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Women in Tech Talk: The Gender Gap and Addressing Diversity in the Workplace and Beyond
No full textThe leadership team of the Pace Women in Tech club interviews Peta-Gay Clarke, Diversity Manager at Google and member of the Pace University Board of Trustees. Topics will include wage disparities between the sexes, particularly with regards to STEM jobs, diversity in the workplace, and Google’s approach to social justice
Reflections on Feminism, Law & Culture: Law Students’ Perspectives
Get PDFThis essay is a collective reflection by thirty-nine law students on feminism, law and culture. In the Spring 2020 semester, the students who enrolled in the Feminist Legal Theory course taught by Professor Bridget Crawford at the Elisabeth Haub School of Law at Pace University were a mixed-gender group of second-year, third-year, and fourth-year students. The course focused on the themes and methods of feminist analysis and the application of feminist legal theories to topics such as intimate partner violence, prostitution, pornography, sexual harassment, reproductive rights, and economic rights. Students attended a traditional seminar meeting once each week. Conversations continued throughout the week in a student-led asynchronous written online discussion forum, with a different group of student facilitators choosing the topic and guiding the conversation each week. This essay is an edited collection of student posts to the course’s online forum. It is intended to memorialize the interests, concerns, and contributions of this particular group of law students to feminist discourse during the Spring 2020 semester—a time when legal education and most aspects of American life were disrupted in an unprecedented way by the novel coronavirus.
The essay is organized around ten discrete topics that reflect, but are not identical to, course material. Participants use TED Talks and other videos, podcasts, and news stories as entry points for engaging with topics of mutual interest. These include the nature of gender differences, the impact of gender differences on the workplace and family life, menstruation, motherhood, and feminist coalition-building. The essay both reflects students’ understanding of feminist legal theory as a distinct mode of academic inquiry and challenges feminist scholars to consider what “counts” as feminist topics from the perspective of current law students. It is a contemporaneous record of the substantive issues that these law students found important in the present moment
The Ground on Which We All Stand: A Conversation About Menstrual Equity Law and Activism
Get PDFThis essay grows out of a panel discussion among five lawyers on the subject of menstrual equity activism. Each of the authors is a scholar, activist or organizer involved in some form of menstrual equity work. The overall project is both enriched and complicated by an intersectional analysis.
This essay increases awareness of existing menstrual equity and menstrual justice work; it also identifies avenues for further inquiry, next steps for legal action, and opportunities that lie ahead. After describing prior and current work at the junction of law and menstruation, the contributors evaluate the successes and limitations of recent legal changes. The authors then turn to conceptual issues about the relationship between menstrual equity and gender justice, as well as the difference between equity and equality. The essay concludes with consideration of the future of menstrual equity and menstrual justice work. The authors envision an expanded, inclusive group of individuals working for greater gender justice
How Much Do You Love Grey’s Anatomy?
Get PDFDoes the prominence of medical Television Shows impact people’s decision to pursue a medical career?
We are constantly told that the things we see in media and entertainment influences how we think about things, but not much research has been done regarding its ability to impact major life choices such as career choice. This paper investigates this by examining the causal relationship between television and interest in the pursuit of a medical career. An ordinary least squares model, created using time series data over the last 24 years, tested specifically the effect of the number and quality of medical television shows both on the rate of change in medical school applications for men and women and the proportion of female applicants. This study found that while medical tv shows don’t have a statistically significant impact on application rates for men or women, female-driven shows cause a larger proportion of the applicant pool to be female
America\u27s Newest Boogeyman for Deviant Teen Behavior: Violent Video Games and the First Amendment
Get PDFAre violent video games harming America’s youth? Is it possible a series of interconnected circuit boards can influence children (or even adults) to become, themselves, violent? If so, how should our society-- and government-- respond?
To properly answer this last query, violent video games must be viewed through the lens of the First Amendment. Simply put: do games depicting grotesque acts of depravity so profound as to negatively influence the psyche warrant the full constitutional protections ordinarily guaranteed under the mantle of free speech and expression? Are these guarantees without limit? If not, how far may the government go in regulating the content or restricting the availability of these games?
This paper first examines the history of video game development and its economic significance. Next, similar “societal boogeymen” are examined, compared, and contrasted to video games. Their impact on society and law is also examined. What, if any, First Amendment protections this class of video games should receive as well as possible regulatory schemes and limitations are then examined. Finally, after weighing public policy interests, a new regulatory framework is proposed
Omnipresent Chemicals: TSCA Preemption in the Wake of PFAS Contamination
Get PDFOver the past few decades, studies addressing the harms of PFAS have gradually progressed, and now scientists believe increased exposure could lead to reproductive defects and a higher risk of cancer. Given the amplified concern surrounding these pervasive chemicals, states are proactively filing lawsuits on behalf of their citizens and enacting legislation to combat this nation-wide contamination epidemic. However, given the 2016 Amendment to the Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976, states looking to regulate the manufacturing or looking to ratify a state- wide ban on the manufacturing of such chemicals may face preemption under actions taken by the United States Environmental Protection Agency.
