Jurnal Universitas Islam Malang
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Pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam meningkatkan kesehatan lingkungan melalui participatory action research
Get PDFPenelitian berbasis pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan partisipasi warga dalam menjaga kebersihan dan kesehatan lingkungan di Desa Jatirejo, kecamatan Lekok, kabupaten Pasuruan melalui pendekatan Participatory Action Research (PAR). Program dilaksanakan selama 40 hari dengan meliatkan masyarakat dan perangkat desa sebagai mitra pendamping. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi masyarakat mencakup tidak tersedianya sistem pengelolaan sampah yang terorganisir ditingkat desa, membuang sampah rumah tangga secara langsung ke selokan bahkan ke aliran Sungai dan ke Laut, pembakaran sampah secara terbuka juga masih banyak dilakukan yang berpotensi menimbulkan pencemaran udara dan gangguan kesehatan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan 80% adanya peningkatan pengetahuan melalui pendekatan PAR, warga diajak untuk mengidentifikasi masalah, merumuskan solusi dan melaksanakan aksi secara bersama-sama dengan pendampingan dari peneliti. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mencakup observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, diskusi kelompok terfokus serta dokumentasi kegiatan aksi sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pentingnya kesehatan lingkungan, terbentuknya kader lingkungan lokal serta terjadinya perubahan perilaku dalam pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga dan kebersihan lingkungan sekitar. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan integrasi PAR dalam program-program pembangunan berbasis masyarakat di sektor kesehatan lingkungan
Pemanfaatan teknologi tepat guna rocket stove untuk pengelolaan sampah hijau dan peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat
Get PDFPermasalahan lingkungan akibat praktik pembakaran sampah terbuka masih menjadi isu serius di berbagai wilayah, termasuk di TPQ Roudlotush Shibyan, Desa Ngawonggo, Kecamatan Tajinan, Kabupaten Malang. Pembakaran sampah yang dilakukan di sekitar lingkungan TPQ menimbulkan asap pekat yang berdampak negatif terhadap kesehatan masyarakat serta mengganggu kenyamanan dan konsentrasi belajar para santri. Pengelolaan sampah hijau di lingkungan pendidikan menjadi tantangan lingkungan yang memerlukan penanganan tepat dan berkelanjutan. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan dengan menerapkan teknologi tepat guna berupa Rocket Stove sebagai solusi inovatif yang ramah lingkungan dan efisien dalam mengolah sampah hijau. Program ini menggunakan pendekatan partisipatif melalui pelatihan langsung kepada warga dan pengurus TPQ terkait pembuatan, penggunaan, serta pemeliharaan Rocket Stove. Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Rocket Stove mampu meningkatkan efisiensi pembakaran dengan menghasilkan asap yang minimal serta mengurangi volume sampah hingga 50–90%. Selain itu, kualitas udara di sekitar TPQ mengalami peningkatan signifikan dengan penurunan tingkat polusi hingga 70%, sehingga menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang lebih sehat dan kondusif. Program ini juga berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan kesadaran kolektif masyarakat mengenai pentingnya pengelolaan sampah yang ramah lingkungan, sekaligus memperkuat nilai gotong royong dan kepedulian terhadap kebersihan serta kesehatan lingkungan
Karakterisasi, Sifat Mekanik, dan Aplikasi Komposit Biofoam Studi Literatur
No full textStarch based biofoams have emerged as a sustainable alternative to conventional plastics, yet their performance varies significantly depending on formulation and processing methods. