Bulletin of NTU "KhPI". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice / Вісник Національного технічного університету "ХПІ". Серія: Проблеми удосконалювання електричних машин і апаратів. Теорія і практика
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The Psychology of Metal Music, Culture, and Dis/Ability
No full textThis chapter explores the psychological functions that metal culture helps provide for community members with dis/abilities. Explanations are provided for how individuals with dis/abilities are able use metal culture as a potential source for mood and symptom maintenance, representation, social relatedness, a sense of belonging, and as an outlet for sharing their experiences. The underlining cultural and historical contextualization of dis/ability in rock, punk, and metal cultures is discussed, including depictions that could be considered exploitative, exaggerative, or inaccurate in order to understand the extent to which metal culture is inclusive towards people with dis/abilities. It is proposed that the embracing of societally taboo topics like dis/ability in heavy metal music and culture can serve a destigmatizing role towards the dis/abled, and when combined with an overlapping ‘outsider’ identity, it fosters a welcoming environment in metal culture for people with dis/abilities. This theoretical framework is applied through qualitative interviews with metal community members that have firsthand experience with dis/ability in metal
‘Minds’ in ‘Homer’: A quantitative psycholinguistic comparison of the Iliad and Odyssey
No full text“My child, why do you weep? What grief has come upon your phrenes (φρένες)? Speak—conceal not in noos (νόος) in order that we both may know,” so speaks Achilles’ mother Thetis as the fierce warrior weeps tears of wrath on the beaches of Troy (Il. 1.362-363). To be sure, noos likely translates as mind in English in the above passage. However, Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey include a total of eight such words that may be rendered as mind, heart, or spirit: noos (νόος), thymos (θυμός), psykhe (ψυχή), phrenes (φρένες), prapides (πρᾰπῐ́δες), kardia (κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ), kradie (κρᾰδῐ́η), ker (κῆρ), and etor (ἦτορ). This complicated situation with Greek translations of mind is at the heart of this study’s empirical investigation. To wit, what is mind in the Il. compared to the Od.? The present investigation sought to quantify and compare the use of mental language in the Homeric epics by means of computational linguistics. Prior scholarly investigations have been mostly qualitative; the few quantitative studies conducted utilized miniscule sample sizes of English translations. Two studies were conducted. 17 translators who translated both the Il. and Od. into English were selected (within-subjects design). The texts were sanitized and compiled for lexical frequency analyses in Voyant, a digital linguistic analysis tool. Study 1 compared how often mental language terms appeared in both works. Results showed that total word density of mental language increased significantly from the Il. to the Od. in both English translations as well as in the original Greek version. Study 2 compiled an English glossary of mental language terms and counted the frequencies for the 34 total works. A paired-samples t-test was conducted to compare the mean mental language densities of the Il. and Od. across 17 translators. There was a significant difference in the mean densities for the Il. (M = 68.2, SD = 8.9) and Od. (M = 91.9, SD = 11.6) conditions; t(16) = -17.798, N = 17, p < .001, d = -4.317. Further correlational tests as well as ANCOVA were conducted in order to determine if various factors could explain the large effect size. No significant results were observed or relevant. All hypotheses were supported. These data suggest that the Od. contains much more mental language than the Il. Implications and limitations are discussed
My Boss the Computer: A Bayesian analysis of socio-demographic and cross-cultural determinants of attitude toward the Non-Human Resource Management
No full textHuman resource management technologies have moved from biometric surveillance to emotional artificial intelligence (AI) that monitor employees’ engagement and productivity, analyze video interviews and CVs of job applicants. The rise of the US$20 billion emotion AI industry will transform the future workplace. Yet, besides no international consensus on the principles or standards for such technologies, there is a lack of cross-cultural research on future job seekers’ attitude toward such use of AI technologies. This study collects a cross-sectional dataset of 1,015 survey responses of international students from 48 countries and 8 regions worldwide. A majority of the respondents (52%) are concerned about being managed by AI. Following the hypothetico-deductivist philosophy of science, we use the MCMC Hamiltonian approach and conduct a detailed comparison of 10 Bayesian network models with the PSIS-LOO method. We consistently find having a higher income, being male, majoring in business, and/or self-rated familiarity with AI correlate with a more positive view of emotional AI in the workplace. There is also a stark cross-cultural and cross-regional difference. Our analysis shows people from economically less developed regions (Africa, Oceania, Central Asia) tend to exhibit less concern for AI managers. And for East Asian countries, 64% of the Japanese, 56% of the South Korean, and 42% of the Chinese professed the trusting attitude. In contrast, an overwhelming majority of 75% of the European and Northern American possesses the worrying/neutral attitude toward being managed by AI. Regarding religion, Muslim students correlate with the most concern toward emotional AI in the workplace (β_Islam_Attitude’s mean =-0.16, sd =0.10; β_Buddhism_Attitude’s mean =-0.05, sd =0.07; β_Christian_Attitude ‘s mean = -0.10, sd= 0.09). When religiosity is higher, the correlation becomes stronger for Muslim and Buddhist students. This paper adds a cross-cultural perspective to the literature, which is currently skewed toward country-specific and profession-specific samples
Chuyên san Dạy và Học - Số 31 - Chuyển giao
No full textQuý độc giả thân mến,
Trước những thay đổi nhanh chóng và không lường trước được của nhân loại, nền giáo dục và người làm giáo dục cũng liên tục phải đối mặt với nhiều giai đoạn chuyển giao. Những thay đổi luôn dễ khiến ta thấy lo sợ, nhưng cùng với nó cũng là những hân hoan khi bắt đầu một hành trình mới. Để hỗ trợ quý vị trong những khám phá này, và cũng nhân dịp những ngày đầu năm mới 2021, BBT Lộn Xộn xin gửi tới quý vị Dạy và Học số 31 với tựa đề “Chuyển giao
Chúng ta sẽ cùng nhìn lại năm cũ với một tổng kết về “10 nghiên cứu giáo dục đáng chú ý nhất 2020”, để chuẩn bị hướng tới “Lớp học năm 2021...”. Dạy&Học số này cũng xin giới thiệu tới quý bạn đọc một nghiên cứu của tác giả Việt Nam về “Xã hội hóa giáo dục ở Việt Nam: từ sự tham gia của cộng đồng sang tư nhân hóa”, mang tới một góc nhìn toàn cảnh về những “chuyển giao” của giáo dục quốc gia.
