Organization - Journal of Management, Informatics and Human Resources / Organizacija - Revija za management, informatiko in kadre (University of Maribor)
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Preprečevanje goljufij pri lizingu z uporabo Kohonen-ovih samoorganizirajočih zemljevidov
No full textBackground and Purpose: Data mining techniques are intensely used in various industries for the purpose of fraud prevention and detection. Research that focuses on the leasing industry is scarce, although frauds in the field of leasing occur rather often. First, we identify clusters of business clients in one leasing company by using the method of self-organising maps based on leasing contract attributes. Second, we compare clusters based on the presence of fraudulent clients, in order to develop fraudsters’ profiles.
Methodology: For detecting characteristics of fraudulent clients, we use a client database containing leasing contract attributes of one Croatian leasing company. In order to develop profiles of fraudulent clients, we utilise a clustering procedure with the Kohonen Self-Organizing Maps supported by Viscovery SOMine software.
Results: Five clusters were identified and labelled according to the modal values of attributes describing the leasing object and the industry in which the client operates: (i) New cars / Trade; (ii) Used trucks or tugboats / Other services; (iii) New machinery / Construction; (iv) New motors / Trade; and (v) New machinery and tractors / Agriculture.
Conclusion: Self-organising maps have proved to be a useful methodology for developing profiles of fraudulent clients in leasing companies. Companies can use our results and make additional efforts in monitoring clients from the identified industries, buying specific leasing objects. In addition, companies can apply our methodology to their own databases, in order to develop fraudster profiles for their specific purposes, and implement fraud alert mechanisms in their client database.
Keywords: fraud, leasing, self-organising maps, Viscovery SOMine, Ward algorithm, Croatia, data miningOzadje in namen: Tehnike rudarjenja podatkov se intenzivno uporabljajo v različnih panogah za preprečevanje in odkrivanje goljufij. Raziskav, ki se osredotočajo na lizing industrijo, je malo, čeprav se goljufije na tem področju pojavljajo precej pogosto. V študiji najprej identificiramo grozde poslovnih strank v izbrani lizinški družbi po metodi samoorganizirajočih zemljevidov, ki temeljijo na atributih lizing pogodb. Nato primerjamo grozde na podlagi prisotnosti goljufivih strank, da bi razvili profile prevarantov.
Zasnova / metodologija / pristop: Za odkrivanje značilnosti goljufivih strank smo uporabili bazo strank, ki vsebuje atribute lizinških pogodb ene od hrvaških lizinških družb. Za razvoj profilov goljufivih odjemalcev smo uporabili postopek združevanja s Kohonen samoorganizirajočimi zemljevidi, ki jih podpira programska oprema Viscovery SOMine.
Rezultati: Identificirali smo pet skupin in jih označili v skladu z modalnimi vrednostmi atributov, ki opisujejo predmet lizinga in panogo, v kateri stranka posluje: (i) novi avtomobili / trgovina; (ii) rabljeni tovornjaki ali vlačilci / druge storitve; (iii) novi stroji / gradbeništvo; (iv) novi motorji / trgovina; in (v) novi stroje in traktorji / Kmetijstvo.
Zaključek: Samoorganizirajoči zemljevidi so se izkazali kot uporabna metodologijo za razvoj profilov goljufivih strank v lizinških družbah. Podjetja lahko naše rezultate za ciljno spremljanje strank iz opredeljenih panog, ki kupujejo specifične lizing predmete. Poleg tega lahko podjetja uporabijo našo metodologijo v lastnih bazah podatkov, da razvijejo profile prevarantov za njihove posebne namene in v svoje baze podatkov strank vgradijo mehanizme za opozarjanje na goljufije.
Ključne besede: prevara, zakup, Kohonenovi samoorganizirajoči zemljevidi, Viscovery SOMine, Ward algoritem, Hrvaška, rudarjenje podatko
Proceduralna pravičnost pri zaposlovanju v luči teorije psihološke pogodbe
No full textBackground and purpose: In recruitment and selection, job applicants do not only base their justice judgment on the actual experience but also compare what happens and what they expect. This study, therefore, investigates applicants’ reaction to procedural justice in recruitment selection through the lens of psychological contract framework. Psychological contract theory highlights the role of expectations, discrepancies between perception and expectation, and perceived contract breach on individual outcomes.