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the relationship between raw material composition, production techniques, and functional properties of biofoams through an integrated analysis of ten recent formulations. The methodology involved a systematic review of experimental data derived from diverse production methods, including thermopressing, microbial fermentation, evaporative drying, freeze drying, and molding. Results reveal that banana peel and cassava starch and banana stem fiber biofoam offers an optimal balance of high tensile strength 43.86 MPa, low water absorption 16.91%, and moderate biodegradability 65.82%, making it ideal for dry food packaging. In contrast, bamboo powder biofoam exhibits exceptional water absorption 97.1%, suitable for horticultural substrates, while bamboo cellulose–starch composite demonstrates outstanding compressive strength 78.74 MPa and thermal stability 410.86 °C, indicating potential for lightweight structural applications. These findings underscore that biofoam design must be application-specific, providing evidence-based guidance for developing effective, sustainable materials tailored to real world needs.Masalah lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh limbah plastik sintetis telah mendorong pengembangan material alternatif berbasis sumber daya terbarukan. Biofoam berbasis ramah lingkungan menjadi salah satu kandidat utama karena sifat biodegradable dan kemampuannya untuk dimodifikasi secara struktural. Namun, hingga kini belum ada kajian komprehensif yang mengintegrasikan sifat mekanik, termal, daya serap air, dan biodegradabilitas biofoam berbasis pati dalam satu kerangka evaluatif yang sistematis. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dan membandingkan karakteristik kinerja biofoam berbasis ramah lingkungan dari berbagai formulasi dan metode produksi berdasarkan analisis terhadap sepuluh studi ilmiah terkini. Pendekatan sistematis digunakan untuk meninjau variabel komposisi bahan, teknik produksi seperti thermopressing, molding, fermentasi, dan freeze-drying, serta hasil pengujian seperti kekuatan tarik, analisis gravimetrik (TGA), dan degradasi biologis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara jenis serat, metode produksi, dan modifikasi permukaan memengaruhi performa akhir biofoam. Terdapat korelasi negatif antara kekuatan mekanik dan laju biodegradasi, yang menunjukkan perlunya pendekatan formulasi seimbang. Penambahan aditif seperti pati dan perlakuan awal serat terbukti meningkatkan stabilitas termal dan mekanik, namun berdampak pada penurunan kecepatan degradasi. Kajian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan biofoam berkelanjutan dengan memberikan dasar ilmiah untuk optimasi formulasi. Penelitian lanjutan disarankan mencakup pendekatan hibrida, penggunaan teknologi nanoteknologi, dan analisis siklus hidup guna mempercepat aplikasi industri biofoam berbasis pati yang ramah lingkungan. Pendekatan lintas-disiplin ini diperlukan untuk mendorong transisi biofoam ke tahap komersialisasi yang lebih luas dan aplikatif di berbagai sektor industri
Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) Biostimulation Reduces the Slope Angle Degradation of CL Soil Under Loading
Get PDFLandslides are among the most detrimental geotechnical hazards in Indonesia. Conventional stabilization methods can improve slope stability but are associated with high costs and environmental impacts. Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) offers an environmentally friendly approach through calcite precipitation that strengthens interparticle bonding. This study investigates the effectiveness of MICP biostimulation in reducing slope angle degradation under loading in low-plasticity clay (CL) soil. Two small-scale slope models (without treatment and MICP treatment) with an initial angle of 60° were subjected to a 125 kg loading test. Slope deformation was monitored for 160 minutes, and shear strength parameters were determined through a direct shear test. The results showed that the MICP-treated slope experienced an average angle degradation of only 2.24°, which was 47.17% smaller than that of the untreated slope (4.24°). The failure mechanism shifted from sliding to vertical cracking. The direct shear test confirmed an increase in cohesion of 90.15% and an increase in the internal friction angle of 37.05%. These findings demonstrate that MICP biostimulation can reduce slope angle degradation and modify failure patterns. The study highlights the potential of MICP biostimulation as an effective and sustainable slope stabilization technology.
Keywords: MICP Biostimulation; Slope Angle; Slope Stability; Clay Low Plasticity
How does CEO career variety affect a firms investment efficiency?
