Organization - Journal of Management, Informatics and Human Resources / Organizacija - Revija za management, informatiko in kadre (University of Maribor)
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Sistemski pristop k turizmu: metodologija za definiranje kompleksnega turističnega sistema
No full textBackground and Purpose: The complexity of the tourism system, as well as modelling in a frame of system dynamics, will be discussed in this paper. The phaenomenon of tourism, which possesses the typical properties of global and local organisations, will be presented as an open complex system with all its elements, and an optimal methodology to explain the relations among them. The approach we want to present is due to its transparency an excellent tool for searching systems solutions and serves also as a strategic decision-making assessment. We will present systems complexity and develop three models of a complex tourism system: the first one will present tourism as an open complex system with its elements, which operate inside of a tourism market area. The elements of this system present subsystems, which relations and interdependencies will be explained with two models: causal-loop diagram and a simulation model in frame of systems dynamics.
Design/methodology/approach: Systems methodology will be shown as the appropriate one, when we discuss complex systems challenges. For illustration, systems approach and systems methodology will be applied to tourism models. With building a qualitative causal-loop diagram we will describe the tourism system complexity in forms of system’s elements relations. Mutual influences among the elements will be presented with positive and negative loops, which forms circles of reinforcement and balance. This will help us to discuss the problem categorically. The final model will follow the causal-loop diagram. This will be a simulation model in a frame of system dynamics as an illustration of the discussed methodology.
Results: The methodology offers the solution of effective and holistic promotion of complex tourism system transformation, which has the potential to go beyond the myth of sustainable tourism and create significant shifts in the approach and acting of the participants (elements of the system) involved. Systems approach brings to tourism and the society, in general, broader dimensions of thinking, the awareness interdependency, interconnectivity, and responsibility for the behaviour of a system, which can be observed by feedback loops.
Conclusions: Findings about meaningfulness of systems thinking presented in the paper, are rarely presented to tourism society systemically and with the aim of designing sustainable complex tourism system. They show new approach, systems awareness and teaches thinking “out of the box”. Consequently, the sustainable behaviour is achieved: tourism supply and demand meet on responsible base and they connect to responsible stakeholders.Ozadje in namen: Namen članka je obravnava kompleksnega turističnega sistema kot tudi sistemsko modeliranje in modeliranje v okviru sistemske dinamike. Pojav turizma, ki poseduje tipične lastnosti globalnih in lokalnih organizacij bo predstavljen kot odprt kompleksni sistem z vsem svojimi elementi in preko optimalne metodologije za razlago odnosov med njimi. Zaradi svoje transparentnosti je pristop, ki ga želimo predstaviti odlično orodje pri iskanju sistemskih rešitev, hkrati pa služi kot pripomoček za strateško odločanje. Predstavili bomo sistemsko kompleksnost in razvili tri modele kompleksnega turističnega sistema: prvi model bo predstavil turizem kot odprt kompleksni turistični sistem z vsemi elementi, ki delujejo znotraj sistema turističnega trga. Elementi kompleksnega turističnega sistema predstavljajo podsisteme, katerih medsebojne odnose in medsebojne odvisnosti bomo pojasnili preko dveh modelov: vzročno-zančnega diagrama ter simulacijskega modela v okviru sistemske dinamike.
Oblikovanje/metodologija/pristop: Sistemska metodologija bo predstavljena kot metodologija primerna za obravnavo izzivov kompleksnih sistemov. Za ilustracijo bosta sistemski pristop in metodologija uporabljena pri turističnih modelih. Z gradnjo kvalitativnega vzročno-zančnega diagrama bomo opisali kompleksnost turističnega sistema v obliki odnosov med elementi sistema. Medsebojni učinki elementov prikazani s pozitivnimi in negativnimi povratnimi zankami, ki tvorijo kroge krepitve in regulacije. To nam bo pomagalo razpravljati o problemu kategorično. Končni model bo sledil vzročno- zančnemu. To bo simulacijski model v okviru sistemske dinamike kot ilustracija obravnavane metodologije.