Bên cạnh đại dịch COVID-19 bất ngờ ập tới, năm vừa rồi cũng chứng kiến những sự kiện đáng chú ý nhắc nhở nhân loại về những vấn đề dai dẳng còn chưa được giải quyết. Sau sự kiện Geogre Floyd, bài viết “Đã đến lúc để đánh giá lại những hiểu biết của chúng ta về 4Cs” là những thảo luận về việc nâng cao những hiểu biết về đa dạng văn hóa ở học sinh thông qua những giảng dạy về các kỹ năng quan trọng của thế kỷ 21. Cùng với đó, trong những đối thoại về phân biệt giới tính, chúng ta cũng cần để ý tới cả những tiếp cận dành riêng cho nam giới như gợi ý trong bài viết “Một không gian để học sinh nam được thể hiện sự “yếu đuối””. “Những chiến lược tốt nhất trường học có thể sử dụng để chống lại nạn bạo lực học đường” tiếp tục cung cấp những bằng chứng nghiên cứu để chống lại “bệnh dịch” không hồi kết ở trường học này.
Những đổi mới của giáo dục đòi hỏi nhiều đổi mới ở người dẫn dắt lớp trẻ. Dạy và Học số này mời quý vị tham khảo “6 đề xuất cần thiết cho một chương trình phát triển chuyên môn giáo viên”. Bên cạnh đó, “Gắn kết gia đình và thành công trong học tập: Nghiên cứu nói gì?” sẽ cung cấp nhiều thông tin hữu ích cho những ‘nhà giáo’ ngoài môi trường học đường. Cuối cùng, “Dẫn lối cho trí tò mò” cung cấp cho cả giáo viên và cha mẹ những gợi ý để khích lệ sự ham học hỏi ở con trẻ, một điều mà tất cả chúng ta đều cần trang bị trước mỗi đợt chuyển giao.
Xin chúc Quý vị có những khoảng thời gian thú vị.
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Ban Biên tập Lộn Xộ
Pengaruh Ekonomi Faktor Ekonomi Terhadap Gizi Balita
No full textMasalah gizi merupakan masalah yang umum di beberapa negara yang sedang
berkembang termasuk Indonesia terutama masalah kekurangan gizi. Rendahnya
pertumbuhan ekonomi akibat krisis ekonomi yang terjadi menyebabkan
meningkatnya insiden kemiskinan di negara ini. Peningkatan insiden kemiskinan
sangat memungkinkan berlangsung melalui kenaikan harga-harga (khususnya
komoditi makanan) karena depresiasi rupiah yang drastis, kontraksi sektor formal
yang kemudian berakibat pada menjamurnya kebangkrutan usaha-usaha ekonomi,
meningkatnya penganguran terbuka dan memburuknya prospek pasar kerja di
sektor informal perkotaan, dan penurunan drastis produksi pertanian. Kesemuanya
itu pada gilirannya berkibat pada penurunan tingkat pendapatan dan daya beli
sebagian besar penduduk, khususnya kelompok dengan pendapatan rendah, baik
dari daerah perkotaan maupun di pedesaan, rendahnya daya beli masyarakat
terhadap makanan menyebabkan semakin besarnya masalah gizi (gizi buruk)
khusunya pada balita
How Hypnotic Suggestions Work – A Systematic Review of Prominent Theories of Hypnosis
No full textIn recent decades, hypnosis has increasingly moved into the mainstream of scientific inquiry and today is the subject of concerted study on an international basis. Hypnotic and posthypnotic suggestions are frequently and successfully implemented in behavioral, neurocognitive, and clinical investigations and interventions. Despite abundant reports about the effectiveness of suggestions in altering behavior, perception, cognition, and subjective sense of agency (SoA), no consensus exists regarding the mechanisms driving these changes. This article reviews competing theoretical accounts that address questions regarding the genesis of subjective, behavioral, and neurophysiological responses to hypnotic suggestions. We systematically analyze the broad landscape of influential and promising hypnosis theories that best represent our estimation of the current status and future avenues of scientific thinking about hypnosis. We start with procedural descriptions of hypnosis, suggestions, and hypnotizability, followed by a systematic analysis of selected theories of hypnosis. Considering that prominent theoretical perspectives emphasize different aspects of hypnosis, our review reveals that each perspective possesses salient strengths, limitations, and heuristic values. We highlight both the necessity of revisiting extant theories of hypnosis to refine and enhance their adequacy and fertility and the value of formulating novel evidence-based accounts of hypnosis
Perceived Vulnerability to Infectious Disease and Perceived Harmfulness are as Predictive of Citizen Response to COVID-19 as Partisanship
