The Scientific Journal of Rezeknes Augstskola
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BURNOUT SYNDROME IN SLOVAK TEACHERS IN RELATION TO SELECTED VARIABLES OF THE JOB DEMAND RESOURCES MODEL
Full text linkThe aim of this paper is to explore and analyse the prevalence of risk factors (and factors) associated with burnout among Slovak teachers. The research sample consists of 274 respondents: teachers, school principals, and other pedagogical staff. We used the Job Demand Resources Model (JD-R model), which suggests that the interplay between job demands and resources determines the overall impact on employee well-being. Jobs with high demands and low resources are likely to lead to burnout and health issues, while jobs with high demands but sufficient resources can lead to positive outcomes such as increased motivation and job satisfaction. Investigating burnout in teachers is essential for promoting the well-being of educators, maintaining a high-quality education system, and ensuring positive outcomes for both teachers and learners. Based on the Job Demand Resources Model, this study aims to analyse the relationship between selected variables and burnout syndrome among Slovak teachers
AIM AND MEANING OF BREATHING EXERCISES: INTERDISCIPLINARY LITERATURE REVIEW
Full text linkRespiration is an indispensable aspect of life that significantly influences both the physical and mental well-being of individuals, depending on such factors as depth and rhythm. Exploring the distinctions between chest and abdominal breathing is crucial for understanding their profound impacts, and embracing appropriate breathing exercises has proven to be advantageous for short-term relief and long-term holistic health. While acknowledged for diverse therapeutic applications, such as mitigating vocal cord fatigue, a comprehensive exploration of breathing exercises remains essential. Sport scientists and coaches are encouraged to acquire a set of breathing exercises for future implementation in the training routines. This study strives to conduct an interdisciplinary literature review to shed light on the aims, meaning, and classification of breathing exercises. Employing a literature review methodology, were analysed peer-reviewed articles from PubMed and ScienceDirect published during the years from 2000 to 2023, focusing on such keywords as breathing exercises, deep breathing, nasal breathing, abdominal breathing, thoracic breathing, pursed-lip breathing, breathing control, and respiratory muscle training. The research findings illustrate the multifaceted definitions, components, aims, and classifications of breathing exercises. This study establishes a foundation for identifying distinct subtypes, contributing to a more nuanced understanding of the significance and purpose of breathing exercises in enhancing overall well-being.
MULTICULTURALISM AND INTERCULTURALISM: REALITY OR VISION IN TEACHING
Full text linkToday, the increasing mobility of people, globalisation and various political and economic circumstances have created a situation in which intercultural communication issues are more often on our minds. As shown on the Official Statistics website, of the 38708 long-term migrants who arrived in Latvia in 2022, only 5214 were ethnic Latvians, while 7758 were school-age children (Latvijas oficiālā statistika, 2023). The publication examines the experience of intercultural education in Latvia to date, keeping in mind that not only in Latvia, but also globally, there are different opinions on how much attention should be paid on intercultural education issues in schools. The aim of this publication is to analyse the readiness of general education teachers of Latvia to work in multicultural classrooms using the teaching methods, which require a pedagogical approach based on a tolerant attitude towards ethnic, cultural and religious differences between the people. The main research question: how much teachers in comprehensive schools are aware of intercultural education issues and willing to use intercultural education methods in their work. The study is based on the results of a survey of teachers working in grades 1-12 in general education schools. The research results lead to the conclusion that teachers’ awareness on intercultural issues is not sufficient.
THE INFLUENCE OF BODY POSITION ON THE SPEED OF A SIDE KICK IN KICKBOXING
Full text linkKickboxing is a combat sport where two types of fights occur: light-contact and full-contact. There is no limitation on the strength of kicks and punches in the latter type. In martial arts, athletes try to hit an opponent with as much speed and power as. The position of the upper body is indicated as the most important factor directly influencing the performance of the kicks. The aim of the research: to determine the effect of a change in the position of the upper body of a 14-16-year-old kickboxer on the time of execution of the side kick with the foot placed in front and the ground reaction force in the place, moving forward and in the counterattack, determining the time of the side kick and the ground reaction force of the take-off foot in three different upper body positions to give the execution time of each type of side kick and the ground reaction force of the take-off foot. The fastest side kick with the forward foot in place and moving forward will be in the upper body position 45° to the vertical axis, but performing side kick with the forward foot in counterattack and side kick moving forward from the position of the upper body 90˚ against the vertical axis was partially proved.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CONTROLLED RELAXATION SYSTEM FOR AUTISTIC CHILDREN – IT TECHNOLOGY THAT ADDRESSES SOCIAL ISSUES
Full text linkThe article presents the development and research of technological tools - a relaxation system for children with autism. The article describes the means and methods of emotional stabilization of children with autism spectrum disorders. The design, operation, and control of the relaxation system controlled by artificial intelligence with image processing and machine learning are described. The relaxation effect on children is carried out with audio-musical signals, by combining them with colored light and mechanical vibration of the back area. The practical research results are described, demonstrating the system\u27s effectiveness for children with autism spectrum disorders. Under normal conditions, if a child takes 3 to 4 hours to calm down, the relaxation system shortens this time to 10 to 15 minutes. Finally, the relaxation system controlled by artificial intelligence-based software, created by scientists from three Lithuanian universities and the students of Vilnius Kolegija, is presented as a technological tool designed to address social issues in society
NAVIGATING EVOLVING LANDSCAPES: A PRACTICAL ANALYSIS OF ACCOUNTANT’S PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE IN UPDATED TRENDS
