Organization - Journal of Management, Informatics and Human Resources / Organizacija - Revija za management, informatiko in kadre (University of Maribor)
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Izhodišča za pripravo e-učbenikov
No full textThe NAUK group (Advanced Learning Blocks group; http://www.nauk.si) is engaged in the development of theoretical and practical concepts of ICT use in all levels of education. Recently, the proposed introduction of electronic textbooks (e-textbooks) has become a major topic nationwide in Slovenia. There are multiple dilemmas to be solved, e.g. what a modern e-textbook is, what it should include, in what way should it differ from conventional textbooks, what tools and technologies should be used for its creation, etc. This paper attempts to make recommendations, which we believe should be followed by all the authors of e-textbooks.V okviru skupine NAUK (Napredne Učne Kocke; http://www.nauk.si) se ukvarjamo z razvojem tako teoretičnih kot praktičnih izhodišč na področju uporabe IKT v izobraževalnem procesu na vseh nivojih. V zadnjem času je v Sloveniji zelo v ospredju problematika elektronskih učbenikov (e-učbenikov). Rešiti bo potrebno več dilem: kakšen naj bo sodoben e-učbenik, kakšne naj bodo njegove značilnosti, kaj mora vsebovati, v čem se razlikuje od klasičnega učbenika, katera orodja in tehnologije uporabiti za izdelavo itd. V prispevku smo poskusili predstaviti nekaj priporočil, za katere menimo, da naj bi jih upoštevali vsi avtorji e-učbenikov
Možnosti odstranjevanja ogljikovega dioksida iz zraka
Get PDFExcessive atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations currently represent an insolvable problem, as their quantities being emitted into the atmosphere far exceed the planet’s ability to extract them. In the realm of politics and the industry, management of this issue (eco-management) is being handled in what is a completely one-sided manner. The emphasis is almost entirely placed on ways to lower greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, while the possibilities of extracting excess greenhouse gases from the atmosphere are being overlooked. As a consequence, resources are being predominantly devoted to the development of new technologies that generate lower greenhouse gas emissions. While these technologies can provide immediate relief, there is no reason to believe they are the most economically efficient options available. There are myriad new technologies in various stages of development that will be capable of extracting excess greenhouse gas emissions from the atmosphere, much like water treatment plants extract excess pollutants from water.Previsoka vsebnost toplogrednih plinov v zraku predstavlja trenutno nerešljiv problem, ker jih narava ni sposobna tako hitro odstranjevati iz ozračja, kot se v ozračje sproščajo. Upravljanje z okoljem (eko-management) na političnem in gospodarskem nivoju se ukvarja s tem vprašanjem povsem enostransko. Poudarek je skoraj izključno na tem, kako zmanjšati emisije toplogrednih plinov v ozračje, skoraj popolnoma pa je zanemarjen vidik odstranjevanja le-teh iz ozračja. Posledično se predvsem podpira razvoj novih tehnologij, pri katerih nastanejo bistveno manjše emisije toplogrednih plinov. To so trenutne rešitve, za katere pa ni nujno, da bodo v prihodnosti tudi ekonomsko najučinkovitejše. V razvoju so namreč nove tehnologije, ki bodo odstranjevale odvečno količino toplogrednih plinov iz zraka, podobno kot to počnejo čistilne naprave z onesnaževali v vodi
Pomen marketinške kulture za ugled podjetja
Get PDFIn the following article, we define the concept of marketing culture and the reputation of a company, which have a significant impact on the quality of planning and on the implementation of business strategy. On the basis of theoretical knowledge, a survey was done in medium size and large size insurance companies in the Republic of Slovenia on the importance and role of companies’ marketing cultures and reputations in relation to their financial successfulness. The study based on this survey made it feasible to shape up recommendations for future practice and further research.V pričujočem prispevku sta opredeljena in raziskana pojma marketinške kulture in ugleda podjetja, kot elementa trajnostne konkurenčne prednosti. Na podlagi teoretičnih spoznanj je izvedena empirična raziskava v srednjih in velikih podjetij na področju zavarovalniških dejavnosti v R Sloveniji o pomenu in vlogi marketinške kulture za ugled podjetja in posledično za njegovo finančno uspešnost. Na podlagi pridobljenih podatkov so podani predlogi in priporočila za prakso ter nadaljnje raziskave
