Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law (MJSL)
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THE EXISTENCE OF NAGARI IN WEST SUMATRA ON STATE POLICY HEGEMONY
Full text linkThe Minangkabau community in West Sumatra employs a social system referred to as nagari. The term nagari should be defined to describe an administrative body that serves the lowest level of government bureaucratic duties in West Sumatra. The Dutch East Indies attempted to colonize Nagari, and as a result, the system of government encountered a number of transformations. The nagari faced different attitudes in each government regime during the independence era, which was similar to what occurred then. This research investigates Nagari’s dynamics and existence in state legal systems. This paper juxtaposes the official postures of different governments concerning the existence of Nagari. It is noteworthy that Nagari not only has at the grassroots level of governance but also functions as an institutionalization of the significance of interpersonal connections within the Minangkabau social order. This research utilizes an applied socio-legal methodology to examine the configuration of state law and its consequences for Nagari as a legal subject. The research findings indicate that Nagari, which represents the institutionalization of the Minangkabau social order, has undergone bureaucratization and instrumentalization since the colonial period. The bureaucratization of the Nagari has left a major trauma for Minangkabau political authority which is reflected in the structure and organization of the Nagari. The understanding of Nagari within the Minangkabau community has been impacted by the influence and dominance of governmental policies, resulting in challenges for rapid progress in reconstruction endeavors. The state must reduce domination and hegemony over the nagari in the process of establishing regulations governing the nagari
INTERDISCIPLINARY INSIGHTS INTO SYARIAH AND LEGAL DISCOURSE: NAVIGATING CRITICAL DIMENSIONS, CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES, AND GLOBAL IMPACT
Full text linkThe Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law (MJSL) Volume 11, Issue 2 for 2023, presents a diverse collection of sixteen articles that explore various dimensions of Syariah and Law. This issue features sixteen diverse articles traversing critical dimensions within the domains of Syariah and Law. The illuminating scholarship inquiries into conflicts surrounding land development legislation in Malaysia as a case study, intersections between self-determination and terrorism under international law, innovative Islamic financing mechanisms, preventative health policies in religious institutions, issues impacting the elderly, variations in Shariah governance models, dynamics shaping traditional governance structures, legal and political considerations around foreign investments, extremism affecting the Islamic community and ethical foundations guiding the Islamic finance industry. The Commentaries section discusses specific issues within the focus towards leveraging Islamic finance principles for poverty alleviation, the constitutionality of Section 498 of the Penal Code at the intersection of Islamic teachings, personal law, and morality in Malaysia and emerging technologies to transform intellectual property security. Collectively, these articles underscore MJSL’s emergence as a leading platform for discourse surrounding Islamic jurisprudence, legislation, finance, ethics and contemporary challenges at the intersection of syariah and law. These articles collectively contribute to a global perspective on legal discourse, reflecting MJSL\u27s commitment to high editorial standards and impactful research dissemination. The inclusion of MJSL in Scopus beginning in July 2023, with content retrospective to 2019, signifies a significant milestone that emphasizes the journal\u27s worldwide significance and dedication to academic distinction
التدابير الوقائية المتعلقة بالمساجد للحد من انتشار وباء كورنا: دراسة في ضوء مقاصد نظام الحكم في الإسلام: PREVENTIVE MEASURES RELATED TO MOSQUES TO LIMIT THE SPREAD OF COVID-19: A STUDY FROM MAQASID SYARIAH PERSPECTIVE FOR GOVERNANCE SYSTEM
No full textMosque has fundamental role to social order in achieving the preservation of the Ummah’s order, as the main objective of Islamic legislation. To preserve the Governance of the Ummah from concussion, and to control the behavior of individuals. This study clarifies the opinion of the objectives of the Islamic governance system, regarding the precautionary measures that were codified during the Covid-19 pandemic. In order to prevent the spread of the pandemic, as it has changed the usual system of masjids since it’s legislation inception, in addition to imposing penalties on violators of those precautionary measures. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the masjids matters and the shari’ah objective of preserving the Ummah governance system through the study of cataclysm emerging of Siyasah Shar‘iyyah. It also aimed to highlight that community affairs related to it, which preoccupied a group of scholars with experiences in this specific prominent matter. The researcher used the descriptive analytical approach to identify the dimensions of the emerging decisions that changed the rulings of masjids, and then analyzed those measures in the light of the objectives Islamic ruling system, and according to the legal jurisdiction set by scholars of the Laws of Islamic Governance. The study concluded with results, that it is the duty to undertake the management of the masjid affairs in any country and continuum times, especially looking into their cataclysm that involve the task of the ruler and authorities, to ensure the stability of a balanced system that serves the legal maxim and objectives of Islamic Shari’ah Law without contradicting its legislative principles. Furthermore, the interest of changing the ruling system of masjids which aimed to limit the spread of any epidemic; In a way that achieves the interest of preserving human lives supported by legal maxims of Sharia law and rational legitimacy.
