Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN - International University of Sarajevo)
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Formation of Students\u27 Research Skills in Digital Transformation of Physics Teaching
Get PDFRapid changes in the composition of the student audience and the need to intensify practical classes force us to reconsider the usual approaches to teaching physics. This study examines the use of digital technologies, including the creation of a virtual laboratory, to enhance students\u27 research skills without sacrificing face-to-face learning. The focus is on how digital tools can replicate hands-on learning and facilitate a more engaging and effective learning process. A mixed-method study was conducted at the Kazakh National Women\u27s Pedagogical University and Kazan Federal University. It included experimental research and a cross-sectional survey to assess students\u27 academic achievement using pre- and post-testing. The data collected were analyzed using ANOVA and other statistical methods. The introduction of virtual laboratories significantly improved student motivation and engagement in the learning process. This platform promoted the development of research skills, allowing students to actively study the material and perform simulation experiments. Teachers used accessible learning paths and tools to create individualized educational programs. At the same time, certain difficulties were identified related to technical aspects and ensuring proper user support. The use of digital technologies, in particular virtual laboratories, contributes to the growth of students\u27 interest in physical culture and the improvement of their research skills. To achieve the best results, it is important to overcome technical difficulties and ensure proper training for both students and teachers. Important conditions for the successful implementation of digital tools in the educational process are the provision of comprehensive support and the organization of high-quality training
Agrotourism as an Instrument of Sustainable Development of the Rural Economy: A Case Study of Central and Eastern Europe
Get PDFThis study investigates the factors influencing the success of agrotourism as a sustainable rural development strategy in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 200 respondents, including agrotourism operators, community members, and policymakers, and analysed with logistic regression. The findings highlight that tertiary education, community participation, farm size, sustainability practices, and tourist volume significantly impact success, while age shows a negative correlation. Specifically, 60% of tertiary-education operators leveraged innovative marketing and sustainable farming techniques, achieving higher success rates. Community participation emerged as the strongest predictor (odds ratio = 6.126), with farms engaging local communities, attracting an average of 820 tourists annually and generating notable revenue. Larger farms (mean size = 12.3 hectares) succeeded by offering diverse activities, while eco-friendly practices (mean sustainability index score = 3.8 out of 5) appealed to environmentally conscious tourists. Older operators (mean age = 45.2 years) faced challenges adopting digital tools, highlighting the need for tailored capacity-building programs. Additionally, the study explores the unique opportunities and challenges presented by mountainous terrain, which offers potential for eco-tourism due to its natural beauty and biodiversity but requires targeted infrastructure investments and conservation efforts. The study recommends educational initiatives, community-based tourism promotion, financial incentives for sustainability, and improved infrastructure to enhance accessibility
Innovative methods of teaching the short story genre in the context of digitalization of education: A cross-sectional study of students in Kazakhstan
Get PDFThe article is aimed at the development and implementation of innovative methods of teaching a short story as a literary genre with the use of digital instruments. The research suggests using a cross-sectional study based on descriptive methodology and comparative analysis. The study was set up at the Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University and included 68 participants (38 in the experimental group and 30 – in the control group). The results found that digital tools are widely used to teach a short story as a literary genre. The effective methods to teach a short story as a literary genre are the following: debate and interactive discussion through online platforms, writing exercises, role-playing and simulation, problem-based tasks, thematic mind mapping, comparative study, collaborative projects, video lectures, and peer learning. Besides, it was proved that a short story is an efficient educational tool and contributes to the improvement of the professional skills of future philologists. They refer to analytical skills, critical thinking, creativity, digital literacy, emotional intelligence, cross-cultural competence, communicative skills, creative writing, and textual analysis. The experiment resulted in the development of recommendations for teaching the short story as a literary genre at the institutional, pedagogical, technological, linguistic, and psychological tiers. In conclusion, innovative methods based on digital tools enhance the process of teaching a short story as a literary genre and contribute to the training of philological students
Technical-economic evaluation of a portable solar machine of potential use in pumping systems and water purification, through the use of photovoltaic solar technology for non-interconnected areas in Colombia
Get PDFThe purpose of this article is to present the dimensioning of a portable, autonomous solar machine, of potential utility in pumping systems and water purification, through the use of photovoltaic solar technology and inno-vation to an unsatisfied basic need, such as service drinking water, in areas of the country, where there are inconveniences for access to drinking water and electricity service. The solar machine is innovative, modular, portable, easy to transport and install, sustainable and environmentally friendly, with zero greenhouse gas emissions as it is powered by photovoltaic technology. The solar machine is innovative, modular, portable, easy to transport and install, sustainable and environmentally friendly, with zero greenhouse gas emissions as it is powered by photovoltaic technology and does not use batteries. This portable solar machine substantially reduces the cost of investment, operation and maintenance, by using photovoltaic solar panels and working with direct current, eliminating the use of the conventional electrical power network, inverters, for its opera-tion and can be dimensioned for water. surface water from rivers or reservoirs to the reservoir or pond, the same as for groundwater from wells, for the supply of drinking water, through the improvement, disinfection and sterilization of drinking water, to improve the quality of life of rural communities and secondly measure for use in the agricultural sector, for irrigation, domestic use, livestock (livestock pasture) and other services, for the rural development of the regions in Colombia
