Organization - Journal of Management, Informatics and Human Resources / Organizacija - Revija za management, informatiko in kadre (University of Maribor)
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Planiranje in optimizacija proizvodnje z informacijskim sistemom APO (Advanced Planning and Optimisation)
Get PDFAs the scope of logistics operations in the company increases from day to day it is necessary to provide quality and reliable IT support to operational work. Selection, implementation and the usage of the support tools is one of the critical tasks. The main tpoic of the article is upgrading the ERP system SAP R3 with the new system of advanced planning and optimization (Advanced Planning and Optimization - APO). In the company Krka, d.d. the business information system SAP R3 is used for to support most processes. For the management and control of production, the system Werum PAS-X is used. In the Supply Chain the APO, which is an upgrade of SAP R3 and is also a leading system for planning in the company has been implemented. All the three systems which are also integrated with each other constitute the basis of a new modern, efficient and transparent Supply Chain system.Podjetje za svoje uspešno delovanje potrebuje dobro informacijsko podporo, ki strateškemu in taktičnemu managementu prinaša lažjo in učinkovito sprejemanje odločitev, saj bodo le-te zasnovane na točnih, preglednih in pravočasnih podatkih. Izhodišče prispevka je nadgradnja informacijskega sistema SAP R3 z novim sistemom naprednega planiranja in optimizacije (Advanced Planning and Optimisation, v nadaljevanju APO). Ker se obseg logističnih operacij iz dneva v dan v podjetju povečuje, je nujno zagotoviti kakovostno in zanesljivo informacijsko podporo tudi operativnemu delu. Odločitve o izbiri in načinu uporabe posameznih orodij so ena izmed kritičnih nalog. V podjetju Krka d.d. se uporablja poslovni informacijski sistem SAP R3 za večino procesov, za vodenje in nadzor proizvodnje se uporablja proizvodni informacijski sistem Werum PAS-X, v logističnem centru se uporablja poleg SAP R3, tudi APO, ki je nadgradnja SAP R3 in je tudi vodilni sistem za planiranje v podjetju. Vsi trije sistemi, ki so tudi med sabo integrirani, so postavili temelje novemu sodobnemu, učinkovitemu in transparentnemu sistemu izvajanja logističnih in drugih operacij
Analiza procesa patentiranja s poudarkom na fazah raziskovalnega procesa - primer Slovenije
No full textThis article presents some findings about the process of patenting of Slovenian and foreign researchers in scientific research. Based on the reviewed literature and with help of our conceptual model, we establish that the patenting process can be divided into three separate phases: knowledge detection phase, knowledge dissemination phase and knowledge transfer phase. During the process of researching and patenting, a variety of factors affect the results, which can be divided into two groups: internal and external factors. In Slovenia, patents are statistically significant for researchers working and exploring in the fields of natural science and engineering. Research results in the form of a patent largely depend on financial support and work experiences of individual researchers or research groups. The commercialization of a patent means a successful ending of the research process, as many positive benefits are expected.Članek predstavlja ugotovitve glede procesa patentiranja slovenskih in tujih raziskovalcev v znanstveno-raziskovalni sferi. Na podlagi pregledane literature in s pomočjo modela ugotavljamo, da lahko proces patentiranja razdelimo v tri ločene faze, in sicer fazo odkrivanja znanja, fazo diseminacije znanja in fazo aplikacije/prenosa znanja. Na proces raziskovanja in posledično na patentiranje vplivajo različni dejavniki, ki smo jih razdelili na notranje in zunanje. V Sloveniji so patenti statistično značilni za tiste raziskovalce, ki izhajajo oziroma raziskujejo na naravoslovno-tehničnem področju. Rezultati raziskovanj v obliki patenta so v veliki meri odvisni od finančne podpore in delovnih izkušenj, tako posameznega raziskovalca, kot raziskovalne skupine. Komercializacija patenta je uspešen zaključek raziskovanj, od katere se pričakuje številne pozitivne koristi
Dobro počutje/subjektivna blaginja sodelavcev kot bistveni dejavnik prehoda v inovativno družbo