ملخّص البحث
نظام المساجد والجوامع نظام اجتماعي له دور أساسي وكبير في تحقيق حفظ نظام الأمة العام الذي هو المقصود العام من التشريع الإسلامي، فشأنُها شأنُ كلّ قضية تساس بتدابير سلطانية وقوانين يضعها ذوو الشأن العام في كلّ بلد؛ لحفظ نظام الأمة من الارتجاج، ولضبط سلوك الأفراد والجماعات. تأتي هذه الدراسة لبيان رأي مقاصد نظام الحكم في الإسلام حيال التدابير الاحترازية التي استُشكلتْ إبّان جائحة كورونا؛ وقايةً من انتشار الوباء، حيث إنّها غيّرتْ نظام المساجد والجوامع المعهود منذ فجر تشريعها، إضافة إلى فرض عقوبات على مخالفي تلك التدابير الاحترازية. فهدفت هذه الدراسة إلى توضيح علاقة قضايا المساجد بمقصد حفظ النظام العام للأنام، وعلاقة أبعادها الاجتماعية بالأحكام السلطانية من خلال دراسة بعض مستجدات ونوازل السياسة الشرعية في تلك الفترة. كما هدفت إلى تسليط الضوء على أن قضايا المجتمع والمسائل المتعلقة به مشغلةُ ثلّة من العلماء ذوي التجارب في عظائم الأمور فقط. وسلك الباحث في هذه الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي من أجل تحديد أبعاد القرارات المستجدة التي غيّرت نظام المساجد والجوامع المعهود، ومن ثمّ تحليل تلك التدابير في ضوء مقاصد نظام الحكم في الإسلام، ووفق الضوابط الشرعية التي وضعها علماء السياسة الشرعية والأحكام السلطانية. وخلصت الدراسة إلى نتائج أهمّها: أنّ واجب القيام بتدبير قضايا المساجد والجوامع في أي بلد وفي أي عصر، ولا سيّما النظر في مستجداتها المشتبكة مهمّة الحاكم وأهل الحل والعقد معه فقط، أو من في حكمهم؛ لضمان قيام نظام متّزن يخدم حِكم الشريعة الإسلامية ومقاصدها، ولا يتعارض مع أصولها التشريعية. وأنّ مصلحة تغيير نظام المساجد والجوامع للحد من انتشار أي وباء؛ بما يحقّق مصلحة حفظ الأنفس البشرية ممّا تؤيده كليّات الشريعة المعتبرة شرعًا وعقلًا.Mosques play a pivotal role in maintaining social order, serving as a cornerstone for upholding the unity and stability of the Ummah, which is the primary objective of Islamic legislation. They serve as guardians of the ummah\u27s leadership against unforeseen disruptions and help regulate individual behavior. This study seeks to elucidate the Islamic system of governance\u27s objectives concerning the precautionary measures instituted during the COVID-19 pandemic. These measures aim to curb the pandemic\u27s spread, necessitating changes in the traditional mosque practices and imposing penalties for violations. The primary aim of this study is to establish the intricate connection between mosque management and Shariah\u27s overarching goal of preserving the Ummah\u27s governance structure, all within the context of the challenges posed by Siyasah Shar‘iyyah. Moreover, this research endeavors to shed light on the community-related issues that have been addressed by a select group of scholars with expertise in this critical domain. The study\u27s conclusion underscores the crucial responsibility entrusted to rulers and authorities in managing mosque affairs, regardless of the country or era, especially when faced with crises that demand the preservation of a well-balanced system aligned with the legal maxims and objectives of Shariah, without compromising its foundational principles. Furthermore, it highlights the imperative of adapting mosque governance to address the exigencies of limiting the spread of epidemics in a manner that aligns with the principles of Shariah and rational legitimacy, ultimately serving the greater good of safeguarding human lives. This study explores the role of mosques in maintaining social order and addressing COVID-19 precautions, bridging disciplines like religious studies and public health. It emphasizes the global relevance of adapting mosque governance to preserve both Islamic principles and public health during crises, offering valuable insights to academic communities worldwide.
