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The influence of underwriting risks, internal factors and economic factors on the performance operators
No full textSince its establishment in 1979, Takaful industry hold a promising growth especially in Muslim dominated regions. One of them is Malaysia, where Islamic Finance Development Report in 2023 mentioned that Malaysia poses the main asset percentage of takaful. However, Bank Negara Malaysia reported that Year-to-Year growth of takaful performance in this country is still unstable during 2010-2022. It assumed that several factors could be the reasons behind this unstable trend. Therefore, this study aims to analyse factors affecting takaful performance in Malaysia during 2011-2023. This study employs factors such underwriting risks (claim paid and retakaful asset), internal factors (firm size and leverage), and economic factors (GDP and inflation) that may have significant impact on takaful performance. Using secondary data collectedthrough financial statement of takaful operators, this study caries out the result analysis using Eviews 12. In addition, this study uses multiple regression analysis with panel dataset to test the effect between independent variables and dependent variable. Where the finding indicates that claim paid, retakaful asset, and firm size significantly affect the performance of takaful operators. Meanwhile, leverage, GDP, and inflation have no significant effect on the performance of takaful operator
Determinant factors of employees behaviour towards Islamic unit trust investment
No full textThe extensive of Islamic unit trust investment opportunities in Malaysia aims to empower and strengthening the Islamic financial industry. It can be seen by diversifying the range of investment. The data shows the percentage of Islamic Net Asset Value at average of 22% to 23% from the Total Net Asset Value since year 2021 to November 2024. It can be presented by the lower of contribution from the investors and unfavorable response to Islamic unit trust. Based on previous studies, the Muslim investors have good knowledge and financial literacy. Hence, this study focusses on the relationship between the factors of Attitude, Subjective Norm, Perceived Behavioural Control and Facilitating Conditions with the employee’s behaviour towards Islamic unit trust investment. The analytical methods execute in this study using IBM SPSS Statistics version 29. The sampling took out 115 respondents from Pertubuhan Peladang Kebangsaan (NAFAS). The result shows the independent variable used in this study are positive significant relationship with the employees’ behaviour towards unit trust investment. Lastly, the paper recommends future studies to explore the factors affecting investment preferences, investigate the reasons for lower returns in Islamic unit trusts, and find ways to improve their performance
The influence of self-efficacy and locus of control towards self-motivation and self-performance in the land administration delivery system in Kedah, Malaysia
Get PDFIn Malaysia, public servants perform the role of the government's representatives, delivering services to the public as a whole. With the enormous cooperation of the public servants, the public are accessible to the efficient and effective service delivery. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the influence of self-efficacy and locus of control towards self-motivation and self-performance among public servants in the land administration delivery system in Kedah; as well as to develop a comprehensive model for the enhancement of land service delivery quality. The current mixed methods study comprised 260 public servants affiliated with several land administration departments at the federal, state, and district levels. More specifically, 248 participants were part of the quantitative study via an online survey, whereas 12 respondents participated in the qualitative study via a Focus Group Discussion. Result from quantitative study indicated that there are significant influences and relationships of self-efficacy, locus of control, self motivation and self performance among public servants. However, further investigation indicates that there are no significant differences in terms of all variables by gender. The qualitative data gathered was evaluated thematically with four key themes emerged. Respondents from focus group discussion presented higher attention to the department head and land law courses, and the majority of them indicated that they felt like quitting for an array of reasons. Data from mixed-methods research, in addition to data from existing service delivery models or frameworks, went through analysis and merged to develop the novel service delivery instrument, Kedah Land Administration Service (KELAS), which was developed exclusively for Kedah's land administration departments. KELAS additionally contributes to deliver land services with improved efficiency and effectiveness. Overall, the establishment of KELAS has provided a new viewpoint for identifying relevant training and courses through the functions of the Human Resources (HR) unit, as well as incorporating the 'voices' of public servants to improve land service delivery
Factors affecting students’ continuance intention in using Learning Management System: The moderating effect of habit