Rezultati: Metodologija ponuja rešitev učinkovite in celostne promocije transformacije kompleksnega turističnega sistema, ki ima potencial preseči mit trajnostnega turizma in ustvariti preskok s pristopom in delovanjem vseh udeležencev (elementov sistema). Sistemski pristop prinaša turizmu in družbi na splošno, širše dimenzije razmišljanja, zavest o medsebojni odvisnosti, povezanosti in odgovornosti za obnašanje sistema, ki ga lahko opazujemo preko njegovih povratnih zank.
Zaključki: Spoznanja o vrednosti in uporabnosti sistemskega načina razmišljanja, ki ga predstavljamo v članku, so v turističnem okolju redko predstavljena celostno in z namenom prikaza oblikovanja kompleksnega turističnega sistema. Prikazujejo nov pristop, sistemsko zavest in učijo razmišljanje »izven škatle«. Posledično s tem dosežemo trajnostno obnašanje znotraj kompleksnega turističnega sistema: turistični trg se s svojimi elementi srečuje na osnovi sistemske odgovornosti in povezuje z odgovornimi deležniki znotraj sistema in v njegovem okolju
Vpliv kontingenčnih dejavnikov na izvajanje dejavnosti obvladovanja fizičnih sredstev
No full textPurpose: The purpose of this empirical study is to examine the role of two contingency factors, i.e. uncertainty and competitiveness in relation to physical asset management (PAM) practices as well as to maintenance key performance indicators. The research is based on a premise that PAM, which was defined by risk management practices, performance assessment practices, life cycle management practices, and policy and strategy practices, has become an indispensable element of strategic thinking of asset owners as well as maintenance and asset managers. The purpose of this study is to advance the understanding of how organizations that face high or low level of uncertainty and competitiveness respond in terms of PAM deployment. Methodology/Approach: This study employed a data set based on a large-scale survey among organizations in six European countries (i.e. Slovenia, Poland, Greece, Sweden, Turkey and Slovakia). Data were collected from 138 organizations located in the above-mentioned countries to conduct the study. Findings: The results show that organizations that are faced with high level of uncertainty and competitiveness are more engaged in the deployment of PAM practices. Moreover, results show that when organizations are facing high levels of competitiveness they are using KPIs to a greater extent than organizations under low levels of competitiveness. Originality/value: From a theoretical perspective, this study contributes to the contingency theory by providing empirical evidence whether a context-dependent approach to PAM is needed. The findings also provide insights for managers on how to respond to the competitive pressure as well as how to customize PAM practices in order to adapt to the changes in dynamic organizational environment.Namen: Namen pričujoče empirične raziskave je preučiti vlogo dveh kontingenčnih dejavnikov, t.i. negotovosti in konkurenčnost v povezavi z oblvadovanjem fizičnih sredstev (physical asset management - PAM), kakor tudi v povezavi s ključnimi kazalniki učinkovitosti in uspešnosti vzdrževanja. Raziskava temelji na predpostavki, da dejavnosti obvladovanja fizičnih sredstev, ki so opredeljene z dimenzijami kot so obvladovanje tveganj, ocenjevanje učinkovitosti in uspešnosti, obvladovanje življenjskega cikla ter politika in strategija, so postali nepogrešljiv del strateškega razmišljanja lastnikov fizičnih sredstev, kakor tudi managerjev s področja vzdrževanja in PAM. Namen raziskave je poglobiti razumevanje odzivanja organizacij na visoko ali nizko stopnjo negotovosti in konkurenčnosti z vidika implementacije PAM.
Metodologija/pristop: Podatki v članku temeljijo na izvedeni anketni raziskavi med organizacijami iz šestih evropskih držav (Slovenija, Poljska, Grčija, Švedska, Turčija in Slovaška). Podatki so bili zbrani iz 138 organizacij, ki se nahajajo v omenjenih državah.
Ugotovitve: Rezultati kažejo, da organizacije, ki se soočajo z visoko stopnjo negotovosti in konkurenčnost se bolj uspešni pri vključevanju dejavnosti PAM v organizacijo. Nadalje, rezultati kažejo, da če se organizacije soočajo z visoko stopnjo konkurenčnosti uporabljajo ključne kazalnike učinkovitosti in uspešnosti vzdrževanja ter PAM v večji meri kot organizacije podvržene nizki stopnji konkurenčnosti.