Vpliv razvoja osebja projekta na čas dobave in montaže opreme v slovenskem zdravstvu
Get PDFThe purpose of our work is to study and analyse the influence of project staff development on the time of equipment delivery and installation in Slovene healthcare and to establish some propositions on the project staff development. A quantitative research has been performed with a questionnaire which contains statements on the actual realization time of individual phases in investment projects, knowledge, performance and on skills in interpersonal relationships of the project staff. The questionnaire has been sent to 227 co-workers in Slovene hospitals who participated in at least one investment project in the last year. We have done a descriptive, factor and regression statistical analysis of the obtained data and information. The factor analysis has confirmed a smaller number of immeasurable common factors, explaining the majority of variance of a higher number of the reduced measurable items – statement in the questionnaire. The factors have been used as independent variables in regression analysis, where it has been analysed how they affect the dependant variable - the time of equipment delivery and installation. The results of the research have indicated that on average the actual time of equipment delivery and installation is significantly shortened in view of the estimated time if the level of skills in interpersonal relationship of the project staff is higher. On the basis of analysis results we have established some propositions for project staff development for a more effective time management in equipment delivery and installation in Slovene healthcare. With project staff development the performance time of investment projects can be shortened thus increasing the investment capacity in Slovene healthcare. The results of the research have influenced the efficiency of financial resources management intended for projects in healthcare services.Namen dela je proučiti in analizirati vpliv dejavnikov razvoja osebja projekta na čas dobave in montaže opreme v slovenskem zdravstvu ter zasnovati predloge za razvoj osebja projekta. Kvantitativna raziskava je izvedena z vprašalnikom, ki vsebuje trditve o dejanskem času realizacije posameznih faz investicijskih projektov, znanju, izvajanju in spretnostih v medosebnih odnosih osebja projekta. Vprašalnik je poslan 227 sodelavcem v slovenskih bolnišnicah, ki so v zadnjem letu sodelovali vsaj v enem investicijskem projektu. Na osnovi zbranih podatkov in informacij je bila opravljena opisna, faktorska in regresijska statistična analiza. S faktorsko analizo je potrjeno manjše število nemerljivih skupnih faktorjev (dejavnikov), ki pojasnjujejo večino variance večjega števila zreduciranih merljivih indikatorjev – trditev v anketnem vprašalniku. Faktorji so nadalje uporabljeni kot neodvisne spremenljivke v regresijski analizi, kjer je analizirano, kako vplivajo na odvisno spremenljivko »čas dobave in montaže opreme«. Izidi analize kažejo, da se dejanski čas dobave in montaže opreme v povprečju signifikantno skrajša glede na ocenjeni čas, če se poveča stopnja spretnosti v medosebnih odnosih osebja projekta. Na osnovi izidov analize so zasnovani predlogi za razvoj osebja projekta za učinkovitejše obvladovanje časa pri dobavi in montaži opreme v slovenskem zdravstvu. Na podlagi razvoja osebja projekta se lahko čas izvedbe v investicijskih projektih skrajša, s tem se poveča investicijska sposobnost v slovenskem zdravstvu. Izsledki iz naše raziskave vplivajo na večjo učinkovitost upravljanja finančnih sredstev, ki so namenjena za projekte v zdravstveni dejavnosti
Razvoj spletne aplikacije za dinamično razporejanje proizvodnje v malih in srednje velikih podjetjih
No full textThis article describes the development of a web-based dynamic job-shop scheduling system for small and medium enterprises. In large enterprises, scheduling is mainly performed with appropriate technology by human experts; many small and medium enterprises lack the resources to implement such a task. The main objective was to develop a cost-effective, efficient solution for job-shop scheduling in small and medium enterprises with an emphasis on accessibility, platform independence and ease of use. For these reasons, we decided to develop a web-based solution with the main emphasis on the development of an intelligent and dynamic user interface. The solution is built upon modular programming principles and enables dynamic scheduling on the basis of artificial intelligence, i.e. genetic algorithms. The solution has been developed as a standalone information system, which allows the management of virtually all scheduling activities through