Full text linkAs the accounting profession continues to evolve in response to technological advancements, regulatory changes, and shifting business landscapes, this article aims to explore the updated trends for accountant’s professional competence drawing parallels with practical considerations of experts within the field. Using a content analysis method, the study draws insights from a meticulously conducted questionnaire, providing a comprehensive overview of the accountant’s professional competence deemed crucial by accounting experts in navigating the dynamic challenges of today\u27s financial environment. The findings shed light on the practical implications of accountant’s professional competence, offering valuable insights for both aspiring and seasoned professionals seeking to stay abreast of the rapidly changing trends in the accounting domain
TESTING AND STRATEGIES OF THE ANATOMAGE TABLE USE IN TEACHING PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Full text linkAt the Department of Morphology, integrating the Anatomage Table (AT) into medical education is a supplementary resource to teach virtual Human Anatomy to medical students and their future professional and clinical careers. This study aimed to examine and test an AT in teaching a virtual Physical Anthropology course and assess the tutors’ beliefs and perceptions regarding using technology for teaching. Two tutors participated in the study from autumn 2022 until autumn 2023. Data were collected by tutors who followed specific methods to identify and measure anthropometrical points for evaluation. Tutors paid attention to the available virtual human body images for data collection, research, teaching and learning. Several anthropometrical measurements were performed and collected based on standard methods and positions in the table views. AT was mandatory to verify precise indicators’ location and confirm digital instruments for their detection over several human bodies. As part of this study, suggestions for the utilization of the AT to gather essential anthropometrical information have been prepared. Future studies can aim to generate unique methods and supplemental procedures for getting anthropometrical data in contact with AT and using this technology in teaching Physical Anthropology
WHAT DO NATIONAL TESTS SHOW ABOUT STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE AT THE END OF PRIMARY SCHOOL IN DIFFERENT MUNICIPALITIES?
Full text linkOne of the key principles of education policy is equal opportunities for children to access quality education. This principle applies not only to the allocation of resources but also to the equality of educational outcomes at both the individual and social group levels. This study analyses students’ (15–16 years old) performance in the national examinations (centralised examinations of school year 2022/2023) in Latvian, mathematics, and the first foreign language (English) at the end of compulsory education in the context of different municipalities. Students’ performance was analysed within 43 municipalities using classical test theory and test-response theory (Rasch model). In most municipalities, students’ performance on the national test in mathematics, Latvian language and the first foreign language (English) is in line with average performance. The results of the national examinations show a geographical correlation in the distribution of students’ performance between municipalities. High performance is mainly found in some municipalities of the Baltic Sea Region, and in mathematics, also in Riga. No geographical correlation was found in the municipalities with low performance in mathematics, while low performance in Latvian and English was found in several municipalities in the Latgale region. The comparison of the performance of educational institutions in the national examination shows that there are significant differences not only between municipalities but also between educational institutions within the same municipality. The analysis of the results indicates significant risks of unequal opportunities for access to quality education. This is particularly the case in the country\u27s largest cities: Riga, Daugavpils, and Jelgava.
PARTICIPATION OF ROMA PUPILS IN NON-FORMAL EDUCATION IN LITHUANIA
Full text linkWhile Lithuania has made significant progress in integrating Roma pupils into the education system, real changes are still insufficient and require attention to the participation of Roma pupils in non-formal education. The aim of this paper is to highlight the opportunities and limitations of Roma pupils\u27 participation in non-formal education. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect qualitative data. The participants in the study included 11 parents of Roma pupils, 8 school social pedagogues, and 3 workers from NGOs. Content analysis was conducted. Roma parents relate the benefits of non-formal education to children\u27s meaningful leisure time, the development of skills necessary for a successful future, and the improvement of health. Parents face problems related to the accessibility and financing of non-formal education for pupils with special needs. Social pedagogues observe the involvement of primary school Roma pupils in events, various sports, or art groups. However, teenagers tend not to participate in non-formal education at school. Teenagers engage in non-formal education outside of school when events or sports activities are financed by sponsors rather than the family budget. Recognition of the contribution of NGOs in supporting and involving Roma pupils in non-formal education is crucial. This support is not only important for the promotion of Roma identity but also for strengthening the motivation of teenagers to attend school classes
TRENDS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF RESEARCH-EXPERIMENTAL ACTIVITIES IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF UKRAINE IN TODAY’S CONDITIONS
Full text linkThe article characterizes the current state of implementation of children’s experimentation in preschool pedagogy of Ukraine. The results of a survey of pedagogues of preschool educational institutions regarding the peculiarities of the organization and implementation of the functions of research-experimental activities of preschoolers have been given. The authors carried out definitive analysis of the concepts of the research «children\u27s experimentation», «research-experimental activity». The content and features of the organization of research-experimental activities of preschool children have been clarified, taking into account the psychological-pedagogical publications of modern foreign and Ukrainian scientists and the available creative pedagogical experience. Examples of researches and experiments for preschool children have been offered. Materials and methods. Theoretical (analysis and synthesis of scientific sources, generalization and systematization) and empirical methods (survey) have been used in the process of research. The authors conducted a questionnaire in order to find out the state of the organization of children’s experimentation in preschool educational institutions. Results. As a result of the research, it is established that almost the third of the respondents are afraid to change the traditional system of preschool education, namely the transfer of «ready-made» knowledge to children, which becomes the main obstacle to the introduction of experimentation into educational practice. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of pedagogues’ surveys, the study of theoretical and practical experience, trends of implementation of children’s experimentation in preschool educational institutions in today’s conditions have been determined