Get PDFWhile prior studies have extensively examined CEO career variety in developed economies, its implications for investment efficiency in emerging markets remain limited. This study examines the relationship between CEO career variety and investment efficiency in non-financial firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2018–2021 period, with a particular focus on firms exhibiting over- and underinvestment. Using 941 firm-year observations and established measures of CEO career variety, the analysis applies Coarsened Exact Matching and Heckman’s two-stage regression to address potential endogeneity concerns. The findings indicate that greater CEO career variety is associated with lower overall investment efficiency. Further analyses reveal an asymmetric effect: CEOs with more diverse career backgrounds tend to mitigate overinvestment while intensifying underinvestment, suggesting that career variety shapes managerial risk preferences and resource allocation differently across investment contexts. These findings extend upper echelons theory by demonstrating the context-dependent value of executive career diversity. In emerging market environments characterized by institutional uncertainty and limited transparency, broad career experiences may weaken firm-specific knowledge and stakeholder embeddedness, thereby constraining effective investment decision-making
Application of Contextual Learning in Hadith Lessons and its Application in Society
Get PDFLearning hadith in schools is often theoretical and only focuses on memorizing texts, making it difficult for students to understand the values of hadith. This study aims to analyze the application of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teaching through contextual learning or Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) on hadith material in class, and how classroom learning can be applied in everyday life. The research method used is a qualitative method with a library research approach. Data collection techniques are carried out by collecting, reviewing, and analyzing various sources of literature that are relevant to the research topic. The data that has been collected will be analyzed using content analysis techniques with the steps of selecting data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that contextual learning is effective in improving students' understanding of hadith and encouraging students to apply the teachings of hadith in social interactions in and outside the classroom. Through this approach, students are able to understand the text of hadith theoretically and practically. This paper develops a conceptual framework from previous studies on the implementation of a contextual approach in Islamic education. And offers a recommendation for educators to optimize the effectiveness of the learning process. Thus, this study contributes to improving the quality of Islamic education in terms of affective, social, and cognitive
A RETURN AND VOLATILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF COSMETIC COMPANY STOCKS IN INDONESIA (2022–2024): A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS
No full textABSTRACT
The capital market plays a vital role in economic development by facilitating investment opportunities and enabling efficient capital allocation. Indonesia’s cosmetic industry has shown notable growth in recent years, driven by increasing consumer demand and changing lifestyle preferences. Despite this growth, empirical research on return, volatility, and return distribution of cosmetic stocks remains limited, making the sector underexplored. This study analyzes the return, volatility, and distribution patterns of five cosmetic companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2022–2024, namely MBTO, MRAT, VICI, KINO, and UNVR, providing a comprehensive assessment of stock performance and risk exposure. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed using secondary data of daily closing stock prices obtained from IDX. Data were analyzed with SPSS, calculating daily returns, annual averages, standard deviations to measure volatility, and skewness and kurtosis examined return distributions. Descriptive statistics identified performance patterns and assessed risk characteristics across companies, ensuring objective measurement of financial performance and evaluation of risk-return dynamics, findings indicate heterogeneous stock performance. MRAT recorded the highest average return in 2022 but declined in subsequent years, while MBTO and VICI maintained relatively stable yet modest positive returns. KINO and UNVR consistently showed negative trends. MBTO exhibited the highest volatility, reflecting greater exposure to price fluctuations. Most return distributions deviated from normality, as indicated by positive skewness and high kurtosis, implying potential for extreme gains or losses, these results show that Indonesia’s cosmetic stock market presents both investment opportunities and substantial risks, highlighting the need for careful risk-return assessment. The study provides practical insights for investors in portfolio management and risk mitigation, and valuable information for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to understand this expanding consumer-driven sector. Moreover, the findings contribute to literature on emerging market stock behavior, showing how internal financial performance and external market conditions shape return and volatility patterns.
