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The Revisionist “Disembodied Voice” in the Decadent Stella Maris poetry of John Addington Symonds and Arthur Symons
Get PDFThis essay examines French symbolist influences on two English poets who wrote autobiographical poetry in the context of late nineteenth century decadence. John Addington Symonds and Arthur Symons admired Paul Verlaine, and they answer his call for “nuance” in poetry, rather than distinction and clarity, a style that Verlaine inherited from his model Baudelaire and that Verlaine developed into a trope particularly effective in confessional poetry—the disembodied voice. Symonds and Symons employ this trope in autobiographical poems they title “Stella Maris,” thereby addressing the Virgin Mary in her role as “Star of the Sea.” Stella Maris historically guides sailors through tumultuous waters, keeping them safe physically and ensuring that in the event of disaster, she helps them navigate their way to redemption through her son, Christ. Over time, this “voyage” assumed a metaphorical dimension and came to represent the difficulty of navigating the dangerous “waters” of living unconventionally, particularly with respect to sexual matters. Both Symonds and Symons struggled with the tension between the deeply inscribed Victorian values according to which they had been raised and sexual urges that contravened these values but that were consistent with late nineteenth-century decadence. In the case of the married Symonds, these were homosexual desires, and in the case of the Methodist-raised Symons these were sexual desires that manifested themselves in his propensity for London prostitutes and the less restrictive space of the London music hall. Both poets enable the disembodied voice of the trope of Catholic mediation, the Stella Maris, temporarily embodied in poetry as representative objects of their desire. Through this trope, the speakers are led through a process of transforming what they feared was profane into what they needed to believe was sacred, and, in each case, the speaker experiences love that reaffirms French symbolist values in the fin-de-siècle shift toward the modernist culture that could accommodate what had been in Victorian culture forbidden
A Taste of Progress: The Temperance Movement and its influence on Food and Drink and the Urban Landscape at the time of the International Exhibitions in the Australian Colonies
Get PDFInternational Exhibitions were very much part of the cultural scene in the second half of the nineteenth century. They provided nations with opportunities to demonstrate their artistic, industrial and agricultural innovations and ingenuity and to encourage trade relations. The Australian colonies joined the fray and staged eight International Exhibitions in the latter half of the nineteenth century, three of which were significant—Sydney in 1879 and two in Melbourne in 1880 and 1888. Food and drink played a crucial role in the lived experience for visitors to the Exhibitions and warrants more attention. In particular, the exhibitions in the Australian colonies occurred at a time when the prohibition of alcohol was seriously debated in Australia. To accommodate and feed inter-colonial and international visitors to the Exhibitions, wealthy members of the temperance movement (a worldwide lobby group) that reached a highpoint in the latter part of the nineteenth century, constructed ‘coffee palaces’ on a grand scale. These majestic alcohol-free hotels were seen as an alternative to licensed hotels. They became an integral part of Australia’s urban, social and cultural landscape as the push to control alcohol consumption gathered momentum. However, at the same time as the temperance movement gained momentum so too did Australia’s burgeoning wine industry.Some commentators such as the Reverend John Ignatius Bleasedale (1822-84), encouraged Victorians to be “a healthy, sober, jolly, wine-drinking population”, and in New South Wales, the colonial government in an attempt to wean people away from spirits enabled the establishment of many a “Colonial Wine Shop” (Walsh). At the Exhibitions, the Australian wine industry was to be accommodated and encouraged at all costs. The apparent contradiction between the ideology of temperance and the economics of intemperance appears to have been bridged quite successfully at the time of the Exhibitions.Food and drink served at the Exhibitions and coffee palaces stood as a powerful semiotic device for communicating and maintaining conceptions of identity, history, traditions and progress, and of inclusion and exclusion—it served to bind individuals to society as well as expressing power relations and struggles
Editorial Introduction
No full textFront matter:
Introductory essay by Alison Inglis, Editorial Acknowledgements by Meg Taske
Encounters with Indigenous Forest and Intuitive Painting
Get PDFKo te mahinga toi ka hono i te hinengaro, te tinana me te waahi. The practice of art connects mind, body and place. Painting is a great connector of being and place. It can promote strong connection to a particular forest. The process of painting is ideal for thinking with and elaborating an expression of human-plant-life relations. It animates the intensity of every exchange; it is an expression of being with the conditions. Through a painting-based art practice I have become very close to a particular site inside a fragment of an old growth forest named the Rātāpihipihi Scenic Reserve on the edge of Ngāmotu/New Plymouth city. Here, on the west coast of Te Ika-a-Māui, the North Island of Aotearoa New Zealand. It is in this place that I have spent a number of years painting alongside a group of centuries-old kohekohe (Dysoxylum spectabile), pukatea (Laurelia novae-zelandiae) and tawa (Beilschmiedia tawa) trees. Through the materiality and process of painting and being with these trees, I have come to articulate a concept of forestness. It is a deepening of my art practice as kotahitanga: practising “togetherness with forest.
