Bulletin of NTU "KhPI". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice / Вісник Національного технічного університету "ХПІ". Серія: Проблеми удосконалювання електричних машин і апаратів. Теорія і практика
Not a member yet
24116 research outputs found
Sort by
Self-Regulated Learning Training Programs Enhance University Students’ Academic Performance, Self-Regulated Learning Strategies, and Motivation: A Meta-Analysis
No full textThe present meta-analysis tested the effects of extended self-regulated learning training programs on academic performance, self-regulated learning strategies, and motivation of university students. The literature search revealed 49 studies (5,786 participants) that met the inclusion criteria. A three-level meta-analysis based on 251 effect sizes revealed an overall effect size of g = .38. The largest effect sizes were obtained for metacognitive strategies (g = .40) and resource management strategies (g = .39) followed by academic performance (g = .37), motivational outcomes (g = .35), and cognitive strategies (g = .32). Training effects varied for specific self-regulated learning strategies and ranged between .23 (rehearsal) and .61 (attention and concentration). Moderator analyses revealed differential training effects depending on course design characteristics: Feedback predicted larger training effects for metacognitive and resource management strategies as well as motivation. Cooperative learning arrangements predicted larger training effects for cognitive and metacognitive strategies. The provision of learning protocols predicted larger training effects for resource management strategies. Moreover, training programs based on a metacognitive theoretical background reported higher effects sizes for academic achievement compared to training programs based on cognitive theories. Further, training programs that targeted older students and students with lower prior academic achievement showed larger effect sizes for resource management strategies. To conclude, self-regulated learning training programs enhanced academic performance, self-regulated learning strategies, and motivation of university students
Hate Speech Operationalization: A Preliminary Examination of Hate Speech Indicators and Their Structure
No full textHate speech should be tackled and prosecuted based on how it is operationalized. However, the existing theoretical definitions of hate speech are not sufficiently fleshed out or easily operable. In order to overcome this inadequacy, and with the help of interdisciplinary experts, we propose an empirical definition of hate speech by providing a list of 10 hate speech indicators and the rationale behind them (the indicators refer to specific, observable, and measurable characteristics that offer a practical definition of hate speech). A preliminary exploratory examination of the structure of hate speech, with the focus on comments related to migrants (one of the most reported grounds of hate speech), revealed that two indicators in particular, denial of human rights and promoting violent behavior, occupy a central role in the network of indicators. Furthermore, we discuss the practical implications of the proposed hate speech indicators – especially (semi-)automatic detection using the latest natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) methods. Having a set of quantifiable indicators could benefit researchers, human right activists, educators, analysts, and regulators by providing them with a pragmatic approach to hate speech assessment and detection
Perspectives and experiences of autistic multilingual adults: A qualitative analysis.
No full textPlease note this paper has been published ahead of print in Autism in Adulthood:
Nolte, K., Fletcher-Watson, S., Sorace, A., Stanfield, A., & Digard, B.G. (2021). Perspectives and experiences of autistic multilingual adults: A qualitative analysis. Autism in Adulthood (ahead of print). https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2020.0067
Please do not cite this preprint.
Background: The combined experience of autism and bilingualism is poorly understood, leading to poor support for autistic people in multilingual environments or those interested in languages. While most available studies focus on the language and cognitive profiles of autistic bilinguals, or on the experiences of parents, little is known about the lived experiences of autistic multilinguals.
Methods: To address this question, this study examined the impact of autism and multilingualism on the lives of 54 autistic multilingual adults who completed an online survey assessing the profiles of autistic bi- and multilinguals. We conducted a thematic analysis of responses to the survey’s open-ended questions to explore motivations for learning languages and the perceived benefits of being both autistic and multilingual.
Results: There was a wide range of language profiles in the sample, with various levels of proficiency, ages of acquisition, and learning environments. Respondents felt that being autistic can both positively and negatively influence language learning. They reported various motivating factors for the acquisition of multiple languages, including social aspects and a predisposition for language learning. Respondents reported many benefits of multilingualism, such as educational, employment or leisure opportunities; social skills and understanding of other people; self-confidence in their own abilities; and relationships with family, friends, and the worldwide autistic community.
