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The effects of leadership styles, accreditations and motivation on higher education performance: the mediating role of quality culture
Get PDFIn Pakistan, the establishment of new universities has been on the rise for the past two decades. However, their performance has concurrently declined or remained stagnant, as evident in global rankings due to various factors. This study aims to investigate the effects of leadership styles, accreditation, and motivation on higher education performance, with quality culture acting as a mediator. Utilising the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory and a quantitative survey methodology, this study thoroughly examines public and private universities in Pakistan. In this research, the unit of analysis is the institutions, with university administrators as the respondents. Data collection involves stratified random sampling, resulting in a robust sample of 105 participants with a 70% response rate. The study reveals that accreditation, motivation, and quality culture are directly linked to higher education performance. However, no empirical evidence supports the relationship between leadership styles and higher education performance. Additionally, the research establishes that quality culture mediates the link between leadership styles, accreditation, motivation, and higher education performance in Pakistani universities. The study's limitations are the sole reliance on administrative managers' perspectives in Pakistani universities and a relatively small sample size. By integrating crucial resources, such as emphasising the strategic importance of accreditation, introducing the notion of quality culture as a mediator, and acknowledging the vital role of faculty motivation in enhancing human capital, this study strengthens the RBV theory within higher education to elevate the performance of universities. Also, this research has practical implications for various stakeholders, like policymakers, university administrators, and quality managers, by underscoring the pivotal roles of leadership styles, accreditation, and motivation in fostering quality culture and enhancing institutional performance
Evaluating the ecotourism sustainability of Langkawi Island, Malaysia : A community -resource administrator perspective
No full textEcotourism is a rapidly growing and sustainable form of tourism that offers social, environmental, and economic benefits. However, to ensure ecotourism sustainability, it is necessary to evaluate and address potential issues such as environmental degradation, cultural impact, and economic disparities. This study aims to fill a gap In the literature by examining the perspectives of local and foreign residents in Langkawi Island, Malaysia, regarding the sustainability of ecotourism. By Considering the viewpoints of resource administrators, local residents, and foreign residents as key stakeholders, the study employs a stakeholder relationshipsustainability framework to assess the environmental, economic, and socio-cultural dimensions of ecotourism. Overall, Langkawi Island has the potential for ecotourism sustainability. This research found that socio-cultural sustainability is relatively strong, while economic sustainability is less favourable. Environmental sustainability falls within the potentially sustainable range. The study further analysed the sustainability levels within each stakeholder relationship. The effect of local residents on resource administrators achieved the highest sustainability level, followed by the effect of foreign residents on resource administrators. The effect of resource administrators on local residents and foreign residents showed varying levels of sustainability. These results highlight the importance of stakeholder interactions and Its influence on ecotourism sustainability. The study's theoretical implications contribute to the narratives of ecotourism on the application of sustainability frameworks, stakeholder interactions, dimensions of sustainability, and the importance of involving local and foreign residents for achieving sustainability goals. The study enhances understanding of the factors influencing sustainability and provides insights for policymakers, administrators, and stakeholders involved in sustainable ecotourism practices. By fostering collaboration and minimizing negative impacts, these insights contribute to overall sustainable ecotourism development in Langkawi Island
Deep learning framework for hierarchical-based object identification and description
