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Determinants of non-performing financing in local and foreign islamic banks in Malaysia: the moderating role of staff efficiency
Get PDFNon-Performing Financing (NPF) levels recorded by 11 local and 5 foreign Islamic banks in Malaysia from 2017 to 2023 indicate fluctuations throughout that timeframe. High NPF may impact the financial performance of Islamic banks in Malaysia and effect the general financial stability of the country. This study examines the determinants that may influence the NPF levels of both local and foreign Islamic banks in Malaysia. It includes internal factors such as Return on Assets (ROA), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Bank Size, and Financing Loss Provision (FLP), and external elements like Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Unemployment Rate (UR), Inflation Rate (IR), and Control of Corruption (COC). This research also includes Staff Efficiency (STAFFX) as a moderating factor that affects the link between the independent and dependent variables. Staff Efficiency is important because if personnel do not work effectively (due to insufficient expertise), the performance of the bank is likely to be significantly impacted. The data for this study were sourced from the Fitch Connect Database, the Department of Statistics Malaysia, and the Worldwide Governance Indicator. This research employs Panel Data Regression Analysis with the Generalized Least Squares Method and a hierarchical regression model. The findings indicate that ROA, FDR, Bank Size, FLP, and UR significantly influence the NPF levels of local and foreign Islamic banks in Malaysia. Other predictors, namely GDP, IR, and COC have insignificant impact on NPF. This research also shows that Staff Efficiency can moderate and enhance the correlation between FDR and NPF in local Islamic banks, along with the links between Inflation Rate and NPF as well as COC and NPF in foreign Islamic banks. This study provides new interesting findings regarding the beneficial effect of Staff Efficiency in minimizing NPF during the unstable economic conditions
Intention to adopt Islamic banking services among public university students in Malaysia
Get PDFIslamic banking has experienced significant development in Malaysia, which is evident from the increase in total assets and financing approvals over the years. However, despite this progress, Islamic banking still lags behind conventional banking in terms of market share and total assets, indicating the need for further expansion and adoption. One of the main challenges is the perception that Islamic banking only caters to Muslim customers, which may limit its reach among non-Muslims. In addition, the factors that influence students' adoption of Islamic banking services remain under-researched, especially in the context of public universities in Malaysia. This study examines the factors that influence students intention to adopt Islamic banking services in Malaysian public universities. The study analyzed the role of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, knowledge, and price. It also identifies the most significant factors for Muslim and non-Muslim students. A quantitative approach was applied to analyse the differences in adoption intention between the two groups coming from public universities in Malaysia, as well as for data analysis using PLS-SEM. This study involved 400 respondents from public universities student, categorized from muslim and non-muslim students. The findings showed that attitude had a significant influence on Muslim students, but no impact on non-Muslim students. Subjective norms and perceived behavioral control are important for both groups, while knowledge only affects Muslim students. In contrast, price has a more significant role for non-Muslims, reflecting their preference for financial benefits. The research also shows that attitude is the strongest determinant for Muslim students, while price is the most influential factor for non-Muslims. These results confirm the importance for Islamic banking institutions to implement appropriate marketing strategies, emphasizing Shariah compliance and ethical values for Muslim customers, while keeping in mind competitive pricing and financial benefits for non-Muslims
The acceptance of Islamic-based mobile banking towards cashless campus at universities in Malaysia
Get PDFDigital payments and the cashless society have grown rapidly over the past few years and have penetrated many sectors, including the university environment through the cashless campus initiative in Malaysia. However, although this country on the top position in Islamic financial services, the use of Islamic-based mobile banking less popular than e-money. Therefore, this study examines the acceptance of Islamic-based mobile banking at universities in Malaysia using the modified UTAUT model. This study uses a quantitative approach in the form of causal research. Data collection in this study used a Google Form questionnaire with a Likert Scale. The sample in this study was 128 people consisting of students, lecturers, and staff from five universities in Northern Malaysia. Sampling was carried out using the purposive sampling method. The data analysis method is Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLSSEM) using SmartPLS 3 software. The results of this study indicate that performance expectancy and social influence affect behavioral intention. Meanwhile, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, and intrinsic religiosity do not affect behavioural intention. As well as behavioral intention affects use behavior of Islamic-based mobile banking. Findings of this study provides valuable information to potential users of Islamic-based mobile banking and researchers who are interested on the area of acceptance mobile banking services
The influence of Maqasid Al-Shariah on the spiritual wellbeing of the participants in the Smart Sawah Berskala Besar project