Language as a Social Determinant of Health: Health inequalities experienced by Culturally, Ethnically and Linguistically Diverse people in the context of Covid-19
Get PDFThe Covid-19 pandemic has exacerbated health inequalities globally, indicating the need to reframe our understanding of the primary determinants of health as social and reveal the systematic link between health disparities and underlying social disadvantage (Bywaters 2009, p. 354). The social determinants of health (SDOH) provide a lens by which to interrogate the very “nature of society that leads to and tolerates inequalities in general” (Marmot 2017, p. 539). Accordingly, applying the SDOH to the Covid-19 context necessitates an understanding of the structural determinants that contributed to the disproportionate effects of the pandemic on vulnerable populations (Paremoer, Nandi, Serag & Baum 2021, p. 1). This paper will apply the SDOH of language, to the experiences of Culturally, Ethnically and Linguistically Diverse (CEALD) people in western Sydney, New South Wales (NSW), during the Covid-19 pandemic. An upstream lens will transcend reductionist conceptions of language as a deficit implicated in the current crisis, to instead interrogate how language is manifested as a broader factor in the marginalisation of CEALD people. In turn, it will be argued that incorporating the SDOH into social work practice can critically challenge the injustices perpetuated by the monolingual dominance of the English language
Primary care pharmacists’ knowledge and perception of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a cross-sectional study in Australia.
No full textPurpose: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management is complex and challenging, and therefore, requires a multidisciplinary approach. Whilst pharmacists may play a key role as the first point of contact for patients with initial symptoms or disease relapse, there is scant literature on pharmacists’ knowledge in IBD management. We conducted a survey to explore pharmacists’ knowledge and their perception of pharmacists and other healthcare professionals’ roles in managing patients with IBD.Design and Methodology: An online survey was distributed to pharmacists through professional organisations. The survey included questions about demographic information, concepts related to IBD management and the roles of pharmacists and healthcare professionals in managing patients with IBD.Findings: Fifty two respondents completed the survey. The overall knowledge score for the majority of respondents was categorised as ‘low’ (25-50%) to ‘average’ (51-75%). IBD concept that demonstrated the highest level of accuracy in knowledge scores among pharmacists was the importance of vaccination in IBD (94.2%). Pharmacists who had exposure to patients with IBD demonstrated better knowledge scores compared to those who did not have any exposure to IBD patients in their practice (p = 0.005). Furthermore, General Practitioners (GPs) were perceived as the key care providers to IBD patients, whilst pharmacists considered themselves as important in providing medication related information to patients. Conclusion: This study indicated that pharmacists’ knowledge of IBD and its’ management was suboptimal, but with education and training there are opportunities for pharmacists to play a more active role in managing patients with IBD
Practices to imagine the shape dependence of electrical resistance
Get PDFCARBON-NANOTUBE PAPER RESISTORS
We used Carbon-nanotube paper (CNP) electrical resistors (shown in Figure 1, see Abstract PDF) as a teaching material in secondary school science (physics) lessons. The CNP is conductive paper with excellent electrical conductivity. Using CNP resistors, it is possible to elucidate the dependence of the resistance values on the length and width (Shintsuruta et al., 2021). Introducing the shape dependence of electrical resistance is effective for students to solve an advanced problem of combined resistance with parallel connections. As students can adjust the paper shape as they like, it becomes possible for students to visually and actively learn about electrical resistance by using them.
