Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN - International University of Sarajevo)
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1290 research outputs found
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Efficient and Optimal Routing Using Ant Colony Optimization Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Networks
Full text linkRecently more number of routing protocols is discovered for better data routing in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). However link failures exist in the network due to appearance of low energy nodes, low link gap connectivity while routing, etc. To compute low complexity routes and to minimize the energy consumption a nature bio inspired algorithm Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) mechanism is applied in the sensor networks. An Efficient and Optimal Routing using ACO is proposed. The premium route is determined with sub-premier nodes having high link-gap connectivity factor. The best premier nodes are selected from the sub-premier nodes on basis of bandwidth integrity and eternal energy factors for determining the premium route. The proposed work is validated by comparing the results of other existing techniques. The performance metrics proves that the proposed mechanism exhibits better throughput and delivery rate with low loss rate
Green Materials and Applications
Full text linkA green material suits most tunefully within ecosystem practices and donates to the achievement of a servicebased economy. Due to the properties of non-toxic, organic and recycling, green materials are widely used invarious industrial applications. Green materials can be categorized as natural materials, plastics, ceramicsand composite materials, and they are extensively utilized in building materials. In this study, green materialsare briefly introduced and their applications are shortly reviewed. 
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH USING DEMATEL, ANP AND TOPSIS FOR EVALUATING RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
Full text linkResearch and development (R&D) projects should be one of the main dimensions of universities for providing academicdevelopment. It is also a core performance indicator for monitoring and ranking universities. For these reasons, usually there aremany projects submitted to the institutions that fund R&D projects. Funding institutions should evaluate the submitted projects interms of multi-criteria and select the suitable ones among them. Therefore multi-criteria decision making techniques can beimplemented as a useful tool for these kinds of problems. In this study an integrated approach which includes DEMATEL, ANP andTOPSIS methods is used for evaluating and ranking projects. The criteria are determined by taking the Turkish Scientific andTechnical Research Institute’s (TÜBİTAK) project selection procedures into consideration. DEMATEL method is used in order todetect the cause and effect interaction among main criteria. Then ANP method is implemented for calculating the weights of eachcriterion. Finally, TOPSIS method is applied for ranking the projects. 
Internet of Things: Current Technological Review
Full text linkThis paper is a review of Internet of Things (IoT) with standards and industrial state-of-art approach. The purpose is to giveinsight into concept of “smart living”, a concept that meets requirements of today’s modern individuals and the society.Implementation of this new technology requires new hardware and software installed and run on devices (“things”) connected tothe Internet anytime and anywhere. In order to make possible this new technology for wide use, few technological, standards andlegal issues need to be solved. Several key companies (such as Intel, Cisco, IBM, etc.) are proposing their own standards both inHW and SW solutions and the time will tell which standard will emerge as a dominant one. Standards are the key for world wideacceptance of this new technology, as well as underlying wireless data technologies such as WiFi, ZigBe, and new emerging 4Gand 5G mobile technologies. 