No full textThe contemporary world is full of contradictions, including the essential problem of well-being of co-workers. Most troubles of this kind cannot be resolved with measures of the usual management and/or economic theory that have caused these troubles. Therefore, the question is raised about what could be done about the well-being of co-workers, if principles and measures of innovative business, social responsibility and requisite holism were used. In the paper the mentioned problem is discussed and a path toward the society of knowledge, innovation and affluence is indicated.Sodobni svet je poln nasprotij, med njimi je problem dobrega počutja oz. subjektivne blaginje zaposlenih med bistvenimi. Večine izmed težav te vrste najbrž ni mogoče razreševati s prijemi običajne menedžmentske in/ali ekonomske teorije, ki so težave povzročili. Zato se postavlja vprašanje, kaj bi se dalo glede dobrega počutja zaposlenih napraviti z načeli in ukrepi inovativnega poslovanja, družbene odgovornosti ter zadostne in potrebne celovitosti. V prispevku s pomočjo dialektičnosistemske metode raziskovanja obravnavamo omenjeno problematiko in nakazujemo pot, ki vodi v družbo znanja, inoviranja in izobilja
Vpliv dinamike velikih podjetij na dinamiko malih podjetij in sivo ekonomijo v panogi lesarstva
Get PDFThe paper analyses the impact of the dynamics of the large enterprises in the wood industry on the dynamics of small enterprises and the shadow economy in this industry. We use the unique firm-level survey data for the sample of small enterprises in the wood industry in Slovenia. We find relatively a small impact of the dynamics and size structure of the large enterprises on the dynamics of small enterprises in the wood industry. The important impact is found for the dynamics of the large enterprises on the shadow economy in the wood industry. The empirical results imply implications for the regulatory system to provide a proper institutional enabling framework for the formal sector, a proper financial system for financing at acceptable assurance and costs, and an informal education schemes to provide basic business knowledge and good practices.Opravljena raziskava ugotavlja vpliv dinamike velikih podjetij v panogi lesarstva na dinamiko malih podjetij in delež sive ekonomije v panogi. V kvantitativni raziskavi uporabljeni podatki temeljijo na izbranem vzorcu malih in velikih podjetij v panogi lesarstva v Sloveniji. Raziskava je ob pomoči izbranih analitičnih metod pokazala sorazmerno majhen vpliv dinamike in velikostne strukture velikih podjetij na dinamiko malih podjetij v panogi lesarstva. Pomemben vpliv pa izkazuje dinamika velikih podjetij v panogi lesarstva na delež sive ekonomije v panogi. Na osnovi rezultatov opravljene raziskave so predlagane nekatere rešitve problemov. Predlagane rešitve temeljijo na ureditvi državnega regulatornega sistema na način, ki ne bo omejeval formalnega sektorja, ter na pozitivnih zgledih države, ki bodo spodbujali gospodarno ravnanje. Nadalje je pomembno omogočanje enostavnejše pridobitve potrebnega finančnega kapitala za mala podjetja ob sprejemljivih jamstvih in stroških financiranja ter uvedbi dodatne neformalne oblike izobraževanja, ki bi temeljila na pridobivanju temeljnih poslovnih znanj
Nekateri vidiki managementa zdravstevnih organizacij v Sloveniji
No full textNot much has research has so far been done into the peculiarities of health-care organization management. The motivation was to explore the possible perspectives of the health-organization management system in comparison to other business forms. The hypotheses were tested through a questionnaire that was mailed to managers in health-care institutions. It has been confirmed to a certain degree that managers with a medical training background have different managerial scopes, oriented more to their own profession, including economics of their organization, need for enhanced knowledge and, their managerial style. The implications of the study are at two levels. The future design of training programs for top and middle management institutions will be influenced by the results and findings. At the other level, the implications are expected to arouse interest in the field of multidisciplinary education course design as well as some providing possible background for development of business consulting services in the field.Doslej ni bilo veliko raziskanega o posebnostih managementa zdravstvenih organizacij. Motivacija članka je bilo raziskati perspektive managementa v zdravstvenem sistemu v primerjavi z drugimi poslovnimi oblikami. Hipoteze so bile testirane z vprašalnikom, ki smo ga poslali managerjem zdravstvenih inštitucij. Rezultati so do določene stopnje potrdili, da imajo managerji medicinskih poklicev drugačne načine vodenja in so bolj usmerjeni v svoj poklic, ter drugače obravnavajo ekonomiko, potrebo po znanju in svoj managerski stil. Uporabna vrednost študije je na dveh ravneh. Prihodnje načrtovanje programov usposabljanja bo upoštevalo ugotovitve študije vse več pa bo tudi multidisciplinarnega načrtovanja novih izobraževalnih programov za to ciljno skupino
Zakonska reguliranost računovodskih poklicev v izbranih državah evropske unije
