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Adaptation strategies for impacts of climate change on tourism in Malaysia: Assessing the perspectives of community
Get PDFClimate change is a critical issue today which significantly affected the ecosystem of the community. The government of Malaysia has constructed and implement numerous policy and plan in order to curb the climate change but it sad to see that this country is still at the moderate phase of overcoming the issue. Climate change consequences on tourism are crucial because it increases the danger of species extinction, decreases freshwater, increases wildfire accidents, heat waves, and illnesses, all of which cause visitors to avoid certain places. Being aware of climate change consequently help the communities to prepare for its effects. As a result, the community is also becoming more educated and able to develop proactive and reactive measures to combat climate change and reducing their social vulnerability. Hence, this study surveyed the adaptation strategies for impacts of climate change on tourism in Malaysia by assessing the perspectives of community. The objectives of this study are to investigate community awareness of climate change; to examine community perceptions toward the impacts of climate change on tourism; to assess community perceptions toward the adaptation strategies used to overcome the impacts of climate change on tourism; and further to seek the differences between the community socioeconomic characteristics and awareness of adaptation strategies for climate change. The researcher had analyzed 400 respondents representing the communities in various destinations in Malaysia which are directly and indirectly affected by climate change through a distribution of questionnaires. The findings indicated that two domains derived pertaining to community awareness and were named as affected tourism and community and physically affected. As for the community perceptions, three domains derived and were named as socio-economic impacts, physical impacts and environmental impacts. Another two domains derived to answer objective three of the study regarding the community perceptions toward the adaptation strategies and were named as enhancing awareness and capacity development and also diversification of tourism activities. Additionally, significant relationships are found among socioeconomic characteristics and community awareness. This study significantly provides an adaptation plan for climate change complements the tourism stakeholders in Malaysia social innovation aim, which focuses on sustainable communities. It also assists the policymakers by providing a framework for measuring and understanding the consequences of adaptation measures of climate change in the tourism industry
Framing communication strategies towards countering violent extremism among political and military leaders in Pakistan
Get PDFViolent extremism has become a global concern especially after 9/11, and several countries are now developing comprehensive strategies to find out the causes of violent extremism. Violent extremism in Pakistan has remained a challenge while the causes
identified, and the countering violent extremism measures being used have not really helped in the containment. Therefore, this study aims to define the plausible communication strategies that can be used to counter violent extremism in Pakistan. In addition, this study also investigates how political leaders and military leaders perceive countering violent extremism in Pakistan and to understand the extent that Pakistani military and government have been successful in tackling the issue of terrorism and extremism in Pakistan. Thus, the objectives have been set to deal research problems and answer the research questions. First the objectives have been set to define the plausible communication strategies that can be used to counter violent extremism in Pakistan. Moreover, to investigate how political leaders and security experts perceive
countering violent extremism in Pakistan; and to understand the extent that Pakistani army and government have been successful in tackling the issue of terrorism and extremism in Pakistan. An in-depth interview with political leaders and military leaders were conducted. The data were analyzed thematically. The findings revealed two plausible communication strategies, namely perceptions of violent extremism, perceptions of political leaders and extremism experts, media and communication approach, counter narrative message strategies for Counter Violent Extremism (CVE) in Pakistan, collaborative actions for CVE, army and government adaptation of operational tactics for CVE, and tackling image of Pakistan. The findings of this study inclusively found the perspectives of strategic communication in countering violent extremism through the establishment of methods such as ideologies, mass media messages, and different narratives are used to activate, mobilize, teach, and inform on the issue. Furthermore, the findings of this study demonstrated that countering violent extremism policies can addressed the development of violent extremism, by applying the dimensions of strategic communication for maximum success. Moreover, based on this study’s findings, it can also be concluded that integrating cultural-entertainment communication will go a long way to counter violent extremism in Pakistan. The study has also contributed considerably to the existing knowledge on countering violent
