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Leaving A No-Risk 36 Percent Return On The Table: Supply Chain Finance Opportunities Managing Payables Discounts
Full text linkSupply chain management has traditionally emphasized managing the physical flow of parts and finished goods. The next natural evolutionary step is developing the management of supply chain finance across multiple trading partners. One of these opportunities requires investigation of managing payment discounts. Traditionally, suppliers offer a discount to buyers to encourage earlier payment. Terms such as 2/10 n/30 allow for a 2% discount if the entire purchase is paid in full within the 10-day discount period instead of the customary 30 days. This 2% payment reduction translates into the equivalent of an annual return of 36%, resulting in the traditional rule of thumb to take the discount whenever possible. For a variety of reasons, only a small percentage of buyers actually are capturing these high returns. There is a disconnect between trading partners for using discounts for managing working capital across the supply. This paper explores the beneficial impact of participating in early payment discount programs, potential reasons for failing to capture discounts and possible solutions and offers research questions to guide future research to aid in improving this supply chain finance opportunity
The Effect Of Corporate Governance And Corporate Strategy On Family Firm Performance In Indonesia
Full text linkThis paper analyzes the influence of corporate governance and corporate strategy on the performance of family owned or controlled firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The Corporate Governance proxy is Family Ownership and Independent Commissioner, and Corporate Strategy proxies are Diversification and Compensation Strategy of Directors. This study uses a sample of 70 companies that are family owned or controlled companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2014 to 2018. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression methods. The results of this study indicate that family ownership has a significant negative effect on company performance (ROE). While diversification and compensation strategy of directors have no effect, firm performance is measured by ROE
Profiling Goat Farm Enterprises Under The Prism Of Sustainability: The Role Of Financial Ratios, Socio-Demographic Characteristics And The Waste Management In Goat Enterprises
Full text linkSustainable livestock farming is a hot issue worldwide. Last decade there is an intense transformation that affect all aspects of the sector like economic, social and environmental. This transformation has to deal with the increasing market globalization, the changes in Common Agriculture Policy and the new social awareness in environmental issues. The aim of this study is to profile and classify goat farms according to their performance using farm-level data that concerns economic, social and environmental sustainability. A combination of multivariate analysis techniques, such as Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis were developed for the aggregation of synthetic indicators and for the creation of farm typologies. According to results, Greek goat farming achieves a low performance in almost all pillars of sustainability, but if the sector adopt sustainable practices there is the margin to become more elastic and competitive
EDITOR’S NOTE: Identifying An Education Research Study’s Limitations
Full text linkDiscipline-based science education research studies face many limitations. One is that study-participants are human beings and apt to be inconsistent in how they respond to educational interventions—even high quality and highly effective ones. The second is that researchers themselves are human and well poised to use study designs and data analysis approaches that yield the most desired results. In the end, simply having “too small a sample size” is a short-sighted limitation. It is author’s intellectually pursuing the full range of possible limitations of a study that new insights and new experimental designs can be intellectually created. The discussion of limitations should bring forth ideas and next steps pathways for researchers to follow, making articles more of a conversation and intellectual stimulation of a research trajectory rather than an abrupt ending to a study
Optimal Fleet Size And Mix For A Rental Car Company
Full text linkIn this paper, a linear programming model for optimizing the fleet size and mix for a rental car company is developed and solved. Rental car companies depend on their fleet of vehicles for generating the entirety of their income. Additionally, the investments required are typically very significant due to the high cost of vehicles. Consequently, the composition of the fleet could significantly affect the company’s profitability and sustainability in a volatile demand environment. Determining the optimal fleet size and mix has been the focus of research in particular in revenue and yield management and VRP streams. However, most models focused on cost minimization without taking into account the resale value of vehicles once retired from the fleet. This paper addresses the problem from a return maximization perspective while taking into account resale values of vehicles. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to gain further insight into the problem and enable the model to support the company’s management in refining the strategic plan
Time-Newsweek Cover Story Game
