Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University Repository / 東北文化学園大学リポジトリ
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Practice Report on Acceptance of Employment Support for Disabled Persons Utilizing the University Campus
Get PDFForearm Muscle Function and Vasodilator Responses in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis
Get PDF本研究の目的は,血液透析患者における手指屈筋の最大筋力,筋持久力と駆血後の反応性充血を同年齢の健常成人と比較することである。方法:30ケ月以上血液透析を受けている8名と年齢を適合させた健常成人7名が対象であった。手指屈筋の最大筋力,および筋持久力の測定には手指筋力測定器を用いた。上腕を3分間駆血したときの前腕の反応性充血を組織血液酸素モニタにより測定した。結果:最大筋力,および筋持久力は透析者で有意に低い値を示した(p<O.01)。組織中酸素飽和度,酸素化ヘモグロビンの駆血中の最大変化量に対する駆血解放後の最大変化量の比および変化量の積分値の比は,いずれも血液透析群で有意に低下していた。駆血解放後の回復時間については両群間に有意差はみられなかった。結論:血液透析を要した患者においては,同年代の健常成人に比して手指屈筋の筋力・筋持久力のみでなく,同部位の反応性充血による酸素供給能も低下していた。The purpose of this study was to investigate both muscle function and vasodilator responses to arterial occlusion in patients receiving hemodialysis. Eight patients and seven age-matched healthy controls were tested. Maximum muscle strength and endurance were measured with a handgrip dynamometer. Vasodilator responses following 3-minute arterial occlusion were also measured at the forearm by near infrared spectroscopy. Maximum strength and endurance were significantly lower in the patients than in the controls (183±84 vs. 366±82 Newtons, pO.01; 19+6 vs. 45+13 sec, p<0.01). Maximum vasodilator responses estimated by oxyhemoglobin (Hrmax, the maximum value after relief of arterial occlusion / its minimum value before the relief: 32 ±20 vs. 61 ±27%, p<0.05; Hrarea, the area above baseline after the relief / the area below baseline before the relief: 31±21 vs. 78±31%, pO.O1) were significantly smaller in the patients compared with those in the controls. Furthermore, the two variables estimated by oxygen saturation (Hrmax: 31 ±14 vs. 56±13%, pO.O1; Hrarea: 28±17 vs. 54±16%, p<0.05) were also smaller in the patients. Thus, muscle contraction function and vasodilator responses to arterial occlusion are both impaired in patients receiving hemodialysis
Questionnaire survey of care workers and examination of time required for toileting care prior to development of standing-position support equipment
Get PDF運動機能の低下した被介護者がトイレ動作に介助を要する場合、日常生活を制限され、QOL低下をもたらす。また、介護者の身体的負担も大きく、移乗動作能力の向上が望まれるが、運動療法の実施のみでは効果は十分ではなく、生活における活動量増加が必要である。現在、福祉機器の移乗介助リフトは全介助型が主流であり、被介護者の身体機能を生かした機器は市販されていない。本研究では、日常生活動作の自立支援を目指した立位保持補助装置の開発に先立ち、基礎資料としての介護職員(CW)のニードやトイレ介助の現状を把握することを目的とし、アンケート調査ならびにトイレ所要時間を測定した。結果、CWで身体的負担を感じている者は70%、精神的負担を感じている者は50%であった。トイレ介助中に危険を感じる場面は被介護者の立位保持に関連しており、ズボン着脱時の介護量およびリスクの軽減がCWのニードであると考えられた。また、平均トイレ所要時間は6分22秒であった。With regard to toileting activity, including transfer, maintenance of a standing position and dressing/undressing, disabled individuals are markedly limited in their activities of daily living, and thus quality of life is reduced. On the other hand, because toileting care puts excessive physical burdens on caregivers, improvements in the limited body function of the disabled individuals are necessary. Such improvements cannot be obtained only by therapeutic exercise in short term ; it thus is necessary to increase such activities throughout the day. Among these activities, the sitting-to-standing motion is very important. However, there are no lifters at present that utilize the body function of disabled individuals, as current lifters are all assistive-type lifters. Thus, it is necessary to develop partial assistive-type lifters for toileting activity, including the sitting-to-standing motion. We have designated such lifts "standing-position support equipment". The purposes of this study were to investigate the needs of care workers and the present state of toileting care in a nursing home prior to the development of this equipment. We carried out a questionnaire survey of care workers, and measured the time required for toileting care. The average time required for toileting care was 6 minutes 22 seconds per toileting session, and 70% of care workers reported feeling physical burdened and 50% reported mental stress. Moreover, it was in the maintenance of the standing position that care workers felt the most risk during toileting care. In conclusion, care workers require equipment to mitigate the risk and physical load during the putting on or removal of trousers when the disabled individuals are maintaining the standing position
A Study on Prior Education Program of Social Interaction Skills for Clinical Fieldwork : Construction and Factor Analysis of a Scale for Social Interaction Skills (SA Ver 2)