Conclusions: Unlike previous work with autistic multilinguals involving case studies, the larger sample involved here offers valuable insight into the profiles and experiences of this overlooked population. Importantly, autistic people can experience numerous benefits from multilingualism. These findings will have implications for language education practices as well as for multilingual families and the practitioners who support them
Changes in Physical Education Teachers’ Motivations Predict the Evolution of Behaviors Promoting Students’ Physical Activity During the COVID-19 Lockdown
No full textThe present study aims to examine the motivational determinants underpinning changes in Physical Education teachers’ behaviors promoting physical activity during the COVID-19 lockdown
Cultural Additivity: An Overview
No full textThis essay provides the conceptual development of “cultural additivity.” It reviews three most relevant concepts namely syncretism, cultural hybridity, and creolization, and then makes a case for the usefulness of “cultural additivity” in explaining the adoption and rejection of emerging cultural values. The newly-introduced concept utilizes a well-developed mechanism for multi-filtering information called mindsponge (Vuong, 2016; Vuong & Napier, 2015)
Individual differences in neural markers of beat processing relate to spoken grammar skills in six-year-old children
No full textBased on the idea that neural entrainment establishes regular attentional fluctuations that facilitate hierarchical processing in both music and language, we hypothesized that individual differences in syntactic (grammatical) skills will be partly explained by patterns of neural responses to musical rhythm. To test this hypothesis, we recorded neural activity using electroencephalography (EEG) while children (N = 25) listened passively to rhythmic patterns that induced different beat percepts. Analysis of evoked beta and gamma activity revealed that individual differences in the magnitude of neural responses to rhythm explained variance in six-year-olds’ expressive grammar abilities, beyond and complementarily to their performance in a behavioral rhythm perception task. These results reinforce the idea that mechanisms of neural beat entrainment may be a shared neural resource supporting hierarchical processing across music and language and suggest a relevant marker of the relationship between rhythm processing and grammar abilities in elementary-school-age children, previously observed only behaviorally
Revealing the impact of expertise on human planning with a two-player board game
No full textIn recent years, artificial intelligence has made great progress in improving machine performance in tasks that require planning many steps ahead. By comparison, cognitive science has lagged behind in understanding human planning in complex tasks. One question of long-standing interest in this domain is whether skilled decision-makers plan further into the future than novices. Traditionally, the study of expertise in planning has focused on board games like chess, but the complexity of these games poses a barrier to detailed behavioral modeling. Conversely, common planning tasks in cognitive science are often lower-complexity and impose a ceiling for the depth to which any player can plan. Here, we investigate expertise in a complex board game that offers ample opportunity for skilled players to plan deeply. Despite this complexity, we show that human behavior can be captured using a computational cognitive model based on heuristic search. To validate this model, we predict human choices, response times, eye movements and perform a Turing test. Using the model, we find robust evidence for increased planning depth with expertise in both laboratory and large-scale mobile data. Our results highlight the promise of investigating human planning in complex tasks with precise behavioral modeling
ALAT BUKTI DI HUKUM ACARA PENGADILAN TATA USAHA NEGARA
No full textProses pembuktian di persidangan dalam sengketa PTUN berpegangan pada
ketentuan Pasal 107 yang menentukan apa yang harus dibuktikan, beban
pembuktian beserta penilaian pembuktian. Sahnya pembuktian diperlukan
sekurang-kurangnya dua alat bukti berdasarkan keyakinan hakim. Peradilan Tata
Usaha Negara telah menetapkan alat-alat bukti yaitu: surat atau tulisan, keterangan
ahli, keterangan saksi, pengakuan para pihak, pengetahuan hakim dan keadaan
yang telah diketahui oleh umum tidak perlu dibuktikan. penilaian atas alat bukti
berkaitan dengan penilaian atas hasil pembuktian secara keseluruhan dimana
seorang hakim mempunyai kebebasan menilai alat bukti yang diajukan dengan
berpegang bahwa alat bukti tersebut yang memberikan petunjuk terhadap
penyelesaian sengketa, sehingga hakim pada saat melakukan penilaian hasil suatu
pembuktian tidak hanya semata-mata berdasarkan pada keyakinannya tapi
didukung bukti lainny
Towards a Unified Neural Mechanism for Reactive Adaptive Behaviour
No full textSurviving in natural environments requires animals to sense sudden events and swiftly adapt behaviour accordingly. The study of such Reactive Adaptive Behaviour (RAB) has been central to a number of research streams, all orbiting around movement science but progressing in parallel, with little cross-field fertilization. We provide a concise review of these research streams, independently describing four types of RAB: (1) cortico-muscular resonance, (2) stimulus locked response, (3) online motor correction and (4) action stopping. We highlight remarkable similarities across these four RABs, suggesting that they might be subserved by the same neural mechanism, and propose directions for future research on this topic
Selective Effects of Focusing on Spatial Details in Episodic Future Thinking for Self-Relevant Positive Events
No full textMental simulations of positive future events increase their detail/vividness and plausibility, with effects on cognitive-affective processes such as anticipated and anticipatory pleasure. More recently, spatial details have been distinguished as important in increasing detail and elaborating mental scene construction. Building on this research, this study (N=54; M age=26.9) compared simulations of positive, self-relevant future events spatial details (i.e. people, objects, sequences of actions) with simulations focused on content details. Cross-sectionally at baseline, spatial details uniquely predicted phenomenological characteristics of future events, including anticipatory pleasure. The guided simulations increased detail and vividness, mental imagery, and pre-experiencing in both conditions. The content simulation condition did not increase content details relative to the spatial simulation condition, however, the inverse was true. Relatedly, overall detail and vividness was higher in the spatial condition, as was perceived control. The findings are discussed in relation to future thinking and mental health