The validity of the scientific method in modern physics
Full text linkThe scientific method is described clearly for the first time at Kitab al-Manazir (Book of Optics) of Ibn al-Haytham(Alhazen 965 – 1040). But recently there is some debate regarding its validity of theories describing our universe likestring theory and multiverse. It is well known that scientific method paved the way for true science and technologythrough more than thousand years ago. We argue here that, scientific method should remain to be the only way to getand verify natural sciences
Adults’ readiness for online learning in the Czech Republic and Latvia (digital competence as a result of ICT education policy and information society development strategy)
Full text linkThe study examined adults’ readiness for online learning in the Czech Republic and in Latvia. This paper describes and compares the research results in the Czech Republic and Latvia. The outcomes of the study show that there is no statistically significant difference in adults’ readiness to study online between both countries. Statistically significant differences were found in the Czech Republic – adults in the age group 18-29 had higher results in the “Readiness to study online”, while adults in the age group 50-58 had the lowest result. Also statistically significant differences were found in relation to previous activities – people, who had enrolled and completed online learning courses previously, had significant higher rate of “Readiness to study online”. This was observed both in Latvia and the Czech Republic. Collecting data from online readiness survey tool before the course would give useful information to the faculty to plan specific activities for specific groups of learners, to customize their learning path during the progress of the course
A forecast model for a road network’s section traffic capacity assessment on a territory of the cryolithozone in conditions of the climate change
Full text linkA model is proposed in which the capacity of the road network section depends on the technical and operational condition of the road surface – the presence of sinkholes, potholes, ruts, as well as their predictive depth. Appearing of these defects on the road surface is associated with excessive thawing and permafrost soil settlement in the formation occurring under the influence of the climate change. The soil thawing depth is modelled on the basis of predictive climatic parameters during the full average year, and then the maximum thawing depth and the corresponding soil settlement is determined. Three main scenarios of the climate change are considered: temperature contrast increasing, uniform warming and their combination. The assumed value of warming or temperature contrast increasing is considered to be a random value distributed according to the normal law; the predicted decrease in the road section capacity is defined as a weighted average over the entire range of possible climate changes. According to the results of the numerical implementation of the model on the road network sections for natural and climatic conditions of Yakutia, it is shown that in the third scenario of the climate change the road network section capacity is predicted to decrease from 17% (the formation is dry sandy permafrost soil) to 50% (the formation is clay soil of high humidity). The impact of natural and climatic features of the territory is predicted to be at a level up to 10% of the total reduction in the capacity of road network sections
Cooperatives in IT sector: theoretical and practical aspects
Full text linkInformation technologies are developing rapidly. The number of people envolved in IT sector is also growing fast. Users, freelancers, software developers, IT companies create various formal and non-formal interest groups: community, hackathons, co-workings, hackerspaces, IT-clusters, and others. IT-cooperative is one of these new, very promising, but yet little-known forms. The article reveals the features of cooperative as a unique form of business based on solidarity and ethical principles. The article shows the reasons of cooperatives emergence, their types and varieties, features and extent of development in the world and in separate sectors of economy of different countries. The basic cooperative principles, which make coops unique and distinguish them from other forms of business activity, are analyzed. The experience and activity of individual IT-cooperatives in different countries are generalized. The emphasis is made on the benefits cooperative business model can provide the IT specialists with. Several possible promising models of IT-cooperatives are developed. There is not information about existence of such models yet, but they can be created potentially
Digital skills and their development in the Czech Republic
Full text linkThe process of digitization keeps accelerating and the consequences of the transformation of the existing traditional practices is manifesting in all areas of human life. However, technological advances bring a whole range of significant changes that put increased demands on both their adoption and their successful management and, last but not least, the continued effective improvement of the development. To meet these requirements and to ensure the efficiency of transformation processes associated with growing digitization, digital skills are an indispensable necessity. Digital skills are the core stone of the 4.0 industrial revolution. The paper analyses the state of digital skills in the Czech Republic in the years 2014-2016. The Czech Republic is developing a number of initiatives to contribute to the development of digital skills. However, it is important to build a closer relationship and cooperation between industry, research centres and universities to reflect the reality effectively and appropriately. The document draws conclusions and makes recommendations based on the research findings, which are the subject of discussion
An enhanced hybrid image encryption algorithm using Rubik’s cube and dynamic DNA encoding techniques
Full text linkImage encryption is among the most active solutions to protect confidential pictorial information. However, to design a strong image encryption algorithm with no recognizable pattern, the researchers in this field have to enrich the confusion and diffusion properties. This study proposes an efficient hybrid system that combines two techniques. First, we propose a modified version of Rubik\u27s Cube technique for scrambling colored image pixels to achieve fast confusion. This technique not only scrambles the position of image pixels but also scrambles the color channels. Then, dynamic DNA encoding algorithm is used to encrypt the pixel’s values. DNA encoding rules are used in conjunction with a secret key. We propose to select the DNA rules dynamically to enhance the security level. Five fidelity metrics are employed to assess the capability of this system. These are PSNR, SSIM, NPCR, Entropy, and CCA. The results indicate that the proposed system enhances the general security requirements with enriched confusion and diffusion properties of the encrypted image