Kobe University of Welfare Institutional Repository / 神戸医療福祉大学機関リポジトリ
Not a member yet
312 research outputs found
Sort by
A Survey of Personal Interests and Attitudes for Nature and Environmental Issues of Kindergarten Teachers
Get PDFP(論文)A survey of kindergarten teachers researched in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan, in 1997 revealed that (1) the kindergarten teachers highly concerned both nature and environmental issues, whereas (2) their interests did not reflect in their attitudes. From these results, they seemed insffisient to practice enviromental education in the kindergarten class activities. However, compared with the results of the junior college students majoring in early childhood education [Inoue & Tajiri (1999)], the present survey showd more concern and more positive attitudes. This difference may be due to self-awareness and reponsibility of the kindergarten teachers. Threrefore, if the recurrent teacher education programs contained the basics of environmental education at early chilhood level, it is meaningful to motivate the teachers to practice environmental education in the kindergarten class activities. For this, the opportunities for the recurrent education should be assured to the teachers.departmental bulletin pape
Trial of Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire for the Elderly
Get PDFP(論文)Background and Objectives : According to Willett, the semi quantitative food frequency questionnaires (SQFFQ) have become the primary method for measuring dietary intake in epidemiological studies. Today, the same portion size used in adults and the elderly at SQFFQ. However, the portion size for the elderly is not the same for adults. We think the dietary intake for the elderly shows smaller portion size than adults for most foods. So we measured habitual use of portion size among the healthy elderly at 84 food items. We investigated nutrient intake for the elderly by nutrition survey wchich surveyed three season's (early summer, fall, winter) duplicated method. Then we developed a SQFFQ for the elderly from their common foods consumption. The SQFFQ format became eight grades for the frequency and five grades the food consumption. To estimate the validity, newly developed of SQFFQ was compared with the three season's duplicated method. Results and Conclusions : As for the validity, the relative difference between SQFFQ value and the duplicated method value was small. The relative difference of principal nutrients (energy, protein, and fat) were less than 5%, and vitamins A, B_1 and B_2 were 20-10%. Especially, there were significant correlations (p<0.01) between SQFFQ and duplicated method for intakes of vitamin B_1, dietary fiber, calcium and potassium. And there were significant correlations (p<0.05) between SQFFQ and duplicated method for the intakes of energy and vitamin B_2. These results suggest that our developed SQFFQ for a dietary survey that consists of 84 foods items, particularly are reliable for dietary assessment in healthy elderly people.departmental bulletin pape
The Harmony between Respect forn Self-determination and Personal Protection : - The Adult Guardianship in Japan and Germany -
Get PDFP(論文)The principle of the Adult Guaudianship in Japan is a harmony between respect for self-determination and personal protection, but what dose the harmony mean? In Germany, "Betreuungsgesetz" was enforced in 1992, and the system of care was established. The system consists of "Erforderlichkeitsgrundsatz" (the principle of necessity) and "Subsidiaritatsprinzip" (the subsidiary principle). Even though care is needed, if other measures exist, for instance an appointment of a voluntary attorney by a care-recipient, the care by the law is exempted. The legal idea of this system is common to "the rights in relationship" which Martha Minow, Professor of law st Harvard University, insists. However, there are some different legal ideas on handicapped individuals. According to Minow, they are the abnormal-persons approach, the rights-analysis approach, and the social-relations approach. Adopting these approaches, I'll give careful consideration to the harmony, and propose what the Adult Guardianship in Japan should be.departmental bulletin pape
Individual and Society : - A Study on the Opinions of M.Heidegger, M.Buber, and J.Ortega y Gasset -
Get PDFP(論文)In this paper I try to analyze the relationship between individual and society through the consideration on the opinions of three famous western philosophers, M.Heidegger, M.Buber and J.Ortega y Gasset. First of all, M.Heidegger shows the ontological distinction between entity (Seiendes) and being (Sein), and according to his view, the being of Dasign is 'care' (Sorge) and the meaning of the being of Desein is 'temporality'. By the direction of this 'care' , Dasein has two modes of being : unauthenicity (das Man) and autenticity (eigentliche Existenz). These modes of existence are constructed in the world, and so Dasein is called Being-in-the-world (In-der-Welt-sein). This Being-in-the-world contacts with the world of utensils (Zeuge) by 'attention' (Besorgen), and with the world of others by 'nurturance' (Fursorge). Next, M.Buber