Novus - Online tidsskrifter (Novus forlag)
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Primitivitetens forvandlinger
Get PDFFrom Hobbes and Descartes to Habermas and Derrida, primitive man has been present in European reflection on sociality, political legitimacy, human nature and language. The paper gives an overview of shifting notions of primitivity since the discovery of âThe New Worldâ and shows how native Americans played a role in the scientific revolution and the demise of the great chain of being, helped bring about a revision of natural law and inspired early forms of constructivism. The paper follows the original dichotomies that defined primitivity to see how they multiplied through the centuries and were transformed into the dominant conceptual pairs of the industrial revolution (organic/mechanic, authentic/alienated, use value/exchange value). It is held that the tropes of primitivity persist in contemporary anthropology despite efforts to eradicate them. Efforts to subjectify and de-objectify the non-European are attributed to decolonization, which may continue to redress the conceptual asymmetries that still inform anthropological and historical discourse
Ellen Krefting, Aina Nøding og Mona Ringvej 2014. En pokkers skrivesyge. 1700-tallets dansk-norske tidsskrifter mellom sensur og ytringsfrihet.
Get PDFBoken om «skrivesyken» - et Holberg-uttrykk - er et av resultatene fra de tre forfatternes felles, treårige forskningsprosjekt Mangfoldige offentligheter, der 1700-tallets rike flora av tidsskrifter for første gang er blitt gjort til gjenstand for omfattende og systematiske undersøkelser. I noe varierende grad har disse tidsskriftene tidligere vært brukt som historisk kildemateriale. Av denne grunn er enkelte godt kjent og har vært regnet som viktige, som for eksempel Sneedorffs Patriotiske Tilskuer eller Topographisk Journal for Norge, gitt ut av Topographisk Selskab
Fremmedgjøring og vemmelse
Get PDFThis article deals with how experiences with social mobility are mediated in different contexts. The author looks on the one hand at social mobility in a 19th century public enlightenment context, and on the other hand at social mobility in a 20th century left-wing radical context. âââThrough the concept of class journeys (âklassereiserâ), the focus is upon mobility in different directions, both upwards and downwards. The article argues that across these different contexts and across the direction of social mobility, there are substantial similarities in the way this mobility is described from a first-person angle. The article stresses that fictional literature and personal essays are potential sources for a qualitative view on social mobility
Att leva upp til förväntningarna - ålderns signifikans för politiskt engagerade unga
Get PDFYoung people are constantly confronted with pictures and ideas of what it means to be young. Some of these ideas concern political interest and involvement. The prevailing view, which is evident in research and media, is that young people in general are not interested in politics. But those who are politically engaged are portrayed as radical in their views, and as more prone to using radical methods than grown-ups. This view is connected to the negative picture of the âyoung activistâ, which is related to the historically based idea of young people as a potential threat to the established society. Furthermore, there exists an image that young people are only interested in politics when it is considered trendy. In this article, the author addresses how some of the young people in Attac and the Social Forum movement have experienced the expectations such ideas give rise to, and how their political engagement is formed in interaction with such ideals
Natureâs Bible: Insects in Seventeenth-Century European Art and Science
No full textArtists and naturalists in seventeenth-century Europe avidly pursued the study of insects. Since entomology had not yet become a distinct discipline, these studies were pursued within the framework of natural history, miniature painting, medicine, and anatomy. In the late sixteenth century the Renaissance naturalist Ulisse Aldrovandi collected and described individual insects and their lore but showed little sustained interest in their temporal transmutations; meanwhile, the court artist Joris Hoefnagel studied the structure of insects in order to paint real and imaginary insects while giving them an emblematic interpretation. By the middle of the seventeenth century the painter Johannes Goedaert was assiduously studying insect transformations, which he saw as evidence of Godâs wondrous works. His work was critiqued and systematized by the physicians Martin Lister and Jan Swammerdam, who insisted that orderly transformation was the best sign of Godâs handiwork. These examples show how verbal descriptions and illustrations of insects easily crossed disciplinary boundaries; knowledge generated in one particular context moved into others where it was critiqued but also employed in new investigation
Etnisitetens estetikk. Visuelle fortellinger og forhandlinger i samiske musemsutstillinger