Peran Penyuluh Agama Islam KUA Siantar Martoba Kota Pematang Siantar dalam Mengatasi Tren “Marriage is Scary” di Kalangan Generasi Muda
No full textThe phenomenon of fear of marriage or marriage is scary, which is widespread among the younger generation,
has now raised significant legal and social issues, as it contradicts the objectives of Islamic law and Indonesian
positive law, which place marriage as a means of establishing a family and maintaining social order. From an
Islamic legal perspective, the extreme attitude of rejecting or postponing marriage resembles the concept of
tabattul, which is avoiding marriage without a sharia-compliant reason, which is considered inconsistent with
the maqasid al-shari'ah (objectives of Islamic law). From a positive legal perspective, this phenomenon also
undermines the implementation of Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage and the Compilation of Islamic
Law (KHI), which affirms that marriage is a legal bond to form a happy and eternal family based on the One
Almighty God. Departing from this issue, this study formulates the main problem regarding the role of Islamic
religious instructors at the Siantar Martoba Religious Affairs Office (KUA) in addressing the marriage is scary
trend through a legal approach and counseling based on Islamic values. The study uses a normative-empirical
method with a sociological legal approach and through interviews with three religious instructors and
questionnaires to the younger generation in the research area. The research results show that counselors play
an important role in educating the public about marriage law, providing a humanistic religious understanding,
and building awareness of Islamic family law that can reduce fear of marriage and re-establish a positive view of marriage
PERNIKAHAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF KAIDAH FIKIH DAN APLIKASINYA
No full textMarriage is a fundamental institution in Islam aimed at preserving lineage, safeguarding human dignity, and ensuring social stability. However, contemporary social, economic, and technological developments have generated various marital issues that are not fully addressed by normative and text-based approaches to Islamic jurisprudence. Previous studies largely discuss Islamic legal maxims (qawāʿid fiqhiyyah) in marriage law from a conceptual perspective, with limited attention to their reconstructive and applicative roles in responding to modern marital challenges. Addressing this research gap, this study aims to analyze and reconstruct the application of Islamic legal maxims as an adaptive methodological framework for resolving contemporary marital problems. This research employs a qualitative approach through library research, examining classical fiqh literature, works on uṣūl al-fiqh, and contemporary Islamic legal studies. The data are analyzed using content analysis and a normative-juridical approach. The findings reveal that the reconstructed application of legal maxims such as al-umūr bi maqāṣidihā (matters are judged by their objectives), al-yaqīn lā yazūl bi al-shakk (certainty is not overruled by doubt), al-ḍarūrāt tubīḥ al-maḥẓūrāt (necessity permits the prohibited), and al-mashaqqah tajlib al-taysīr (hardship begets ease) demonstrates not only theoretical relevance but also strong practical significance in addressing contemporary marital issues, including online marriage, inter-madhhab marriage, economic-based marriage postponement, and marital dispute resolution. The main contribution of this study lies in positioning Islamic legal maxims as a dynamic and contextual instrument of legal reasoning (istinbāṭ al-ḥukm), ensuring that Islamic marriage law remains responsive to modern realities while remaining firmly grounded in the objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-sharīʿah).
