International Journal of Agricultural and Life sciences (Skyfox Publishing Group)
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Kinetic study of surfactant cobalt (III) complexes by [Fe(CN)6 4-]: Outer-Sphere Electron-Transfer in Ionic liquids and Liposome Vesicle
Full text linkUV-Vis., absorption spectroscopy are used to monitor the electron transfer reaction between the surfactant cobalt(III) complexes, cis-[Co(ip)2(C14H29NH2)2]3+, cis-[Co(dpq)2(C14H29NH2)2]3+ and cis-[Co(dpqc)2(C14H29NH2)2]3+ (ip = imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, dpq = dipyrido[3,2-d:2’-3’-f]quinoxaline, dpqc = dipyrido[3,2-a:2’,4’-c](6,7,8,9-tetrahydro)phenazine, C14H29NH2=Tetradecylamine) and [Fe(CN)6]4- ion in liposome vesicles (DPPC) and ionic liquids ((BMIM)Br) were investigated at different temperatures under pseudo first order conditions using an excess of the reductant. The reactions were found to be second order and the electron transfer is postulated as outer-sphere. The rate constant for the electron transfer reactions were found to increase with increasing concentrations of ionic liquids. The effects of hydrophobicity of the long aliphatic double chains of these surfactant complex ions into liposome vesicles on these reactions have also been studied. Below the phase transition temperature of DPPC, the rate decreased with increasing concentration of DPPC, while above the phase transition temperature the rate increased with increasing concentration of DPPC. Kinetic data and activation parameters are interpreted in terms of an outer-sphere electron transfer mechanism. In all these media the DS# values are found to be negative in direction in all the concentrations of complexes used indicative of more ordered structure of the transition state. This is consistent with a model in which the surfactant cobalt(III) complexes and Fe(CN)64- ions bind to the DPPC in the transition state. Thus, the results have been explained based on the self-aggregation, hydrophobic effect, and the reactants with opposite charge
Determining the Performance of Some Soybean Genotypes in Middle Black Sea Transitional Zone
Full text linkThis research was carried out in 2017 and 2018 to determine the agronomic and chemical quality characteristics of 18 soybean genotypes including seven advanced lines and eleven cultivars under Tokat-Kazova conditions. The feasibility of soybean production in the region has been determined to create a database that may contribute to the oilseed deficit in the future. The phenological (germination, first flowering and physiological maturity) and morphological characteristics (plant height, number of side branches, first pod height, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, oil ratio, oil yield, protein ratio and yield) were examined in the study. All properties except number of grains per pod were significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) different between genotypes. The seed yield varied between 1.82 and 3.00 t ha-1, oil ratio was between 19.73 and 25.20% and protein ratio was between 30.39 and 43.44%. The results of the study revealed that genotypes of 1, 2, 3 and 9 for the seed yield, 1, 7 and 8 for the oil yield and 1, 2 and 9 for the protein yield can be promising under Tokat-Kazova conditions. However, more efficient cultivars are needed due to the insufficient performances of the genotypes investigated
Surfactant Complex Binding to DNA Interaction Study: Controlling Hydrophobicity in β-Cyclodextrin–DNA Binding Reactions
Full text linkThe interaction of cis-[Co(phen)2(TA)2](ClO4)3, a cationic surfactant complex (phen = 1-10 phenanthroline, TA= Tetradecylamine), with calf thymus DNA has been studied by physici-chemical techniques. The spectroscopic studies together with cyclic voltammetry and viscosity experiments support that the surfactant-cobalt(III) complex binds to calf thymus DNA (CT DNA) by intercalation through the aliphatic chain present in the complex into the base pairs of DNA. The presence of phenanthroline ligand with larger p-frame work may also enhance intercalation. Besides the effect of binding of surfactant cobalt(III) complex to DNA in presence of b-cyclodextrin has also studied. In presence of b-cyclodextrin the binding occur through surface and (or) groove binding. The complex was investigated as one of the potential selective anticancer prodrugs. The complex was tested in vitro on human monolayer tumour cell lines: HepG2 (Human hepatocellular liver carcinoma) also
Modeling of the Effects of Nitrogen Doses on Agronomic Characteristics and Leaf Area of Hypericum pruinatum L.
