International Journal of Advances in Medical Biotechnology (IJAMB)
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Surface-Modified Bacterial Cellulose with Mercaptosilane as a Multifunctional Platform
Get PDFCellulose synthesized by bacteria has unique properties such as high water retention capacity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and flexibility. Nevertheless, modification of this biomaterial is required in order to obtain multifunctional materials, which may be applied in several high-value added products, as catalytic and cell culture platforms. The surface of bacterial cellulose (BC) can be modified by several approaches, namely: (i) physical treatment by plasma, (ii) adsorption of molecules onto BC surface, and (iii) chemical modification. In this sense, the aim of this study was to modify the BC surface by silanization reaction at room temperature using a mixture of ethanol and water, using two different protocols. Thus, BC membranes synthesized by Komagataeibacter xylinus were modified by adding the thiol (SH) functional group with (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane under mild conditions. The produced materials were analyzed by elemental analysis, ATR-FTIR, TGA and SEM, and the successful modification was proven by elemental analysis and SEM.
Effect of crosslinker and nanostructure on adsorption and release of paraquat herbicide from different natural hydrogel nanocomposites
Get PDFHidrogéis compostos em polímeros naturais que tenham sido usados em diferentes setores devido a suas propriedades de biocompatibilidade, biodegradabilidade, custo relativamente baixo e atoxicidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi preparar hidrogéis de alginato / amido reticulados com diferentes ícones (Mn 2+ , Zn 2+ ou Ca 2+ ), incluir zeólito ou nanoclay, e avaliar o efeito do reticador e nanoestrutura na adsorção e comportamento de seleção do herbicida paraquat. Os hidrogéis e seus nanocompósitos foram preparados por imersão de soluções de alginato / amido, alginato / amido / nanoclay ou alginato / amido / zeólita em recipientes que recebem uma solução reticuladora (MnCl 2 , ZnCl 2ou CaCl 2 ) a 25 ° C. Todos os hidrogênios apresentaram boa capacidade de adsorção, principalmente os hidrogênios nanoestruturados com nanoclay e zeólito. Como recursos polares, selecione alta interação com moléculas de paraquat. O comportamento da liberação também foi muito interessante, sendo que a quantidade de solução de formação de nanocompósitos de hidrogel pode controlar a liberação de paraquat, que tipos de materiais podem ser usados como veículos de transporte no sistema de liberação controlada
Cell viability evaluation of vero cells viability cultured on different chitosan films: development of functional biodressings possibilities
Get PDFOs biomateriais utilizados na medicina regenerativa devem ter biocompatibilidade e ser atóxicos, pois são utilizados em contato com tecidos vivos para reparo ou reposição. Portanto, eles devem fornecer um microambiente adequado para ex vivocultura de células. A quitosana é um biomaterial muito utilizado em pesquisas de cultura de células por ser atóxico, biocompatível, biodegradável, apresentar alta hidrofilicidade e apresentar importantes características antibacterianas. Este trabalho estudou a interação de células VERO com filmes de quitosana produzidos com diferentes agentes de reticulação, avaliando a viabilidade e morfologia celular. Os ensaios foram seguidos durante 96 horas para análise da proliferação celular, viabilidade e morfologia. As células apresentaram desenvolvimentos distintos nos diferentes filmes, sendo o filme com ácido acético o menos adequado para cultivo apresentando viabilidade celular de 58%, por outro lado, filmes feitos a partir de soluções de quitosana com ácido lático ou cítrico tiveram viabilidade celular em torno de 70% . Portanto, filmes de quitosana podem ser explorados como biomateriais para a produção de biodressing
Biotechnology and Industry 4.0: The professionals of the future
Get PDFThe process of developing technological research is being carried out beyond organizational boundaries, especially organizations that make intensive use of knowledge, such as Biotechnology. Considerable progress has been made in recent years in reducing costs and increasing the ease of gene sequencing and, ultimately, in activating or editing genes. In this context, discussions have been gaining prominence around Industry 4.0, in which new business models and intelligent processes for Biotechnology are evidenced. However, the challenges regarding the training and education of professionals are discussed, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary education, unlike the more traditional nature of education in the areas of biology and sciences. These challenges can be partially transposed by strengthening the partnerships of universities and research centers with companies, in order to materialize in common projects, the demands of industries and the possibilities of transforming research projects into final products available to society. This paper presents a study on the impact of Industry 4.0 technologies on Biotechnology, and also presents the prospect of future professions with the influence of Industry 4.0. The results show that technologies such as artificial intelligence, robotics and 3D printing are promising in the development and advancement of Biotechnology. New automated laboratories are under development. Also, regulatory issues require a great deal of study, and business models will need to be more efficient to generate the results needed for the development of new drugs, food, and research of new products related to health
The Brazilian sectoral innovation system in the field of Tissue Engineering and Bioprinting: actors, challenges and perspectives
Get PDFThe objective of this work is to map the main actors within the Brazilian innovation system framework in the field of tissue engineering and bioprinting, and analyze the main conditioners related to entrepreneurship and innovation. While keeping as a backdrop, the history of 3D Biotechnology Solutions startup, its challenges and projects. Tissue engineering is a subcategory of regenerative medicine with the purpose of repairing or substituting, partially or completely, tissues or organs that have been affected by some disease or lesion. The conventional methods used for the production of these biomaterials via tissue engineering do not have the capacity to mimic the reality of native structures in the nano, micro and macro scales, while guaranteeing the reproducibility andscalability ofthematerials. Technologies such as 3D bioprinting or additive manufacturing could change the way that many diseases are treated in the medium term by replacing the damaged tissues with custom bio-similar constructs. Mapping and reflections based on the innovation systems framework contribute to organize stimulus policies, stimulate interaction between actors, identify gaps and technological demands and periodically organize the analysis and expansion of this system in Brazil