puts special interests on the relationship between subject-object through 'arts' and between subject-subject, and particularly on the relationship between I -Thou (Ich-Du) with 'love'. In his opinion, man can find mistery of God by 'religious revelation'. Thirdly, J.Ortega y Gasset starts from each one's human life which is the radical reality and consists of him and his circumstance. In this world of circumstance we find things and others. In the relation to things, we find minerals, planets and animals on the 'pragmatic fields', and in the inter-individual relationships, we 'co-live' with parents, lovers, and friends. With relation to the majority, Ortega point out the revolt of the masses in the present days.In the social life, Ortega put a special focus in the phenomenon of 'usage' (uso), impersonal, irrational, and pseudo-natural. This usage automatizes human behaviors and makes man live a creative life at an altitude of the times. The difference of these opinions on individual and society designed by three philosophers depends on the characters of their own philosophies : Heidegger's theory of being, Buber's theology and Ortega's philosophy of life.departmental bulletin pape
The Change of Calcium, Phosphorus and Bone Metabolic Markers in Serum and Urine during the Calcium Supplementation and Restriction
Get PDFP(論文)カルシウム強化と制限時における血清中・尿中カルシウムとリン酸塩、骨型アルカリホスファターゼ、副甲状腺ホルモン(中間部)、1,25(OH)_2D_3、オステオカルシン、デオキシピリジノリンの変化を合わせて観察した。被験者は健康な男子で、4日間の調整期間中は日本人の栄養所要量を充たす食事を、7日間の実験期間中は3群とも同一の食事で、カルシウム以外の栄養素は栄養所要量を充たすように調整した。実験期間中はカルシウム300mg/日ベースとし、カルシウム350mg/日補充群をコントロール群(C群)、カルシウム1800mg/日補充群を強化群(S群)、カルシウム補充なしを制限群(R群)とした。血液試料は1,5,8日目の昼食前に採取し、尿試料は第2尿から翌日第1尿までの24時間尿を採取した。その結果、血清イオン化カルシウムと尿中カルシウム量は、3群間で有意な差はみられなかった。一方血清リンおよび尿中リンレベルはS群が最も低く、尿中リンは1日目、8日目はC群と、5日目はR群とに差がみられた。骨型アルカリホスファターゼ活性は1日目はR群がS群より低く、8日目はS群が低かった。5日目はS群が最も高くR群が最も低かった。R群8日目の骨型アルカリホスファターゼ活性は1日目より40%高く、S群では逆に8日目は1日目に対し50%低かった。デオキシピリジノリンには3群間に有意な差はみられなかったものの、C群が常に高かった。PTHレベルはC群が常に高かく8日目にはS群がR群より低かったが有意な差はみられなかった。また実験期間中のS群の1,25(OH)_2D_3レベルは常にR群より低かったが、オステオカルシンはS群が常に最も高かったが、群間の有意な差はみられなかった。これらの結果により、食事中への所要量を越えたカルシウム負荷は、血清および尿中カルシウム、リン酸、血清骨型アルカリホスファターゼ活性、オステオカルシン、PTH、1,25(OH)_2D_3レベルを骨吸収より骨形成優勢に整え、短期間での高カルシウム負荷は、骨粗鬆症予防に役立つことが示唆された。The present study was designed to investigate changes in the levels of calcium and inorganic phosphorus (IP) in serum and urine when calcium was supplemented or restricted. And also serum bone specific alkaline phosphatase (b-ALP), mid-portion parathyroid hormone (PTH), 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)_2D_3), osteocalsin (BGP) and urinary deoxypyridinoline (D-Pyr) were investigated. During the adjustment period (4d), healthy male subjects were given the same diet that satisfied recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for Japanese (650mg calcium). Then, during the 7-day experimental period, some groups received supplemental calcium to a 300mg base as follows : S group (n=4) 1800 mg/d; C group (n=3) 350 mg/d; R group (n=4) none. Blood samples were collected from each subject before lunch on days, 1, 5 and 8(see Fig.1). Also, samples from the second urination , day, 1, until the first urination, day 2 repeated for days 5 and 8, were collected for 24-h. The results showed that there was no significant difference in serum Ca^ and urine calcium levels among the groups. There was no significant difference in serum IP levels too, but the S group's IP level was always the lowest of all groups. However, in the urination samples for days 1 and 8, the C group was higher than the S group, and on day 5, the R group was higher than the S group in IP levels. As for b-ALP activity, day 1 showed that the R group was lower than the S group (RS). In fact, on day 8 there was a 40% rise for the R group while the S group had a drop of 50%. Even so, on day 5 there was no statistical difference among the groups, though the S group was the highest and the R groups was the lowest. As for D-Pyr: there was no significant difference among the groups, but the C group was the highest. The PTH levels of R and S groups were lower than the C group, but not significant. On day 8, the S group's PTH level was lower than the R group's. Throughtout the experiment, the S group's 1,25 (OH)_2D_3 was always lower than the R group's, but the S group's, but the S group's BGP was always highest. These results suggest that the calcium overdose in their diets prearrange bone formation superior to bone resorption the level of serum or urine calcium, phosphate, and serum b-ALP, BGP, PTH and 1,25(OH)_2D_3, and high calcium supplementation in a short period is effective treatment for osteoporosis.departmental bulletin pape
The Right to Self-Determination and Relationship : - Some Reflections on the Case of Jehovah's Witness -
