Market Forces (Journal of Management, Business and Economics, College of Management Science, PAF-KIET)
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Dynamics Of Workplace environment with The Mediating Role of Motivations in the Telecom Sector of the Emerging Economy
No full textThis study examines the impact of “workplace environment and reward systems on motivation and employee performance.” It also examines the mediating role of motivation and moderating role of communication in the telecom sector of Karachi, Pakistan. Based on the self-administered questionnaire, we collected 418 responses from the telecom sector employees. This research is quantitative, and the approach is deductive. Using Smart PLS for analysis, we found workplace environment and reward systems affect motivation. The workplace environment and reward system promote employee performance. Motivation has a mediating effect on (i) the workplace environment and employees’ performance and (ii) the reward system and employee performance. The study did not find support for the moderating effect of internal communication on motivation and employee performance
A Systematic Review in the World of the Metaverse
No full textMetaverse uses “virtual reality” in e-commerce to create immersive virtual spaces. The philosophy behind it is to make people addicted to virtual 3d reality, and with the options of “teleportation, changing environment, and using cryptocurrency to shop,” this will be the ultimate future of technology. Apart from the benefits of the metaverse, it has many challenges, including “cyber security.” This study has synthesized past literature into nine themes based on a systematic review. All nine themes deal with the potential challenges and opportunities for users, including buyers and sellers. People can live an ideal life in the metaverse, leading to the denial mode of not accepting the real world and prefer living in the metaverse. For example, bald individuals can get a head full of hair in the metaverse. Someone with a disability can walk and fly in the metaverse. All these lucrative features will make virtual life more like heaven and real life like hell
The Impact of Instrumental, Adversarial Network Ties, and Emotional Labor on Job Satisfaction
No full textIn the present technological era, social networks significantly affect job-related outcomes. Given its importance, we examined the effect of “instrumental ties, adversarial ties, and emotional labor on job satisfaction.” And the moderating role of communicative rationale. We collected a sample of 148 employees from a premier telecommunication company in Balochistan. We used Smart PLS for statistical analysis as we had a small sample size. The study found that “instrumental network closeness and emotional labor” promote job satisfaction. Whereas adversarial network closeness “insignificantly affects job satisfaction.” We also found an insignificant association between the moderating role of “communicative rationale on emotional labor and job satisfaction.” We believe healthy and positive relations provide physical comfort and emotional support. Further, the negative relations may distract employees and minimize their ability to focus on the task, but employees preoccupied with their jobs do not get distracted by such ties
Estimation of Financial Inclusion Index for Low and Lower-Middle Income Countries
No full textThis study aims to estimate the financial inclusion (FI) index in Low- Income and Lower-Middle- Income (LLMI) Countries. The study used the Principal Component Analysis technique and Euclidean Distance Method to estimate the FI index for 39 LLMI countries over 11 years, from 2010 to 2020. For constructing the index, this study used four dimensions, i.e., “financial access, financial usage, infrastructure & communication technology, and banking cost.” These findings suggest that the exploitation of FI is the reason behind the low FI level in LLMI countries. Moreover, these countries have a higher banking costs compared to high-income countries. Therefore, financial inconsistency and banking competition hinder achieving an ideal FI level. This study also discusses policy recommendations for optimal FI in LLMI countries. From a policy perspective, strong regulation for FI is necessary for countries with unstable economic conditions, such as Ghana, which has an unsuitable economic condition to enhance FI. To increase the level of FI, the government must develop a strategic framework to improve FI. FI policy must focus on initiating, monitoring, and developing FI in the country
Impact of Servant Leadership on Job Performance with Mediating Role of Trust and Moderating Role of Power Distance: A Case of Hospitals in Pakistan
No full textJob performance is essential for growth, especially in the service sector like hospitals. Apart from other factors, the leadership style affects job performance and other organizational-related outcomes. The literature documents that hospital employees' job performance has declined. Thus, we have focused on nurses and other healthcare staff, excluding doctors in the healthcare industry The study's sample size was 582. The study supports all five hypotheses. We found that "servant leadership and trust positively affect job performance." Servant leadership positively affects trust. The study also documents that "trust mediates servant leadership and job performance." At the same time, our results also suggest that "power distance" moderates servant leadership and trust relationships. Based on the direct and indirect effects of servant leadership and job performance, we suggest organizations hire servant leaders. The organizations must also regularly conduct counseling sessions for their leaders to focus on the employee's development and well-being. Such attitudes positively enhance job performance and increase employees' trust. Consequently, employees reciprocate by developing loyalty with the organizations and the leaders.