Izvirnost/pomembnost prispevka: S teoretičnega vidika, pričujoča raziskava prispeva k kontingenčni teoriji z zagotovitvijo empiričnih dokazov, ki prikazujejo ali je potreben kontekstno odvisen pristop k PAM. Rezultati raziskave tudi nudijo spoznanje managerjem o tem kako se odzvati na pritisk konkurence in katere so dejavnosti PAM, ki organizaciji omogočajo, da se prilagodi na spremembe v dinamičnem poslovnem okolju
Analiza interakcije ključnih deležnikov na B2C e-trgih - modeliranje in simulacija z uporabo agentov
No full textBackground/purpose: This paper discusses the application of ABMS – agent-based modelling and simulation in the analysis of customer behaviour on B2C e-commerce websites as well as in the analysis of various business decisions upon the effects of on-line sales. The continuous development and dynamics in the field of e-commerce requires application of advanced decision-making tools. These tools must be able to process, in a short time period, a large amount of data generated by the e-commerce systems and enable the use of acquired data for making quality business decisions.
Methodology: The methodology of the agent-based simulation used in this paper may significantly enhance the speed and quality of decision making in electronic trade. The models developed for the needs of this research aim to improve the use of practical tools for the evaluation of the B2C online sales systems in that they allow for an investigation into the outcomes of varied strategies in the e-commerce site management as regards customer behaviour, website visits, scope of sales, income earned, etc.
Results: An agent-based simulation model developed for the needs of this research is able to track the interactions of key subjects in online sales: site visitors – prospective consumers, sellers with different business strategies, and suppliers.
Conclusion: Simulation model presented in this paper can be used as a tool to ensure a better insight into the problem of consumer behavior on the Internet. Companies engaged in the B2C e-commerce can use simulation results to better understand their consumers, improve market segmentation and business profitability and test their business policies.Izhodišče / namen: Članek obravnava uporabo AMB metode modeliranja, ki temelji na uporabi agentov in simulacije, in analizira vedenje kupcev na B2C poslovnih spletnih straneh, kot tudi analizira posledice različnih poslovnih odločitev na prodajo na spletu. Hiter razvoj in dinamika na področju e-poslovanja zahtevata uporabo naprednih orodij odločanja. Ta orodja mora biti sposobna v kratkem časovnem obdobju obdelati velike količine podatkov, pridobljenih s sistemi za e-poslovanje in omogočili uporabo pridobljenih podatkov za pripravo kakovostnih poslovnih odločitev.
Metodologija: Uporabili smo metodo simulacije, ki temelji na agentu, kar lahko bistveno poveča hitrost in kakovost odločanja v elektronski trgovini. Modeli so bili razviti za potrebe te raziskave, so namenjeni izboljšanju uporabe praktičnih orodij za oceno B2C spletnih prodajnih sistemov, tako, da omogočajo raziskati posledice različnih strategij v upravljanju e-prodajnega mesta, glede na obnašanje strank, obiske spletnih strani, obseg prodaje, prihodek, itd.
Rezultati: Razvili smo simulacijski model, ki temelji na agentu, in omogoča spremljati interakcije ključnih deležnikov v spletni prodaji: obiskovalcev strani - bodočih potrošnikov, prodajalcev z različnimi poslovnimi strategijami in dobaviteljev.
Zaključek: Simulacijski model predstavljen v tem prispevku se lahko uporablja kot orodje, da si zagotovimo boljši vpogled v problematiko vedenja potrošnikov na internetu. Podjetja, ki se ukvarjajo s B2C e-poslovanjem, lahko uporabijo rezultate simulacij, da bi bolje razumeli svoje potrošnike, izboljšali tržno segmentacijo in donosnost poslovanja in preverili svojo poslovno politiko
Psihično nasilje v podjetju: stanje in tipologija
No full textBackground and purpose: The individual is exposed to ever more covert psychological violence or mobbing in workplace within companies. The aim of this study is to analyse the level and the types of psychological violence within a company in which the individual works in their daily lives.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Using systematic method current mobbing literature reviews were analysed. Based on a review and analysis of the literature, we recognised increasing amounts of workplace bullying. Then we used and extended Dilts’ model and created a model in which we portrayed the different levels and types of bullying in a company. The presented model is a tool for identifying workplace violence within the company.