Full text linkDixit and Nalebuff (1991) provided a simple example of how Time and Newsweek compete with each other through their cover story decisions. This paper goes beyond this example to specify the conditions under which the two competing magazines (Time and Newsweek) issue the same or different cover stories. The main result of this paper can be described as follows. The difference in relative market power and relative market size of story A to story B are critical in determining the cover story decision (business strategy). If the market size of potential story A relative to story B is sufficiently large, then both magazines may issue the same cover story. However, if the market size of potential story A relative to story B is not large enough, the relative market power (rather than the relative market size) becomes more relevant and both magazines may issue different cover stories. This paper provides empirical evidence that supports our hypothesis and shows how our finding is related to Hotelling’s paradox
Establishing A Consensus Of Geology Concepts Using U.S. National Science Education Reform Documents
Full text linkAn important practice of science teachers and science teacher educators is identifying standards and learning objectives before developing curriculum, instructional materials, and assessments. In the Earth sciences, determining a consensus of learning targets from the multiple national reform documents to provide direction to Earth science educators at the K-12 and post-secondary level has proven to be ambiguous. In this study, the purpose was to identify the core ideas that are taught in an introductory geology course and that students would know. Using a simple random sampling scheme, 134 geology educators, which we refer to as content experts, working at the collegiate level across the United States were surveyed to review and provide feedback on the following current national standards reform documents: 1) Next Generation Science Standards; 2) Earth Science Literacy Principles; 3) National Science Education Standards; and 4) Benchmarks for Scientific Literacy. With a 29.9% response rate, 11 core ideas of geology were identified by the geology educators. Additionally, national reform documents and the top reviewed state science standards were used to verify the 11 core ideas. The final product is a consensus document that provides the 11 core ideas proposed by a consensus of four national reform standards documents, content experts (geologists and geology educators), and the top state science standards
Pooled Testing: Determining The Optimum Pool Size To Minimize The Total Number Of Tests
Full text linkIn light of the rapidly spreading COVID-19 virus, the FDA has suggested pooling of samples in order to reduce the cost of testing a large population. Under this approach, several samples are pooled, and the pooled samples are first tested. If the pool tests negative, then the lab would have successfully tested many samples while consuming only the resources needed for a single test. If the pooled sample tests positive, then each sample that comprised the pool is individually tested. In this context, an important question for people in the field is “Given a certain overall infection rate among the population, what is the optimum pool size so that we can minimize the overall number of tests for a given number of individual samples?” In this paper, we derive this number both empirically and analytically. We also address the related question “Given a certain pool size, what is the maximum infection rate for which we can still gain in terms of the number of tests?
International Evidence On Currency Adjusted Stock Indexes
Full text linkRecent literature examines currency value adjusted indexes. The extant research examines U.S. stock indexes as adjusted for the value of the U.S. dollar and the value of gold. The literature examines only U.S. stock indexes. This paper extends the existing literature by examining currency adjusted stock indexes from eight countries. The analysis includes daily closing data from 1993-2016. The results show that currency adjusted indexes produce significantly different return distributions than original indexes. Further, currency value changes explain as much as 31 percent of total wealth changes, a result substantially higher than previously reported for U.S. currency adjusted indexes. The combined evidence indicates that currency value changes impact total wealth changes more for international indexes than for U.S. indexes.
 
Bank Capital Adequacy: The Impact Of Fundamental And Regulatory Factors In A Developing Country
Full text linkThis paper provides evidence that the overcapitalized banks are much more sensitive to fundamental factors rather than to the regulatory requirements such the Basle’s Accord requirements, which raises the question of whether Basel’s limits are sufficient to minimize financial crises. Also, keeping buffers against falling below the minimum requirements appear to be of second order importance. Three fundamental factors affect capital adequacy in Jordan; risk, return and activity. Risk indicators drive the capital adequacy ratios downward. Return on average assets (ROAA) has the biggest impact among all factors, banks fuel their capital internally following the pecking order theory, and they also raise capital whenever their activities (loan to asset ratio) improve. Return on average equity (ROAE) is a cost factor; banks avoid issuing capital whenever cost of common equity is high. This paper also provides evidence that systematically important banks hold less capital, a sign of moral hazard