Engineering assessment of water quality correlationsfor passive aquaponic systems in tropical environments
Get PDFThis study presents an engineering-oriented correlation analysis of water quality variables—pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO)—in a passive aquaponic system integrating red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) under tropical outdoor conditions. Environmental data were collected at 45-minute intervals over three months using embedded sensors and a microcontroller-based data logger. Pearson, Spearman, and Kendall correlation coefficients were applied to evaluate linear and monotonic relationships among variables. The results indicate a moderate, statistically significant positive correlation between pH and DO (r = 0.566, p < 0.001), and a weaker but still significant correlation between temperature and DO (r = 0.420, p < 0.001). No significant relationship was found between pH and temperature (r = 0.081, p = 0.271). These findings demonstrate that natural environmental dynamics can support acceptable water quality levels without active aeration or control systems. The correlation structure obtained may inform the design of low-cost, energy-efficient monitoring frameworks and decision-support tools for aquaponic systems in resource-constrained or offgrid environments
Algorithm for the use of intelligent drone ports in emergency situations in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Get PDFA structured algorithm has been developed in this study for the application of intelligent drone ports during emergency situations in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Primary considerations for the employment of drones during emergency situations in Kazakhstan include vast territorial areas, given the geography and extreme climate conditions. Initially, comprehensive performance criteria and indicators are established to cover operational performance, cost-effectiveness, safety, social and regional dimensions for the effective employment of drones during disasters/emergencies, facilitating subsequent response management. Various available drone ports were analyzed, which include universal, user-defined, and mobile stations. Following this, an analysis and classification of drones were carried out based on their functional roles in emergency management. Based on these criteria and classification, a five-stage operational algorithm was proposed. These stages are emergency detection and notification, task planning, task execution, maintenance, data collection and analysis. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML) and computer vision, is recommended for improving automation, responsiveness, and decision-making efficiency, thereby enhancing the effective employment of drones in disaster response management. A scalable and adaptable framework was proposed to increase the overall capacity of emergency response management in Kazakhstan, thereby reducing risk and optimizing resource utilization. This research provides not only a theoretical foundation for performance assessment but also a practical roadmap for future implementation, testing, and policy development for the employment of intelligent drones in general elsewhere in the world and in particular for Kazakhstan.
Generating user stories and acceptance criteria through extensions to the iStar framework
Get PDF1. Introduction: Currently, user stories and acceptance criteria are the most used primary artifact for the documentation and specification of requirements in the software development life cycle, mainly due to their concise notation and natural language. However, these artifacts are usually poorly written, generating process debts, and therefore, quality defects in the system that is developed. To minimize this problem, the capabilities of the iStar Framework—which is a framework for objective-oriented requirements modeling—have been extended, defining 9 transformation rules, a process and an application example, which will support the transformation of iStar models in models adapted to the structure of user stories and acceptance criteria according to the Gherkin format. 2. Method: For this, a systematic and detailed process was followed made up of process elements as well as roles, subprocesses, activities and input and output artifacts. Likewise, the evaluation of the proposal was carried out through a focus group made up of professionals who are experts in agile approaches, user stories and acceptance criteria. 3. Results and discussion: The results show that the participants determined that the proposed rules and the process defined for their application are clear, complete, suitable and applicable in agile projects, and that in addition; provides a valuable tool to companies to improve the identification, documentation, specification and development of functional requirements. 4. Conclusions: The proposed transformation rules, process and application example allow professionals in software organizations to have a graphic and general vision of the relationships between actors and activities within a software system, which can be translated into the generation of specifications. of functional requirements through user stories and acceptance criteria minimizing documentation defects
Quantum machine learning optimization using Koopman operator technique
Get PDFQuantum machine learning (QML) is a nascent field showing great potential in addressing complex problems. QML algorithms aim to combine the qubit’s properties, like entanglement, interference, and superposition, to perform better than any classical computation in specific tasks. This paper explores a new way of employing the Koopman operator to demonstrate its application to quantum optimization in quantum machine learning.