Results: At the company environment level, there is much bullying associated with social-demographic characteristics and working conditions. At the level of individual behaviour, the type of mobbing exists that is associated with the company’s leadership styles. At the level of professional qualifications, a lack of confidence causes mobbing. At the level of values and beliefs, mobbing is present in attitudes and behavioural intentions. At the level of identity, we can observe mobbing according to sexual identity. At the level of organizational culture, we can recognize a type of mobbing called ‘obsessive dedication’ to working efficiency and organizational silence.
Conclusion: Based on the analysis of selected literature we exposed a range of types and levels of mobbing in company. The expanded Model on levels of mobbing in companies provides a framework for collecting information. The user can identify workplace violence and each strategic organizational level in the work organizationOzadje in namen: Posameznik je izpostavljen vse bolj prikritim oblikam psihičnega nasilja ali trpinčenja na delovnem mestu v podjetjih. Namen študije je analizirati ravni in vrste psihičnega nasilja znotraj podjetja, v katerem posameznik deluje v njihovem vsakdanjem življenju.
Oblikovanje / metodologija / pristop: Uporabili smo sistematično metodo in pregledali literaturo o mobingu. Na osnovi pregleda in analize literature smo ugotovili, da se povečuje obseg trpinčenja na delovnem mestu. Potem smo uporabili in razširiti Diltsov model, v katerem smo prikazali različne ravni in vrste nadlegovanja na delovnem mestu v podjetju. Predstavljeni model je orodje za prepoznavanje nasilja na delovnem mestu v podjetju.
Rezultati: Na ravni družbenega okolja prepoznamo psihično nasilje, ki je povezano s socialno-demografskimi značilnostmi in delovnimi pogoji. Na ravni posameznikovega vedenja, obstaja vrsta mobinga, ki je povezana s stili vodenja podjetja. Na ravni posameznikovih sposobnosti povzroča mobing pomanjkanje zaupanja. Na ravni vrednot in prepričanj je mobing prisoten v odnosih in vedenjskih namerah. Na ravni identitete lahko opazujemo mobing glede na spolno identiteto. Na ravni organizacijske kulture, lahko prepoznamo vrsto mobinga, imenovano „obsesivno predanost« delovni učinkovitosti in organizacijski tišini.
Zaključek: Na podlagi analize izbrane literature smo izpostavili različne ravni in vrste mobinga v družbi. Razširjeni Model stopenj in vrst mobinga v podjetjih določa okvir za zbiranje podatkov. Uporabnik lahko prepozna nasilje na delovnem mestu in na vsaki strateško- organizacijski ravni v podjetju
Razlike med narodnimi kulturami so pomembne – primer slovensko-korejskega delovnega okolja
No full textAims: Global business today usually requires organizations to be present locally in countries where their customers are. To do this successfully, good cooperation with local people is needed. Therefore, this paper focuses on the integration of cultures in the business world. The insights from this study are expected to benefit Slovenian expatriates to foreign companies in South Korea, as well as national culture researchers. The main goals of this research include a comparison of Hofstede’s IBM survey results with the researched working environment, and identifying the benefits of merging two national cultures for the working environment.
Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to purposive samples within the researched working environments and the collected data analysed used SPSS, where the hypotheses were tested using a chi-square test and t-test for independent samples.
Results: The results revealed significant differences between the two national cultures in the working environment, e.g.: fear of expressing disagreement towards superiors, commitment to work, preference of challenges, tendency to avoid conflicts and innovations – all differed according to nationality.
Conclusion: Working together with people from different cultures requires a certain amount of adaptation (learning about another culture, expecting situations that are not usual). If this adaptation is successful, then cooperation between the different cultures can also be successful, leading to a potential output that is even better than cooperation between people from the same culture.Cilji: Globalni posel danes po navadi od organizacij terja, da so prisotne lokalno v državah, kjer so njihovi kupci. Za uspeh tega je potrebno dobro sodelovanje z domačini, zato se ta članek osredotoča na integracijo različnih narodnih kultur v poslovnem svetu. Doprinos članka je pričakovan za slovenske delavce v tujih podjetjih v Južni Koreji, kot tudi za ostale raziskovalce narodnih kultur. Glavni cilji te raziskave vključujejo primerjavo rezultatov Hofstedejeve IBM raziskave z raziskovanim delovnim okoljem, kot tudi ugotavljanje prednosti za delovno okolje pri združitvah dveh narodnih kultur.