Get PDFI avhandlingen Etnisitetens estetikk. Visuelle fortellinger og forhandlinger i samiske museumsutstillinger undersøker jeg hvordan samisk kultur, historie og identitet fremstilles i museumsutstillinger i Norge og Sverige. Dette doktorgradsprosjektet er en del av forskningsprosjektet Patterns of Cultural Valuation. Priorities and aesthetics in exhibitions of identity in museums (PaCuVal), finansiert av Norges forskningsråd. PaCuVal har hatt som målsetting å undersøke hvordan ulike etniske grupper og minoriteter har blitt fremstilt på kulturhistoriske museer i Norge i løpet av de siste 150 årene. Prosjektet  ble ledet av Saphinaz-Amal Naguib
Klippe, klipp, klippe
Get PDFIt is a widespread conception that we are heading towards a society in which men and women share work and responsibilities more equally. Such notions of change that point in one direction, can obstruct seeing what is really happening. This article is based on questionnaire material. Studies were carried out to  answer the question: Are there areas within household work where gender work sharing is increasing? The answer to this is yes. In this material, men have been more active in purchasing and manufacturing clothes and textiles, and in different kinds of household work in areas defined as âoutsideâ in the period before 1950. The discourse in the article concerns why this can be difficult to see, and why the material offers a less comprehensive answer to the question than desirable
Diskursanalyse og spørsmålet om historisk endring
Get PDFIs discourse analysis only capable of understanding a history which stands still, which, in other words, appears as âfrozenâ? Does the set of theories and methods usually referred to as âdiscourse analysisâ, so instrumental in the rise of the new cultural studies at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries, lead to what Heidegger has called eine Stillegung der Geschichte ? By means of re-reading some of the founding texts of discourse analysis in the structuralist/post-structuralist tradition, Saussureâs Cours and Foucaultâs Lâarchéologie du savoir, this article investigates both how the concept of langue tends to turn history into a synchronic and fixed network and at the same time how â in response to this problem â both authors in question envision the possibility of an alternative model for understanding the relationship between language and history, which is able to combine the systemic and the processual, the structural and the dynamic, the synchronic and the diachronic. The rudiments of this alternative model can be traced in the concepts and metaphors referring to discourse as something with a âthicknessâ, something multi-layered, in which there are different temporalities at work. These different temporalities, these âlayers of timeâ, according to a term by Koselleck, can never be reduced to the synchronicity of a system or â for that matter â of a rupture. They unfold their own temporal structures, which have to be analyzed separately
Jeff Werner 2008. Medelvägens estetik. Sverigebilder i USA
Get PDFFor noen år siden hadde min eldste datter sommerjobb som omviser i Gamle Bergen â et bymuseum som framviser et utsnitt av lokal trearkitektur og tilhørende interiører fra slutten av 1700-tallet og fram til omkring 1930-tallet. Museet har årlig et jevnt tilsig av turister av ulike nasjonaliteter, deriblant mange amerikanere. Og det er som regel dem som står for de mest naive turistblødmene. Fjorårets mest oppsiktsvekkende kom fra en ung amerikaner som etter å ha vandret gjennom de nevnte severdigheter, presterte å stille guiden følgende spørsmål: âBut where do you keep your vikings? Are they in a reservation?
Kirkens disiplin â straff eller forsoning?
Get PDFThis article outlines the public confession as a ritual, its history and religious content, and the way in which it was practised in the reformed church of Denmark-Norway in the 17th and 18th century. The main purpose is to discuss the significance of this ritual in producing and reproducing representations of female sexuality. Originally, a variety of sins required public confessions for sinners to be reconciled with God and the congregation, However, at the beginning of the 17th century, it was specifically stated by law that couples who were guilty of having a child out of wedlock were to confess publicly in church as part of their punishment. By the end of the 17th century, the confession ritual was almost exclusively confined to the punishment of unmarried mothers; a punishment that in the 18th century and later has been seen as humiliating and degrading. The article questions this one-sided understanding, and it is being argued that the ambivalent character of the confession as both reconciliation and punishment made it possible for unmarried mothers to make their own interpretations of themselves and their actions. On the one hand, the ritual words and actions singled them out and emphasised their easy virtue, but one the other they were also given the power publicly to name the father of the child. This ambivalence can be seen as an interaction between contradictory normative attitudes and subjective understandings, implying that different understandings of femininity struggled against each other, and were formed and transformed in this ritual