extremism and strategic communication through the application of the Structural Theory of Violence and Message Influence theory. Future research should consider engaging other approaches particularly, content analysis and surveys, in order to offer more comprehensive accounts of how countering violent extremism will be successful and long-lasting
Enhanced grey wolf optimisation algorithm for feature selection in anomaly detection
Get PDFAnomaly detection deals with identification of items that do not conform to an expected pattern or items present in a dataset. The performance of different mechanisms utilized to perform the anomaly detection depends heavily on the group of features used. Thus, not all features in the dataset can be used in the classification process since some features may lead to low performance of classifier. Feature selection (FS) is a good mechanism that minimises the dimension of high-dimensional datasets by deleting the irrelevant features. Modified Binary Grey Wolf Optimiser (MBGWO) is a modern metaheuristic algorithm that has successfully been used for FS for anomaly detection. However, the MBGWO has several issues in finding a good quality solution. Thus, this study proposes an enhanced binary grey wolf optimiser (EBGWO) algorithm for FS in anomaly detection to overcome the algorithm issues. The first modification enhances the initial population of the MBGWO using a heuristic based Ant Colony Optimisation algorithm. The second modification develops a new position update mechanism using the Bat Algorithm movement. The third modification improves the controlled parameter of the MBGWO algorithm using indicators from the search process to refine the solution. The EBGWO algorithm was evaluated on NSL-KDD and six (6) benchmark datasets from the University California Irvine (UCI) repository against ten (10) benchmark metaheuristic algorithms. Experimental results of the EBGWO algorithm on the NSL-KDD dataset in terms of number of selected features and classification accuracy are superior to other benchmark optimisation algorithms. Moreover, experiments on the six (6) UCI datasets showed that the EBGWO algorithm is superior to the benchmark algorithms in terms of classification accuracy and second best for the number of selected features. The proposed EBGWO algorithm can be used for FS in anomaly detection tasks that involve any dataset size from various application domains
The role of strategic leaders, big data analysis, and the investment decisions in building smart sustainable cities in the United Arab Emirates
No full textThe main challenges of this study are to show the prominent role of strategic leaders in analysing big data (BD) concerning investment decision-making (MID) capability to build an integrated smart city. In doing so, this study adopts and enriches the theory of networks, theories of situational administrative leadership and the theory of investment decision-making (MID). In particular, the theory of networks is utilised to emphasise the principle of digital government. Additionally, theories of situational administrative leadership and investment decision-making (MID) are adapted to examine the nexus of leadership practices and decision-making capacity. This study aims to examine the relationship between Strategic leadership (SL) practices, investment decision-making (MID), and big data (BD) analysis. This study is quantitative research based on a random sampling data collection method involving employees at the leadership level attached to the UAE's government departments. The sample size was 300 employees, with a 77% response rate. In total, 232 returned sample questionnaires were obtained, and where the hypotheses were verified. Based on multiplayer and hierarchical regression analyses, the research showed a significant and positive relationship between the dimensions of sustainable smart cities as a dependent variable on the one hand; and Strategic Leadership (SL), investment decision-making, and Big Data (BD) as independent variables on the other .Several logical reasons for the results that have some effective contributions to understanding these factors that can lead to building an integrated city supported by strategies that enable policy makers in the world to collect and exploit big data (BD) according to their priorities and accordingly, hypotheses were included and monitored, and presented. This study also presents recommendations for future research on developing an integrated smart city, strategic leadership, big data analysis and investment decision-making capacity
A heuristic evaluation checklist for mobile shopping applications
Get PDFStudies on issues related to mobile shopping applications are numerous, however, there is inadequacy in implementing the heuristic evaluation approach to identifying and documenting definite kinds of issues as far as their classifications for mobile shopping applications. Recent studies have shown that there is a deficiency of proper evaluation methods and suitable heuristics and subheuristics needed in recognizing mobile-specific usability issues since existing checklists are either web-centered or developed for general mobile applications such as social media mobile applications and utility mobile applications, and not for mobile shopping applications. These existing checklists are incapable of identifying usability issues of mobile shopping applications; hence, this study aims to address these issues by developing a heuristic evaluation checklist for mobile shopping applications. The strategy employed in the evaluation comprises four phases: identifying problems and objectives, heuristic identification, heuristic evaluation checklist development, and heuristic checklist evaluation. Twelve domain experts verified the proposed heuristic evaluation checklist and data