Methodology: Two surveys were conducted with job seekers in Vietnam, one before and one after the selection process. Printed questionnaires were administered to job seekers in the first survey, while the second used online survey. Structural Equation Modeling technique was adopted to analyze the data.
Results: Data from a sample of 232 job seekers indicated that previous job experience and source of candidates were significantly related to justice expectations. In addition, perceived unmet expectations were found to predict procedural contract breach, which in turn negatively influenced job acceptance intention and recommendation intention.
Conclusion: The research highlights the role of unmet justice expectation, the perceived discrepancy between what happened and what was supposed to be, in predicting intention to accept offer and to recommend others. The results suggest that firms should provide updated and official information regarding the selection process to all parties such as internal employees, recruitment agency and job search website to reduce over-expectation.
Keywords: Applicants’ reaction, Procedural justice, Expectations, Psychological contract, Job acceptance intention, Recommendation intentionOzadje in namen: Kandidati za zaposlitev svoje ocene pravičnosti izbire ne temeljijo zgolj na dejanskih izkušnjah, temveč tudi primerjajo, kaj se zgodi pri izbiri kandidatov in kaj so pričakovali. Ta študija zato preučuje reakcijo prosilcev na proceduralno pravičnost pri izbiri kandidatov za zaposlitev skozi prizmo teorije psihološke podobe. Le-ta poudarja vlogo pričakovanj, neskladja med zaznavanjem in pričakovanjem ter zaznano kršitev pogodbe pri posameznih izidih.
Zasnova / metodologija / pristop: Izvedeni sta bili dve anketi med iskalci zaposlitve v Vietnamu, ena pred izbirnim postopkom in ena po njem. V prvi anketi so iskalci prejeli natisnjene vprašalnike, v drugi pa so izpolnjevali spletno anketo. Za analizo podatkov je bila uporabljena tehnika modeliranja strukturnih enačb.
Rezultati: Analiza podatkov, ki so bili zbrani na vzorcu 232 iskalcev zaposlitve kažejo, da so bile prejšnje delovne izkušnje in izvor kandidatov (notranji, zunanji) v veliki meri povezani s pričakovanji glede pravičnosti. Poleg tega je bilo ugotovljeno, da zaznana neizpolnjena pričakovanja napovedujejo kršitev proceduralne pogodbe, kar pa je negativno vplivalo na namen sprejetja zaposlitve in namen priporočila drugim kandidatom.
Zaključek: Raziskava poudarja vlogo nezadovoljenega pričakovanja pravičnosti, zaznano neskladje med tem, kar se je zgodilo in tem, kar so pričakovali, pri napovedovanju namere sprejetja ponudbe in priporočanja drugim. Rezultati kažejo, da bi morala podjetja vsem udeleženim, kot so interni zaposleni, agencija za zaposlovanje in spletno mesto za iskanje zaposlitve, zagotoviti posodobljene in uradne informacije v zvezi z izbirnim postopkom, da zmanjšajo prevelika pričakovanja.
