with special needs, which is raising its importance in the field of tourism, is demanding new knowledge from those employed in tourism. So far this knowledge isn't offered by any of the formal institutions, regardless of the fact that this group, including elderly people, will become one of the largest groups in tourism. The aim of the article is to present informal ways of education for working with disabled in tourism, to present contents of the program, and ways of approaching and gaining this knowledge. Our research in willingness to gain the special skills was performed in Ljubljana with people who work in tourism and who are all members of sector HoReCa/Ta in the city
Neprestano revidiranje kot nadgradnja funkcionalnosti programa ACL
Get PDFACL (Audit Command Language) is a software application for data analysis. It is used to analyze large quantities of data (e. g. the whole population and not just a sample).The use of ACL saves time, increases the quality and the reliability of the audit work done. The purpose of this paper is to show how the ACL functions, and how can be made steps towards continuous auditing. The functionalities that are offered by ACL enable the user to analyze large quantities of data (the whole population), automatic marking of work (commands) and the respective results. There are even higher added value such as continuous auditing, the ability of users (e. g. auditors) to make analyses of data directly on the production databases (Oracle and many more), which lead to independence from the IT department and many more advantages.The purpose is to show also the weaknesses and the risks when using ACL for the continuous auditing process. It is mentioned what activities an organization has to perform in order to increase advantages of ACL and to lower the risks to an acceptable level.ACL je program za potrebe analiziranja podatkov. Z ACL-om je mogoče analizirati velike količine podatkov, torej kar celotno populacijo in ne samo vzorec podatkov. Osrednji del članka je predstavitev programa ACL (Audit Command Language), hkrati pa prikazuje možnosti in pomen neprestanega revidiranja, ki predstavlja nadgradnjo funkcionalnosti ACL-a. ACL omogoča lažje, učinkovitejše, zanesljivejše, torej kakovostnejše spremljanje, pregledovanje ter kontroliranje podatkov in poročanje o izsledkih. Uporaba ACL-a tako omogoča prihranek na času, povečano kvaliteto kakor tudi zanesljivost opravljenega revizijskega dela. ACL razpolaga s funkcionalnostmi, kot je sposobnost analiziranja velikih količin podatkov - celotne populacije podatkov, avtomatskega beleženja revizijskega dela (ukazov) in rezultatov le-teh. Omogoča pa tudi dodatne funkcionalnosti, kot sta neprestano revidiranje in sposobnost, da uporabniki (npr. revizorji) izvajajo analize podatkov kar direktno na produkcijskih podatkovnih bazah (Oracle in mnoge druge), s čimer je poleg drugih prednosti zagotovljena neodvisnost od sektorja informatike. Namen je tudi pokazati, kakšne so slabosti in tveganja pri implementaciji sistema neprestanega revidiranja s pomočjo ACL-a. V članku so omenjene aktivnosti, ki jih mora organizacija izvesti, da bi bila zagotovljena kar največje koristi od ACL-a, ter kaj je potrebno, da se tveganja zmanjšajo na sprejemljivo nizek nivo
Družbeni razredi in družbena mobilnost v Sloveniji in Evropi
No full textIn closed social systems the social position of an individual is determined by the social position of the family into which he or she was born, whereas in open social systems mobility from one social class to another is possible. This paper concerns the relationship between the class position an individual actually occupies and the class into which he or she was born. First the concept of social class is described and different types of social mobility are presented. Than the research methodology is described and the results are presented and discussed. At the end of the paper certain comparisons to other European countries are madeV zaprtih družbenih sistemih je družbeni položaj posameznika določen s položajem družine že ob človekovem rojstvu. V odprtih družbah pa prihaja do vertikalne in horizontalne družbene mobilnosti, katera je predstavljena v prispevku. V Sloveniji je v času tranzicije mnogo ljudi, zaposlenih v industriji izgubilo službo, po drugi strani pa so se mnogi zaposlili v storitvenih dejavnostih. Stopnja družbene mobilnosti je bila zato zelo velika. V prispevku predstavljamo družbene razrede, različne vrste družbene mobilnosti ter raziskavo družbenih razredov v Sloveniji. Na koncu rezultate primerjamo tudi s stanjem v Evropi
Vrednotenje dejavnikov razvoja kariere medicinskih sester in babic
Get PDFDifferent profiles of health workers are employed there. In this study we have focused on nurses and midwives and their career planning. By studying the factors of career development (planning) we wanted to define their influence on career development of nurses and midwives.A survey in the form of a questionaire proved to be the most appropriate way of examining the impact which the career development factors have on nurses and midwives. Above all it is necessary to point out the inadequate organisation of personnel work and inefficient method of identifying the needs for career development of each individual nurse and midwife. First SPS Gynaecological Hospital will have to reorganise the personnel department in order to deal with the above mentioned problems. The task of the personnel department will not only be to do administrative work, as it has been so far, but also to