Get PDFThe article focuses on different approaches of selected European Union countries to regulate the three accounting-related professions: accountancy, auditing and tax consulting. Among these professions only auditing is closely related to public interest. As the result, the common EU regulation only relates to the auditing profession, whereas the regulation of other accounting-related professions is left entirely to the Member States. In the article, the EU countries are classified in four distinctive groups, each group representing the EU countries with similar regulation of the three professions. From each group, one representative country is selected and an analysis of its national regulation of the three professions is demonstrated.Članek se osredotoča na različne pristope izbranih držav Evropske unije k zakonskem reguliranju treh z računovodstvom povezanih poklicev: poklic računovodje, revizorja in davčnega svetovalca. Med vsemi tremi je le poklic revizorja tesno povezan z javnim interesom, zato je tudi v krovni evropski zakonodaji podrobneje regulirana zgolj dejavnost revidiranja, medtem ko je reguliranje drugih dveh dejavnosti popolnoma prepuščeno posameznim državam članicam. V članku so države Evropske unije razvrščene v štiri skupine, pri čemer vsaka skupina vključuje države, ki so izbrale soroden pristop k reguliranju z računovodstvom povezanih poklicev. Iz vsake skupine je izbrana po ena država, za katero je prikazana podrobnejša analiza nacionalne zakonodaje na področju regulacije obravnavanih računovodskih poklicev
Značilnosti zaposlitve ter udeležba v formalnem in neformalnem izobraževanju odraslih
No full textIn this paper we examine the association of participation of the employed in education with their demographic characteristics and characteristics of their employment, such as: occupation; work position; organisational size; type of employment; and use of their writing skill at work. The findings indicate that main predictors of participation in education are age, work position and organisational size. Moreover, it is confirmed that the significance of the observed factors varies in relation to the mode of education (formal, non-formal)V prispevku želimo ugotoviti, kako se vključevanje zaposlenih v izobraževanje razlikuje glede na glavne sociodemografske značilnosti in značilnosti zaposlitve, kot so: poklic, položaj pri delu, velikost organizacije, vrsta delovnega razmerja in raba pisnih spretnosti pri delu. Izsledki kažejo, da so glavni dejavniki vključevanja v izobraževanje starost, poklicni položaj in velikost podjetja. Ugotavljamo, da se pomen opazovanih dejavnikov razlikuje glede na to, ali gre za vključevanje v formalno ali neformalno izobraževanje
Analiza korupcije v mikro podjetjih
No full textThe purpose of this study is to present the research work made whilst studying the presence of corruption in the operations of Slovenian micro-enterprises. Our study builds on research which we carried out in 2005 and compares the findings of both studies. We wish to present our findings to public experts for a professional assessment and provide a basis for further work. We hope that in this way we can contribute to the development of new guidelines for the preparation of further analysis, the causes and elimination or at least limitation of corruption in business operations. Notable studies, which address corporate corruption in Slovenia, are non-existent. The results have confirmed the basic research hypothesis that the presence of corruption in the micro-business environment compared to a previous study in the last five years has increased.Namen prispevka je predstavitev raziskovalnega dela v katerem preučujemo prisotnost korupcije pri poslovanju slovenskih mikro podjetij. Naša raziskava nadgrajuje raziskavo, ki smo jo opravili leta 2005 in primerja ugotovitve obeh raziskav. Naše ugotovitve želimo predstaviti strokovni javnosti v presojo in ji dati osnovo za nadaljnje delo. Pričakujemo, da bomo na tak način prispevali k oblikovanju novih usmeritev za pripravo nadaljnjih analiz, vzrokov in odpravo oziroma omejitev korupcije pri podjetniškem poslovanju. Opaznih raziskovanj, ki bi obravnavale podjetniško korupcijo v Sloveniji ni. Rezultati so potrdili temeljno hipotezo raziskave, da se je prisotnost korupcije v mikro podjetniškem okolju v primerjavi s predhodno raziskavo v zadnjih petih letih povečala
Manager in vodja v organizacijah post-tranzicije
No full textManagers and leaders are different figures within an organization but are also alike. During different stages of the organizational life cycle we sometimes need more manager-oriented people and at other times more leader-oriented people. However most of the time we need them both in order to achieve a balance within the organization. Slovenia is a post-transition economy, facing new challenges and opportunities therefore the need for leader-oriented people is expected to be huge. Nevertheless our research showed that in Slovenian profit and non-profit organizations, upper management positions have been occupied by manager-oriented people but at the same time a balance exists between the two roles. We also found out that managers and leaders perceive the success of their organisations in quite