Kobe University of Welfare Institutional Repository / 神戸医療福祉大学機関リポジトリ
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Recent issue of psycho-education in families of children with disabilities
Get PDFP(論文)The study of Expressed Emotion (EE) has begun to clarify about relationship between families with schizophrenic patients and their relapse in a scientific and epidemiology way.Studies have shown that psycho-education in famililes with schizophrenic patients has aneffect on preventing relapse. In my review of this literature, I concluded the following:firstly, there are some researchers adopting randomized control trials. Secondly, subjects inthere studies are mostly families of children with mental disorders. Thirdly, there was nodifference among some types of psycho-education. As for the effects of psycho-education onthe EE in families of children with disabilities, there has been little research evaluatingpsycho-education, although there are lots of practices like psycho-education in Japan. Wehope psycho-education will be evaluated and will expand in Japan.departmental bulletin pape
Topological Approach to the Science of Language and Brain
Get PDFP(論文)脳科学の発展に伴い、多くの研究者は人間の精神活動を脳の神経細胞 (neuron) あるいはその集合体 (cell assembly) や神経回路網 (neural net) の活動という微視的な観点から説明しようと試みてきた。他方で、非侵襲的なニューロイメジングの技術開発により生きた脳の活動(血流量や代謝量の変化)を巨視的に観察し、それぞれの精神活動(認知過程)に対応する脳領域を特定することが可能となり、新たなモデルの展開に拍車をかけた。しかし、人間の精神現状(意識)がすなわちニューロン群の活動であるといった一元論的な見方をしない限り、内的な意識現象そのものを客観的に説明することは不可能と思われる。そこで、内的意識過程を表現可能にし、したがって外部から客観的に観察しうる言語を研究対象とし、その言語活動の分析に位相数学を応用することで人間の高次精神活動を科学的に研究できるのではないかと考え、それを一つの試論として提示した。departmental bulletin pape
Variables Affecting Naming Latency for Japanese Kanji Words with a Single Character : - A Re-analysis of Yamazaki, et al. (1997) -
Get PDFP(論文)Yamazaki et al. (1997) demonstrated that age-of-acquisition in spoken and written formatshad a stronger effect on the naming latency of single Kanji words than any other variableincluding familiarity, frequency, imageability, and so on. The present research was designedto reanalyzed Yamazaki et al.'s data restricted to single Kanji words learned in the first tosixth year of elementary school, using the ratings of spoken age-of-acquisition and familiaritytaken from Suzuki (2005). This analysis showed that familiarity exerted a stronger independenteffect on naminig latency than age-of-acquisition.departmental bulletin pape
A Study of the "Past" in the Thought of J. Ortega y Gasset : - Interaction of the Pastness and Futurity -
Get PDFP(論文)The contemporary society, at which modern society could finally arrive, is a mass societywhere the average vulgar mass-man is contented with good facilities in a modern civilization.Such a mass-man entirely disregards the value of tradition in the historical past, deeplyimmerses himself in self-satifaction, and oversympathizes with anonymous others. Above all things, I think, it is the absence of the historical past and tradition in the presentday that roduces the basic cause of the conditions of mass society in our time. In thispaper, I will study the opinion of J. Ortega y Gasset, the Spanish philosopher who isworldwide famous for his "The Revolt of the Masses" published in 1930, about the "Past",that is to say, the past and tradition in history. In Japan, the Third Opening has inaugurated revisions of the Japanese Constitution and theFundamental Law of Education. These revisions may add the concepts of history andtradition to two fundamental laws, because the active Constitution and the Fundamental Lawof Education are lacking in these concepts. Ortega, the philosopher who belonged to the school of Philosophy of Life in the history ofwestern thoughts, attempted to establish his philosophy of vital reason or historical reason,by criticizing modern rationalism and by emphasizing the importance of life, particularlypastness and futurity on the base of presentness in the temporality of life. And also Ortega,the transitional philosopher from modern to postmodern times, showed an ambivalent attitude,negative and positive, toward the past and tradition in premodern history which wasrefused by the modern era. Therefore, I will try to clarify Ortega's opinion on the "Past" inhistory, particularly historical past, traditionalism, and feudalism, by applying to them thetheory temporality which consists of pastness, presentness, and futurity in subjective time.Pursuing and considering the "Past" in history, Ortega discovers the historical structure ofhuman beings, the actual exstence of historical past, the value of tradition, and thespiritualism of feudalism. And moreover, he catches the dualism of passive, traditional, andinertia power - pastness - and positive, challenging, and active power - futurity -, in humanbeings both as individuals and as groups.Finally, I intend to find the interaction of pastness and futurity in Ortega's view of the"Past" in history, confirming the actuality of historical past, the value of tradition, and thejustification of feudalism.departmental bulletin pape
Family Support for Children with Disability : - Expressed Emotion of Family with Children Using Day Service for Child and Quality of Life -
Get PDFP(論文)AbstractObjet : Recently, Evidence Based Practice (EBP) has become important in order to improvea quality of social services and professional accountability. We spotlight Expressed Emotion(EE) of family to aim to construct Evidence based family support and demonstrate 'evidence'for family with children with disability. EE was begun to study about family impact onschizophrenia patients, and is already established. Now it is applied to another disease anddisabilities, and that studies applied for family with children with disability are increasing.This is a first study to investigate EE of family with children with disability in this country.Methods : Subjects were 42 mothers' EE whose children used a day service for child lived. EEwas evaluated using Five Minutes Speech Sample (FMSS). Quality of life (QOL) was evaluatedusing SF-36v2 as subscale. Result : It is possible that EE of family with children withdisability is different from disability, and it is necessity to change cut-off-point of high EEbecause of Japanese characteristic. In addition, family QOL is lower than national standardexcept Physical functioning (PF), and three subcategories of Role physical (RP), Mental Health(MH), and General Health perceptions (GH) is significant difference between Low EE and HighEE. Conclusion : We obtained important evidences that it should focus disability characteristicand family QOL to support family with children with disability through this study.departmental bulletin pape