collected was analysed using the Fuzzy Delphi Method. The study successfully identified suitable heuristics and subheuristics that made up the proposed heuristic evaluation checklist. Subsequently, a heuristic evaluation was conducted by six domain experts comprising usability experts, software and mobile application developers, as well as mobile shopping application designers, and the results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed heuristic evaluation checklist in identifying significant usability issues in Shopee mobile shopping applications. Through the heuristic evaluation checklist, usability experts and analysts can direct a dynamically exact evaluation of online shopping applications. In the same method, software and mobile application developers as well as mobile shopping designers can logically design a usable interface following a set of usability standards that will meet users' satisfaction
Pengaruh pengetahuan pedagogi kandungan, efikasi kendiri guru, persepsi guru dan kepimpinan instruksional pengetua terhadap amalan pedagogi terbeza
Get PDFDifferentiated instruction (PT) is a teaching framework that involves meeting the needs of every student in producing learning opportunities for all. However, based on previous studies, teachers did not practise PT and thus affecting students’ performance and potential. This study examined the influence of pedagogical content knowledge (PPK), self-efficacy (EFK), teacher’s perception (PERS) and principals' instructional leadership (KIP) towards teachers' practices of PT (APT). A convergent parallel mixed-methods approach was employed. Data was collected from 373 teachers through online survey, followed by interviews and content analysis of the daily lesson plan (RPH) from 14 teachers. The hypothesised influences was tested using structural equation modeling via AMOS version 23, while ATLAS.ti version 9 was employed to assist the thematic analysis of the interviews and the RPH. The findings of SEM indicated that PPK, EFK, PERS and KIP significantly explained 70% of teachers’ APT. Besides, there were significant mediation effects of KIP between PPK, EFK and PERS towards APT. Through the thematic analysis of teachers’ interviews supported by analysis of teachers’ RPH, four themes emerged showing that teachers implemented PT in the elements of learning processes and learning products. The findings also showed that teachers faced several difficulties in implementing PT so as to clarify the findings of quantitative data on the role of principals as mediator in the influence of PPK, EFK and PERS towards teachers’ APT. The study contributes to this area of research interest by highlighting teachers’ variables that influence APT through the theoretical perspectives of Iceberg model. Findings can be used as a basis for the improvement of teachers’ ability in PT and thus lead to the improvement of the practices of PT in the classroom and further improve student achievement to the optimum level
The mediating effect of learning organization on the relationship between personnel development, staff welfare and personnel performance of immigration department in Thailand
No full textThe issue surrounding the performance of employees in organizations has been a major concern for both academicians and practitioners specifically among the employees in the service sector. This is because the employees are regarded as the nucleus of the organization. Considering this, and the increased migration rate happening in recent times, the Thailand immigration posts have thus been shot into the limelight because they are considered to perform below expectation. Owing to this, the researcher identifies some critical factors that can enhance immigration officers in Thailand's personnel performance at their duty post. The identified factors are personnel development, staff welfare, and learning organization to empirically examine the significance of these factors, both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies were used to examine the immigration officers selected randomly at various immigration department in Thailand southern region. Using the quantitative approach, the research empirically found that the selected factors namely; personnel development, staff welfare, and organizational learning significantly contributes to personnel performance. Despite this, the qualitative part reveals that even though the officers acknowledged the significance of the selected factors, some are lacking in reality. Considering these revelations, the researcher discussed the importance of these factors and how they can be used in enhancing the performance of immigration staffs in Thailand
The effect of IR4.0 readiness and government initiative among E&E SMEs in Malaysia
Get PDFIndustrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0) has created tremendous challenges in the business world, particularly in Electrical and Electronics (E&E) Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia. This study was conducted to determine the effect of IR4.0 readiness (optimism, innovativeness, discomfort, and insecurity), government initiatives, and IR4.0 adoption (perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use) by providing a framework that integrates all these effects. This study also considered the moderating role of government initiatives. Individuals in managerial positions were identified as units of analysis. A survey method was employed, and a structured questionnaire was distributed to 500 E&E small and medium-sized enterprises. A total of 202 samples were deemed usable, yielding an effective response rate of 40.4 per cent. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Partial Least Squares to Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) were employed. The findings indicated that out of the 19 hypotheses inferred, ten hypotheses were supported, while nine were not supported. IR4.0 readiness was shown to have a significant positive effect on IR4.0 adoption. Optimism has a significant positive effect on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Innovativeness has a significant positive effect on perceived ease of use. Government initiatives positively affected perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Furthermore, government initiatives moderate the relationship between optimism and perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, discomfort and perceived usefulness, and insecurity and perceived ease of use. This study contributed to the existing body of knowledge by identifying the dimensions that affected IR4.0 adoption and proposed several practical suggestions for E&E small and medium-sized enterprises to improve IR4.0 adoption. This study is unique in that it pioneers IR4.0 readiness with the moderating effect of government initiatives in explaining IR4.0 adoption among E&E small and medium-sized enterprises. Lastly, the current study suggests avenues for researchers interested in exploring or enhancing other aspects of the research framework
Title the role of cash waqf in the development of islamic institutions in Japan: Prospect and challenges
Get PDFA cash Waqf that is effectively run, organized, and efficient will have a big impact on the community, significantly on socioeconomics and the development of Islamic institutions locally. Cash Waqf seems to be one of the most suitable methods for endowment in perpetuity in the current environment because of its liquid nature. This is arguable because cash is free to endow, easy to manage, more practical to distribute its benefits among the wider sections of beneficiaries, and easy to utilize beneficiaries day-to-day. While in Malaysia we find that cash Waqf instruments are flourishing, we should also pay attention to Muslim minority countries like Japan. Muslims in Japan is in dire need of convenient and optimally functioning Islamic institutions to help them navigate their daily lives as practicing Muslims. To support and fulfil this crucial need, Islamic Institutions in Japan are seen to need stable and sustainable funding for their ongoing development. To benefit the Muslim minority in Japan, this research was conducted with the aim of focusing on the role of cash Waqf in the development of Islamic institutions in Japan, and the prospects and challenges that entails. The research utilized qualitative methods, which included library searches and in-depth face-to-face interviews. By conducting semi-structured interviews with informants, this research employed nonprobability sampling, specifically purposive sampling. To scrutinize the data, this study used thematical analysis. Besides being able to understand the difficulties faced by Muslims in Japan, the findings of this research indicate how Islamic institutions there can support Muslims in dealing with the difficulties. This research also exposes how cash Waqf can serve for the development of Islamic institutions there and what prospects and challenges there are to the implementation of cash Waqf in Japan. The results of this study are expected to help increase the utilization of cash Waqf funding for the socio-economic goals of the Ummah
Factors Influencing customer Intention to use Islamic deposit account among teachers in Perlis
Get PDFIslamic deposit accounts are known as part of the numerous key financial services provided by Islamic banking institutions. As a matter of fact, the performance of Malaysian Islamic deposit facilities in June 2021 were showing a significant improvement from the performance of previous decade. In comparison to the performance of June 2011, the total collected deposits by Malaysian Islamic banks can be seen as growing with 200% of total deposit growth in a decade, with the total amount of RM685 million. The performance of Islamic banks’ total deposits has also been significantly developing in the perspective of overall banking sector. Islamic banking institutions are able to raise the proportion of deposits in the banking sector to 32.25% in June of 2021 compared to 18.93% in June 2011. In relation to that, the purpose of the conduction of this study is concluded to be determining factors influencing customer intention to use Islamic deposit account. Quantitative primary data collection method was implemented in the conduction of this study through physical and online questionnaire using Google Form to the targeted respondents of teacher in Perlis. As many as 146 questionnaires were vastly distributed through simple random sampling technique and has been analysed using the software suite of SPSS version 26. The results have revealed that attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and perceived ease of use have a significant and positive relationship with customer intention to use Islamic deposit account. Furthermore, all those variables have been revealed to have significant influence on customer intention to use Islamic deposit account among teachers in Perlis. This study has empirically contributed to the theoretical and practical implications to better understand customer's expectations in using Islamic deposit account. Other than that, the implications of this study are expected to be contributing as a reference to the academicians and Islamic banking practitioners in developing new impactful idea to the Islamic banking industr