Ključne besede: Reakcija prosilcev, Proceduralna pravičnost, Pričakovanja, Psihološka pogodba, Namen sprejetja dela, Namen priporočil
Povezava med organizacijsko pripadnostjo in organizacijskim zaupanjem v zdravstvenih organizacijah
No full textBackground and purpose: Health care organizations should apply new methods to motivate their employees be more effective and successful. This can be achieved by commitment to the organization and trusting their managers. Therefore, health care organizations must take care of the commitment and trust aspects in order to have a full knowledge of employees and to increase organizational performance and effectiveness. The present study aims to link sub-dimensions of organizational trust and sub-dimensions of organizational commitment of administrative personnel of health care organizations. Methodology: The survey was conducted among 156 administrative personnel in health organizations in Turkey. Sub-dimensions of organizational trust and sub-dimensions of organisational commitment were linked and correlated. Nyhan and Marlowe’s OTI survey was used for the assessment of organizational trust and Meyer’s and Allen’s OCQ for the assessment of organizational commitment. Correlation, Path analysis and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were used to analyse the data with the help of SPSS and SmartPLS programs. Results: Results suggest that trust in organization has a positive impact on effective organizational commitment and continuance organizational commitment, however, has not impact on normative organizational commitment. Additionally, trust in supervisors has a positive impact on affective organizational commitment, continuance organizational commitment and normative organizational commitment. Conclusion: Awareness of organizational trust and commitment can be beneficial to leaders and managers, as they can handle, develop and empower their workers better with this information. Moreover, the key point is that all leaders and managers should focus on creating an atmosphere that will make workers very more committed and trusting, hence, to enable them perform beyond their formal duty requirements. Keywords: Organizational trust; Organizational commitment; Health care organizations, Strategic managementOzadje in namen: Zdravstvene organizacije bi morale uporabljati nove metode za motiviranje svojih zaposlenih, da bodo bolj učinkovite in uspešne. To lahko dosežejo z zavezanostjo organizaciji in zaupanjem njihovim menedžerjem. Zato morajo zdravstvene organizacije skrbeti za organizacijsko pripadnost in različne vidike zaupanja, da bodo v celoti poznale zaposlene in povečale uspešnost in učinkovitost. Namen te študije je povezati poddimenzije organizacijskega zaupanja in poddimenzije organizacijske zavezanosti administretivnega osebja zdravstvenih organizacij. Zasnova / metodologija / pristop: Podssatke za študijo smo zbrali z anketo, ki je bila izvedena med 156 upravnimi uslužbenci v zdravstvenih organizacijah v Turčiji. Za oceno organizacijskega zaupanja je bila uporabljena raziskava OTI avtorjev Nyhan in Marlowe ter Meyerjev in Allenov OCQ vprašalnik za oceno organizacijske zavezanosti. Za analizo podatkov s pomočjo programov SPSS in SmartPLS smo uporabili korelacijo, analizo poti in modeliranje strukturnih enačb (SEM). Rezultati: Ugotavljamo, da zaupanje v organizacijo pozitivno vpliva na učinkovito organizacijsko zavezanost in nadaljevanje organizacijske zavezanosti, vendar ne vpliva na normativno organizacijsko zavezanost. Poleg tega zaupanje v nadrejene pozitivno vpliva na čustveno organizacijsko zavezanost, željo ostati v organizaciji, in normativno organizacijsko zavezanost. Zaključek: Zavedanje organizacijskega zaupanja in zavzetosti je lahko koristno za vodje in managerje, saj lahko s temi informacijami bolje obvladujejo, razvijajo in opolnomočujejo svoje delavce. Poleg tega je ključno, da se morajo vsi vodje in menedžerji osredotočijo na ustvarjanje vzdušja, zaradi katerega bodo delavci postali bolj zavzeti in bodo bilj zaupali vodjem in bili pripravljeni narediti tudi več kot so formalne zahteve za njihovo delovno mesto. Ključne besede: Organizacijsko zaupanje; Organizacijska zavezanost; Zdravstvene organizacije, Strateško upravljanj
Dojemanje družbene odgovornosti podjetij s strani zaposlenih v prestižnih modnih podjetjih
No full textBackground and Purpose: The sustainability projected into Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is pivotal for luxury fashion businesses and they heavily refer to it. However, do their front-line employees follow this trend? To achieve an effective and efficient CSR, the front-line employees have to share the CSR perception advanced by their businesses. The main objective of the study is to discover, critically assess and compare the CSR perception of the front-line employees of the top luxury fashion industry businesses located in Prague, Czech Republic.
Design/Methodology/Approach: An investigative case study of the CSR approach of such employees of all ten top luxury fashion businesses in Prague is performed while using a holistic Meta-Analysis, a manual Delphi method and three rounds of interviews, along with mystery shopping techniques.