Metode: Ciljnim skupinam znotraj raziskovanega delovnega okolja je bil razdeljen vprašalnik, zbrani podatki pa analizirani s pomočjo SPSS, pri čemer so bile hipoteze testirane s hi-kvadrat testi in t-testi za neodvisne vzorce.
Rezultati: Rezultati so pokazali značilne razlike med dvema narodnima kulturama znotraj delovnega okolja. Razlike glede na narodnost so tako pristone npr. pri strahu ped izražanjem nestrinjanja z nadrejenim, predanosti delu, obravnavanju izzivov, nagnjenosti k izogibanju konfliktom in inovacijam.
Zaključek: Delo z ljudmi iz drugih narodnih kultur zahteva določeno mero prilagodljivosti (učenje o drugi kulturi, pričakovanje neobičajnih situacij). Če je ta prilagoditev uspešna, potem je lahko upsešno tudi sodelovanje med različnimi kulturami, kar lahko pripelje do rezultatov, ki so lahko še boljši kot rezultati kadar delajo skupaj ljudje iz iste narodne kulture
Empirična raziskava o povezavi med podjetniškimi sposobnostmi in inovativnostjo naslednikov v družinskih MSP
No full textBackground and Purpose: In the recent period, scholarly interest for family entrepreneurship and succession has been increasing while the question of innovative capability of family SMEs and of innovativeness of founders and successors is relatively unexplored. Little is known about the factors, which are positively correlated, or affect innovativeness of successors in family SMEs.This research explores the relationship between entrepreneurial competences of the founders in family SMEs and innovativeness of their successors.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The target group were family SMEs of the first and the second generation – their founders and successors in Slovenia. As our research includes two independent samples with mostly ordinal data, we used univariate (analysis of means, variance, reliability index Cronbach alpha, t-test) and multivariate (simultaneous analysis of more variables, correlation) statistical methods to study the two constructs - entrepreneurial competences of the founders and innovativeness of successors, to test the positive correlation between the two.
Results: Results indicate that entrepreneurial competences like creativity, attitude toward risk-taking, attitude toward negotiations, technical knowledge and skills and marketing knowledge and skills of the founders in family SMEs positively correlate with innovativeness of successors. The results of this study indicate that entrepreneurial competences of founders are important factor for fostering innovativeness of successors.
Conclusion: This paper links the two studied constructs and presents a valuable contribution for entrepreneurship theory; therefore, the results could be used for a further scientific research as also for practical implications.Ozadje in namen: V zadnjem obdobju se znanstveni interes za družinsko podjetništvo in nasledstvo povečuje, medtem ko je vprašanje inovacijske sposobnosti družinskih MSP in inovativnosti ustanoviteljev in naslednikov relativno neraziskano. Malo je znanega o dejavnikih, ki so pozitivno povezani ali vplivajo na inovativnost naslednikov v družinskih MSP. Raziskava se ukvarja s povezavo med podjetniškimi sposobnostmi ustanoviteljev v družinskih MSP in inovativnostjo njihovih naslednikov.
Oblikovanje / Metodologija / Pristop: Ciljna skupina so bila družinska MSP iz prve in druge generacije - njihovi ustanovitelji in nasledniki v Sloveniji. Ker naša raziskava vključuje dva neodvisna vzorca z večinoma ordinalnimi podatki, smo uporabili univariatne (analiza sredin, variance, indeks zanesljivosti Cronbach alfa, t-test) in multivariatne (istočasna analiza več spremenljivk, korelacije) statistične metode za preučevanje dveh konstruktov - podjetniške sposobnosti ustanoviteljev in inovativnosti naslednikov, z namenom testiranja pozitivne korelacije med njima.