Get PDFRice is one of the principal agricultural products in Malaysia, especially Kedah state that contributing more than 40% of the total production in the country. To improve the productivity and the economic adaptability of the smallholder farmers especially the asnaf group, the Malaysian government initiated the Smart Sawah Berskala Besar (SSBB) project. This initiative combines modern agricultural techniques with effective zakat disbursement. However, the effectiveness of SSBB is often evaluated solely from the perspective of economic returns, especially income and productivity gains. Those approach ignores the other dimensions of well-being elaborated in the Maqasid al-Shariah. Even though SSBB’s program has been claimed to be successful from an economic standpoint, there is not sufficient evidence to prove these outcomes indicate true economic self-sufficiency and spiritual well-being. Most of the evaluations ignore non-material factors like religious participation, tranquillity, and satisfaction of life. Therefore, this research aims to address this gap and develop an assessment framework that uses the five elements of Maqasid al-Shariah; faith, life, intellect, wealth, and progeny to measure the effect on the spiritual well-being of the participants of SSBB project. The study was carried out in Kedah, involving a sample of 57 SSBB participants. The research utilized the Maqasid al-Shariah framework and implemented quantitative approach. ANOVA with R² analysis was employed to examine the overall influence of Maqasid al-Shariah on the spiritual well-being of participants. Additionally, multiple regression combined with an independent sample t-test was conducted to identify which specific element of Maqasid al-Shariah had the most significant effect on spiritual well-being. The findings indicate that Maqasid al-Shariah has a significant impact on the spiritual well-being of asnaf, with the preservation of faith identified as the most influential factor. This indicates that religious and spiritual values are fundamental to the experiences and developmental results of marginalized farming communities. This study enhances the existing literature on Islamic development by emphasizing the integrative function of productive zakat in connecting economic progress with spiritual fulfilment. This highlights the necessity of integrating spiritual indicators into policy evaluations, especially in zakat-based empowerment programs, to ensure conformity with the overarching goals of Shariah
Conceptual model of wearable persuasive multimedia as digital persuader for controllability awareness of academic depression amongst university students
Get PDFThe prevalence of depression among university students in Malaysia can be reflected in unprecedented suicide acts and attempts. However, reliable, practical, and comprehensive methods are scarce to curb the issue’s root cause to empower one's controllability awareness. Awareness of the importance of mental health can be enhanced through wearable technology, which is increasingly recognised for its ability to monitor well-being while also persuading and motivating users toward healthier behaviours. Several studies have also confirmed the relevance of persuasive methods in wearable technology through varying degrees. In most awareness studies, persuasive principles, methods, techniques and models have been integrated to raise certain levels of awareness for persuasive technology (PT). Nevertheless, efficient methods to represent the awareness attributes in wearable interaction design are still lacking. Moreover, very few studies have focused on enhancing controllability awareness, especially concerning academic depression. Therefore, this study seeks to leverage the wearable devices like smartwatches as the PT by integrating persuasive, multimedia, and wearable design principles into a conceptual model that enhances controllability awareness of depression amongst university students in Malaysia. This study adopted the Design Science Research Process Methodology (DSRPM), which consists of problem awareness, suggestion, development, evaluation, and communication. Additionally, the robustness of the proposed conceptual model was validated through multidisciplinary expert reviews, prototyping, focus group study, and user evaluations. The evaluation of the semantic quality of the conceptual model encompasses the constructs of perceived controllability awareness. Statistical testing confirms the presence of a difference in users’ controllability awareness, even though the variation is not statistically significant. The proposed conceptual model's validity, credibility, utility, and feasibility requirements prove it is sufficiently robust to enhance controllability awareness of mental health issues amongst university students. Consequently, the conceptual model can guide wearable interaction designers in creating persuasive multimedia applications for smartwatches, aiming to enhance social well-being and contribute to the sustainable development of youth in Malaysia
The roles of metacognitive writing strategies and willingness to write in writing performance of Pakistani ESL learners
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to investigate the roles of metacognitive writing strategies (i.e., planning, monitoring, and evaluating) in writing performance through the mediating role of willingness to write among Pakistani ESL learners. Despite the influential role of willingness to write in enhancing writing performance, its mediating effect between metacognitive writing strategies and writing performance has largely been overlooked in existing literature. The present study adopted a mixed-methods research approach to address this gap, integrating quantitative and qualitative methodologies. A quantitative method was used, and a survey was conducted using a sequential explanatory mixed-methods research design. Three hundred and fifty (350) valid questionnaires were received from the first-semester bachelor students of the English department across six public universities in South Punjab, Pakistan. The data were analysed using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS SEM). As for the qualitative method, this study conducted semi-structured interviews with six ESL learners. Thematic analysis was employed to answer the qualitative questions. The quantitative findings reveal that implementing planning, monitoring, and evaluation strategies can enhance the writing performance of Pakistani ESL learners. Furthermore, willingness to write plays a significant role in improving writing performance. The qualitative findings revealed similar results; however, some interviewees emphasised that willingness to write is essential for enhancing writing performance through metacognitive writing strategies. This study makes a valuable contribution to the body of knowledge by highlighting the critical role of willingness to write as a mediating factor between metacognitive writing strategies and writing performance. It significantly enhances the understanding of how fostering willingness to write can improve the writing performance of ESL learners, thereby advancing the theory of metacognitio
The influence of material usage, spiritual orientation and aesthetic language on contemporary Chinese mixed media painting
