University of New Brunswick: Centre for Digital Scholarship Journals
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Insights from migrant entrepreneurship in Portugal pre- and post- COVID- 19
No full textThis study explores the resilience of Brazilian businesses in Porto, Portugal, focusing on those that survivedthe COVID-19 pandemic. Entrepreneurs were interviewed before and after the pandemic, providing insightsinto the local entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) from a migrant perspective. Using a mixed embeddednessapproach, the research examines the pandemic’s impact on these businesses and identifies attributes criticalto their survival. This study highlights conceptual gaps in the EE framework, particularly regarding small businessesand migrant entrepreneurship during crises. Through Eisenhardt’s case study methodology, data werecollected via 32 in-depth interviews before the pandemic, with follow-ups revealing that only 15 businessesremained operational. Five surviving entrepreneurs were interviewed in detail. Resilient businesses, suchas restaurants and computer/cell-phone repair shops, adapted by offering in-home services and leveragingsocial media to engage clients, demonstrating creativity and risk-taking. Unlike many local entrepreneurs,Brazilians exhibited higher risk tolerance, using government financial aid not only for personal needs butalso to sustain their businesses. This research contributes to the literature by addressing theoretical gaps inmixed embeddedness and EE concepts, while applying an innovative analytical framework combining mixedembeddedness, resilience strategies, and resource orchestration theory. It offers practical implications forpolicymakers and stakeholders, emphasizing the economic and social integration of migrants. Tailored supportstrategies are recommended to address the unique challenges migrants face, underscoring the broadercontributions of migrant businesses to economic growth and social cohesion in host communities
The Role of Diaspora Networks in Driving Trade and Investment in Uzbekistan’s Emerging Economy
No full textThe Uzbek diaspora plays an important role in Uzbekistan’s economic development by easing internationaltrade, promoting Diaspora Direct Investment (DDI), and transferring knowledge and skills. This study examineshow diaspora networks in Russia, Kazakhstan, South Korea, and Türkiye influence trade and investmentflows, highlighting their impact on Uzbekistan’s economy. The findings reveal that while remittances andinvestments contribute significantly to national development, challenges such as informal labor markets,regulatory inefficiencies, and weak engagement frameworks continue to limit their full potential. Addressingthese barriers through targeted tax incentives, dual citizenship reforms, and structured diaspora engagementpolicies could significantly enhance economic contributions. This study emphasizes the strategic importanceof diaspora networks and calls for proactive policy measures to optimize their role, positioning theUzbek diaspora as a key driver of sustainable economic growth
Impact of the intrinsic complexity and prior linguistic knowledge on the acquisition of relative clauses
Full text linkThe study explores the extent to which the intrinsic complexity of relative clauses (RCs) and prior linguistic knowledge impact the acquisition of RCs by L2 learners. The study investigates the main sources of the erroneous and avoided types of English RCs produced by Persian-speaking learners of English at three proficiency levels. The data elicitation task was a translation test comprised of six types of RCs modeled on the RC types in the Noun Phrase Accessibility Hierarchy. To analyze the data, the occurrence frequencies of the correctly and erroneously formed RCs were counted and the avoided RCs were identified in each RC type. Then, a precise error analysis was done. The statistical analysis of 3840 RCs showed that the most common error types were (i) forming English RCs with resumptive pronouns and (ii) altering more-marked RCs with non-canonical word order to less-marked RCs with canonical word order. The errors are interpreted as evidence for the impact of both L1 transfer and the universal intrinsic constraints of RCs. The analysis of the avoided RC types, mostly the more marked RCs, indicates that avoidance is mainly linked to the universal intrinsic constraints of RCs.L'étude explore dans quelle mesure la complexité intrinsèque des clauses relatives (RC) et les connaissances linguistiques préalables influencent l'acquisition des RC par les apprenants de L2. L'étude examine les principales sources des types erronés et évités de RC anglais produits par des apprenants d'anglais persan à trois niveaux de compétence. La tâche d'obtention de données était un test de traduction composé de six types de RC modélisés sur les types de RC dans la hiérarchie d'accessibilité des expressions nominales. Pour analyser les données, les fréquences d'occurrence des RC formés correctement et par erreur ont été comptées et les RC évités ont été identifiés dans chaque type de RC. Ensuite, une analyse précise des erreurs a été réalisée. L'analyse statistique de 3840 RC a montré que les types d'erreurs les plus courants étaient (i) la formation de RC anglais avec des pronoms résomptifs et (ii) la modification de RC plus marqués avec un ordre non canonique des mots en RC moins marqués avec un ordre canonique des mots. Les erreurs sont interprétées comme une preuve de l’impact à la fois du transfert L1 et des contraintes intrinsèques universelles des RC. L’analyse des types de RC évités, principalement les plus marqués, indique que l’évitement est principalement lié aux contraintes intrinsèques universelles des RC
Effet de l’enseignement de l’orthographe et de l’enseignement du sens des mots sur l’apprentissage des phonèmes multigraphémiques et des lettres muettes par des élèves de 7-8 ans
Full text linkMost spelling errors made by elementary school students are associated with the production of multigraphemic phonemes and silent letters. To document the best ways of teaching these spelling phenomena, two experimental conditions were tested with two groups of 7-8 year-old students: 1) teaching formal and semantic word properties (n = 43) and 2) teaching formal word properties (n = 44). A third group of students constituted the control group (n = 44). For both experimental conditions, the same 24 words were taught to the students. To assess the students’ learning, they were given a dictation before and after the intervention. The results show that the intervention contributed to the learning of multigraphemic phonemes and silent letters for students who benefited from the experimental conditions tested, although variations were observed depending on the orthographic phenomena.La majorité des erreurs commises en orthographe lexicale par les élèves du primaire sont associées à la production des phonèmes multigraphémiques et des lettres muettes non porteuses de sens. Pour documenter les meilleures façons d’enseigner ces phénomènes orthographiques, deux conditions expérimentales ont été mises à l’essai auprès de deux groupes d’élèves de 7-8 ans : 1) enseignement des propriétés formelles et des propriétés sémantiques des mots (n = 43) et 2) enseignement des propriétés formelles des mots (n = 44). Un troisième groupe d’élèves constituait le groupe contrôle (n = 44). Pour les deux conditions expérimentales, 24 mots ont été enseignés aux élèves. Pour évaluer les apprentissages réalisés, une dictée a été proposée aux élèves avant et après l’intervention. Les résultats montrent que l’intervention a favorisé l’apprentissage des phonèmes multigraphémiques et des lettres muettes chez les élèves ayant tiré profit des conditions expérimentales mises à l’essai, bien que des variations soient observées selon le phénomène orthographique