Get PDFHumans have the capability to quickly classify, identify, and describe objects in the surrounding environment. The Deep learning (DL) and Computer Vision (CV) approaches allow computers to gain high-level understanding from images or videos. Although DL-based CV approaches have achieved various successes in object recognition and identification, these approaches cannot adapt like humans. Existing approaches exhibit setbacks due to their inability to identify objects that are beyond training samples when deployed in real-world applications. Hence, DL approaches lack of global generalization, hierarchical learning, and correlation learning. In addition, DL-based CV approaches only depend on extracting high-level features which are not semantic to recognize parts or subsets of an object. In this study, a new DL framework called Human Identification and Description Framework (HIDF) is developed. The HIDF aims to overcome global generalization, hierarchical and correlation learning limitations by describing an object when it cannot be initially identified. The HIDF components include five phases: 1) a feature extraction network which extracts suitable feature levels for object identification and classification tasks, 2) identification network which specifies the identity of the object, 3) a multi-output classification network for hierarchical-based object classification, 4) object description algorithm which generates sentences describing object characteristics, and 5) shunt connections which regulate prediction direction of HIDF according to the desired task (identification or classification). HIDF achieved 99.27% identification accuracy and 98.61% classification accuracy on benchmark datasets for human identification and human head attribute classification. The framework performance was compared with other state-of-the-art networks based on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score measures. The experimental results have shown that HIDF is able to overcome global generalization, hierarchical learning and correlation learning limitations by tracing the hierarchy and correlation of the object. Therefore, HIDF can be employed in CV applications, including but not limited to visually impaired aids, and robot guidance
Factors influencing intention of buying organic food products among generation Z in Malaysia
No full textThe present study attempts to investigate the motives of Generation Z to buy organic food products in a developing nation (Malaysia). Four key motives the factor of environment concern, health consciousness, food safety, and perceived value are examined in this study. Consumers’ purchase behavior is represented by their intention to buy organic food products. A convenience sample of 200 Peninsular Malaysian generation Z consumers completed the self-administered surveys that were distributed using Google Form. Five hypotheses were tested, the theory of planned behaviour serves 45as the theoretical framework for this investigation was used to examine the results. The findings reported that the factor of environment concern, health consciousness, food safety, and perceived value have supported with intention to buy organic food products. Strategies to improve the price, environmental friendliness, quality, and long-term health advantages of organic food should be implemented considering the findings
Trend dan pola pengundi belia : Kajian di Daerah Mengundi (DM) Paya Kemunting, Jitra, Kedah, menjelang PRU 15
No full textThis study was conducted to assess the trends and patterns of youth voters in the Voting District (DM) of Paya Kemunting, Jitra, Kedah ahead of GE 15 in order to get a true understanding of the sentiments of young voters and evaluate the factors that cause differences in youth support in a semi-urban area. DM Paya Kemunting, Jitra, has a diverse population composition consisting of Malays, Indians, Chinese and Siamese Bumiputra. Therefore, it is very important to assess the reasons for the shift in voter support in the N.06 Jitra during GE 14 to PH/PPBM with a significant majority compared to maintaining the strong BN/UMNO stronghold in GE 12 and 13. The objective of this study is to assess the current level of satisfaction of young voters with the political climate of the country, which influences political socialization leading up to GE 15. The study also evaluates the preferences of young voters for political parties or candidates representing them in terms of politics, economics, social aspects, and others for their future. In this study, qualitative interview techniques were conducted with 10 respondents, obtaining perspectives from 5 community leaders and stakeholders in N.06 Jitra, alongside the collection of primary and secondary data. The findings of this study indicate that there is a variation in the views of young people towards the country's political system and they are increasingly willing to change if their desires and aspirations are not fulfilled. This study, aligned with rational choice theory, found that respondents respond to benefits and outcomes, considering offers and assessing whether these offers can benefit their future. The conclusion of this study proves the tendency to choose candidates and parties based on current issues, their trust in social media/the internet and the desire for leaders who are clean and capable of governing the country. The implications of this study are that voters, regardless of age or ethnicity, need to be empowered with knowledge, instilled with competitive, social, religious values to obtain benefits and good outcomes towards the enhancement of excellent human capital
Analisa trend kemalangan di tempat kerja dalam kalangan pekerja utiliti elektrik di Negeri Melaka