Get PDFP(論文)The right to self-determination was the subject for discussion in the case of Jehovah's Witness. The right to self-determination presupposes those who satisfy the criteria of rational thought and independence(autonomy). The others who fail to satisfy the precondition are treated as "different". There is a possibility that this distinction makes a fixed discrimination between the normal group and the abnormal, autonomous individuals and those in relationships of dependency. But according to Feminist Martha Minow(Professor at Harverd University), there is not a fixed discrimination. She argued that the whole concept of a boundary depends on relationships, although law's usual boundaries distinguish the self from others. Boundaries, whether social, psychological, or legal, do not exist naturally. The autonomous rights-bearing individual presupposes a community - a community willing to recognize and enforce individual rights. Minow considers rights as tools of communal dialogue.departmental bulletin pape
A Study of the Professionalism for the Certified Care Workers
Get PDFP(論文)This paper deals with the obliged professionalism for the certified care wokers according to the Social Insurance for Elderly Care. The focus has been on the method of training for the certified care workers during their 4-year education. First, the students have to approach some skills to care for people suffering from senile dementia. Second, the students need to learn theories of social welfare as social science. Third, when the students become certified care workers, they have to try to act on social welfare ideals. The expectations are that the students will works as care managers with the theory of the protestion of human rights in mind. If so, the prfessonalism for the certified care workers will be close to constructed as monopoly on business.departmental bulletin pape
Paying for Care for the Elderly in Japan : - Based on the Research Study on the Social Insurance for the Long Term Care -
Get PDFP(論文)With the rising living standards and the progress of medicine, Japan has now reached to the aged society where the elderly can enjoy their long remaining lives. But on the other hand, the number of bedridden or senile elderly has increased sharply. As the countermeasure, the social insurance for the long term care for the elderly was drawn up to implement the full-fledged social care. This social insurance has been in effect since April 2000, designed to increase the volume of care services, enhance the accessibility of such survives, and to secure the quality assurance. But still now the debate on the funding system continues. Now that the soscial insurane has started, there is a real need to explore how the role of municipalities and the pattern of services delivery have changed. This paper compares the old system with the new system through the research study, and suggests the appropriate and sustainable funding system for caring for the elderly.departmental bulletin pape
Transition to the Democracy in Spain : - Strategies and Policies of the Political Parties and Elections of the Electorate -
Get PDFP(論文)In this paper, I analize the political process of transition to the democracy in Spain more in detail than in my book, From Dictatorship to Democracy - Spain and Japan - (1999). I try to examine political reality of the transitional process to the democracy, by considering the policies and disputes among the political parties and analizing the results of elections in this process. As I offered in above-mentioned book, I devide this process into four periods:the period to December of 1973, the period from January of 1974 to July of 1976, the period from July of 1976 to 1979 and the period from March of 1979. In the first period, the authoritarian strategy from above by Franco regime was executed on liiegal oppositions. But this period was ended by the assassination of L. Carrero Blanco. In the second period, C. Arias Navarro did the strategy of confrontation against democratic insistence of the labor movements and oppositions, but failed between the attack from the right and the refusal from the democratic oppositions. The third period is characterized with the strategies of consensus adopted by Adolfo Suarez. He took the policy of consent to both the arms, the conservative right and the parties of democratic opposition, and got the success of democratic transition. He could also execute the strategy of consensus to from UCD as a consociational party and to deal with the parties of AP, PSOE and PCE etc. In the fourth period the democratic system was established, but the strategy of confrontation between the ruling party and the opposition parties appeared again.departmental bulletin pape
The Ancrene Wisse 4. Temptation - 'Uttre temptatiun' : An Essay on Speech, Rhetoric and Composition of his Preaching (Sequel)
Get PDFP(論文)This present paper is written with the same purpose and method of research as those which are already shown in Journal of Kinki Welfare University vol.1 December 2000. The essay is divided into the early part, which includes 94 : 20-97 : 5, and the latter one, which does 97 : 6-99 : 18 of the text. The point that the author (or preacher) intends to preach says that everyone who lives in this world and suffers from the temptations from the man's eviles are luckey and happy because of the fact that they will be loved and receive divine protections by God. The author's manner of speech depends chiefly on the metaphorical or allegorical expression about which this paper aims to analize and clear within the scope of his language expressions.departmental bulletin pape