ملخّص البحث
نظام المساجد والجوامع نظام اجتماعي له دور أساسي وكبير في تحقيق حفظ نظام الأمة العام الذي هو المقصود العام من التشريع الإسلامي، فشأنُها شأنُ كلّ قضية تساس بتدابير سلطانية وقوانين يضعها ذوو الشأن العام في كلّ بلد؛ لحفظ نظام الأمة من الارتجاج، ولضبط سلوك الأفراد والجماعات. تأتي هذه الدراسة لبيان رأي مقاصد نظام الحكم في الإسلام حيال التدابير الاحترازية التي استُشكلتْ إبّان جائحة كورونا؛ وقايةً من انتشار الوباء، حيث إنّها غيّرتْ نظام المساجد والجوامع المعهود منذ فجر تشريعها، إضافة إلى فرض عقوبات على مخالفي تلك التدابير الاحترازية. فهدفت هذه الدراسة إلى توضيح علاقة قضايا المساجد بمقصد حفظ النظام العام للأنام، وعلاقة أبعادها الاجتماعية بالأحكام السلطانية من خلال دراسة بعض مستجدات ونوازل السياسة الشرعية في تلك الفترة. كما هدفت إلى تسليط الضوء على أن قضايا المجتمع والمسائل المتعلقة به مشغلةُ ثلّة من العلماء ذوي التجارب في عظائم الأمور فقط. وسلك الباحث في هذه الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي من أجل تحديد أبعاد القرارات المستجدة التي غيّرت نظام المساجد والجوامع المعهود، ومن ثمّ تحليل تلك التدابير في ضوء مقاصد نظام الحكم في الإسلام، ووفق الضوابط الشرعية التي وضعها علماء السياسة الشرعية والأحكام السلطانية. وخلصت الدراسة إلى نتائج أهمّها: أنّ واجب القيام بتدبير قضايا المساجد والجوامع في أي بلد وفي أي عصر، ولا سيّما النظر في مستجداتها المشتبكة مهمّة الحاكم وأهل الحل والعقد معه فقط، أو من في حكمهم؛ لضمان قيام نظام متّزن يخدم حِكم الشريعة الإسلامية ومقاصدها، ولا يتعارض مع أصولها التشريعية. وأنّ مصلحة تغيير نظام المساجد والجوامع للحد من انتشار أي وباء؛ بما يحقّق مصلحة حفظ الأنفس البشرية ممّا تؤيده كليّات الشريعة المعتبرة شرعًا وعقلًا
PENGESAHAN ANAK TAK SAH TARAF - PROTOKOL PENGAJARAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN PERUNDANGAN SYARIAH MENGGUNAKAN METODE KAJIAN KES: VERIFICATION OF ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN - SHARIAH LAW TEACHING AND LEARNING PROTOCOL USING CASE STUDY METHOD
Full text linkThe issue of verifying the status of children is a recurring topic within the community. Unfortunately, amidst the numerous daily issues that arise, this particular matter tends to be overlooked. While it was previously a prominent subject of discussion across different societal levels, it has been overshadowed by subsequent concerns. One contributing factor to this is the absence of a definitive ruling from an authoritative religious body in Malaysia. Additionally, disagreements among scholars on this matter persist, compounded by the fact that religious affairs fall under the jurisdiction of the Sultan, the King, and the States as stipulated in Article 3(2) of the Federal Constitution and the Eighth Schedule II of the same Act. This study adopts a problem-based learning approach commonly employed in Shariah lectures. Its objectives encompass cultivating critical thinking among law pupils/students to objectively identify problems, generate solutions, and subsequently justify those solutions. Throughout this process, students are encouraged to explore various methods of data collection and analysis, thereby comprehending and analyzing the study\u27s underlying concepts. The analytical techniques employed encompass descriptive, deductive, inductive, and comparative analysis. The outcomes of this systematic problem-solving process facilitate a comprehensive understanding of legal issues, thereby contributing to the development of law students\u27 skills, particularly in Shariah, when confronted with similar cases. This study suggests the application of a case study-based approach, similar to the one employed here, to other relevant cases. By doing so, the skills of law pupils/students, particularly in the field of Shariah, can be enhanced, leading to more effective learning and teaching processes.