No full textSebagai sebuah negara membangun, Malaysia mengiktiraf kepentingan industry pembinaan sebagai sektor yang penting dan produktif untuk ekonominya. Walaupun industri utiliti telah mengalami pengembangan, ia masih dianggap sebagai persekitaran kerja yang berbahaya kerana kadar kemalangan dan kematian yang meningkat secara konsisten setiap tahun. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan punca kejadian dalam industri utiliti. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, memfokuskan kepada kaedah Ishikawa 5M+1E. Kaedah ini menekankan pelbagai komponen: manusia, pengurusan, kaedah, mesin, bahan, dan persekitaran. Laporan insiden dari 2018 hingga 2023, yang diperoleh daripada sebuah syarikat utiliti di Melaka, menjadi asas untuk kajian ini. 21 satu laporan insiden telah dikumpulkan dan dianalisis untuk menentukan aktiviti dan masa tertentu kejadian, kategori berdasarkan keparahan kecederaan atau kerosakan, jenis kejadian berdasarkan sama ada perbuatan tidak selamat atau keadaan tidak selamat menyebabkannya, dan punca punca. Kejadian itu. Analisis ini dijalankan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman kita tentang topik kajian. Menurut penemuan, faktor manusia adalah elemen yang paling penting, dan teknik dan faktor persekitaran adalah sama penting. Bagaimanapun, menurut data yang dikumpul, faktor mesin dan bahan mempunyai tahap keertian yang agak rendah. Kajian ini sangat bergantung pada maklumat daripada laporan, dengan elemen tertentu lebih penting daripada yang lain. Kajian ini hanya tertumpu kepada sebuah syarikat utiliti di Melaka. Oleh itu, adalah penting untuk menjalankan penyelidikan tambahan pada skala yang lebih besar dan mengumpul data dari seluruh Malaysia untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif tentang situasi semasa dan faktor asas yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan perniagaan di Malaysia
Factors Influencing Employee Engagement At Top Glove Sdn Bhd
No full textThe objectives of this research was to examine the relationship between well-being, training and career development, work culture and compensation & benefits towards employee engagement at Top Glove Sdn Bhd. Social Exchange Theory (SET) was used
in this study to utilized in developing the research framework. Sampling about 108 of respondents were participated in this study and data were collected through questionnaire. The four hypotheses were tested by four analysis using SPSS 2.0. The
findings indicated that well-being, training and career development, work culture and compensation & benefits were significantly related to employee engagement. The findings of this research will be very helpful for Top Glove Sdn Bhd, Human Resource Management, Researchers, Policy Makers and Students. Theoretical and practical implications of the study as well as suggestions for future research were discussed
The influence of corporate governance mechanisms on integrated reporting quality in Malaysia
No full textIntegrated reporting (IR) has increased as a new approach combining financial and non-financial information to enable shareholders and other stakeholders to determine how a business creates value. This research investigates the association between corporate governance mechanisms (board of directors, audit committee, separate risk management, and ownership structure) and integrated reporting quality (IRQ). The study’s sample comprised 173 integrated reports of 64 Malaysian companies from year 2017 to 2020. A content analysis approach was used to determine the integrated reporting quality level, and Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSEs) were employed for hypothesis testing. Empirical results show that integrated reporting in Malaysia is moderately high based on average, and Malaysian companies are improving their integrated reporting quality. The results also indicate that board size and meetings were positively and significantly associated with IRQ. Conversely, board expertise and gender are not significantly associated with IRQ. Moreover, the board independence was negative and not significantly associated with IRQ. Furthermore, audit committee size, independence, and audit chair expertise significantly and positively influence the IRQ. In contrast, the results showed that the risk management committee is negative and insignificant with IRQ. Moreover, the audit committee’s expertise was negative but significant. Regarding audit committee meetings, it is found to be negative but not significantly associated with IRQ. Finally, the study revealed that family ownership concentration was negative but significantly associated with IRQ. Regarding foreign ownership concentration, the results of the current study showed that there is significant but not positive. Government ownership was strongly positive and significant with IRQ. This study serves as an essential reference for regulatory bodies, policymakers, and standard setters, offering insights into enhancing the quality of integrated reporting and understanding the impact of corporate governance characteristics on the integrated reporting quality of companies