Rezultati: Rezultati kažejo, da so podjetniške sposobnosti kot so kreativnost, odnos do prevzemanja tveganj, odnos do pogajanj, tehnično znanje in spretnosti in tržno znanje in spretnosti ustanoviteljev v družinskih MSP pozitivno povezane z inovativnostjo naslednikov. Rezultati raziskave kažejo, da so podjetniške sposobnosti ustanoviteljev pomemben dejavnik za spodbujanje inovativnosti naslednikov.
Zaključek: V članku povezujemo dva proučevana konstrukta in to predstavlja dragocen prispevek za teorijo podjetništva; zato lahko rezultate uporabimo za nadaljnje znanstvene raziskave, in jih interpretiramo v smeri, ki bi lahko izboljšala stanje na področju obravnavane problematike
Vpliv organizacijskih dejavnikov na odnos do uporabe analitičnih orodij informacijske rešitve CRM
No full textBackground and Purpose: Information solutions for analytical customer relationship management CRM (aCRM IS) that include the use of analytical tools are becoming increasingly important, due organizations’ need for knowledge of their customers and the ability to manage big data. The objective of the research is, therefore, to determine how the organizations’
orientations (process, innovation, and technology) as critical organizational factors affect the attitude towards the use of the analytical tools of aCRM IS.
Design/Methodology/Approach: To measure the orientation of the organization (process, innovation, and technology), we redesigned the existing scale, which was validated using exploratory factor analysis. In the next phase, we created a model by which we examined the impact of the organization’s stance in relation to the use of the analytical tools of aCRM IS, where we used multiple regression analysis. The model was verified on a sample of Slovenian Organizations (n=105), which use the analytical tools of aCRM IS for analyzing the data they have on their customers and business partners.
Results: In the study we found that all critical factors of the organization, specifically process, technology, and innovation orientation, have a positive impact on the attitudes towards using the analytical tools of aCRM IS. Innovation orientation is particularly important and has the strongest influence on the attitude towards using the analytical tools of aCRM IS. We found that innovation orientation on new ideas, methods, and approaches has the strongest effect, followed by the impact of innovation orientation on acceptance of novelty.
Conclusion: The more innovation-, technology-, and process-oriented organizations are, the more positive their attitude towards using the analytical tools of aCRM IS. The study is particularly important for organizations that are introducing an aCRM IS into their business system.Ozadje in namen: Informacijska rešitev analitičnega upravljanja s strankami (aCRM IR) zajema med drugim uporabo analitičnih orodij, ki zaradi potrebe organizacij po znanju strank in upravljanju masivnih podatkov, pridobivajo na vse večji veljavi. Zato je bil cilj raziskave ugotoviti, kako naravnanost organizacije (procesna, inovativna in tehnološka) kot
kritični organizacijski dejavnik vpliva na odnos do uporabe analitičnih orodij aCRM IR.
Zasnova/metodologija/pristop: Za merjenje naravnanosti organizacije (procesna, inovativna in tehnološka) smo preoblikovali obstoječe merilne lestvice, ki smo jih validirali s pomočjo eksploratorne faktorske analize. V naslednji fazi smo oblikovali model, s katerim smo preverjali vpliv naravnanosti organizacije na odnos do uporabe a analitičnih orodij aCRM
IR, pri čemer smo uporabili multiplo regresijsko analizo. Model smo preverjali na vzorcu slovenskih organizacij (n=105), ki za analiziranje podatkov o strankah in poslovnih partnerjih uporabljajo analitična orodja.
Rezultati: V študiji smo ugotovili, da imajo vsi trije vidiki naravnanosti organizacije, procesna, tehnološka in inovativna naravnanost, pozitivni vpliv na odnos do uporabe analitičnih orodij aCRM IR v organizaciji. Še zlasti je pomembna inovativna naravnanost organizacije, ki ima najmočnejši vpliv na odnos do uporabe analitičnih orodij aCRM IR. Inovativno naravnost je dvodimenzionalni konstrukt. Ugotovili smo, da ima inovativna naravnanost na nove ideje, metode in pristope največji vpliv na odnos do uporabe analitičnih orodij aCRM IR, sledi pa inovativna naravnanost na sprejem novosti v organizaciji.
