Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN - International University of Sarajevo)
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Automation of cost control process in construction project building information modeling (BIM)
Get PDFThis research is carried out to investigate the critical role of BIM technology in estimating the construction project cost with higher accuracy than the manual method of budget evaluation. A construction project case study is selected, presenting a commercial complex in Al-Anbar, Al-Ramadi, Iraq. A comparative analysis is conducted to compare the accuracy of the REVIT software (BIM technology) with the manual calculation method. The major research findings revealed that using the BIM technology via the REVIT software provided a more effective approach and practicality than manual calculations of steel, concrete, and other architectural components. In addition, the findings confirmed that the accuracy of cost estimation using BIM technology via REVIT software is better than manual calculations. The reason is the elimination of human errors during the calculations process. Thus, accurate results can be obtained from the REVIT software. Also, the research outputs indicated that using the BIM technology can save much time, effort, and cost needed to calculate the cost of the construction project compared to the manual cost estimation of the construction project
Antimicrobial resistance in aerobic bacterial isolates from broiler lungs
Get PDFAntibacterial resistant bacteria cause a big concern to poultry and to public health in general because some bacterial poultry pathogens can infect humans or transfer their resistance ability to human pathogens. Nontherapeutic use of antibacterial in poultry, especially as growth promoters to increase feed conversion efficiency is thought to be one of the main causes of resistance. The study included pulmonary swab samples collected during necropsy from 120 poultry farms showing respiratory symptoms with mortality. The disc diffusion method for antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed and antibiotic disks for 21 antibiotics were used. The results showed that three antibacterial were sensitive to more than 50% of the isolates. The first is doxycycline and 69.9% of the isolates were sensitive. The second is Cefalexin with 60.5% sensitive isolates and third is Chloramphenicol with 55.2% sensitive isolates. In the rest of antibacterial, less than 50% were sensitive. Five isolates were found resistant to all antibacterial. Moreover, three samples were found to be negative with no bacterial growth. The present study concluded that 50% of the aerobic bacteria isolated from poultry lungs are resistant to 85% of the 21 antibiotics tested in the study
Enhanced the prediction approach of diabetes using an autoencoder with regularization and deep neural network
Get PDFDiabetes mellitus is considered one of the foremost common and extreme diseases worldwide. A precise and early diagnosis of diabetes is essential to avoid complications and is of crucial importance to the medical care that patients get. To achieve that, we need to develop a model to predict diabetes. There are many prediction models, but they suffer from some problems such as the accuracy of prediction being poor and the time complexity. The prediction process is highly dependent on important features. So, in this paper, we proposed a new model called (CAER-DNN) that depends on an unsupervised technique for generating newly important features and a deep neural network for the prediction process. The unsupervised technique is called complete autoencoder with regularization techniques (CAER) that uses to reconstruct the original features (newly learned features). It is focused too much on training the most important learned features and misses out on less important features. Thus, improving the performance of the prediction process. These important features are used as input to the deep neural network for the prediction of diabetes. Our model is applied to two sets of data including Pima Indian and Mendeley diabetic datasets. Based on the 10-fold cross-validation technique Pima Indian dataset achieves high performance in evaluation measures (f1-score 97.38%, accuracy, recall 97.25%, specificity 97.59%, precision 97.53%,). While the Mendeley diabetes dataset achieved high performance in evaluation measures (f1-score 94.51%, accuracy 98.48, recall 91.74%, accuracy-balance 98.21%, precision 98.21%) based on the holdout technique. compared with other existing machine learning and deep learning techniques our model outperformed existing techniques
Studying the change in inclination and semi-major axis of the satellites for low earth orbits
Get PDFThe main point of this paper is to evaluate the change in the inclination (i) and semi-major axis (a) due to tidal perturbation in orbital elements of a low Earth orbiting satellite LEO\u27s. The orbital elements in the sense of Keplerian motion are affect perturbation in a satellite motion and change in the orbital elements must be employed to study the perturbations of the tidal effect on these satellites. These elements remain constant in the absence of perturbation where perturbed equation of motion was numerically integrated using Lagrange’s formulas where numerical analysis is the most suitable method to analyze disturbances. The findings demonstrate that the tidal disruption of the orbital elements relies on the satellite\u27s inclination the variation in the ratio (∆i/i) and (∆a/a) decreases with increasing the inclination of satellite, while it increases with increasing the time and the difference in inclination reduces as the satellite\u27s inclination rises, and the difference in semi major axis increases as time increases
Enhancement of speech scrambles using DNA technique and chaotic maps over transformation domain
Get PDFThis work presents and describes a new method for speech scrambles in light of chaotic maps and DNA coding. Both a wavelet transform (DWT) and Discrete cosine transform (DCT) are used to change the speech signal into another format for processing. The chaotic maps are represented by Logistic-Chebyshev map (LCH) and Random Logistic map (RLM) which are employed for generating sequences of keys that are used in the proposed system, hence the use of DNA encoding technology as an emerging technology for enhancing the security of speech. The proposed system is illustrated explicitly and tested with various security speech signals metrics, such as the coefficient, signal to noise ratio and peak signal to noise ratio. All tests of the proposed system concluded that the speech signal is reliably secure and undetectable, and hence the proposed system provides a sufficient security level
Use of construction materials to improve the properties of clay soil
Get PDFThe demolition of old buildings, construction, and rebuilding processes leave a waste called the so-called construction waste. For the save the environment and its aesthetics, as well as for the economic and financial benefit from these wastes, as well as for the removal of all obstacles that may affect the continuity of work, so there was a joint responsibility of several parties, including the municipalities in addition to the party responsible for the construction process, which may be individuals or Construction companies contribute to the disposal and possible utilization of these wastes at the same time, and thus this has led to the joint responsibility of several parties and parties in recycling these wastes.