an administration panel. In addition, the solution covers the five main functionalities that completely support the scheduling process, i.e. making an inventory of resources available in the company, using it in the process of production planning, collecting data on production activities, distribution of up-to-date information and insight over events in the system.Prispevek obravnava razvoj spletne aplikacije za potrebe dinamičnega razporejanja proizvodnje v malih in srednje velikih podjetjih. Medtem ko večja podjetja lahko investirajo v ljudi in ustrezno tehnologijo, ki podpira aktivnosti razporejanja, številna mala in srednja podjetja trpijo prav zaradi pomanjkanja podpore pri upravljanju le-teh. Glavni cilj je bil razvoj stroškovno ugodne, učinkovite rešitve za potrebe razporejanja proizvodnje v malih in srednjih podjetjih s poudarkom na dostopnosti, neodvisnosti od platform in enostavnosti uporabe. Zaradi tega smo se odločili za razvoj spletne rešitve, pri kateri je bil glavni poudarek na razvoju inteligentnega in dinamičnega uporabniškega vmesnika. Rešitev je zgrajena modularno in omogoča dinamično razporejanje naročil v proizvodnjo na podlagi metode umetne inteligence - genetskih algoritmov. Rešitev je razvita kot samostojen informacijski sistem, ki preko administracijskega vmesnika omogoča upravljanje vseh aktivnosti razporejanja. Tako lahko posameznim uporabniškim skupinam določamo ustrezne dostopne pravice in s tem uporabnikom omogočamo izvajanje posameznih aktivnosti. Poleg tega je v nalogi zajetih še pet glavnih funkcionalnosti, ki podpirajo dejavnosti razporejanja. Tako rešitev omogoča popisovanje sredstev s katerimi podjetje razpolaga, uporabo le-teh v procesu planiranja proizvodnje, zbiranje podatkov o proizvodnih aktivnostih, ažurno razpečevanje informacij in izvajanje nadzora nad dogajanjem v sistemu
Dileme izvajanja procesa letnih razgovorov v gospodarskih družbah
Get PDFYearly employee review is one of the most important tools, which the heads motivate their associates with. Several organizations face the problem of unsuccessful and ineffective functioning of this system. By means of a questionnaire and statistic analysis we calculate the descriptive statistic of yearly employee reviews and correlations between the factors that influence them. We state that the employee’s own strategic plan of the development of his career exerts a positive influence on his relation to them. The basic statement of the research is that the employees in enterprises consider yearly employee reviews as very important and useful but that, however, their implementation is poor and does not give expected results. At the end we state the activities and/or factors that are of key importance for more successful implementation of yearly employee reviews and to which the management will have to devote itself more actively in the future if we wish to improve the state of this field of action.Letni razgovor je eno od najpomembnejših orodij, s katerim vodje motivirajo svoje sodelavce. Mnoge organizacije se srečujejo s problemom neuspešnega in neučinkovitega delovanja tega sistema. Z anketo in statistično analizo izračunamo opisno statistiko letnih razgovorov in korelacije med dejavniki, ki nanj vplivajo. Ugotovimo, da lastni strateški načrt razvoja kariere zaposlenega pozitivno vpliva na njegov odnos do le-teh. Osnovna ugotovitev raziskave je, da zaposleni v podjetjih ocenjujejo letne razgovore kot zelo pomembne in koristne, da pa je njihova izvedba slaba in ne daje pričakovanih rezultatov. Na koncu navedemo aktivnosti oz. dejavnike, ki so ključni za uspešnejše izvajanje letnih razgovorov in katerim se bo moral menedžment v prihodnosti aktivneje posvetiti, v kolikor želimo izboljšati stanje tega področja
Prenos podjetja kot strateški razvojni problem lastnika-managerja, podjetja in gospodarstva
Get PDFTransfer of ownership and management of an enterprise is a complex process; unsuccessful transfers result in the loss of otherwise viable businesses and the jobs they provide. Many enterprise fail in the transfer phase not because they are not viable but because the transfer has not been sufficiently prepared and realized. Successful business transfers are even more important for preserving jobs and economic growth during the economic crisis when many enterprises fail because of the lost of markets and strategic potentials. Even though the transfer of an enterprise within a family is still a frequent option and this is also true for Slovenia, the number of other transfer options is increasing, also the number of transfers to third parties. Owners-managers as well as supportive institutions have an important role in