Zaključek: Bolj kot so organizacije inovativno, tehnološko in procesno naravnane, bolj pozitivni odnos imajo v povprečju do uporabe analitičnih orodij aCRM IR. Študija je še posebej pomembna za organizacije, ki vpeljujejo aCRM IR v poslovni sistem
Inoviranje poslovnih modelov: Spoznanja iz študij primerov malih in srednje velikih podjetij v Sloveniji
No full textBackground and Purpose: Business model innovation (BMI) has become increasingly important, especially in the fast changing business environment. While large enterprises approach these changes systematically, small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are left to their own resourcefulness. For the purpose of developing dedicated methods and tools to support different SMEs in addressing these challenges, we have conducted a multiple case study to gain insights into factors that drive SMEs to innovate their BM, how they approach BMI and what changes they made to their BM. Design/Methodology/Approach: First the framework of analysis was developed based on BMI research frameworks identified in literature review. Then the multiple case studies were conducted following the case study protocol developed by Envision project. Results: Based on the proposed framework the results of four Slovene SME cases revealed differences between enterprises regarding the drivers behind BMI and changes in usage of the different BMI elements. Conclusion: Overall, the results suggest all four SMEs, coming from different sectors, are facing BMI challenges without systematically addressing it and without using any dedicated BM ontologies or tools.Ozadje in namen: Inoviranje poslovnega modela (IPM) postaja bolj in bolj pomembno še posebej v hitro spreminjajočem se poslovnem okolju. Medtem ko se velika podjetja lotevajo teh sprememb sistematično, so mala in srednje velika podjetja (MSP) prepuščena lastni iznajdljivosti. Za namen razvijanja metod in orodij namenjenim podpori inoviranju poslovnih modelov v MSP podjetjih, smo naredili študijo več primerov, da bi pridobili vpogled v dejavnike, ki vodijo MSP podjetja v inoviranje lastnih poslovnih modelov, spoznali kako pristopajo do le-tega in katere spremembe so naredili v lastnem poslovnem modelu.
Oblikovanje/Metodologija/Pristop: Najprej smo razvili okvire analize na osnovi pregleda literature raziskovalnih okvirov inoviranja poslovnih modelov. Nato smo izvedli študijo več primerov, sledeč protokolu študij primerov razvitem v okviru projekta Envision.
Rezultati: Na osnovi predlaganega okvira analize so rezultati štirih slovenskih MSP pokazali razlike med podjetji glede na različna gonila za inoviranjem poslovnega modela in spremembe različnih elementov IPM.
Zaključek: Na splošno, spoznanja kažejo, da se vsa štiri proučevana podjetja, vsako iz različnega sektorja, soočajo z izzivi IPM ne da bi do njih pristopali sistematično in ne da bi uporabljali ontologije ali orodja poslovnih modelov
Uporaba zdravstvenih storitev s strani starejših Evropejcev: empirična analiza
No full textBackground and Purpose: Chronic diseases and associated co-morbidities are highly prevalent among elderly and are associated with an increase in health services utilization which in turn raises health care expenditures throughout industrialized societies. However, health care utilization in elderly is still inadequately understood, particularly regarding the differences among European jurisdictions. In our article, we use dataset of Wave 5 of SHARE survey to study the utilization of health care in older Europeans in 15 European countries.
Design/Methodology/Approach: We investigate relationships between factors such as age, gender, income, education and health variables and the utilization of various types of health services. We apply regression modeling to study the determinants of health utilization (different socioeconomic and health variables) of older people.
Results: We show some significant differences between determinants of health utilization in terms of probability and frequency of usage. We also explore patterns between welfare regimes, taking Eastern European jurisdictions as a reference category. Finally, we show that in a simple causal model the provision of formal and/or informal homecare serves as a complement to utilization of health care services.
Conclusion: Results of our article are important for the management of health care facilities in terms of health care usage by older people, and can be of value to health care providers and policy makers in the fieldOzadje in namen: Kronične bolezni in s tem povezana obolenja so zelo razširjena med starejšimi, povezana pa so tudi z večjo uporabo zdravstvenih storitev, kar povečuje izdatke za zdravstveno varstvo v vseh sodobnih razvitih družbah. Vendar pa še vedno preslabo razumemo in poznamo dejavnike uporabe zdravstvenih storitev s strani starejših, še posebej glede razlik med evropskimi državami. V prispevku uporabimo nabor podatkov petega vala raziskave SHARE za raziskavo uporabe zdravstvenih storitev starejših v 15 evropskih državah.