a similar way. An adapted Hickman’s questionnaire together with a content analysis of subordinates’ comments about how they perceive their organization was used to ascertain the differences between them and their superiors. By knowing how employees perceive their managers and how the latter perceive themselves and their organizations we can develop better approaches to management development in post-transition economies.Manager in vodja sta dve različni vlogi v organizaciji, a hkrati tudi podobni. Organizacija v različnih razvojnih fazah potrebuje enkrat osebe, ki so bolj managerji, drugič pa osebe, ki so bolj vodje. Čeprav v bistvu potrebujemo obe, če želimo v organizaciji obdržati ravnotežje. Slovenija je država v posttranzicijskem obdobju in kot taka se dnevno sooča z izzivi in priložnostmi iz okolja. Tako bi glede na karakteristike obeh vlog pričakovali, da bo na vodilnih položajih prevladovala vloga vodje. Kljub temu pa je raziskava v slovenskih (ne)pridobitnih organizacijah pokazala drugačno sliko. Vodilne položaje zasedajo managerji, čeprav pa v organizacijah obstaja ravnotežje med vlogama. Ugotovili smo tudi, da managerji in vodje uspeh organizacije zaznavajo podobno. Za potrebe raziskave smo prilagodili Hickmanov vprašalnik, ki nam je skupaj s komentarji anketirancev služil za pridobivanje podatkov in analizo. Z ugotovitvami iz raziskave lahko razvijemo nove pristope razvoja managementa oziroma vodenja organizacije v državah posttranzicije
Učeče se organizacije v slovenskem gospodarstvu
No full textDue to turbulent and unpredictable environment the operations of companies and other organizations are becoming more and more complex. They must be flexible, innovative and adaptive to the consumer, which cannot be achieved only with the traditional economic capital, but enlightened managers today recognize the importance of intellectual capital and by recent studies also positive psychological capital. All forms of capital allow the sustainable competitive advantage. Because the area is very large, we will focus on knowledge as intellectual capital of company, which represents the total knowledge of company and plays an important role by achieving company performance. Numerous organizations are nowadays being successfully transformed into learning organizations or companies and are therefore facing new challenges, improving constantly and fighting the competitors in order to take over a leading role in the branch. The aim of the Paper was to accentuate the importance and the role of knowledge in today's organizations trough the management concept of the learning organization, which establishes new techniques connected with continual learning and enables companies' constant restructuring and adjusting. Trough research we established the presence and spread of the concept of learning organization or its elements and furthermore differences in characteristics of the concept regarding the companies' respective size and ownership. The acquired results have been compared to research that acquired in the 2003 and we have determined the level of development in these years. Creation of organizations which are willing and able to learn will bring benefits to the whole economy and as a result to the society we live in.Zaradi turbulentnega in nepredvidljivega okolja postaja poslovanje podjetij in drugih organizacij vse bolj zapleteno. Zahteva se fleksibilnost, inovativnost, razvoj in prilagajanje potrošniku, za kar pa so potrebne različne oblike kapitala (ekonomski, intelektualni kapital in po novejših raziskavah celo pozitivni psihološki kapital). Vse oblike so pomembne in omogočajo trajno konkurenčno prednost podjetja oziroma organizacije. Ker je območje obravnave zelo široko, se bomo v prispevku osredotočili na znanje kot intelektualni kapital podjetja, ki predstavlja celotno znanje podjetja in igra pomembno vlogo pri uspešnosti. Številne organizacije se tako v današnjem času pospešeno preoblikujejo v učeče se organizacije oziroma v učeča se podjetja ter se na ta način soočajo z izzivi iz okolja, se nenehno izboljšujejo ter bijejo boj s konkurenti, da bi postali vodilni v panogi. V prispevku smo poudarili pomen in vlogo znanja v današnjih organizacijah skozi koncept učeče se organizacije, ki vzpostavlja nove prijeme v zvezi s kontinuiranim učenjem ter omogoča organizacijam nenehno preoblikovanje in prilagajanje. Na podlagi opravljene raziskave smo ugotovili prisotnost in razširjenost koncepta oziroma njegovih posameznih elementov v slovenskem gospodarstvu ter ugotovili zanimive razlike v značilnostih koncepta med srednje velikimi in velikimi podjetji ter med podjetji v različnem lastništvu. Zraven tega smo s primerjavo rezultatov raziskave iz leta 2003 prikazali stopnjo razvoja koncepta v teh letih. Dejstvo je, da bo le ustvarjanje organizacij, ki se želijo in so se sposobne učiti, prineslo koristi za celotno gospodarstvo ter posledično tudi za družbo v kateri živimo