Keywords: Islamic Legal Maxims; Islamic Marriage Law; Modern Marriage; Legal Reconstruction;
Abstrak
Pernikahan merupakan institusi fundamental dalam Islam yang bertujuan menjaga keturunan, kehormatan, dan ketenteraman hidup. Namun, dinamika sosial, ekonomi, dan teknologi di era modern melahirkan berbagai problematika pernikahan yang belum sepenuhnya terakomodasi oleh pendekatan fikih normatif yang bersifat tekstual. Sejumlah kajian terdahulu umumnya membahas kaidah fikih dalam hukum pernikahan secara konseptual, tanpa mengelaborasi secara mendalam aspek rekonstruksi dan penerapannya terhadap persoalan pernikahan kontemporer. Berangkat dari celah tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis sekaligus merekonstruksi penerapan kaidah fikih sebagai instrumen metodologis yang adaptif dalam menjawab problematika pernikahan modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kepustakaan (library research), melalui penelaahan literatur fikih klasik, ushul fikih, serta kajian hukum Islam kontemporer, yang dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis isi dan pendekatan normatif-yuridis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rekonstruksi penerapan kaidah fikih seperti al-umūr bi maqāṣidihā, al-yaqīn lā yazūl bi al-syakk, al-dharūrāt tubīḥ al-maḥẓūrāt, dan al-masyaqqah tajlib al-taysīr tidak hanya relevan secara teoritis, tetapi juga memiliki signifikansi aplikatif dalam merespons persoalan pernikahan modern, seperti pernikahan daring, perbedaan mazhab, penundaan pernikahan karena faktor ekonomi, dan penyelesaian sengketa rumah tangga. Kontribusi utama penelitian ini terletak pada penegasan kaidah fikih sebagai kerangka istinbāṭ hukum yang dinamis dan kontekstual, sehingga hukum pernikahan Islam tetap responsif terhadap perubahan zaman tanpa kehilangan pijakan pada maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah.
Kata kunci: Kaidah Fikih; Hukum Pernikahan Islam; Pernikahan Modern; Rekonstruksi Hukum;Pernikahan merupakan institusi penting dalam Islam yang bertujuan menjaga keturunan, kehormatan, dan ketenteraman hidup. Namun di era modern, pernikahan menghadapi berbagai persoalan kompleks yang menuntut hukum Islam untuk bersifat adaptif. Kaidah fikih (qawāʿid fiqhiyyah) menjadi instrumen penting dalam merumuskan hukum yang fleksibel dan sesuai dengan prinsip syariat. Penelitian ini merumuskan dua masalah: bagaimana perspektif kaidah fikih dalam hukum pernikahan, dan bagaimana penerapannya pada persoalan pernikahan kontemporer. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kepustakaan (library research) melalui analisis literatur fikih klasik, ushul fikih, dan kajian akademik modern. Data dianalisis dengan teknik analisis isi (content analysis) dan pendekatan normatif-yuridis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kaidah-kaidah seperti al-umūr bi maqāṣidihā, al-yaqīn lā yazūl bi al-syakk, al-dharūrāt tubīḥ al-maḥẓūrāt, dan al-masyaqqah tajlib al-taysīr relevan diterapkan dalam menyelesaikan persoalan pernikahan modern. Penerapan kaidah ini menjadikan hukum pernikahan lebih fleksibel, kontekstual, dan tetap berpijak pada prinsip maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah.
Kata kunci: Kaidah Fikih, Hukum Pernikahan, Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah, Istinbāṭ Hukum, Pernikahan Kontempore
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN TEMPE DEDAK, TAPE DEDAK DAN KOMBINASINYA TERHADAP POTONGAN PRIMAL KARKAS AYAM BROILER FASE FINISHER
Get PDFTujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian tempe dedak, tape dedak dan kombinasinya terhadap potongan primal karkas ayam broiler fase finisher. Penelitian ini menggunakan 96 ekor ayam broiler berumur 1 hari (DOC). Rancangan penelitian yang di gunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan dengan masing-masing ulangan terdiri dari 4 ekor ayam. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu: 1) R0: ransum basal + 20% dedak padi (kontrol); 2) R1: ransum basal + 20% tempe dedak; 3) R2: ransum basal + 20% tape dedak; 4) R3: ransum basal + 10% tempe dedak + 10% tape dedak. Ransum basal yang digunakan yaitu jagung, konsentrat, top mix dan minyak. Variabel yang diteliti adalah persentase sayap, dada, paha dan punggung. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0.05) terhadap persentase sayap, dada, paha dan punggung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian tempe dedak, tape dedak dan kombinasinya tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap potongan primal karkas ayam broiler fase finisher.
Kata Kunci: ayam broiler, potongan karkas, tape dedak, tempe dedak