This research paper presents a study in the Use of construction waste to improve the properties of clay soil, by taking samples from the location of a building under construction in the city center of Hilla / Iraq. where we mixed it with ceramic powder. 
English character recognition algorithm by improving the weights of MLP neural network with dragonfly algorithm
Get PDFCharacter Recognition (CR) is taken into consideration for years. Meanwhile, the neural network plays an important role in recognizing handwritten characters. Many character identification reports have been publishing in English, but still the minimum training timing and high accuracy of handwriting English symbols and characters by utilizing a method of neural networks are represents as open problems. Therefore, creating a character recognition system manually and automatically is very important. In this research, an attempt has been done to incubate an automatic symbols and character system for recognition for English with minimum training and a very high recognition accuracy and classification timing. In the proposed idea for improving the weights of the MLP neural network method in the process of teaching and learning character recognition, the dragonfly optimization algorithm has been used. The innovation of the proposed detection system is that with a combination of dragonfly optimization technique and MLP neural networks, the precisions of the system are recovered, and the computing time is minimized. The approach which was used in this study to identify English characters has high accuracy and minimum training time
Various methods for retrofitting prestressed concrete members: A critical review
Get PDFStructures of a building can get exposed to adverse conditions resulting from overloading situations, which would eventually contribute to massive building degradation. The choice to repair the building structures seems to be very costly. The possible step that could be taken is by implementing a method of reinforcing and strengthening the building structures. For the past years, strengthening methods by implementing various innovative technologies has been seen to become a modern scientific topic in the fields of environmental and civil engineering study. Previous related studies on the reinforcement of pre-stressed concrete beams (PSC) by adding different elements have been observed by past researchers. The tests were carried out to evaluate the shear and flexural capacities of the building structures after the mechanisms were installed. A large number of scholars have conducted such studies with different types of interacting factors. In this study, a review will be presented by analyzing various techniques that have been implemented by multiple researchers for strengthening pre-stressed concrete beams, as well as their shear and flexure performances of the beams
Studying the impact of geosynthetic materials on the strain-stress state of soil structures applicable to the mechanics of granular media
Get PDFIn the modern construction industry, a solution being successfully proven is the use of geosynthetic materials, applied as semi-holders, to increase the reliability and stability of soil structures. In connection therewith, solving the issues of expanding the range of methods and approaches to predicting the behavior of such structures under the activity of surface loads is a relevant task, since this is a vital factor in evaluating the designing arrangements made, including the use of geosynthetic materials. The aim of the studies according to this paper is to expand the pertinence of the mechanics of granular media (MGM) in order to assess the reliability of decisions made in the design of soil structures from pitifully durable soils, supported with geosynthetic materials, by comparing the obtained values with the results of full-scale tests and the values obtained by the limited component strategy. For this purpose, the paper presents a comparative analysis for the results of determining vertical stresses under the bridge reinforced with geosynthetic materials and its displacement, obtained by the mechanics of granular media and the limited component strategy. The results of laboratory tests, performed in a soil tray, were taken as verification data. The actual values of vertical stresses were determined using soil pressure sensors, and the values of displacement were determined using the movement indicator of the clockwork installed on the deflection meter of a die unit. An approach to determining displacement of a reinforced bridge using the mechanics of granular media was presented for the first time. The newly presented approach to determining displacement of an bridge, reinforced at the base with geosynthetic materials, allows us to conclude on its reliability, which significantly expands the applicability of the MGM as an alternative to the use of the limited component strategy. The aftereffects of contrasting the upsides of vertical anxieties under the bridge reinforced with geosynthetic materials and its displacement, utilizing the Plaxis programming bundle and the MGM dependencies, counting when contrasted and the consequences of lab tests, are presented. Based on the results obtained, a general conclusion was made on the possibility to use the MGM dependencies in deciding the example of the pressure dispersion and the values of displacement of reinforced bridges under the action of surface loads. The paper also discloses the promising directions of research in this area of geotechnical engineering
The effect of cyclic twist angle on mechanical properties for AISI 1038 medium carbon steel
Get PDFA group of 11 specimens AISI 1038 Medium carbon steel alloy fabricated according to ASTM standard D790-02 torsion test were twisted cyclically one in positive another to negative angle in range of angles (0o-50o), step 5 degrees for each specimen. The data from torsion test device help to get actual torques and shear stresses, later the specimens tested the tensile test to figure out the effects of cyclic angle of twist on mechanical properties for AISI 1038 Medium carbon steel. The results showed a good agreement between the theoretical and actual data (torque, shear stress) for specimens with positive angle of twist by the percentage: 98%, 91%, 96%, 93%, 91%, 89%, 88%, 85%, 82%, 81%, 80%. In other side the results for experimental tests showed a dangerous decrements in mechanical properties for cyclic or negative twist angles, the yield stress for reference specimen without twist angle is 490 Mpa, yield stress increased for angels (5o,10o,15o) by 1%, 3%, 6%, then decreased for angels (20o,25o,30o,35o,40o,45o) by 3%, 5%, 13%, 18%, 24% and 35% Respectively and the final specimen with 50o angle of twist had been broken torsional before tensile test as a result specimens groups consequent of the extrusion – intrusion defects concomitant from twisting load