Full text linkThe effects of nitrogen treatments on leaf area and some agronomical characteristics of Hypericum pruinatum L. under greenhouse conditions were investigated in this research. The randomized block design with three replications was used as statistical analysis. According to the results, fresh and dry yields, plant height, flowering shoot number per plant increased significantly with elevating nitrogen doses. The prediction model was formulized as DP = a + (b x D). Where DP is dependent parameter (leaf width, leaf length, plant length, number of shoot, dry yield, and fresh yield) and D is nitrogen dose. According to prediction model, the leaf area model was found as LA= a + (b x W) + (c x L) where LA is leaf area, W is leaf width, L is leaf length and a, b, and c are coefficients. According to model equations the highest R² values was 99.6% in fresh yield and the lowest R² value was 86.8% in leaf length and they were found significant at the P<0.001 level
Effects of Some Plant Nutrients Applied to Seedbed Compost On Seedling Quality
Full text linkThis study was carried out to determine the effects of some plant nutrients applied to seedbed compost on seedling quality in 2019 in the seedbed of Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, in Turkey. In the trial Izmir-Ozbas tobacco variety was used and experimental design was Randomized Complete Parcel Design with three replications. In the study, lenght of the seedling (cm), number of the leaf (per/plant), stem diameter (mm), healthy seedlings per square (pcs/m2), lenght of the root (cm), fresh stem and root weight (g/plant), dry stem and root weight (g/plant) were evaluated. According to the results, the longest lenght of seedling and stem diameter was found in K2 doses (potassium doses: 400 g/parcel) as 20.5 cm and 4.1 mm, respectively. Besides, number of the leaf, healthy seedling per square and lenght of the root were 7.8-8.4 per/plant, 2.1-3.3 pcs/m2, 2.6-2.8 cm, respectively. Considering the results, as the amount of potassium applied increased, the amount of length of the seedling, stem diameter and length of the root increased as well
Anti-Inflammatory and antioxidant efficacy of Herbal Mixture on Anti-Inflammatory Paracetamol Induced hepatotoxicity
Full text linkThe present study was carried out to investigate hepatoprotective effects of herbal mixture in female albino rats, in the paracetamol (PCM) induced hepatotoxicity model. Treatment of rats with herbal mixture at dose of (2g /kg for 4 weeks) significantly prevented the serum biomarker enzymes (AST and ALT). Herbal mixture further reduced PCM induced oxidative stress and inflammation in the rat liver by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and restoring the levels of antioxidant enzymes (PCO, LPO, MPO SOD, CAT, GSH, and HO-1). Our results indicate that herbal mixture can prevent hepatic injury with PCM induced hepatotoxicity by eliciting therapeutic protection against free radical stress and inflammation
Immunotoxicity screening and immunomodulatory effects of 1-(4-hydroxytridecyloxy) pentadecan-4-ol isolated from Boerhavia erecta L., Nyctaginaceae, in BALB/c mice
Full text linkThe aim of the present study was to screen immunotoxicity and assess in vivo immunomodulatory activity of an active fraction of Boerhavia erecta (BE) having 1-(4-hydroxytrdecyloxy) pentadecan-4-ol. A total of 60 female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six experimental groups (n = 10), Group 1 (vehicle control), Group 2 (250 mg/kg), Group 3 (500 mg/kg), Group 4 (1000 mg/kg), Group 5 (vehicle recovery) and Group 6 (high dose recovery). Clinical laboratory investigations (hematology, biochemistry), immunoglobulins (IgA, IgE & IgG), histopathology, gross pathology, necropsy were performed on day 28 for the first 4 groups and on day 56 n recovery groups (5 and 6). For immunomodulatory studies, plaque forming cell response to check humoral immunity and Sheep Red Blood Corpuscles (SRBC) to cellular immunity was evaluated. immunotoxicity study results were normal with no statistically or clinically significant abnormal changes between the tested and recovery groups. BE extract with active fraction of the isolated compound does not have immunotoxicity effects but exhibited immunosuppression specific to cell-mediated immunity in female BALB/c mice
Improved Xylanase Production by Mutated Fungal Strains Enhanced by Soc (Sesame Oil Cake)
Full text linkThe influence of oil wastes for microbial xylanase production can use sesame oil cake (SOC) as substrate by the filamentous fungi Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum. The wild and mutated strains of these organisms are grown in Mandel’s medium with modified trace elements at ambient temperature with pH 6.0 for 6 days. Finally, the mutated strains of both the species produced xylanase in a higher amount. The maximum yield of Xylanase was from the UV mutated Aspergillus niger strain. The average production of Xylanase from this species is 0.0415IU/ml. Moreover, the Xylanase is found to be cellulase free on this substrate (SOC)
Optimization of Ready-to-Drink Beverage and Ready-to-Reconstitute Mix of Ginger Based Appetizer
Full text linkGinger is well known for its medical property and curd is consumed for its probiotics properties. Using these two ingredients an appetizer drink has been developed and this product is optimized using Response Surface Methodology. It provides 77 kCal per serving of 100ml when the appetizer mixes with cold water. For making dry appetizer fresh curd is replaced by curd powder. The product usually has a shelf life of 6 months in ambient condition. Using the Response surface methodology optimization of this appetizer shows a maximum acidity score of 2.38 % for ginger powder (2g-4g), asafoetida powder (200g -500g), salt (1g-2g) using RSM (Box- benhken method). In a similar study, the acceptability score of the drink is 7.0 to 7.8 using Overall acceptability score
Prevalence of Green Tobacco Sickness in Tobacco Production Areas in the Black Sea Region
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to examine the presence of green tobacco sickness in tobacco producers living in the Black Sea Region and their level of knowledge of green tobacco sickness. Simple random sampling was employed, and the results of the surveys that had been conducted face-to-face with tobacco producers were gathered and analyzed. As a result, green tobacco sickness was not encountered among tobacco producers living in the Black Sea Region, and it was understood that they did not have knowledge of the sickness. The main reasons why there is no evidence of the sickness are growing tobacco with low nicotine content and common usage of protective equipment during and after harvest. In order to overcome lack of information, occupational health and safety training should be provided. In addition, it is required to make agricultural mechanization widespread in tobacco growing. Thus, precautions shall have been taken against probable occurrence of the sickness. Making this study in other tobacco production regions of Turkey would be beneficial