Abstrak
Isu pengesahan taraf anak adalah antara isu yang sentiasa menjadi perbincangan dalam kalangan masyarakat. Walau bagaimanapun pun isu ini tenggelam timbul di tengah berbagai-bagai isu yang datang setiap hari. Sekejap ia menjadi isu yang panas sehingga dibincangkan dalam pelbagai peringkat masyarakat, namun ada ketikanya ia tenggelam dibawa arus oleh isu-isu lain yang datang kemudian. Salah satu puncanya ialah kerana belum ada satu kata putus yang tuntas dari badan agama yang berautoriti di Malaysia. Tidak dapat dinafikan antara sebab perkara ini berlaku adalah kerana wujud perbezaan pandangan dalam kalangan ulama berkaitan isu ini di samping urusan agama adalah terletak di bawah bidang kuasa sultan, raja dan negeri-negeri seperti yang termaktub dalam Perkara 3 (2) Perlembagaan Persekutuan dan jadual kelapan senarai II dalam undang-undang yang sama. Makalah ini ditulis sebagai sebahagian dari kaedah pengajaran dan pembelajaran berasaskan masalah (problem-based learning) yang dijalankan di dalam kelas perundangan Syariah. Tujuan kajian ialah mengasah pemikiran pelajar undang-undang dalam mengenal pasti masalah secara objektif, menyediakan jawapan kepada masalah yang dihadapi dan akhirnya mewajarkan penyelesaian masalah yang dibuat. Dalam proses ini pelajar digalakkan meneroka pelbagai metode pengumpulan dan analisis data dalam memahami konsep, mencerna dan menganalisis kajian. Antara metode analisis yang digunakan ialah analisis deskriptif, deduktif, induktif dan perbandingan. Hasil proses ini membolehkan pelajar boleh memahami dengan jelas proses penyelesaian masalah secara sistematik. Ia seterusnya memberi impak kepada penyelesaian masalah berkaitan perundangan dengan lebih terperinci, jelas dan sistematik sekali gus menyumbang kepada peningkatan tahap kemahiran pelajar undang-undang khususnya Syariah dalam menyelesaikan sesuatu kes. Makalah ini mencadangkan agar proses pembelajaran dan pengajaran berasaskan kajian kes seperti ini diadaptasikan kepada kes-kes lain yang berkaitan agar kemahiran tersebut dapat diterapkan kepada pelajar undang-undang khasnya dalam bidang Syariah
التكافل الاجتماعي في الإسلام: دراسة مقارنة مع الأنظمة الاقتصادية المعاصرة: TAKAFUL AL-IJTIMA\u27I IN ISLAM: A COMPARATIVE STUDY WITH CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
No full textThe topic of takaful al-ijtima\u27i (social protection) and social security that include individuals, groups and institutions are very important, especially in times of adversity and crises. Islam promotes cooperation and solidarity among Muslims to the fact that it regards them as a body of a person that if a few parts of the body ache, the whole body aches. In the face of the Covid-19 pandemic, we have seen how the countries were affected where the economies collapsed, companies went bankrupt, and the unemployment rate increased. This is not to mention the billions of Dollars that have been spent as stimulus packages to help companies and individuals. Therefore, it is worthwhile to investigate the extent to which takaful and social security comply with Islamic and contemporary economic principles. Also, the study attempts to explore what are the solutions offered by Islam and the economy to deal with the crises. Social security in Islam is different to that of the conventional economy in several aspects, among others conventional social protection (insurance) is man-made and limited to the material aspect, and is not based on conscience, mercy and generosity. It is based on man-made law that the obligation of which is compulsorily enforced on everyone. Conventional protection also is only provided to the policyholders, imposed with several charges and compounding penalties in case of default. In Islam, protection is given to the needy through Baitul Mal where it is provided without expecting reciprocity or return. Therefore, Islam orders those who have a surplus of money to give some parts to those who are in deficit (the needy).
ملخص البحث