Bio-inks for 3D extrusion-based bio-printed scaffolds: Printability assessment
Get PDFThree-dimensional bioprinting is a new technology that should be integrated into several areas, including medical technology. However, before designing and applying it on a large scale, several biophysical parameters and particularly printability need to be established. In the present work, general characteristics of the extrusion method, bioinks, and scaffolds are reviewed. Printability analysis of 3D bioprinting is also included
Special Edition Submission: "3D printing for medicine: biomaterials, processes and techniques"
No full textI am very proud and honoured for the opportunity to organize this special edition named “3D Printing for Medicine: Biomaterials, Processes and Techniques” inside the International Journal of Advances in Medical Biotechnology (IJAMB), whose theme is a rapidly growing field in health deserving spotlight by its new scientific and technological developments oriented for society. In this IJAMB special edition readers will find a collection with 8 interesting papers visiting topics comprehending biofabrication of skin development by 3D bioprinters; cartilage types and most recent studies towards possibilities of tissue regeneration including bioprinting use; the development of smart biomaterials usable as inteligent gels for biomedical aspects; the electrospinning technique for building micro- and nanofibers in order to fabricate scaffolds for tissue engineering; bio-inks created for extrusion-based 3D printing of scaffolds for regenerative medicine; computational simulation of fluid flow and cells growth in scaffolds to be used as human auricular cartilage for microtia reppairing; the concept of robocasting, an additive manufacturing technique, to extrude colloidal systems to be used as bioceramic scaffolds in tissue engineering; and finally a very fresh survey concerning the current brazilian innovation system on tissue engineering and bioprinting and its perspectives taking into account entrepreneurship and innovative issues. I hope readers enjoy this selection of papers !
The Fourth Industrial Revolution and the disruptive technologies: implications in work relations
Get PDFThis research covers an analysis of the essential aspects involving the Fourth Industrial Revolution, disruptive technologies and their consequences on work relations. Using literature reviews, analysing cases of companies that failed and others that remodeled themselves to survive the yearnings of the technological age, it was possible to obtain important results. The research was conducted in three parts: 1. historical contextualization guiding the reader on the main aspects and peculiarities of the Fourth Industrial Revolution; 2. definition, application and some examples of disruptive technologies; 3. confirmation of the impact of these technologies on work relations. The methods used were: hermeneutics, privileging theoretical studies and analysis of documents and texts and the deductive method, starting from existing laws and theories for the development of a logical reasoning to explain the central problem. Negative impacts of mass unemployment due to the replacement of human labor by highly technological machines cannot be stimated. These machines are part of what has been called disruptive technology, i.e., a product or innovative servant destabilizes competition, overcoming it in such a way that it promotes the rupture of existing models, ruining them. Professionals will be called to fill new jobs, with skills and competencies for Industry 4.0, whose interaction between man and machine will be essential. Use of big data in quality control, robots, fully automated vehicles, 3D printers in production lines, among other activities are examples of work demands
State of the art in the use of bioceramics to elaborate 3D structures using robocasting
Get PDFRobocasting, também conhecido como Direct Ink Writing, é uma técnica de fabricação aditiva (AM), que inclui extração direta de sistemas coloidais, que consiste na exposição de camadas e um controlador controlado por computador de uma mídia altamente concentrada nesta extrusão. Este artigo apresenta uma visão geral das contribuições e desafios no desenvolvimento de biomateriais cerâmicos tridimensionais (3D) por esse método de impressão. O estado da arte em diferentes biocerâmicas como alumina, zircônia, fosfato de vidro, vidro / vitrocerâmica e compostos é avaliado e discutido em relação a suas aplicações e comportamento biológico, em uma pesquisa que produziu desde uma produção de próteses dentárias personalizadas a biofabricantes 3D humanos tecidos.Embora o robocasting represente uma interrupção na fabricação de estruturas porosas, como os andaimes para a Engenharia de Tecidos (TE), muitas vantagens ainda são necessárias, mas ainda são divulgadas, essa técnica já está usando a utilização de peças densas. Assim, são necessárias estratégias para a fabricação de biocerâmica densificada, com o objetivo de ampliar as possibilidades dessa técnica de AM. As vantagens e desvantagens e também perspectivas futuras da aplicação do robocasting no processamento biocerâmico também são exploradas
Approaches to the development of 3d bioprinted skin models: the case of natura cosmetics
Get PDFWe are close to achieving the production of a biomimetic functional skin and this advance is mainly due to the demand that is not limited to the field of regenerative medicine, the need for transplantation of this organ due to the aging of the population, but for ethical reasons related to the tests of safety and efficacy of new formulas in animal models by the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The limitations involved in traditional 2D cell culture approaches and manual techniques for biomimetic generation have driven the use of innovative technologies such as 3D bioprinting. One of the main advantages of the bioprinted skin is the authenticity, scalability and reproducibility of tissues compared to conventional constructs, via precise positioning of multiple cell types and the inclusion of appendages. The models of bioprinted skins will serve as a platform for the development of new formulations, molecule testing, disease simulation, as well as an alternative to chronic wound biocuratives and clinical transplants. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art approaches available for skin model bioprinting, discusses the context of the drug-cosmetic industry in the adoption of these models and presents the characteristics of the project under development at Natura Cosmetics