Results: The heterogenous conglomerate of data reveals: (i) problematic awareness of these employees, (ii) their ignorance of the legal setting, (iii) an imbalance and preferential focus, along with ignorance of certain CSR categories, (iv) direct and indirect contradictions and (v) a preoccupation with the fur issue.
Conclusions: This alarming inconsistencies and ambiguity have strong implications for both science and practice, they call for more studies, a deeper understanding of causes and a prompt correction in order to make the CSR perception of these important inside stakeholders be in line with expectations.
Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), EU law, Luxury fashion, Sustainability.Ozadje in namen: Trajnost, kot komponenta družbene odgovornosti podjetij, je ključna za prestižna modna podjetja; ta podjetja se nanjo tudi pogosto sklicujejo. Vendar, ali njihovi zaposleni, ki delajo s strankami, sledijo temu trendu? Da bi dosegli učinkovito in učinkovito družbeno odgovornost podjetij, se morajo tudi zaposleni, ki imajo neposreden stik s kupci, sprejeti percepcijo družbene odgovornosti podjetij, kjer delajo. Glavni cilj študije je ugotoviti, kritično oceniti in primerjati dojemanje družbene odgovornosti podjetij pri zaposlenih v podjetjih prestižne luksuzne modne industrije, ki se delujejo v Pragi na Češkem.
Oblikovanje / metodologija / pristop: Uporabili smo študijo primera družbene odgovornosti podjetij na vzorcu zaposlenih v vseh desetih prestižnih modnih podjetjih, ki so prisotna v Pragi. Uporabili smo celostno metaanalizo, ročno metodo Delphi in tri kroge intervjujev, skupaj z »mystery shopping« tehnikami.
Rezultati: Heterogeni konglomerat zbranih podatkov razkriva: (i) problematično ozaveščenost obravnavanih zaposlenih, (ii) njihovo nepoznavanje pravne ureditve, (iii) neravnovesje in prednostno osredotočenost na nekatere kategorije družbene odgovornosti, ob nepoznavanju drugih kategorij, (iv) neposredna in posredna nasprotja in (v) velika osredotočenost na temo »krzno«.
Zaključki: Ugotovitve opisanih nedoslednosti in dvoumnosti so pomembne tako na raziskovanje kot za prakso. Predlagamo, da se nadaljnje raziskave usmerijo na eni strani v globlje razumevanje vzrokov, po drugi pa v takojšnje ukrepanje, predvsem osveščanje zaposlenih v zvezi z družbeno odgovornostjo podjetij kjer delajo.
Ključne besede: Družbena odgovornost podjetij (CSR), Zakonodaja EU, Prestižna moda, Trajnost
Analiza odvisnosti med različnimi merami dobička in skupnimi sredstvi podjetij za poslovne subjekte Višegrajske skupine
No full textBackground and Purpose: Models of identifying and predicting earnings management in companies by using accruals are in general based on the dependence between total assets of companies and various profit measures. In this paper, we focused on an initial dependency analysis between these business indicators in the Visegrad group’s business entities. We explore the mentioned relationships, verify, and quantify the strength of the dependencies between earnings levels of companies (in terms of economic evaluation of the return on business capital in absolute terms) and the value of their total assets (i.e. business capital tied in the assets without its further classification and analysis).
Methodology: We use descriptive statistics as well as a correlation analysis based on the real business data on almost 300 thousand companies in the V4 countries from the Amadeus database, covering the period from 2013 to 2017. Finally, we use a comparative analysis to identify disproportion among the results that were found out for each of the analysed countries.
Results: The analysis showed that Slovak companies have the average values of profit measures and total assets comparable to Hungarian companies. Czech and Polish companies have several times higher average values of profit measures and also of total assets than Slovak and Hungarian companies. The analysis of the development of the profit measures and the total assets of the companies over the years showed significant differences across the four countries during the period covered by this study.