فإنَّ موضوع التكافل أو التضامن الاجتماعي، ووقوف الناس مع بعضهم البعض أفراداً وجماعات ومؤسسات، من الأمور المهمة للغاية، لاسيما في أوقات الشدائد والجوائح والأزمات، وقد حث الإسلام على التعاون والتعاضد والتكاتف فيما بين المسلمين، حتى إنه اعتبرهم كالجسد الواحد الذي إذا اشتكى منه عضو تداعى له سائر الأعضاء بالحمى والسهر، وحتى جاء الوعيد الشديد بالويل والثبور لمن يمنع الماعون عن جاره أو من يطلب استعارته لحاجته له، وجاء نفي كمال الإيمان عمَّن بات شبعان وجاره جائع وهو يعلم، وعشرات النصوص التي جاء بها الإسلام في الحث على البذل والعطاء والجود والإيثار وقضاء حوائج المحتاجين، وكفالة الأرامل والأيتام والمعوذين، وشرع في سبيل ذلك الزكاة وأوجبها، كما أوجب نفقة القريب المحتاج على قريبه من الأغنياء، وشرع الوقف، وشرع الكفارات المالية بأنواعها، وأوجب على الدولة المسلمة رعاية الفقراء والمحتاجين والمعوزين؛ كل ذلك يدلنا على أهمية هذا الموضوع، وشدة الحاجة إليه، وأثره في التخفيف عن الناس ورحمتهم وتحقيق الأمن والاستقرار الاجتماعي فيما بينهم. وقد رأينا في ظل جائحة كورونا كيف تضررت دول بكاملها، وكيف انهارت اقتصادات، وأفلست شركات، وسُرِّح مئات الآلاف من وظائفهم، وجاءت الدول الكبرى تضخ المليارات والتريليونات كحزم تحفيز اقتصادية تساعد بها الشركات والمؤسسات والأفراد والأسر. كل ذلك وغيره، يدفعنا إلى دراسة موضوع التكافل والضمان الاجتماعي دراسة شرعية تأصيلية مقارنة بين تعاليم الإسلام وما ورد في الاقتصادات المعاصرة، وكيف تعاملت تلك الاقتصادات مع الموضوع، وكيف عالجه الإسلام. يختلف الضمان الاجتماعي في الاقتصاد الوضعي - اشتراكياً كان أو رأسمالياً - عنه في الاقتصاد الإسلامي، من عدة أوجه، أهمها: أن الضمان الاجتماعي في الاقتصاد الوضعي من صنع البشر، وهو مقصورٌ على الناحية المادية فقط، ولا يستند إلى ضمير الشخص وعطفه وكرمه، إنما يستند إلى القانون الذي يُفرَض التزامه على الجميع بالقوة، كما أنه مقصورٌ على الأفراد أو الجماعات الذين هم مُسجَّلون فيه، والذين تنطبق عليهم شروطه، وهو ليس مجانياً وإنما يأتي في مقابل ما يؤخذ من الشعوب، من أنواع الضرائب المختلفة، والتي تزيد أضعافاً على ما يُعطى لتلك الشعوب، بينما نجد الإسلام يكفل المحتاجين من بيت المال، ويقدّم لهم المساعدة دون أن يطالبهم بالعمل في مقابل ذلك - مادام المحتاج عاجزاً حسَّاً أو معنى -، ودون أن يدفعوا اشتراكاً مادياً مقابل ما يقدم لهم من خدمات، بل يعتبر الإسلامُ المحتاج شريكاً للغني أو مقاسماً له في جزء من ماله، وهي الزكوات والصدقات والتبرعات، والمحتاج في الإسلام يأخذ المال وهو عزيز النفس لا يستذل ولا يهان من أجل سدّ حاجته، وهذا الأمر مما تميَّز به الإسلام.
الهدي والأضاحي بين الماضي والحاضر ودورها في تحقيق مقاصد الحج الكبرى: REVISITING Al-HADYU AND Al-UDHIYYAH SACRIFICE RITUALS: UNVEILING THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN RELATION TO THE MAJOR OBJECTIVES OF THE HAJJ PILGRIMAGE
Full text linkThis comprehensive study examines al-hadyu and al-udhiyyah sacrifice rituals within the framework of the major objectives of the Hajj tradition. The research aims to shed light on the profound role these rituals play in Islam, transforming them from a symbol of showmanship, association, and arrogance during the era of Jahiliyya (pre-Islamic period of ignorance) into a manifestation of monotheism, gratitude, and remembrance of the Creator. Employing a meticulous research methodology, this study explores the historical context surrounding al-hadyu and al-udhiyyah rituals, analyzing their evolution and transformation under the influence of Islam. The researcher highlights the authentic scriptural references from the holy Quran and Sunnah, emphasizing the rituals\u27 significance and their role in shaping the ethical and theological identity of Muslims. Additionally, the study underscores their contribution to the cultivation of virtuous manners that uplift individual spirits and foster self-dignity, ultimately contributing to the establishment of a peaceful, stable, and secure society. Furthermore, this research brings attention to recent civilizational advancements in the execution of these rituals, particularly exemplified by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia\u27s initiative to harness the potential of al-hadyu and al-udhiyyah rituals. The study examines the impact of this initiative on achieving the objectives of Shari\u27a (Islamic law) and its vital role in preserving the sanctity of places of worship, ensuring their cleanliness, and safeguarding them against harm and corruption. The research is structured into an introduction, three sections covering the historical context, the significance of the rituals, and their impact on social cohesion, and a conclusion summarizing the findings. The outcomes of this study hold significant implications for the international community, as it contributes to a deeper understanding of the transformative power of religious rituals in fostering unity, cooperation, and the promotion of noble values across cultures and societies.