Metodologija: V prispevku raziskujemo razmerja med dejavniki, kot so starost, spol, dohodek, izobrazba in zdravstvene spremenljivke ter uporabo različnih vrst zdravstvenih storitev. Pri preučevanju determinant uporabe zdravstvenih storitev starejših (različnih socioekonomskih in zdravstvenih spremenljivk) uporabimo regresijsko modeliranje.
Rezultati: Pokažemo na nekaj pomembnih razlik med dejavniki uporabe zdravstvenih storitev tako glede verjetnosti kot pogostosti uporabe. Prav tako pokažemo na razmerja med blaginjskimi sistemi, pri čemer so vzhodnoevropske države referenčna kategorija, s katero primerjamo vse druge. Ob koncu z uporabo preprostega vzročnega regresijskega modela pokažemo tudi, da zagotavljanje formalne in/ali neformalne dolgotrajne oskrbe starejših služi kot dopolnilo (komplement) k uporabi zdravstvenih storitev.
Zaključek: Rezultati našega izdelka so pomembni za upravljanje v zdravstvenih ustanovah, posebej glede uporabe zdravstvenih storitev s strani starejših in so lahko velike vrednosti za izvajalce zdravstvenih storitev in oblikovalce politik na tem področju
Reviewers in 2016
Get PDFŁukasz Arendt University of Lodz, Faculty of Economics and Sociology, Lodz, Poland Mladen Čudanov, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Serbia Rimantas Gatautis, Kaunas University of Technology, School of Economics and Business, Lithuamia Bartłomiej Gawin, University of Gdansk, Department of Business Informatics, Sopot, Poland Chin-Fu Ho, Takming University of Science and Technology, College of Informatics, Taipei, Taiwan Milena Janakova, Silesian University in Opava, School of Business Administration in Karvina, Czech Republic Mitja Jeraj, GEA College, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, Ljubljana, Slovenia Eva Jereb, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kranj, Slovenia Janja Jerebic, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kran,j Slovenia Miroljub Kljajić, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kranj Slovenia Jure Kovač, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kranj, Slovenia Miha Marič, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kranj, Slovenia Marjeta Marolt, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Science, Kranj, Slovenia Erko Martins, University of Rostock, Germany Gozdana Miglič, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Science, Kranj, Slovenia Bálint Molnár, Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Informatics, Budapest Hungary Valentinas Navickas, Kaunas University of Technology, Faculty of Economics and Management, Lithuania Marian Niedźwiedziński, University of Lodz, Faculty of Economics and Sociology, Poland Simon Oertel, Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena, Germany Rok Ovsenik, Institute of Management, Ljubljana, Slovenia Grażyna Paliwoda-Pękosz, Cracow University of Economics, Department of Computer Science, Poland Aleksandra Pisnik, University of Maribor, Faculty of Economics and Business, Maribor Slovenia Tomasz Rachwał, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Institute of Geography, Poland Tanja Rajkovič, Inovema d.o.o, Ljubljana, Slovenia Vladislav Rajkovič University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kranj, Slovenia Daniel Rauhut, Norwegian Institute for Urban and Regional Research (NIBR), Oslo, Norway Maciej Rostański, University of Dąbrowa Górnicza, Poland Danila Scarozza, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Italy Beata Stępień, Poznan University of Economics and Business, Poland Erna Szabo, Johannes-Kepler University of Linz, Austria Branislav Šmitek, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Science, Kranj, Slovenia Simona Šarotar Žižek, University of Maribor, Faculty of Economics and Business, Slovenia Ivan Todorović, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Serbia Vera Trappmann, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany Goran Vukovič, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Science, Kranj, Slovenia Marko Vulić, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia Ewa Ziemba, University of Economics in Katowice, Institute of Business Information Systems, Poland Anja Žnidaršič, University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Kranj, Slovenia