Lexico-semantic variations in a Pakistani English Newspaper Corpus
Get PDFPakistani English is recognized as a distinct linguistic variant, yet it remains comparatively understudied in relation to other English variations. This study delves into the linguistic variations evident in Pakistani English as manifested in newspaper discourse, with a specific emphasis on the impact of cultural and social norms. The investigation explores the incorporation of indigenous and innovative forms of New English, tailored to facilitate everyday tasks and capture attention. The theoretical framework, situated within the socio-cultural context of Pakistan, draws on, Schneider Dynamic Model, Moag's model of New Englishes and Kachru's Model of Nativisation and Acculturation, particularly in reference to the Kachru’s Outer Circle Model and its role in institutionalizing Second Varieties of English. The examination of lexical items reveals that Pakistani English draws from its source, Standard British English, exemplified by terms such as "Shadi hall" and "Jihadi outfits." These lexical categories manifest in coinages, borrowings, idiomatic collocations, and semantic shifts. The study compiles a purposive corpus of 6 million words from the websites of three major Pakistani English Newspapers, namely, DAWN, The Nation, and The News. Utilizing the corpus software tool Antconc 3.5.8w, the analysis identifies key terms and discerns the nuances of linguistic stances. The study's findings underscore the emergence of a New English variety within Pakistani English Newspapers, featuring adapted lexemes contextualized within the local sociolinguistic milieu. A significant revelation is the infusion of Islamic, historical, and social cultural elements into New English lexemes, showcasing a blending of Arabic, Urdu, Punjabi, and English vocabulary. The lexico-semantic variations presented in the study are deemed suitable for the linguistic and cultural landscape of Pakistan, warranting inclusion in Pakistani English books and dictionaries. Moreover, the study contributes to the expansion of societal educational and communicational practices while upholding endonormative standard
Undang-undang dan penguatkuasaan penaziran bagi mengekang penyalahgunaan dana pendidikan di Sekolah Tahfiz Swasta di Malaysia
Get PDFPenubuhan sekolah-sekolah agama Islam yang menawarkan pendidikan tahfiz semakin berkembang pesat di Malaysia. Dalam pada itu, wujud pelbagai isu serius melibatkan sekolah tahfiz swasta (STS) yang menjadi tajuk perbincangan di peringkat nasional seperti isu penyalahgunaan dana pendidikan dan tadbir urus STS yang lemah. Dari aspek undang-undang dan penguatkuasaan pula, ketidakseragaman undang-undang pengawalan sekolah-sekolah agama Islam mengikut negeri masing-masing dan pelaksanaan penguatkuasaan penaziran yang lemah menghendaki suatu kajian dijalankan untuk menambah baik undang-undang dan penguatkuasaan penaziran sedia ada. Kajian ini mengandungi tiga objektif. Pertama, mengkaji undang-undang sedia ada di Malaysia berkaitan penaziran sekolah agama Islam bagi mengekang penyalahgunaan dana pendidikan di STS. Kedua, mengkaji pelaksanaan penguatkuasaan penaziran dalam mengekang penyalahgunaan dana pendidikan di STS. Ketiga, mencadangkan penambahbaikan yang boleh dilaksanakan terhadap undang-undang dan penguatkuasaan penaziran sedia ada bagi mengekang penyalahgunaan dana pendidikan di STS. Kajian ini adalah kajian kualitatif yang menggunakan kaedah sosio-perundangan. Dua orang pegawai daripada Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia, seorang pegawai daripada Bahagian Penguatkuasaan Jabatan Agama Islam Selangor, dua orang pegawai daripada Sektor Naziran Bahagian Pendidikan Islam Jabatan Agama Islam Selangor dan seorang Pegawai Syariah daripada Pejabat Penasihat Undang-undang Negeri Selangor telah ditemubual. Kajian ilmiah melalui jurnal dan bahan undang-undang turut diteliti. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa sembilan buah negeri masing-masing mempunyai Enakmen Pengawalan Sekolah-sekolah Agama Islam, manakala dua buah negeri iaitu Pahang dan Terengganu mempunyai undang-undang subsidiari dalam bentuk Kaedah-kaedah. Selebihnya, dua buah negeri iaitu Kelantan dan Sarawak serta Wilayah-wilayah Persekutuan masih belum mempunyai undang-undang khusus berkenaan pengawalan sekolah-sekolah agama Islam. Antara masalah yang menjejaskan keberkesanan penguatkuasaan penaziran adalah seperti masih banyak STS yang tidak berdaftar dengan Jabatan Agama Islam Negeri, kekurangan nazir sekolah Islam, lokasi STS yang jauh di pedalaman, ketidakpastian nazir sekolah Islam terhadap had kuasa mereka dalam menjalankan tugas, serta kebimbangan nazir sekolah Islam terhadap sensitivity masyarakat berhubung arahan penutupan STS. Oleh itu, terdapat keperluan untuk meminda beberapa peruntukan undang-undang pengawalan sekolah-sekolah agama Islam sedia ada. Selain itu, kajian ini turut mencadangkan kaedah pengkompaunan kesalahan (compounding offence) sebagai salah satu instrumen penguatkuasaan. Hasil kajian ini diharapkan berguna kepada semua Jabatan Agama Islam Negeri, pemegang taruh, pembuat dasar dan juga masyaraka