business transfers. Supportive environment and measures should enable easy and efficient business transfer, stimulate entrepreneurs to start preparing the transfer on time as well as stimulate potential entrepreneurs to think about the possibility to take over an existing enterprise; supportive services such as mentoring, professional consultancy, creation of data bases and marketplaces that provide a platform for bringing together potential buyers and sellers are also needed. In the contribution we present proposals for improving the supportive environment for business transfers in Slovenian which is in comparison to some other EU countries still underdeveloped.Prenos lastništva in vodenja podjetja je kompleksen proces, katerega neuspeh ima za posledico izgubo sicer za preživetje sposobnega podjetja in delovnih mest. Številna podjetja tako ne propadejo zato, ker ne bi bila sposobna preživeti, ampak zato, ker prenos podjetja ni bil ustrezno pripravljen in izpeljan. V času gospodarske krize, ko številna podjetja propadajo zaradi izgube trgov in strateških potencialov, so uspešni prenosi podjetij še toliko bolj pomembni za ohranitev delovnih mest in gospodarsko rast. Čeprav se kot zelo pogosta nasledstvena možnost še vedno pojavlja prenos vodenja in lastništva znotraj družine, kar velja tudi za Slovenijo, pa narašča število drugih nasledstvnih možnosti, tudi prenos tretjim osebam. Pri zagotavljanju uspešnih prenosov podjetij imajo pomembno vlogo lastniki-managerji podjetij, pa tudi država s svojimi podpornimi inštitucijami. Podporno okolje in ukrepi bi morali biti usmerjeni v olajšanje prenosa podjetij, spodbuditi podjetnike k pravočasnemu prenosu podjetja in potencialne podjetnike k razmišljanju o možnosti prevzema že obstoječega podjetja, zagotoviti pa je potrebno tudi podporne storitve (mentoriranje, strokovno svetovanje, trgi in baze podatkov prenosljivih podjetij). V prispevku podajamo predloge ukrepov za izboljšanje podpornega okolja v Sloveniji, saj je podpora lastnikom-managerjem, ki se soočajo z vprašanjem prenosa podjetja v primrejavi z nekaterimi drugimi EU državami še zelo skromna
Pojasnjevalna moč modelov finančnih kriz
Get PDFThe paper explores the explanation power of financial crises models. We find that first generation models are inadequate, since they focus only on the role of economic and financial fundamentals. The main innovation of the second generation models lies in identifying the role that the expectations of the market agents may play in precipitating financial crises. We suggest that the actual global financial crisis fit into expanded version of the third generation, which is based on the notion of contagion where the mere occurrence of a crisis in one market increases the likelihood of a similar crisis elsewhere and a fact that financial crisis reveals weaknesses in bank business models, huge weakness in management of financial crises and shortcomings in the process of financial liberalization. The best way to address the biggest threat of huge, systematically significant financial institutions to financial system is by regulating, managing these institutions continuously and determination of clear procedures in a case of a crisis.Članek proučuje pojasnjevalno moč modelov finančnih kriz. Avtorja ugotavljata, da so modeli prve generacije kriz neustrezni, saj so koncentrirani samo na vlogo ekonomskih in finančnih fundamentalnih spremenljivk. Najpomembnejša novost modelov druge generacije je v pripoznavanju vloge pričakovanj tržnih subjektov pri pospeševanju finančnih kriz. Avtorja sugerirata, da je moč aktualno finančno krizo uvrstiti v razširjeno verzijo tretje generacije kriz, ki temelji na ideji okužbe, kjer že samo pojav krize na enem trgu poveča verjetnost podobne krize na drugih trgih ter dejstva, da finančna kriza razkrije slabosti v modelih poslovnega bančništva in managementa finančnih kriz ter slabosti v procesu finančne liberalizacije. Najboljši način reagiranja na največjo nevarnost, ki jo predstavljajo velike, sistemsko pomembne finančne institucije za finančni sistem je, njihovo kontinuirano reguliranje, management in vnaprej jasna pravila postopkov v primeru krize
Razvijanje mehkih znanj na tehničnih fakultetah: izkušnje s študentskim delom na projektih