THE PRACTICES OF NEW SCIENCE (PHYSICS) LESSONS
We designed new lesson plans to engage students through hands-on experiments and activities using CNP resistors. Students elucidate the two-dimensional shape dependence of electrical resistance by experiments using resistors adjusted by themselves with creative thinking, see Abstract PDF for figure and more details.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
As the results of this practical, the students learned the concept of electrical resistance and increased their understanding of combining resistances in parallel circuits. Moreover, we increased the sample size, number of students by running the practical in another school. In this case, the effect sizes were smaller than the previous results, but we confirmed the effect of a similar tendency. We confirmed that the students' creative thinking deepens and they extend their learning. “Deep learning” is one of the policies of the new course of study by the ministry in Japan. It is an innovation in physics education for these students to understand electrical resistance as well as dependence on its two-dimensional shape.
REFERENCE
Shintsuruta, M., Okubo, H., & Iwayama, T. (2021). Electrical resistor and capacitor using carbon-based papers for creative thinking to deepen and extend learning. Physics Education, 56(3), 035006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6552/abdd8
Exponential thinking for early understanding of the scale of the universe
Get PDFIn the last century, science has given us knowledge of the smallest things in the universe through to the vast distances of the visible universe. Science also gives us the ways to see the scale, with the modern technologies on which our lives depend. Education should respond to these revolutionary changes in human perception. However, for many people big and small numbers are just words with very little meaning (Resnick et al., 2017). A good way to help us gain meaning is to find a simple way to operate with huge and tiny numbers using the powers of ten as a notational tool.
There is some evidence, that young children have an intrinsic logarithmic ability (Opfer et al., 2010). To exploit these abilities, we present on results of a program that introduces large number concepts through engaging activities. We aim to make the mathematics needed for describing physical reality more intuitive, more relevant and less dependent on rote learning. This work is part of a broader project called Einstein-First that aims to introduce Einsteinian concepts throughout school education (https://www.einsteinianphysics.com).
We use powers of two as a stepping stone to develop language and concepts for powers of ten. The Powers of two program has been tested with year 3-4 students and Powers of ten with year 5-6 students. Lessons in the 8 hours programs are built around activities following four general principles: a) learning from group activities, b) using models and games to explore concepts, c) using Google searches for data gathering where appropriate, and d) learning through play-acting. We present some of the activities. One successful activity was the Powers of the Universe book, created by students. Each page is a power of ten. Numbers that describe all the known physical quantities in the Universe can be fitted in this 120-page logarithmic book, in which all quantities are expressed in SI units.
The program demonstrated significant outcomes regarding understanding scale of the Universe, estimation of big and small numbers, using powers of ten as a tool for calculation and reasoning about numbers. The results of pilot trials from pre-test and post-test comparisons indicate that nearly 100% of students were able to use powers of two for describing numbers in processes such as bacteria splitting or numbers of ancestors. 78% of students preferred to use powers of ten notation over multiple zeros for big and small numbers. 98% of students widened their knowledge about the scale of the Universe. Evidence from teacher and student interviews indicates student enjoyment and appreciation of the relevance and capacity of students to extend their understanding.
REFERENCES
Opfer. J. E., Thompson, C. A., & Furlong, E. E. (2010). Early development of spatial-numeric associations: evidence from spatial and quantitative performance of preschooler. Developmental Science, 5, 761-771.
Resnick, I., Newcombe, N., & Shipley, T. (2017). Dealing with big numbers: Representation and understanding of magnitudes Outside of Human experience. Cognitive science, 41, 1020-1041