Koopman operator-based quantum optimization has applications in various dynamical systems, where it can optimally capture the full nonlinear behavior of a system [1]. This work investigates the Koopman operator approach for quantum optimization for quantum machine learning algorithms. To do so, we capitalize on recent breakthroughs in the field, such as data-driven methods for uncovering Koopman models and the application of the Koopman operator to investigate quantum machine learning optimal strategies. Specifically, we provide a strategy-driven approach with the full pipeline for encoding classical dynamical systems into quantum-accessible representation, thus employing beneficial properties of Koopman and transfer operators. This strategy enables us to represent the state space of classical systems in terms suitable for quantum computation. Here, we introduce a framework for using the Koopman operator to represent complex, high-dimensional classical dynamics on a quantum computer to enhance classical machine learning algorithms by transferring their capabilities onto quantum systems. Additionally, we provide a programmatical framework for using the Koopman operator in quantum machine learning frameworks on the IBM Qiskit framework
Developing a water quality model using fuzzy approach for the Al-Gharraf River in Southern Iraq
Get PDFThe present study develops a water quality model based on fuzzy approach to assessment of the surface water quality in Al-Gharraf River located in the South of Iraq. The water quality parameters, including Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chloride (CL), Sulphate (SO4), Nitrate (NO3), and Phosphate (PO4), were selected as input parameters to fuzzy water quality model (FWQ). To evaluate the performance of the proposed model (FWQ) of Al-Gharraf River in the period of the study, the produces of our model were compared with those of the water quality index (WQI) and Canadian Water Quality Index (CWQI). They showed similar results and were sensitive to changes in the level of water quality parameters. However, the model proposed in the present study produced a more stringent produces compared to the WQI and CWQI. Results from the simulation indicate that the sensitivity analysis of the suggested approach will be improved by almost (17%, and 24%) more than that achieved by the processes WQI and CWQI, respectively. In conclusion, the proposed index seems to produce accurate and reliable results and can be used as a comprehensive tool for water quality assessment
Employing auxiliary natural lighting systems within the elements of traditional buildings: A special study on employing one of the auxiliary lighting techniques within one of the elements of a mosque in the ancient urban fabric
Get PDFTechnological development is considered one of the most important influences that contributed to the change of some design elements (formal and functional), both or each. Among these elements is the mina-ret. This was evident in the old urban fabric, and because of the existence of other basic reasons in the tradi-tional fabric, including the increase in the population of the weaving area, which led to the dispensation of the inner courtyard. It had changed from an element that has a shape and function to an element that has a shape only, to indicate the presence of a mosque this was evident in the old urban fabric .Due to the pres-ence of other essential causes in the traditional fabric like the increase in population among the inhabitants of the fabric which led to neglecting the internal area , moreover climate change led to the use of window openings as outlets for air conditioning instruments ,the researcher employed the minaret to enable sunlight inter the inner space of the mosque (prayer space) due to the importance of natural sunlight effect on peo-ple\u27s psychological and physiological health . This research was conducted in a clear sky of Babil province for latitude of (32.8) north, small samples were made measuring 1:20 for the minaret and the mosque space, a device for measuring the sunlight amount (Multi-Function Environment Meter 4IN1) was used . Results showed an increase in natural sunlight reflected inside the space of the mosque. This study came out with the following recommendations, the importance of employing the archeological elements which their func-tions were altered by technological growth to enhance the internal environment with the finding of solutions to the amount of harmony in distributing sunlight (distributing natural sunlight harmoniously )