This Note focuses on the possible loss of state autonomy with regards to PFAS regulation. It addresses the issues states might face given the restrictive nature of the newly enacted preemption provisions of the Toxic Substances Control Act, while also examining the Act’s possible deficiencies. Ultimately, recognizing a need for creative solutions outside the scope of manufacturing regulations may provide the best solutions for states to combat these ubiquitous chemicals
Divisiveness, National Narratives, and the Establishment Clause
Get PDFThe Supreme Court habitually justifies the Establishment Clause as a means to prevent political division, protect the civil peace, and forestall citizen alienation. In spite of this popularity among the judiciary, legal scholars have emphatically rejected the political division theory. They state that religion is not especially divisive, and that even if it was, there is no reason to think non-establishment will prevent such political harm. This rejection relies on the misconception that the validity of the political division theory requires that all forms of religion must foment civil strife. This is a mistake. Often, laws apply to a wider category than to the core of what they seek to address. If this is the case, then even if non-establishment comes to merely prevent an especially erosive type of state and religion involvement, it may still be a valid and useful theory. In this Article, I argue that the political division theory is compelling when it is applied to a religion which seeks to collapse the distinction between politics and religion. To achieve this, I portray one such form of establishment of religion: American Christian Nationality, an ideology which sees the United States as having deep religious meaning and promotes Christianity as the central attribute of American identity. This Article will show that the combination between nationality and religion is uniquely divisive because it promotes a religious-based exclusionary understanding of who is a “real” American citizen. Many of the canonical Establishment Clause doctrines seem tailored to protect against government involvement in such religious movements
New York’s Raise the Age Law: Restoring the Juvenile Justice System Leaves Courts Legislating from the Bench
Get PDFWith New York’s enactment of the Raise the Age law, the State’s Legislature codified the omnipresent notion that juveniles processed in the criminal justice system should be treated differently than adults given that they are inherently less culpable for a multitude of reasons, both measurable and incalculable. Flaws emanating from the minutiae of the Raise the Age law have surfaced since it became effective on October 1, 2018, as criminal matters involving sixteen-year-old offenders have been adjudicated in courts following the newly introduced procedures for removal of cases involving these youth to Family Court, or the newly-created Youth Part. Simultaneously, adjudications of matters in which applicants have turned to the courts to seal their criminal convictions pursuant to the Raise the Age legislation have also revealed gaps between the law’s intent and its execution since implementation. Presiding judges have responded by bridging the gap between the legislation and its execution from the bench in accordance with the progressive, rehabilitative orientation of the Raise the Age law through developing case law. This Article will first provide background regarding New York’s juvenile justice system, which provides context for the introduction and recent enactment of the Raise the Age law, before explaining the complexities of the legislation itself. Further, it will comment on periods of New York’s extensive, dynamic history of juvenile justice which has reflected social mores through present day. Furthermore, this article will delve into several key provisions and consequent issues materializing in the courts under these provisions, which may endure into the second phase of implementation of the Law for seventeen-year-old offenders as of October 1, 2019. Finally, this article will suggest that the New York State Legislature should amend the Raise the Age legislation in order to better facilitate processing of sixteen- and seventeen-year-old offenders’ matters, and sealing applications, respectively, under the law’s new provisions. It is vital to the legislation’s permanency to precisely mirror the ubiquitous concept embodied in the spirit of the Raise the Age legislation and the movement that preceded it: that adolescents are simply different than adult offenders, and their status as such should be accorded deference by the courts of the State
Assessment of 13-Year-Old Adolescents with the MMPI-A RF: Developmental Aspects of Validity Correlates in an Inpatient Sample
No full textThe Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory is a broadband instrument created to assess personality pathology in adults ages 16-65 (Hathaway & McKinley, 1942). Various revisions have been made to the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory since its original publication in 1942 in order to strengthen its applicability to adolescent populations. In 1992, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–Adolescent (MMPI-A) was published (Butcher et al., 1992). Since the publication of the MMPI-A, it has become one of the most widely used personality measures in the assessment of adolescents (Archer, Maruish, Imhof, & Piotrowski, 1 991; Archer & Newsom, 2000). Despite a normative sample of adolescents 14-18 years of age, the measure is commonly administered to 13-year old adolescents for diagnostic and research purposes ( e.g., see Archer and Gordon, 1994; Alperin, Archer, & Coates, 1996; Archer, Bolinskey, Morton, & Farris, 2003; Veltri et al., 2009). While the MMPI-A manual suggests that this measure can be extended for use with younger adolescents (Butcher et al., 1992), few studies have analyzed the difference between younger and older adolescent responses. Within the limited literature on this topic, the differences between 13-year-old and 14-year old adolescent responses on the MMPI-A were found to be insignificant when assessed within a small inpatient sample (Janus et al., 1998). In 2016, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent Restructured Form (MMPI-A RF; Archer, Handel, Ben-Porath, & Tellegen, 2016) was published by the University of Minnesota Press. Similar to the MMPI-A (Butcher et al., 1992), the MMPI-A RF advises that if a younger adolescent meets appropriate cognitive and social maturity, it is possible that they can produce valid responses. The manual of and social maturity, it is possible that they can produce valid responses. The manual of he MMPI-A RF (Archer et al., 2016) includes the following: Because the MMPI-A RF is considerably shorter than the MMPI-A, it should be easier for younger adolescents to complete the inventory. However, test users should bear in mind that neither 12 or 13 year olds are included in the MMPI-A RF normative sample and that a substantial segment of this younger age group may not be able to meet the reading requirements for the MMPI-A. Therefore, test users need to exercise caution when interpreting test results of 12- and 13-year olds until further research bears out the utility of the instrument with younger adolescents (pg. 61). Since the publication of the MMPI-A RF in 2016, the applicability and validity of the MMPI-A-RF with 13-year old adolescent populations has received limited attention. This study assesses the applicability of this instrument with younger adolescents using an archival data set derived from an adolescent inpatient sample. This study addressed whether age related changes exist among 13-year-old and older adolescent profiles for the MMPI-A RF Validity, Higher-Order Scales, Restructured Clinical Scales, Specific Problems and Personality Psychopathology Five Scales. This research also conducted convergent validity analyses for the MMPI-A RF using the Personality Assessment Inventory and chart reviewed adolescent behaviors. Taken together, this study sheds light on the applicability of this instrument with 13-year-old adolescents and contributes to existing literature on adolescent personality development