Get PDFAn increasing trend among universities and higher education institutions in every country, including Saudi Arabia, in using Learning Management Systems (LMS) for tracking and managing online learning and teaching has been evident in recent years. However, the implementation of LMS in Saudi Arabia is still in its early stages and faces challenges due to low student continuance intention. Despite the substantial significance of LMS in educational settings, more studies still need to be done on the factors influencing students' continuance intention to use LMS. Most previous studies have focused on initial acceptance instead. This current study aims to contribute to this area of research by integrating the Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM) with the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) and the DeLone and McLean Information Systems Success Model (ISSM). A survey was conducted with 261 public university students from Saudi Arabian universities, all of whom use Blackboard as their LMS, employing a stratified random sampling technique to test the proposed model. The theoretical model was validated using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicated that among the three aspects of LMS, which are perceived usefulness, hedonic motivation, and system quality, hedonic motivation is the strongest predictor of continuance intention. As anticipated, the findings also showed that habit significantly influences the effects of perceived usefulness and hedonic motivation on continuation intention. Hence, the findings of this study imply that the full benefits and success of LMS can only be realised through students' continued usage. Additionally, this study offers valuable insights into students' post-adoption behaviour in the context of LMS, providing critical information for the Saudi government and higher education stakeholders
Sokongan dan cabaran penjaga tidak formal pesakit kanser: kajian kes di Yayasan Kanser Tunku Laksamana Johor
Get PDFInformal caregivers play a vital role in providing physical, emotional, and social support to cancer patients. However, they often encounter various challenges that can affect their own well-being. The purpose of this study is to identify the background of caregivers of cancer patients at the Tunku Laksamana Johor Cancer Foundation (YKTLJ), to identify the challenges faced throughout the caregiving journey; to determine the types of support needed by informal caregivers; and to explore the skills required to care for cancer patients. This study employs a qualitative method, using semi-structured interviews with seven informal caregivers of cancer patients. Thematic analysis was used to identify key patterns in the experiences of informal caregivers of cancer patients. The findings show that informal caregivers are primarily among family members: they face challenges in managing patients’ physical changes, coping with emotional stress, financial burdens, as well as physical and mental strain. They require emotional, social, and community support, along with knowledge about cancer. Skills in understanding the disease, providing care, and managing emotions are essential to enhance caregivers' efficiency. Several recommendations have been proposed to enhance the capabilities of informal caregivers, including the establishment of social support organizations, the development of applications for cancer patient care, the provision of platforms for tele-counselling and telehealth, as well as the delivery of digital training for caregivers. In conclusion, more effective interventions are needed to support informal caregivers in addressing the challenges they face, in order to improve the well-being of both caregivers and cancer patients
A Robust high dimensional correlation matrices statistic for covariance singularity with outlier
Get PDFHigh-dimensional data analysis often challenges classical statistical methods due to covariance matrix singularity and sensitivity to outliers. Jennrich’s statistic is a classical method for testing the equality of correlation matrices. However, its assumptions of normality and well-conditioned correlation matrices can be problematic in high-dimensional data settings. These conditions leading to covariance singularity which can affect the reliability of statistical results. This study addresses these issues by proposing seven robust high-dimensional correlation tests that integrate regularization techniques and robust correlation into Jennrich’s statistic, namely, jb-statistic, jt-statistic, jh-statistic, jmads-statistic, jbmads-statistic, jtmads-statistic, and jhmads-statistic. The performance of these proposed statistics is evaluated through simulation studies by examining the Type I error and power of the tests under various conditions, including different levels of dimensionality, sample sizes, correlation shift, and data contamination by outliers. Furthermore, real-world financial data validates the seven statistics, specifically assessing the correlation structure of currency exchange rates before and after the USA subprime financial crisis. Results showed that the proposed statistics outperform the classical Jennrich’s statistic, especially in terms of maintaining an acceptable Type I error rate and power of test values under various conditions. jmads-statistic, jbmads-statistic, jtmads-statistic, and jhmads-statistic consistently show better control over the Type I error rate in the presence of outliers. The analysis of the power of test values indicates that the jt- statistic and jb-statistic are the most reliable and effective tests across different dimensions, sample sizes, and correlation shifts. Additionally, real application on most currency structures during the USA subprime financial crisis validated that jbmads- statistic is more robust. In conclusion, this study contributes to robust high-dimensional statistical testing by offering enhanced methods capable of handling outliers and singular matrices
Effectiveness of eclectic treatment–cognitive behaviour therapy (ET-CBT) on depression and rumination among nurses of Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
Get PDFMental and physical well-being are essential for a fulfilling life. However, depression, a common mental disorder, causes distress, impairs functioning, and reduces quality of life. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment but does not explicitly target rumination, a key factor in depression. Enhancing CBT by integrating rumination-focused strategies may improve treatment outcomes. This study examined the comparative effectiveness of CBT and a newly developed intervention, Eclectic-Treatment Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (ET-CBT), in reducing depressive symptoms and rumination. A total of 60 female nurses from the Children's Hospital Multan, Pakistan, were systematically assigned to three groups: CBT (n = 20), ET-CBT (n = 20), and a control group receiving no treatment (n = 20). Data were collected at pre-test and post-test using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Ruminative Responses Scale. A mixed between-within subjects’ analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted. Results indicated that ET-CBT led to greater reductions in depressive symptoms and rumination compared to standard CBT and the control group. Post-test depression scores for the CBT, ET-CBT, and control groups were 9.6, 7.2, and 12.4, respectively, while rumination scores were 36.2, 24.2, and 36.9. These findings suggest that ET-CBT is a more effective therapeutic approach, addressing both depression and rumination more comprehensively than standard CBT. The study has significant clinical implications, particularly in improving psychological interventions for depression. Future research should explore ET-CBT’s effectiveness across diverse populations, including male and non-clinical samples, to further validate its efficacy
