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Russian intervention in the Middle East: Political and Economic Dimensions
Get PDFRussia being one of the major super powers in the region not only ceased to view the Middle East as the secondary important player and develop much interest in the region based on its interest and diplomacy. The interventions of Russia in the Middle East started since 2011 where they played their role to secure the regions' interest against the West. However, this influenced deeply the economic and political situation in the Arab world, due to various circumstances. The purpose of the paper is to develop comprehensive understanding towards the rising influence of the Russia and its intervention in the Middle East, based on gaining the political and economic dimensions towards it. The aim of the study is to conduct the critical analysis on the issue by means of gathering secondary data from past studies. The findings of the paper helped in revealing that the fall of the Soviet Union changed the dynamics of the region where much of the political and economic changes have been witnessed due to series of tensions and conflicts. However, since 2011, Russia tried to portray its positive involvement in harmonizing the Middle Eastern conflicts, but the Western conflicts with the communists affected the political scenario of the entire region. The implications involve much emphasis towards playing an influential role in reducing the situation of conflict and war in Syria, Palestine, Yemen and its adjoining areas. The relationship between Iran and Russia are with the common interest to reduce the political involvement of the West in the Central Asia; therefore, it is imperative for Russia to take other major regional powers onboard so that a positive dialogue can be ensured
Impact of Defense Spending on Economic Growth: Evidence from Developing Nations of Asia
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between economic growth, defense expenditure and other regionally essential variables of 12 emerging countries of South East Asia for the year 1990 to 2015. Random and Fixed effect models along with the unit root tests are used to analyze if the data is stationary or not. Variance decomposition and impulse response coefficient are estimated after the implication of the cointegration analysis. According to the result, defense expenditure has a positive and significant impact on the growth of the emerging economies. The defense spendings affect the infrastructure of the particular country that results in more efficiency in the labor market hence stimulating economic growth (Looney Fredrickson 1992). Also, the economic growth of the country is triggered by more and more external debt and total investment. Therefore, we have a positive and significant relationship
Is Corporate Responsibility an Extension of Sustainability? An Empirical Investigation
Get PDFMore often, research loosely fuses corporate responsibility with sustainable agenda and the environment in their demands for equity for stakeholder communities. In earnest, blending social responsibility with sustainability issues, including the environment is good and commendable. However, little authorial work is advanced to appropriately synergise the parameters to engender appreciation and compliance by corporations, which would also encourage scholarship attention from the research community. The paper, therefore, seeks to lead evidence in support of corporate responsibility is sustainability extension. It does this through a combination of two objectives, namely, the justification that corporate responsibility has sustainability embedded in its application and proof that business responsibility and sustainability be promoted unified, since both aims at similar goals. The empirical and concrete unification of social responsibility with sustainability and/or environmental accountability is the gap to fill in this study's field. To achieve this task, interviews and survey data are triangulated through an SPSS regression technique for findings. Importantly, the result validates evidence that corporate responsibility is sustainability extension since sustainable enterprises incorporate environmental objectives in their corporate operations and, therefore, a strong authentication for the proposition. Suffice to note that until sustainability objectives are fused with corporate citizenship endeavours, the global campaign for safe and cleaner production can be unsuccessful
Community Participation on Peat Restoration Policy for Forest Fire Rescue and Land in Sungai Tohor Village Meranti Island Riau Province Sumatra Indonesia
Get PDFPeat ecosystem is an element of peat structure, which is a whole unified that affect each other in forming balance, stability, and productivity. Hydrological Unity of Peat (HUP) is a peat ecosystem located between two rivers, between the river and sea, and or on the swamp. Peat Ecosystem is function as an element of peat that serves to protect water availability, biodiversity conservation, oxygen-producing carbon storage, climate balance divided into protected functions of peat ecosystem and peat ecosystem cultivation function. Damage to the function of peat ecosystems occurs due to mismanagement of land with the selection of business commodities that are not in accordance with the characteristics of peat lands. This is exacerbated by the draining of peat water resulting in a drought on peat that is currently the trigger for forest and land fires. Facts in the field show that fires that occur almost every year with an ever-increasing area are the fact that peat is no longer in natural conditions or has been damaged. Restoration of peat ecosystems can be done by rearranging of hydrological functions where the peat dome as long storage of water, so that peat remains wet and difficult to burn and disasters that have implications directly to the community in the region. Community participation in reducing and avoiding disaster risk is important by raising community awareness and capacity for disaster risk reduction. This research explains how the Community Participation on Peat Restoration Policy in Tohor Village, Meranti Regency. This participation results in changes to peat restoration policies. The Tohor River is a success area for peat restoration in Indonesia that can lead to forest and land fires in Sumatra
Health Challenges and Environmental Problems of the City of Pointe-Noire, Republic of Congo
Get PDFWith urban growth uncontrolled today, African cities are faced with many problems that affect both the population and the environment. And, Pointe-Noire, oil industrial and economic capital of the Congo is not spared from its evils that undermine African cities. The major problem is that of the environment, which continues to attract the attention of researchers and sworn actors over the years. The urban environment of Pointe-Noire faces many challenges. This is due to the intense economic activities that develop but especially to the estimated oil production in thousands of barrels per day. The environmental issues are numerous and require adequate responses to save not only the planet earth that is more, in addition, threatened but also the human being who is in danger. In Pointe-Noire, pulmonary diseases, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and cholera are daily diseases encountered in hospitals in this ocean city. These health challenges and environmental problems require an appropriate response in order to save human beings from multiple dangers