Antecedents to Employee Engagement and Moderating Role of Climate for Innovation and Mediating Role of Employee Psychological Wellbeing
No full textEmployee engagement is necessary for the growth and sustainability of firms. Many past studies have used different antecedents of employee engagement, including commitment, psychological well-being, and other organizational-related outcomes. However, a few studies have examined the moderating effect of climate for innovation on ESMU and EE. Given its importance, we have developed a conceptual framework that examines the impact of ESMU, EPWB, and EC on EE and the effect of ESMU on EPW. The study also examined the moderating effect of CFI on ESMU and EE. The study has focused on Pakistan's textile sector; employment generation and contribution towards GDP are significantly higher than in other industries. Based on the data collected from the targeted textile sector and using smart PLS, we found the study supports all the hypotheses, aligning with the past literature. The study also documents employee SMU, EPWB, and EC promote EE. Employee SMU promotes EPWB. EPWB mediates ESMU and EE. CFI moderates ESMU and EE. The study increased the generalizability of Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory (1977), as our results support all the proposed hypotheses. We recommend firms must focus on creating an innovative environment. Employees suggest new ideas about new business processes and innovation in such an environment. New ideas may not always result in innovative products but may increase employee involvement and engagement. Many leading firms have made a policy in which all the employees have to give new ideas perpetually, producing good results. Textile firms in Pakistan may adopt and implement this policy. Therefore, we recommend firms must focus on creating an innovative environment. Employees suggest new ideas about new business processes and innovation in such an environment.
A Study on BI System: A Moderating Role of Organizational Learning
No full textOrganizational performance significantly depends on business intelligence. Business intelligence (BI) converts raw data into meaningful and useful information that managers use to make quick and improved assessments. Before implementing business intelligence in their firms, the manager must thoroughly evaluate it. Absorptive capacity (ACAP) and BI systems are closely related. We assessed the impact of the sub-dimensions of ACAP “acquisition, assimilation, transformation, and exploitation” on BI, Impact of BI on firm performance, and the moderating role of organizational learning. We adopted the quantitative method that comprises gathering secondary data from middle managers in Karachi’s banking industry and analyzing the data using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The study found the dimensions of ACAP “acquisition, assimilation, transformation, and exploitation” positively affect the BI system. The BI system promotes firm performance. We also found organizational learning insignificantly moderates BI and firm performance. Managers can use the model to determine which areas of their company need more development before making the major financial commitment toward the BI system and to determine whether their company is ready to adopt i
Perceived Organizational Support as an Antecedent of Knowledge Sharing Behaviors: Achieving Sustainability of Change Management Efforts
No full textKnowledge is the only way organizations gain sustainable competitive advantage in such a hyper-competitive era. Given its importance, the study examines the antecedents to tacit and explicit knowledge and the mediating role of psychological ownership. We have collected a sample of 157 using online Google forms and physically visiting the banks in certain cases. The study used Smart PLS for statistical analysis. Structural equation modeling was performed on Smart PLS for data analysis as the constructs are reflective. The study found that perceived organizational-support positively influences both dimensions of knowledge-sharing behavior – tacit and explicit knowledge. Psychological ownership positively “mediates perceived organizational support and explicit knowledge sharing.” However, we did not find support for the mediating role of psychological ownership between perceived organizational-support and tacit knowledge sharing. The study recommends the HR department must create awareness of the support it provides to employees. HR professionals must build an all-inclusive workplace culture that embodies organizational support. Furthermore, customized incentives such as extrinsic and intrinsic benefits can encourage employees to share knowledge
Impact of Servant Leadership on Employee Performance, with Mediating Effect of Trust and Moderating Effect of Culture: Evidence from the Banking Sector of Pakistan
No full textServant leadership is a developing leadership model in the global corporate world, especially in emerging markets such as Pakistan. It is important since servant leadership emphasizes follower-centric, altruist ethical and spiritual values. This study examines the relationship between servant leadership and employee performance with the mediating effect of trust and the moderating role of power distance. The sample size was 415, which we selected from the employees of the leading banks in Pakistan. The study adopted the scales and measures from the past studies. We used SPSS version 23 for statistical analysis, which included reliability and validity analysis and multiple regression. The analysis also includes mediated regression and moderation on SPSS. The study found that servant leadership and trust significantly affect job performance. At the same time, we found that power distance moderates servant leadership and trust. Organizations’ growth and sustainability depend on employees’ motivation and performance in this competitive world. Further, we found that trust mediates servant leadership and employee performance. Leaders in the organization develop a culture that encourages employees to give feedback and suggestions. Such an environment enhances employees’ trust and motivation, resulting in increased organizational performance
Antecedents to Firm Performance and the Moderating Role of Environment Turbulence
No full textInnovation is necessary for all industries' growth and sustainability, including the pharmaceutical sector. The study has focused on the pharmaceutical sector of Karachi to examine the impact of product, process, marketing, and organizational innovations on firm performance. It also examined the moderating role of environmental turbulence. The study collected a sample of 423 employees from the target firms. We found: "product innovation, process innovation, marketing innovation, and organizational innovation positively affect firm performance." We also found that (i) environmental turbulence moderates product innovation and firm performance, and (ii) environmental turbulence insignificantly moderates process innovation and firm performance. Past studies exhibit that innovation impacts business performance differently due to intensive competitive markets and environmental influence. Thus, to achieve high business performance, firms must focus on all the dimensions of innovation (i.e., product, process, marketing, and organization). Environmental turbulence, directly and indirectly, affects firm performance. Therefore, firms must deal with it adequately.