Conclusion: The analysis of relationships between total assets of the companies and their profit measures showed that the strength of these dependencies among countries is very similar, and over the years, these results did not change. The results of this study can be further used in the creation of the earnings management model in enterprises, both in Slovakia and in other V4 countries.
Keywords: profit measures; total assets; earnings management; correlationOzadnje in namen: Modeli določanja in napovedovanja upravljanja dobička v podjetjih z uporabo nastanka poslovnega dogodka na splošno temeljijo na odvisnosti med celotnim premoženjem podjetij in različnimi profitnimi merami. V tem prispevku smo se osredotočili na začetno analizo odvisnosti med temi kazalniki poslovanja v poslovnih subjektih držav Višegrajske skupine. Preučujemo omenjena razmerja, preverjamo in količinsko opredelimo moč odvisnosti med stopnjami dobička podjetij (v smislu absolutnega ekonomskega vrednotenja donosa na poslovni kapital) in vrednostjo njihovega skupnega premoženja (tj. poslovnega kapitala, povezanega v sredstva brez njegove nadaljnje razvrstitve in analize).
Metodologija: Uporabljamo opisno statistiko in korelacijsko analizo, ki temelji na dejanskih poslovnih podatkih o skoraj 300 tisoč podjetjih v državah V4 iz baze Amadeus, ki zajemajo obdobje od leta 2013 do 2017. Primerjalno analizo smo uporabili za ugotavljanje nesorazmerje med rezultati, ki so bili ugotovljeni za vsako analizirano državo.
Rezultati: Analiza je pokazala, da imajo slovaška podjetja povprečne vrednosti mer za dobiček in skupna sredstva, primerljiva z madžarskimi podjetji. Češka in poljska podjetja imajo nekajkrat višje povprečne vrednosti mer za dobiček in tudi celotno premoženje kot slovaška in madžarska podjetja. Analiza razvoja profitnih ukrepov in celotnega premoženja podjetij v letih je pokazala pomembne razlike v štirih državah v obdobju, ki ga zajema ta študija.
Zaključek: Analiza razmerij med celotnim premoženjem podjetij in njihovimi profitnimi ukrepi je pokazala, da je moč teh odvisnosti med državami zelo podobna, z leti pa se ti rezultati niso spreminjali. Rezultate te študije je mogoče nadalje uporabiti pri oblikovanju modela upravljanja zaslužka v podjetjih, tako na Slovaškem kot v drugih državah V4.
Ključne besede: ukrepi za dobiček, bilančna vsota, upravljanje dohodka, korelacij
Empirična študija vloge navezanosti strank v južnoafriških zasebnih bolnišnicah
No full textBackground and purpose: Relationship marketing literature acknowledges the important role of attachment in customer-organization relationships, but shows limited theoretical and empirical understanding of the factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of attached customers. To address this gap, this paper draws on the relationship marketing view and synthesizes important relationship constructs with the aim of developing a mediated attachment model for private hospitals in South Africa. Design/Methodology/Approach: A quantitative descriptive research design was implemented, collecting 303 useable questionnaires via non-probability convenience sampling. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients and a confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to determine the reliability and validity of the measures respectively, and a SEM was conducted for the mediation analysis. Results: The results indicate that respondents’ relationship value was significantly related to attachment, loyalty and fear of relationship loss, and attachment was significantly related to loyalty and fear of relationship loss. Moreover, the indirect effect of attachment in the relationship between relationship value and loyalty, as well as in the relationship between relationship value and fear of relationship loss was found to be significant. Conclusion: Attachment plays a significant role in both the direct and indirect relationships with key relationship marketing constructs. The importance of attachment in building patient-hospital relationships should therefore not be ignored, and private hospitals are encouraged to invest in their relationships with patients, with the aim of establishing attachment. Keywords: Attachment, Fear of relationship loss, Loyalty, Private hospitals, Relationship valueOzadje in namen: Literatura o odnosnem marketingu priznava pomembno vlogo navezanosti v odnosih med stranko in organizacijo, vendar kaže na omejeno teoretično in empirično razumevanje dejavnikov, ki prispevajo k razvoju in vzdrževanju navezanosti strank. Da bi zapolnili to vrzel, se članek opira na odnosni marketing in sintetizira pomembne konstrukte odnosov z namenom razviti posredni model navezanosti na zasebne bolnišnice v Južni Afriki.