Effect of Micro-Credit on Welfare of Small Scale Entrepreneurs in Nigeria: A Case Study of Oyo State
Get PDFThe study evaluated the effect of microcredit on small scale entrepreneurs in Oyo state, Nigeria and its implication on their welfare. Primary data were collected with the aid of well-structured questionnaire. Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted in selecting 200 respondents comprising agriculture and non-agriculture small businesses within Ibadan metropolis. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Foster Greer Thorbecke and binary logit regression. Results of analysis of respondents' access to credit revealed that more than two-third (69%) of the respondents did not have access to microcredit while only 31% had access to microcredit. On the implication of micro-credit access to welfare of the respondents, the study revealed that poverty incidence was higher (P0=0.4876) among respondents that did not use microcredit than those with access (P0=0.4419). This suggests that incidence of poverty declines with access to microcredit but this is only by a small percentage of about 5%. Similar to the result of poverty incidence, respondents who did not use microcredit had the highest (P1=0.1104) poverty gap. However, the severity of poverty index among respondents with access to microcredit was higher (P2=0.0359) than those without access (P2=0.0352). The study recommends that strategic policies should be set up to mitigate factors that inhibit access to micro-credit by small scale entrepreneurs as the study showed that access to microcredit is necessary for small business growth and for improving welfare. Such policies should target the economically active age group of small-scale entrepreneurs, improving their literacy levels, and encouraging their ownership of account with lending institutions such as micro-finance bank of choice
Evaluation of the Indoor Thermal Comfort of Selected Residents in Ibadan, Nigeria
Get PDFThis study evaluated the thermal responses of residents of naturally ventilated buildings in Ibadan, Nigeria. 93 buildings were systematically selected in the Olubadan estate, Ibadan and questionnaire was administered to an adult resident in each of the selected buildings. Respondents assessed their respective living rooms at different periods of the day using a seven-point thermal comfort scale. The Mean Votes for the different periods of the day were: morning - cool, afternoon "“warm, evening -cool and night-cool. The indoor thermal comfort level of the naturally ventilated buildings was acceptable to the residents. The results of linear regression showed that the thermal response (y) had strong linear relationship with air temperature (x) with these equations: y = 9.7-0.24x for morning (with R2= 0.025 and p= 0.132) and y= -7.1+0.37x for afternoon (with R2 =0.047 and p= 0.038). The study concluded that the acceptable limits of comfort expressed by the residents were between 22.60C and 25.60C. The value of the neutral temperature was determined to be 24.60C.
The Establishment of the Kongo in the Teke Territory of the Pool XVII-XXth Century
Get PDFThis article was aimed at assessing the establishment of the Kongo in the Teke territory of the Pool XVII-XXth century. Furthermore, the article sought to explore how the Kongo settled on the Teke territory. The Teke space, as we know through the peoples who had occupied and occupied it, is almost the whole of the Republic of the Congo: from the foothills of the Mayombe to the Congolese basin, Alima and the Likouala. In the Congolese territory, hydronyms, toponymy, that is to say, the names of rivers, mountains, villages, and forests ... are enough to get an idea of the countries Teke once. Numerous results of researchers and researchers show that the Teke were the first to occupy the present area of the Republic of Congo in general and the department of the pool in particular. This study tries to trace the history of the occupation of the said territory by the Kongo considered as the new arrivals, and the heritage left by the Teke people in this space
Analysis on the Registration System in Civil Procedure Law
Get PDFChina's civil case filing system has turned comprehensively from examination system to registration system, having actually established the petition model with the core of petition registration. The registration system is not only a simple problem regarding petition registration, but a fundamental procedural problem regarding the connection between "suit" and "case". The filing difficulty in China has its complex origin and reason, which can not be completely overcome by simply emphasis the strengthening of filing procedure in abstract context. Actually, further detailed reforms or interpretation of the existed provisions need to be weighed on legislation and judicial levels
Poor Facility Management in the Public Schools of Ghana; Recent Empirical Discoveries
Get PDFFacilities in the public institutions of Ghana are poorly managed and sidelined in the financial planning and capital budgeting of most public institutions in Ghana. There exist dilapidated buildings and facilities in nearly all the public institutions of Ghana and the reasons behind such negligent attitude have not received empirical examination. This paper sought to fill that knowledge gap by empirically mapping out the causes and effects of poor facility management in two public schools in Ghana. The study employed the case study research design within a qualitative research methodological paradigm and gathered data using interview guides from facility management/ maintenance teams from two public second cycle schools in the Upper East Region of Ghana. The data was analyzed using thematic content analysis and taken through peer debriefing and re-screening of final codes by facility management staff to ensure reliability. The findings from the study run contrary to popular beliefs. It was identified that the empirical causes of poor facility management include lack of professional managers, attitude of deferred maintenance, budgetary limit on maintenance expenditure, sidelined in the financial planning and capital budgeting of institutions, and non-privy of facility management staff to the building design and construction stage. It was also established that poor facility management is characterized by a plethora of consequences including recipe for disaster, financial erosion of institution, malfunctioning and abandonment of buildings. The study recommended that there should be the establishment professional district facility management teams whose works should be supported by institutional facility management teams to oversee facility management in the public institutions