No full textWhile advanced technologies are entering schools at all levels, we claim that other skills required to deal with them in the complex modern world should not be neglected in the education system. In this article, a promising approach to interdisciplinary postgraduate education is described. The idea of the »Team project« course is to give the students the opportunity to gain experience in an extensive project where various skills are needed, e.g. teamwork, coordinating work, project management, research, problem solving, public presentations, time management, etc. The course is obligatory and held in the first year of the master study program at the School of Engineering and Management of the University of Nova Gorica. The main advantage of the course is to give the students hands-on experience of work on a project that is very close to reality. Students are forced to gain experience in teamwork and to overcome the uncertainties and obstacles that arise in such projects. Since the launch of the course, several improvements have been made with the aim of improving the performance of the course. Nevertheless, the course remains a challenge for both students and teachers.Medtem ko si sodobne tehnologije počasi utirajo pot v izobraževalne programe na vseh nivojih, ne smemo pozabiti tudi na razvijanje sposobnosti za uspešno uporabo teh tehnologij za reševanje kompleksnih problemov v sodobnem svetu. Članek predstavlja obetaven način pridobivanja kompetenc za delo v interdisciplinarnih projektnih skupinah. V predmetu »Skupinski projekt« na bolonjskem magistrskem programu Gospodarski inženiring študentje pridobivajo izkušnje in razvijajo sposobnosti timskega dela, koordiniranja, projektnega vodenja, raziskovanja, reševanja konkretnih problemov, predstavitev rezultatov javnosti in upravljanja s časom. Predmet je na programu v prvem letniku kot obvezna sestavina študijskega programa. Študentom nudi konkretno izkušnjo projektnega dela, podobnega tistemu v realnih poslovnih okoljih. Preizkusijo se v interdisciplinarnem timskem delu, pri čemer morajo premagovati negotovosti in težave, ki se pojavljajo pri tovrstnih projektih. Po prvih izvedbah se je nabralo že več izkušenj, s pomočjo katerih izboljšujemo izvajanje predmeta. Kljub temu še vedno predstavlja precejšen izziv tako za študente kot za profesorje
Konativna komponenta podjetniških kompetenc: primer Slovenije
No full textCompetitive pressures, globalization and economic growth have brought Slovenian enterprises to enhance the role of entrepreneurial competences. The present paper aims to study conative component of entrepreneurial competences as a crucial part of human capital in Slovenian enterprises. The focus of this paper is any eventual disparity of non-teachable attributes of conative component of competences of Slovene enterpreneuer with learned ones rather than the concept of entrepreneurship itself. Authors seperate entrepreneurial competences into three components: cognitive, affective and conative. The purpose of this study is to assess the entrepreneurial conative traits and to investigate the correlation between different conative components of entrepreneurial competences and compare the results to their job-related self-expetations. The conative component of entrepreneurial competences was measures with the Kolbe A™ Index. The study was conducted with 43 Slovenian entrepreneuers from three different enterprises. Independet sample t-test and Pearson’s correlation were used to test research aims. SPSS 16.0 was used to analyse the data. The results show conative components of Slovenian entrepreneurial competences, difference between them and individual’s job-related self expectations and that the correlation between conative components exist.Pritiski konkurence, globalizacija in gospodarska rast zahtevajo krepitev pomena podjetniških kompetenc v slovenskih podjetijh. Namen pričujočega prispevka je analizirati konativno komponento podjetniških kompetenc, ki predstavlja ključni del človeškega kapitala v slovenskih podjetij. Poudarek študije ni samo na konceptu podjetništva, ampak na definiranju in ugotovljanju razlik med pridobljeno in naučeno konativno komponento podjetniških kompetenc. Avtorji namreč podjetniške kompetence ločujemo po treh komponentah: kognitivni, afektivni in konativni.Cilj študije je oceniti konitivno komponento podjetniških kompetenc, ugotoviti ali obstaja povezava med različnimi deli konativnih komponent podjetniških kompetenc in narediti primerjavo rezultatov s samopričakovanji v zvezi z delom. Konativno komponento podjetniških komponent smo merili s testom Kolbe ™ Index. V študijo je bilo vključenih 43 podjetnikov iz treh slovenskih podjetij. Za analizo rezultatov smo uporabili t-test neodvisnih vzorcev ter Pearsonov koeficient korelacije. Rezultate smo analizirali s pomočjo SPSS 16.0 paketa. Rezultati so pokazali značilnosti konativne komponente podjetniških sposobnosti pri slovenskih podjetnikih, obstoj razlik med posameznimi deli le-te, ter povezavo med samopričakovanji v zvezi z delom in konativno komponento podjetniških kompetenc