Zasnova / metodologija / pristop: Izvedena je bila kvantitativna deskriptivna zasnova raziskave. Z nenaključnim vzorčenjem med pacienti/strankami smo zbrali 303 uporabnih vprašalnikov. Za določitev zanesljivosti in veljavnosti podatkov sta bila izvedena Cronbachov koeficient alfa in potrditvena faktorska analiza, za mediacijsko analizo pa SEM.
Rezultati: Rezultati kažejo, da je bila vrednost razmerja anketirancev bistveno povezana z navezanostjo, zvestobo in strahom pred izgubo razmerja, navezanost pa je bila pomembno povezana z zvestobo in strahom pred izgubo zveze. Poleg tega se je izkazal za pomembnega posredni učinek navezanosti na razmerje med vrednostjo razmerja in zvestobo ter na razmerje med vrednostjo razmerja in strahom pred izgubo razmerja.
Zaključek: Navezanost igra pomembno vlogo tako v neposrednih kot posrednih odnosih s ključnimi konstrukti odnosnega marketinga. Zato ne smemo prezreti pomena navezanosti pri vzpostavljanju odnosov med bolnikom in bolnišnico, zasebne bolnišnice pa spodbujamo, da vlagajo v svoje odnose s pacienti, da bi vzpostavile to navezanost.
Ključne besede: Navezanost, Strah pred izgubo razmerja, Zvestoba, Zasebne bolnišnice, Vrednost razmerj
Okoljsko poročanje in hitrost prilagajanja ciljnemu vzvodu: ugotovitve iz modela dinamičnega preklopnega režima
No full textBackground and Purpose: This study investigates the impact of environmental reporting on speed of adjustment and adjustment costs which is evaluated based on the ability of firms to adjust to target leverage level for non-financial firms listed in the Malaysian Stock Exchange (Bursa Malaysia).
Design/Methodology/ Approach: The study selects Malaysian firms based on the contracting and political cost of the economy which is seen as a relationship-based economy. This in turn influences a firm’s ability to obtain external financing and thus has an important impact on capital structure decisions. In addition, the method employed allows for a direct measure on adjustment cost for firms. The current study utilises a dynamic regime switching model based on the DPF estimator to estimate rate of adjustment to optimal target levels based on the distinction of environmental reporting of public listed firms. The approach allows statistical inferences to control for potential serial correlation, endogeneity and heterogeneity concerns which accounts for firm specific characteristics.
Results: The empirical findings suggest voluntary disclosure on environmental reporting increases a firm’s ability to access external financing at a cheaper cost as evidenced by a more rapid rate of adjustment. The findings are consistent across differing endogenous and exogenous factors indicating that these firms tend to face lower adjustment costs.
Conclusion: The current study provides a direct measure on the ability of firms to adjust to target levels via security issues and repurchases in the capital markets. This in turn is a reflection of perceived riskiness and value from the investors’ point of view in an emerging market. Prior studies have focused on environmental reporting and equity risk premiums and have not evaluated the direct impact on firm value given that the trade-off theory of capital structure predicts that firm value is maximised at target i.e. optimal levels of leverage. This study addresses the current gap in the literature by evaluating the impact on firms’ value, based on the adjustment cost.
Keywords: Environmental reporting, capital structure, speed of adjustment, DPF estimator, dynamic panel dataOzadje in namen: Študija preučuje vpliv poročanja o okolju na hitrost prilagajanja in stroške prilagajanja, ki se oceni na podlagi sposobnosti podjetij, da se prilagodijo ciljnemu nivoju finančnega vzvoda za nefinančna podjetja. Nanaša se na podjetja, ki kotirajo na Malezijski borzi (Bursa Malaysia).