ملخص البحث
يتناول هذا البحث دراسة نسك الهدي والأضحية في الماضي والحاضر في ضوء مقاصد الحج الكبرى، وقد بين الباحث فيه النقلة الكبيرة التي حققها الإسلام في أداء نسك الهدي والأضحية، فبعد أن كانت العرب في الجاهلية تمارس إراقة دماء الأنعام لتجعل منها مظهرا من مظاهر الشرك والفخر والكبر، تحول في ظل الإسلام إلى مظهر من مظاهر التوحيد والذكر والشكر، وبعد أن كان صورة من صور تعطيل الطاقات وتبديد الثروات وتضييع الأموال،أصبح في ظل الإسلام صور من صور التكافل الاجتماعي والتعاون الإنساني والتضامن في ميادين الخير والصلاح وإغاثة الفقراء وأصحاب الحاجات والمعوزين. وقد استحضر الباحث النصوص الشرعية من القرآن الكريم والسنة المطهرة التي تحدثت عن هذا النسك العظيم وعمد إلى إبراز معانيها التشريعية ودلالاتها المقاصدية وآثارها في صياغة الشخصية الإيمانية والأخلاقية للمسلم، ودور هذا النسك في غرس القيم والأخلاق الكريمة التي ترتقي بشخصية المسلم وروحه وقلبه، كما ترتقي بحياة المجتمع، وتحقيق سلمه، وأمنه، واستقراره. وتناول البحث الإنجاز الحضاري المعاصر في أداء نسك الهدي والأضحية والمتمثل في مشروع الإفادة من الهدي والأضاحي، وقدرة هذا المشروع على تحقيق المقاصد الشرعية للهدي والأضاحي وأثره العظيم في ترسيخ قيم التكافل الاجتماعي بين المسلمين ودوره في تعظيم شعائر الله بحفاظه على نظافة البلد الأمين وصيانته من الأذى والفساد. يتكون هذا البحث من مقدمة، وثلاثة أقسام تتناول السياق التاريخي لهذا النوع من العبادات، أهميتها، وتأثيرها على التماسك الاجتماعي، وخاتمة تلخص فيها نتائج البحث. ومن هذه النتائج ، أن دراسة هذا الموضوع لها آثار كبيرة على المجتمع الدولي، لأنها تساهم في فهم أعمق للقوة التحويلية لهذه العبادات خاصة في تعزيز الوحدة والتعاون وتقوية القيم النبيلة عبر الثقافات والمجتمعات
CULTURED MEAT: AN APPRAISAL FROM THE FIQH AND SUFI VIEWS OF MUSLIM SCHOLARS
Full text linkMeat comprises of important nutrients for human body. As population of human increases, the demand for meat also keeps increasing. Therefore, a new alternative is introduced by inventing a cultured meat obtained from the outer side of the animal\u27s body and became the rumours in the 1930s. In spite of that, the idea of cultured meat invention was only realized in 2013 by a Dutch scientist which was invented a burger-shaped cultured beef. However, this invention did not exist in the time of the Prophet, his companions and the tābi\u27īn and it becomes a polemic among the Muslim community regarding of its halal status nowadays. The existence of cultured meat in the current society needs a clear explanation and procedure in fiqh because it is one of the new discoveries in food industry. This study is important as to provide a good understanding and new knowledge to the Muslim society. A clear fiqh approaches will give guidelines to the society whether considering it as a staple or alternative diet. Otherwise, they may avoid to consume cultured meat product as a precaution from haram and uncertainty (shubhah) and also may ensure of the purity of soul abreast with the main objective in sufism’s live. This study used qualitative descriptive research method by analyzing some previous studies as secondary sources that have been recorded elsewhere, processed, printed and disseminated to the public. The results found that cultured meat is a new discovery in Malaysia. Although the original law for this cultured meat is halal law, if it does not meet the shariah principles and criteria, it is considered haram. This review paper highlights on the halal status of cultured meat from fiqh and sufism in terms of the transformative form of Allah’s creation. Based on the primary sources of fiqh and sufism, the status of cultured meat is considered halal provided if in the condition of shortage of meat is affected the needs of population and also it causes no harm to people to consume as to enhance the prosperity of human beings. Further research must also be done to verify that it is also tayyiban and fulfils the maqasid in Islamic nutrition and the effects of consumption to consumers
CONTEXTUALISATION OF AL-MAQASID AL-KULLIYAT ACCORDING TO THE OBJECTIVES OF THE INDIVIDUAL, FAMILY, SOCIETY AND HUMANITY: AN ANALYSIS ON JAMALUDDIN ATHIYAH’S PERSPECTIVES
Full text linkKnowledge constantly evolves to address increasingly complex questions posed by society. Similarly, maqasid al-syariah, a theory continuously developed by experts, seeks to meet these challenges. One such expert is Jamaluddin ‘Athiyah, a scholar who has contributed to the advancement of maqasid built upon the foundation of classical and early contemporary ideas. This qualitative study employs a literary approach by utilising content analysis to analyse the collected data. The findings reveal that Jamaluddin ‘Athiyah’s conceptualisation of maqasid differs from previous perspectives. Noteworthy discussions in his theory include the role of human cognition and the position of illah in the process of determining maqasid al-syariah. Ultimately, he introduces a framework referred to as the "wiggle room" or "area of analysis”, which expands the initial four maqasid into 24 distinct objectives. This study\u27s contribution to international scholars in the field lies in its comprehensive analysis of Jamaluddin ‘Athiyah’s maqasid framework and its divergence from traditional interpretations. By shedding light on these novel perspectives, it enriches the existing scholarly discourse on maqasid al-syariah and opens up new avenues for further research and exploration. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for researchers, academics, and practitioners seeking a deeper understanding of maqasid al-syariah and its practical applications in contemporary contexts. This study offers the following recommendations that It is crucial to thoroughly understand Jamaluddin Athiyah\u27s clarifications on identifying the main purposes (maqasid) within the theory. The specification of the five maqasid is an exceptional achievement that demonstrates foresight and meticulous thinking. However, further analysis is needed to address any potential overlapping theories and ensure the completeness of this classification.Ilmu pengetahuan senantiasa dikembangkan dalam rangka menjawab problematika umat yang kian kompleks. Tidak terkecuali maqashid al syariah yang merupakan salah satu dari teori yang tiada henti dikembangkan oleh para pakar. Jamaluddin ‘Athiyah merupakan salah seorang tokoh maqashid kontemporer yang juga mengembangkan teori maqashid setelah sebelumnya dibangun oleh pemikir klasik dan kontemporer awal. Bangunan maqashid yang digagasnya tidak sama dengan gagasan yang ditorehkan sebelumnya. Mulai dari proses penetapan maqashid al syariah, kontribusi akal manusia, posisi illah dalam menetapkan maqashid menjadi perbincangan menarik dalam bangunan teori Jamaluddin Athiyah hingga akhirnya menggagas 24 maqashid yang sebelumnya hanya 4 maqashid ke dalam bingkai yang disebutnya dengan ruang gera
EXPANDING HORIZONS IN SYARIAH AND LAW SCHOLARSHIP: INSIGHTS FROM THE MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF SYARIAH AND LAW
Full text linkVolume 11, Issue 1 (2023) of the Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law (MJSL) showcases a diverse collection of articles and case studies that make significant contributions to the international scholarly community. The articles delve into crucial topics such as the treatment of uncontrollable children, offering a comparative analysis of international and Malaysian legal frameworks. Another article examines cultured meat through the lenses of fiqh and Sufism, providing valuable insights into its compatibility with Islamic principles. The study on punitive labor in Oman analyzes its application within the Omani legal system, considering its alignment with international standards. Additionally, the volume addresses the challenges of controlling territorial borders during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on maritime areas. The use of gelatin in halal pharmaceutical products is explored, ensuring compliance with Islamic dietary regulations. The volume also includes studies on the application of non-ratified international treaties, offering new perspectives on their judicial implementation. Furthermore, the contextualization of Maqasid al-Shariah according to the objectives of the individual, family, society, and humanity is thoroughly examined. A comparative analysis of social solidarity in Islam and contemporary economic systems contributes to the discourse on economic justice. The case studies within this volume provide insights into the constitutional position of the continental shelf in Malaysia, shedding light on the legal provisions and implications surrounding its resources. Additionally, protocols for validating the status of illegitimate children in Syariah law are presented, offering valuable guidance in teaching and learning approaches for this area of study. Lastly, an intellectual dialogue with an esteemed professor in peace and conflict studies enriches the scholarly conversation. A book review on advancing the legal status of women in Islamic law provides critical insights into this significant subject. The contributions within this volume deepen our understanding of these topics, stimulate further scholarly exploration, and foster the advancement of knowledge in the field of Syariah and Law
CASH WAQF LINKED DINFRA (CWL-FRA) AS WAQF INNOVATION MODEL INTEGRATED WITH INFRASTRUCTURE INSTRUMENT FOR NATIONAL ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND SUSTAINABILITY