Get PDF対象者に肯定的な効果をもたらすために必要な「対象者効果技能」と,指導者から見て望ましい学生の行動を表す「指導者期待技能」の2領域とOTの実施に必要な技術や知識の領域を加えた3領域を理論的に仮定し,それを基に93項目からなる社会的交流技能自己評価尺度(SA尺度)Ver2を作成した.同意を得たOT学生225名(男性79名,女性146名)にこの尺度を実施し,因子分析(主成分分析,固有値1基準,プロマックス斜交回転)を行い7因子が得られた.因子1「専門的スキルと知識」,因子2「対象者への尊重と配慮」,因子3「(対象者との)積極的交流」,因子4「指導者との円滑な関係」,因子5「柔軟な対処」,因子6「勤勉実直な態度」,因子7「責任ある行動」と名づけた.因子1はOTの技術・知識を,因子2と3は対象者効果技能を,因子4・5・6・7は指導者期待技能を表すものである.We distinguished two domains of social interaction skills necessary for OT students to engage in clinical field work. One is the client assist skill, which includes behaviors to produce positive effects in clients, and the other is the supervisor-expecting skill, which includes behaviors supervisors require of students. A new self-rating scale for social interaction skills (SA Scale Ver 2) was constructed from the above domains and an additional domain of OT professional techniques and knowledge. In a factor analysis of responses to the scale of 225 students (79 males and 146 females), who voluntarily participated in the study, we found 7 dimensions based on principal component analysis, 1 Eigen value criterion, and promax rotation. We interpreted them as "professional techniques and knowledge," "respect and consideration to client," "active interactions with client," "smooth interactions with supervisor," "flexible coping," "diligence and steadiness," and "responsibility." The first dimension represents OT professional techniques and knowledge, the second and third ones the client assist skill, and the others the supervisor-expecting skill
A study on expertise of special needs education coordinator exerting influence on awareness, availability and needs for healthcare professionals
Get PDF本研究は，宮城県内の小・中・特別支援学校675 校の特別支援教育コーディネーターを対象にアンケート調査を実施し，知識の差を，特別支援教育に関連する免許状を所持している群と所持していない群で区分し，医療関連職の認知度，利用度，外部機関へのニーズ等に影響を与えているかについて検討した（回収率50.0％，354 名）。認知度で違いを認めたのは，PT，OT，ST であった。利用度は，医師，看護師，保健師，PT，OT，ST で免許あり群で高く，両群で認知度・利用度共に高かったのは，臨床心理士であった。両群とも「障害のある児童生徒の対応方法」を求めており，免許なし群では知識も求める割合が高く，両群とも６割が地域の特別支援学校との関わりを持っていた。コーディネーターは知識の差でその連携や調整に違いが生じており，特別支援教育の中心となるコーディネーターの他職種への理解を深める方策を検討する必要性が示唆された。This study is a questionnaire survey on special needs education coordinators of 675 elementary schools, junior high schools and special needs schools in Miyagi Prefecture. The expertise of coordinators in relation to their awareness and utilization of healthcare professionals as well as recognition of the needs thereof was statistically analyzed between those with a special needs education license and those without (recovery rate 50.0%, n=354). The difference between the two groups in awareness was confirmed with Physical Therapists (PT), Occupational Therapists (OT), Speech-Language-Hearing Therapists (ST). Utilization was high with the licensed group including Medical Doctors, Nurse, Public Health Nurse, PT, OT, ST. Awareness and utilization percentages were high with Clinical Psychotherapists (CP) in both groups. Both showed eagerness to learn "how to deal with handicapped children". In addition, percentage of those without a license showing strong desire to acquire more knowledge was high. In both groups percentage of those affiliated with special needs schools of the community amounted to 60 percent. Different degrees of expertise of coordinators were found conducive to different manners of
collaboration and coordination, suggesting the need for coordinators to better understand healthcare professionals since they play central roles in special needs education
Gluteus maximus muscle activity during isometric contraction on hip adduction
Get PDF【目的】本研究では股関節内転運動時における大殿筋の筋活動を明らかにすることとした。【対象と方法】対象を健常青年男性25 名とした。大殿筋（上部線維・下部線維）を被検筋とし，筋力発揮率条件（最大筋力の20，40，60，80 %）に従って3 秒間の股関節内転運動（等尺性収縮）を行わせ，筋活動量を表面筋電にて導出した。【結果】大殿筋上部線維，下部線維ともに筋力発揮率の増加に伴う筋活動量の増加は認められなかった。【結語】本研究の結果より，股関節内転運動時における大殿筋の筋活動量は筋力発揮率にかかわらず低く，その活動は同時収縮によるものと推察された。これは，大殿筋に対する治療・評価を行う際の基礎データの一つと捉えている。[Purpose] This study specifically examined gluteus maximus muscle activity during isometric contraction on hip adduction.
[Methods] This study examined 25 young adult men. Surface electromyography of the gluteus maximus (GM) was recorded at the upper GM (UGM) and the lower GM (LGM) during isometric contraction under measurement conditions to ascertain the strength of hip adduction (20, 40, 60, and 80% maximum strength). Integrated EMG (IEMG) was calculated and standardized to the value obtained during maximum voluntary contraction.
[Results] The IEMG results of both UGM and LGM during isometric contraction on hip adduction were lower independently of the hip adduction strength.
[Conclusion] Results show that gluteus maximus muscle activity was lower during isometric contraction on hip adduction
On the Class Categories for Empirical Studies based on Social Survey Date and Investigate about the Way to Analyzed by the Concept of Class(Ver.1)
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