Zasnova / Metodologija / Pristop: Študija se usmerja na malezijska podjetja na podlagi pogodbene in politične ekonomije stroškov, ki se obravnava kot ekonomija, ki temelji na odnosih. To pa vpliva na sposobnost podjetja za pridobitev zunanjega financiranja in tako pomembno vpliva na odločitve o kapitalski strukturi. Poleg tega uporabljena metoda omogoča neposreden ukrep za prilagoditvene stroške za podjetja. Naša študija uporablja model preklopa dinamičnega režima, ki temelji na DPF ocenjevalniku za oceno stopnje prilagajanja optimalnim ciljnim ravnim na podlagi razlikovanja v poročanju o okolju javnih podjetij, ki kotirajo na borzi. Pristop omogoča statistični sklepni nadzor za morebitne serijske korelacije, endogenosti in heterogenosti, ki predstavljajo posebne lastnosti firme.
Rezultati: Empirične ugotovitve kažejo, da prostovoljno razkritje poročanja o okolju poveča sposobnost podjetja za dostop do zunanjega financiranja po nižjih stroških, na kar kaže hitrejša prilagoditev. Ugotovitve so skladne v različnih endogenih in eksogenih dejavnikih, kar kaže, da se ta podjetja soočajo z nižjimi stroški prilagoditve.
Zaključek: Študija ponuja neposredno merilo sposobnosti podjetij, da se prilagodijo ciljnim stopnjam z varnostnimi vprašanji in odkupi na kapitalskih trgih. To je odraz zaznane tveganosti in vrednosti z vidika vlagateljev na razvijajočem se trgu. Predhodne študije so se osredotočale na okoljsko poročanje in premije na lastniške rizike in niso ovrednotile neposrednega vpliva na vrednost podjetja, glede na to, da teorija kompromisne kapitalske strukture predvideva, da se vrednost podjetja poveča na ciljne, tj. optimalne ravni finančnega vzvoda. Študija obravnava trenutno vrzel v literaturi s tem, ko ocenjuje vpliv na vrednost podjetij na podlagi stroškov prilagoditve.
Ključne besede: okoljsko poročanje, struktura kapitala, hitrost prilagajanja, ocenjevalec DPF, dinamični podatk
Dejavniki globalne konkurenčnosti v državah Evropske unije v letih 2014 in 2017
No full textBackground and Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to find the key drivers of Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) in the European Union (EU-28) countries from the aspect of country’s global competitiveness: institutions, macroeconomic environment, infrastructure, higher education, market effectiveness, market size, technological readiness, innovation and business sophistication.
Methodology: This paper investigates global competitiveness of the EU-28 countries with the use of GCI in the periods 2014-2015 and 2017-2018. The correlation analysis and regression analysis are applied for testing the set two hypotheses.
Results: The empirical results confirmed our hypotheses that GCI is particularly significantly positively correlated with innovation and business sophistication, and universities-industry collaboration in researches, and clusters development.
Conclusion: The paper contributes to the literature of global competitiveness, by examining the relationship of sub-indexes of competitiveness of the EU-28 countries, pointing out the influence of universities-industries collaboration in researches and cluster development with geographic concentration of companies. The results and findings can be relevant for science, economic and research policy, and managerial practices that enhance innovation and business sophistication for research in collaboration of companies, universities, higher education institutions, and decision makers. The implications of this study can be important for better understanding of drivers of the EU-28 countries global competitiveness.
Keywords: competitiveness, economic activities, global competitiveness index, innovationOzadje in namen: Glavni namen raziskave je ugotoviti ključne dejavnike globalnega indeksa konkurenčnosti (GCI) v državah Evropske unije (EU-28) z vidika globalne konkurenčnosti države: institucije, makroekonomsko okolje, infrastruktura, visoko šolstvo, učinkovitost trga, velikost trga, tehnološka pripravljenost, inovacije in poslovna prefinjenost.