Get PDFContemporary Chinese comprehensive mixed-material painting stands as a direct result of artistic evolution and inventive work done in Chinese art domains. This research examines the position of contemporary Chinese comprehensive mixed-material painting in relation to other techniques to determine its importance for modern artistic narratives. A fundamental reason to conduct this research lies in the traditional Chinese art practices which maintain an active dance with present-day cultural elements. Modern recognition of Chinese comprehensive mixed-material paintings continues to face knowledge gaps regarding their fundamental properties and symbolic meanings and their differences with conventional artistic methods and present-day art styles. The principal research inquiries emerged from this missing information and aim to investigate: What features define and symbolize modern Chinese mixed-material paintings? What makes mixed-material Chinese painting distinct from alternative visual forms regarding their base elements plus meaningful symbolism? The research utilizes an interpretivist research paradigm through which a qualitative case study methodology was implemented to obtain answers. Researchers have chosen this methodology because it allows detailed analysis of particular artwork cases and their creators. Our research uses semi-structured artist, critic, and art historian interviews as the main data collection method together with gallery observations and exhibition data. The research will result in an in-depth understanding of artistic material selection practices and symbolical artworks and cultural influences on artistic choices. The research findings will help explain the complex way artists manage traditional techniques together with innovative methods in their work and the social-cultural message contained in their creations. Our research utilizes comprehensive methodologies and discovered information to contribute advanced ideas about contemporary artistic practices as well as art history and cultural interpretation. The analysis demonstrates how Chinese mixed-material painting of today represents both artistic expression and cultural transformations in a nation's self-identity
Behind the exit : Determinants of turnover intention in the Malaysian food manufacturing industry
Get PDFThis research aims to examine turnover intention among managerial-level employees in Malaysia’s food manufacturing industry. Adopting a quantitative approach, the study focuses on collecting numerical data for statistical analysis to better understand the organizational factors influencing turnover intention. A structured questionnaire was distributed online using a convenience sampling method to enable respondents to participate at any time and from any location. The sample comprised 102 managerial-level employees from food manufacturing firms in Shah Alam. Guided by Social Exchange Theory (SET), a set of hypotheses derived from the theoretical framework was tested using SPSS through correlation and multiple regression analyses. Empirical results revealed that all three independent variables reward system, employee promotion, and supervisory support significantly influence turnover intention. The findings provide valuable insights for the food manufacturing industry and contribute to the academic literature by offering empirical evidence on turnover intention in this under-researched sector. Practically, the results enable employers to identify critical areas for improvement, develop targeted retention strategies, and align organizational practices with employee needs to enhance workforce stability and organizational performanc
Employee performance in Malaysia's automotive sector : The role of leadership style, organizational support and employee well being
Get PDFThe automotive sector in Kulim, Kedah, plays a crucial role in Malaysia’s industrial development, where employee performance remains a key driver of operational success and long-term competitiveness. This study investigates the effects of leadership style, organizational support, and employee well-being on employee performance. Adopting quantitative research design, data was collected from 150 respondents using a structured survey distributed via Google Forms. The responses were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 29. The findings reveal that leadership style, organizational support, and well-being each have a significant and positive influence on employee performance. These insights offer practical implications for leaders and HR practitioners in the automotive industry to enhance workforce effectiveness by fostering supportive leadership, strengthening organizational support systems, and prioritizing employee well-being. Given the rapid growth and increasing demands of Malaysia’s automotive sector, this study provides timely and valuable insights for organizations, researchers, and policymakers seeking to drive sustainable employee performance through strategic people management initiative
Integrating minimalism and Chinese cultural elements in new product design
No full textCulture plays a pivotal role in the branding and commercialisation of products in global market. This research investigates the intersection of minimalism and Chinese cultural element in the product design for BANG & OLUFSEN (B&O), a luxury audio brand recognised for its minimalist design, and its resonance with Chinese consumers. The research aims to evaluate the practical application of minimalist design and Chinese cultural elements in B&O products and their influence on brand recognition in the Chinese market. This research employs a qualitative research method to examine the integration of minimalist design and Chinese cultural elements in B&O products. Data were collected via questionnaires and in-depth interviews to explore users’ emotional connections and cultural acceptance. Then, analysed thematically to identify key design and cultural themes. The research sample comprises of two design experts and one cultural studies expert. Besides that, this research also includes twenty loyal and potential market users. Interview analysis reveals that B&O’s minimalist design in the Chinese market focus on simplicity, functionality, and quality. Cultural adaptability and user feedback significantly influence product acceptance. Traditional patterns, symbols, colours, materials, and modern design techniques are the most suitable cultural elements for integration. Enhancing brand recognition strengthens consumer identity and affinity, fostering brand loyalty. Users increasingly prefer products that reflect cultural connotations while aligning with modern aesthetics. This study contributes to both theoretical understanding and practical applications. It demonstrates that the integration of minimalist design and Chinese cultural elements enhances brand acceptance in the Chinese market. Incorporating cultural elements also strengthens consumer cultural identity and fosters brand loyalty. Practical design strategies for successful integration are proposed, including element integration and balancing tradition with innovatio