Full text linkCWL-FRA; Cash Waqf; DINFRA; Economy Recovery.Cash waqf is a form of contemporary waqf that has great potential in the modern world. In Indonesia, despite its potential of 180 trillion per year, cash waqf collection, management, and distribution are not optimal. Nonetheless, the infrastructure sector in Indonesia faces obstacles, particularly in terms of funding. The innovation of the CWLFRA (Cash Waqf Linked DINFRA) model is, therefore, a solution to these two issues, as the proposed model is the result of an integration between efforts to optimize cash waqf and infrastructure financing via the Infrastructure Investment Fund (DINFRA). In this CWL-FRA innovation, waqf funds will be allocated to the mauquf \u27alaih from the profits of infrastructure investment funds, which will become a source of long-term usable assets. As a result, the purpose of this academic paper is to develop a model capable of bolstering the ecosystem of Islamic social financial institutions and maximizing the potential achievement of cash waqf in Indonesia as a means of implementing sustainable finance and an effective instrument in reviving national economy through infrastructure development. In addition, this study seeks to determine the viability of the potential for developing the productivity of cash waqf in an effort to increase the effectiveness of achieving cash waqf to support economic sustainability with infrastructure potential. Nine respondents representing academicians and expert practitioners from both the waqf and infrastructure sectors filled out questionnaires to collect data. According to the results of the Delphi test, all respondents believed that there was a relationship between the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) indicators, indicating that this model is implementable. Moreover, based on the level of agreement of respondents, this model has the potential to contribute positively to national economic recovery, become a sustainable source of social funds, optimize the potential of waqf in Indonesia, strengthen the ecosystem of waqf social finance institutions, and improve the quality of management and maintenance of Indonesia\u27s infrastructure. These findings demonstrate that integrating financial waqf with existing public infrastructure could positively affect the sustainability of national economic development. The novel aspect of this paper is the proposed cash waqf management system, which can serve as a useful reference for policymakers and waqf institutions seeking to develop a more effective waqf concept in terms of collection, administration, and distribution. Consequently, this study aims to demonstrate the potential for cash waqf, which can be integrated with DINFRA\u27s product through the innovation of the CWL-FRA model, to become an investment instrument and offer a diversity of options to the waqf community.Wakaf uang merupakan jenis wakaf modern yang memiliki banyak potensi di dunia saat ini. Di Indonesia, selain potensinya mencapai 180 triliun per tahun, wakaf uang masih belum optimal dalam hal penghimpunan, pengelolaan, dan penyaluran. Sementara itu, sektor infrastruktur di Indonesia menghadapi tantangan, khususnya dalam hal pendanaan. Oleh karena itu, inovasi model CWL-FRA (Cash Waqf Linked DINFRA) hadir untuk menjadi solusi dari kedua permasalahan tersebut karena model yang diusulkan merupakan hasil integrasi antara upaya optimalisasi wakaf tunai dan pembiayaan infrastruktur melalui Dana Investasi Infrastruktur (DINFRA). Dana wakaf dalam inovasi CWL-FRA ini akan dialokasikan kepada mauquf \u27alaih dari keuntungan dana investasi infrastruktur itu sendiri, yang selanjutnya akan menjadi sumber aset yang bermanfaat dalam jangka panjang. Maka dari itu, tujuan dari karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah untuk menciptakan model yang mampu memperkuat ekosistem lembaga keuangan sosial Islam dan memaksimalkan pencapaian potensi wakaf uang di Indonesia sebagai bentuk penerapan keuangan berkelanjutan serta instrumen pemulihan yang efektif. Perekonomian nasional yang diwujudkan melalui pembangunan infrastruktur. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner kepada 9 responden yang mewakili akademisi dan praktisi ahli baik dari sektor wakaf maupun infrastruktur. Dari hasil uji Delphi yang dihasilkan diketahui bahwa seluruh responden meyakini adanya hubungan antara indikator SWOT yang menunjukkan bahwa model ini layak untuk diterapkan. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan tingkat kesepakatan responden, model ini bertujuan untuk memberikan kontribusi positif bagi pemulihan ekonomi nasional, menjadi sumber dana sosial yang berkelanjutan, mengoptimalkan potensi wakaf di Indonesia, memperkuat ekosistem lembaga keuangan sosial wakaf, dan meningkatkan kualitas pengelolaan dan pemeliharaan infrastruktur di Indonesia. Aspek baru dari makalah ini adalah sistem pengelolaan wakaf tunai yang diusulkan, yang dapat menjadi referensi yang berguna bagi pembuat kebijakan dan lembaga wakaf dalam mengembangkan konsep wakaf unggul dalam hal pengumpulan, pengelolaan, dan distribusi. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menunjukkan potensi wakaf tunai yang dapat diintegrasikan dengan produk DINFRA melalui inovasi model CWL-FRA untuk menjadi instrumen investasi dan memberikan berbagai pilihan bagi komunitas wakaf.
Kata kunci: CWL-FRA; Wakaf Tunai; DINFRA; Pemulihan Ekonomi