Metodologija: Članek raziskuje globalno konkurenčnost držav EU-28 z uporabo GCI v obdobjih 2014–2015 in 2017– 2018. Korelacijska analiza in regresijska analiza se uporabljata za testiranje postavljenih dveh hipotez.
Rezultati: Empirični rezultati so potrdili postavljeni hipotezi, da je GCI zelo pomembno pozitivno povezan z inovacijami in poslovno sofisticiranostjo, sodelovanjem med univerzami in industrijo v raziskavah in z razvojem grozdov.
Zaključek: Raziskava prispeva k literaturi o svetovni konkurenčnosti s preučevanjem razmerja podindeksov konkurenčnosti držav EU-28. Poudarja na vpliv sodelovanja univerz in industrije pri raziskavah in razvoju grozdov z geografsko koncentracijo podjetij. Rezultati in ugotovitve so lahko pomembni za znanost, ekonomsko in raziskovalno politiko ter vodstvene prakse, ki povečujejo inovativnost in poslovno prefinjenost raziskav v sodelovanju podjetij, univerz, visokošolskih zavodov in odločevalcev. Implikacije raziskave so lahko pomembne za boljše razumevanje dejavnikov globalne konkurenčnosti držav EU-28.
Ključne besede: konkurenčnost, gospodarske dejavnosti, indeks globalne konkurenčnosti, inovacij
Vpliv dinamičnih zmožnosti dobavne verige na operativno uspešnost
No full textBackground and purpose: Literature is lacking on how supply chain dynamic capabilities influence operational performance. This study aims to empirically investigate the impact of supply chain dynamic capabilities on operational performance in Hungarian manufacturing companies.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used an online survey for data collection. The model is tested with data from 208 supply chain management professionals from Hungarian manufacturing industry. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to test the proposed hypotheses.
Results: The empirical results indicate that supply chain dynamic capabilities namely; collaboration capability, agility capability, and responsiveness capability are significantly and positively associated with operational performance. However, the results show that integration capability has no significant impact on operational performance
Conclusion: The study concludes that in a dynamic environment, developing supply chain dynamic capabilities can help manufacturing company managers to build effective supply chains and achieve superior performance. Further, managers need to recognize that supply chain dynamic capabilities are multidimensional and each dimension has different effects on operational performance. Also, the study provides theoretical and managerial implications that are further discussed in detail.
Keywords: Dynamic capabilities, Supply chain, Operational performanceOzadje in namen: V literaturi najdemo malo raziskav o tem, kako dinamične zmogljivosti dobavne verige vplivajo na njeno operativno uspešnost. Namen te študije je empirično raziskati vpliv dinamičnih zmožnosti dobavne verige na operativne rezultate v madžarskih proizvodnih podjetjih.
Zasnova / metodologija / pristop: Študija je uporabila spletno anketo za zbiranje podatkov, v kateri je sodelovalo 208 strokovnjakov za upravljanje dobavne verige iz madžarske predelovalne industrije. Za testiranje predlaganih hipotez so uporabili modeliranje strukturnih enačb (SEM).
Rezultati: Empirični rezultati kažejo, da so dinamične zmogljivosti oskrbovalne verige, namreč; sposobnost sodelovanja, sposobnost prilagajanja in odzivnost pomembno in pozitivno povezane z operativno učinkovitostjo. Rezultati pa kažejo, da zmožnost integracije nima pomembnega vpliva na operativno uspešnost.
Zaključek: Študija ugotavlja, da lahko v dinamičnem okolju razvoj dinamičnih zmogljivosti oskrbovalne verige pomaga vodjem proizvodnih podjetij, da zgradijo učinkovite dobavne verige in dosežejo boljše rezultate. Nadalje morajo upravitelji prepoznati, da so dinamične zmogljivosti dobavne verige večdimenzionalne in ima vsaka dimenzija različne učinke na operativno uspešnost. Študija podaja tudi teoretične in vodstvene posledice, ki so podrobneje predstavljene v članku.
Ključne besede: Dinamične zmogljivosti, Dobavna veriga, Operativna uspešnos