be responsible for career planning or developing. On the base of built model we could say that annual discussions are the most suitable way of identifying the needs for career planning of each individual nurse or midwifeV SPS Ginekološka klinika so zaposleni različni profili zdravstvenih delavcev. V raziskavi smo se osredotočili na medicinske sestre in babice, na njihovo načrtovanje kariere. S pomočjo preučevanja dejavnikov razvoja karier, uporabo programa DEXI in statističnih metod smo ugotavljali kako le – ti vplivajo na razvoj kariere medicinske sestre in babice. Najbolj verodostojen način ugotavljanja vpliva dejavnikov razvoja kariere na medicinske sestre in babice je anketni vprašalnik. Z opravljeno raziskavo ugotavljamo dvoje: neustrezna organiziranost kadrovske funkcije in ni ustreznega načina ugotavljanja potreb po razvoju kariere posamezne medicinske sestre in babice. Če se v SPS Ginekološka klinika želijo soočiti z omenjeno problematiko bo potrebno prvo opraviti reorganizacijo kadrovske službe, ki ne bo opravljala le nalog kadrovske administracije, kot do sedaj, ampak bodo njene pristojnosti razširjene tudi na skrb za načrtovanje oziroma razvoj kariere. Na podlagi izdelanega modela raziskave lahko z gotovostjo trdimo, da so prav letni razgovori najustreznejši način ugotavljanja potreb po načrtovanju kariere posamezne medicinske sestre in babice
Model povpraševanja po blagovni znamki piva z uporabo analize časovnih vrst
No full textMarket research often uses data (i.e. marketing mix variables) that is equally spaced over time. Time series theory is perfectly suited to study this phenomena’s dependency on time. It is used for forecasting and causality analysis, but their greatest strength is in studying the impact of a discrete event in time, which makes it a powerful tool for marketers. This article introduces the basic concepts behind time series theory and illustrates its current application in marketing research.We use time series analysis to forecast the demand for beer on the Slovenian market using scanner data from two major retail stores. Before our analysis, only broader time spans have been used to perform time series analysis (weekly, monthly, quarterly or yearly data). In our study we analyse daily data, which is supposed to carry a lot of ‘noise’.We show that - even with noise carrying data - a better model can be computed using time series forecasting, explaining much more variance compared to regular regression. Our analysis also confirms the effect of short term sales promotions on beer demand, which is in conformity with other studies in this field.Trženjski raziskovalci pogosto operirajo s podatki, ki so ekvidistančno porazdeljeni v času. Teorija časovnih vrst je primerno orodje za analizo tovrstnih podatkov. Tipično se uporablja za napovedovanje, ugotavljanje vzročnosti pojavov, v trženju pa je največkrat uporabljena pri analizah učinkov diskretnih dogodkov skozi čas. Članek prikaže osnovne koncepte regresijske analize časovnih vrst in predstavi njihovo aplikacijo v trženjskem raziskovanju. S pomočjo analize časovnih vrst postavimo model napovedovanja povpraševanja po znani Slovenski blagovni znamki piva z uporabo POS podatkov z dveh večjih slovenskih hipermarketov. Naša analiza je prva, ki kot podatke zajame dnevno prodajo blagovne znamke (dosedanje so uporabljale širše časovne intervale – tedenska, mesečna ali celo letna prodaja). Slabost dnevne prodaje naj bi predstavljal visok nivo šuma v podatkih. Čeprav vsebujejo podatki veliko nepojasnjene variance, v prispevku pokažemo, da z uporabo časovnih vrst pojasnimo precej več variance kot z uporabo klasične multiple regresije. Analiza časovnih vrst nam tudi pokaže, da so učinki cenovnih akcij, kot enega izmed dejavnikov prodaje, kratkoročni, ter tako potrdi druge raziskave iz področja analiz učinkovitosti cenovnih akcij
Stroškovno optimalno planiranje projektov
No full textThis paper presents the cost optimal project scheduling. The optimization was performed by the nonlinear programming approach, NLP. The nonlinear total project cost objective function is subjected to the rigorous system of the activity precedence relationship constraints, the activity duration constraints and the project duration constraints. The set of activity precedence relationship constraints was defined to comprise Finish-to-Start, Start-to-Start, Start-to-Finish and Finish-to-Finish precedence relationships between activities. The activity duration constraints determine relationships between minimum, maximum and possible duration of the project activities. The project duration constraints define the maximum feasible project duration. A numerical example is presented at the end of the paper in order to present the applicability of the proposed approach.V članku je predstavljeno stroškovno optimalno planiranje projektov. Optimiranje je izvedeno s pristopom nelinearnega programiranja, NLP. Nelinearna namenska funkcija celotnih stroškov projekta je podvržena rigoroznemu sistemu pogojnih neenačb časovnih odvisnosti med aktivnostmi, trajanja aktivnosti in trajanja projekta. Množica pogojnih neenačb časovnih odvisnosti med aktivnostmi vključuje časovne povezave konec-začetek, začetek-začetek, začetek-konec in konec-konec. Pogojne neenačbe trajanja aktivnosti določajo odnose med minimalnim, maksimalnim in možnim časom trajanja projektnih aktivnosti. Pogojne (ne)enačbe trajanja projekta omejijo maksimalni možni čas trajanja projekta. Za predstavitev uporabnosti predlaganega pristopa je na koncu članka prikazan računski prime