No full textCitizens are biased information processors, perceiving the world in line with cues sent to them by elites. In this paper, I argue that an exception to this general pattern is when citizens’ personalities introduce accuracy goals into their reasoning. I test this argument in the context of the COVID 19 pandemic in a diverse sample of N = 1885 Americans, and a two-wave panel study of n = 650 Americans. I find that a personality construct, Perceived Vulnerability to Infectious Disease (henceforth PVD), structures partisans’ perceptions of how harmful COVID 19 is, with those high in PVD being more likely to accept evidence that the disease is deadly. The effect is particularly strong for Republicans, for whom a factor of PVD moderates the effect of partisanship on perceptions of virus harmfulness. Harm perceptions in turn led voters to attribute responsibility for the crisis to political elites
A century of suicide in Mandatory Palestine and in Israel, 1919-2019
No full textThe study provides crude suicide rates for the years 1919-2019 in the Hebrew/Jewish population in Palestine under the British Mandate and in Israel, as a society of immigrants. In addition, it explains the variations in the rates by reference to the correspondence between the levels of suicide among immigrants in Palestine/Israel and those in their countries of origin.
The explanation is based on studies, which have shown that the suicide rates among immigrants are similar to those prevailing in their countries of birth rather than their host country, despite changes in the social-environmental factors there. These findings also indicate that immigrants bring with them a specific genetic makeup that remains largely intact in host countries. Hence, genetic factors are what essentially accounts for the variations in suicide rates.
In addition to these genetic factors, the explanation presented here considers wars as an influencing social-environmental factor, since dozens of studies have shown that wars have an extensive impact on suicide rates.
The study reveals noticeable variation in the suicide rates over the years, influenced by rates in the immigrants' countries of birth. Compared with immigrants from European countries with high suicide rates, those from Middle Eastern and North African Muslim countries have shown remarkedly law rates and therefore reduced the overall rates in Israel. The study's findings also indicate a substantial connection between wars and the changing trends of suicide rates.
On the whole, the study discerns a picture of decreasing suicide rates, in particular for suicide rates among women. An analysis by gender reveals an uneven distribution, where more men than women died by suicide
IEEE Microwave Photonics Conference 2020 Tu1.2 channelizer OSF
No full textWe report a 92 channel RF channelizer based on a 48.9 GHz integrated micro-comb that operates via soliton crystals, together with a passive high-Q ring resonator that acts as a periodic filter with an optical 3dB bandwidth of 121.4 MHz. We obtain an instant RF bandwidth of 8.08 GHz and 17.55 GHz achieved through temperature tuning. These results represent a major advance to achieving fully integrated photonic RF spectrum channelizers with reduced low complexity, size, and high performance for digital-compatible signal detection and broadband analog signal processing
Emotional authenticity modulates affective and social trait inferences from voices
No full textThe human voice is a primary tool for verbal and nonverbal communication. Studies on laughter emphasize a distinction between spontaneous laughter, which reflects a genuinely felt emotion, and volitional laughter, associated with more intentional communicative acts. Listeners can reliably differentiate the two. It remains unclear, however, if they can detect authenticity in other vocalizations, and whether authenticity determines the affective and social impressions that we form about others. Here, 137 participants listened to laughs and cries that could be spontaneous or volitional, and rated them on authenticity, valence, arousal, trustworthiness, and dominance. Bayesian mixed models indicated that listeners detect authenticity similarly well in laughter and crying. Speakers were also perceived to be more trustworthy, and in a higher arousal state, when their laughs and cries were spontaneous. Moreover, spontaneous laughs were evaluated as more positive than volitional ones, and we found that the same acoustic features predicted perceived authenticity and trustworthiness in laughter: high pitch, spectral variability, and less voicing. For crying, associations between acoustic features and ratings were less reliable. These findings indicate that emotional authenticity shapes affective and social trait inferences from voices, and that the ability to detect authenticity in vocalizations is not limited to laughter