Impak program pembangunan Sarawak Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Authority (SALCRA) ke atas kualiti hidup peserta projek pembangunan tanah hak adat bumiputera (NCR) di Betong, Sarawak
No full textThe Sarawak Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Authority (SALCRA) is a program developed by the Malaysian government aimed at improving the quality of life of the Bumiputera community in rural area. The main aim of this study is to identify the quality of life and the impact of SALCRA development programme towards Native Customary Rights (NCR) landowners. The seven components of quality of life to explored in this study namely economics, housing, infrastructure, education, social, health and environmental. In addition, the perception towards SALCRA both generally and specifically are also identified in this study. A total of 300 SALCRA participants from Betong division were selected as respondents. The methodology of this study is mix method it is combination of quantitative and qualitative study. Chi-Square correlation analysis were performed to analyze the categorical data form meanwhile as for the continuous data independent student t-test was performed. The results indicated that the impacts of the SALCRA development programme positively impacted the quality of life of SALCRA participants whereabout stated scores above the 75 percents as a passing mark. The analysis of this study confirmed that several components of quality of life that yielded high mean scores were housing (92%), infrastructure (89.0%), education (88.0%), social (96.0%) and environmental (88.0%). Futhermore, perception towards SALCRA in general (77.0%) and specific (75.0%) also stated a good level of perception. SALCRA play an important roles in enhancing and improving the quality of life of the SALCRA participants in rural area of Sarawak
Employee acceptance towards Industrial Revolution 4.0 amongs halal Small Medium Enterprise in Penang
Get PDFNational Fourth Industrial Revolution Policy is a strategic initiative recently introduced by the Malaysian government. The aim of this initiative is to transform industrial manufacturing through digitalisation and the exploitation of new technologies' potential. An Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0) production system is more flexible and enables the production of individualised and customised products. The aim of this research is to test the applicability of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) in relation to employees' intention to accept IR 4.0. In the context of this research, the UTAUT variables of performance expectancy and effort expectancy are examined to test their relationships with employees' acceptance of IR 4.0 in Malaysia, with behavioural intention acting as a mediator. A total of 337 questionnaires were distributed among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Penang Halal industry. This research includes three proposed hypotheses, and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27 was used to analyse the data. The results allow the researcher to conclude that employees are ready to accept the current wave of new technology such as Radio Frequency in Identification (RFID) and Artificial Intelligence (Al) and Industrial Internet of Things. The results clearly demonstrate that all hypotheses receive positively when it comes to every single hypothesis that were previously tested which is independent variable performance expectancy and effort expectancy, mediating variable behavioural intention and dependant variable employee acceptance towards industrial revolution 4.0 amongst halal Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Penang. It shows that effort expectancy and performance expectancy play a major roll-on employee behavioural intention and behavioural intention being important to employee to accept the advancement of new technology. Finally, the company can gain knowledge on how employee would accept the transformation of new technological advancement
The relationship between human resource practices and employee retention : at one of private university in Kedah
Get PDFEmployee retention continues to be a critical challenge for many organizations, including higher education institutions. In private universities, where operational success depends heavily on the commitment and continuity of academic and administrative staff, retaining skilled employees is essential for long-term sustainability. This study aimed to examine the relationship between key human resource management (HRM) practices namely compensation and benefits, training and development, and recruitment and selection and employee retention at one of the private universities in Kedah, Malaysia. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 180 respondents from both academic and administrative departments. The results revealed that all three HRM practices had a positive and significant relationship with employee retention, although the strength of these relationships varied. Collectively, these practices explained a modest proportion of the variance in retention levels. The findings offer valuable insights for HR practitioners and university leadership in enhancing employee retention strategies. Future research is recommended to explore additional HRM factors and to include a broader range of institutions for comparative analysi