Discussion of the Introduction of Compulsory Education at Homes for the Aid of Juvenile Self-support and Relianse
Get PDFP(論文)Homes for the Aid of Juvenile Self-Support and Reliance have experienced a long historythrough changes of laws, from the issue of the Reformatory Schools Act in 1900 to theJuvenile Training and Education Law and to the Child Welfare Law. When we are born, we cannot live by ourselves but need to be taken care of by parents(care roviders). If the relationship between the parents (care providers) and their child inearly childhood is not appropriate, emotional problems will appear during puberty. Reformatoryschools and Homes for Training and Education of Juvenile Delinquents were establishedfor the children who express such emotional problems in the form of problematic behaviors.Naotaro Kojima, the former principal of Shiga Prefectural Tankai Gakuen, hammered out hisphilosophy of children : The target of juvenile training and education is the children whorequire training and protection; and children who require training and protection are all justchildren.departmental bulletin pape
The Current State and Problems of Persons with Disabilities in Asia : - Various Definitions, the Causes of Disabilities, and Effective International Cooperation -
Get PDFP(論文)The United Nations has developed various plans that aim to protect the rights and securityof persons with disabilities thoughout the world. Because of the United Nations' leadership,each developed country has contributed support to the field of rehabilitation in developingcountries in Asia. However, the problems persons with disabilities face haven't changed much in thosecountries. They regularly endure prejudice, ignorance and poverty, overshadowing the problemsinherent in their restricted abilities. These basic needs-food, shelter, and their relationshipwith society-are their primary concern. There are differences in the definition of what constitutes the phrase "persons withdisabilities" and what assistance is needed in each country. The purpose of this paper is to examine the situation of persons with disabilities in Asiain order to make assistance more effective.departmental bulletin pape
Analysis of Factors Related to Negative Affect on Nurses and Care Workers in a Long - term Care Hospital
Get PDFP(論文)In order to prevent burnout, we analyzed factors related to negative affect on nurses andcare workers in a long-term care hospital. We examined 87 workers (96.7% of nurses andcare workers) in a long-term care hospital located in Fukuoka prefecture, using self-reportquestionnaires, the Subjective Well-Being Inventory (SUBI) scale, and egogram as measuredby TEG. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that "no child", "low NP (NurturingParent)", and "high AC (Adapted Child)" were significantly associated with negativeaffect of SUBI scale. These results suggest the importance of assessing subjective well-beingand egogram as predictor of negative affect.departmental bulletin pape
Principles of CBR : - Application of CBR to Regional Rehabilitation in Japan -
Get PDFP(論文)Developed countries have supported persons with disabilities in developing countriesthrough financial funding. However, such an economic approach hasn't worked well forpersons with disabilities in the poorest segment of the population. There is an alternative approach that will provide better benefits for them:CBR(CommunityBased Rehabilitation). Through this approach persons with disabilities themselves discusstheir problems and they participate in promoting the improvement of their situation with thehelp of CBR workers, the community and family members. This is a method rehabilitationthat takes root in the living area of persons with disabilities. CBR has been practiced by private organizations, the World Health Organization and theUnited Nations in different parts of the world. CBR is translated into Japanese as "community rehabilitation". However, its meaning canbe easily misconstrued. This thesis clarifies CBR theories and seeks a way to promote them in Japan.departmental bulletin pape
Problems of Employment Support Systems in the Newly Established "Independent Support Law for People with Disabilities"
Get PDFP(論文)The Independent Support Law for People with Disabilities was established in October, 2006,and service programs began offering services to enable their normal living in each local area.As part of this new law, working support measures were reinforced, and the shelteredworkshop system was revised into a new working support system :(1) transfer support system to normal employment,(2) continuous working support system, and at the same time,(3) disabled users burden system (10% of total cost) were newly introduced. The new working support measures, though being a big improvement, still have manyproblems to be addressed. Problems of each system are examined on a equal basis with others(non disabled), and raised proposals to enable them to work freely or accepted workenvironment that is open, inclusive and accessible to people with disabilities from a viewpoint of Convention on the Right of Persons with Disabilities (draft) by the United Nations asfollows :(1) "Rehabilitation Law for People with Disabilities" should be established to remedies oftransfer support system to normal employment.(2) New standard to evaluate the degree of support needed should be utilized depending onthe WHO's ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health).(3) New ideas to transfer to Social Enterprises supported by public funds were proposed toremedies of continuous working support system to guarantee the right to work undernomal situations with others (non disabled) by recognizing a situation as normal workerswho are people with disabilities.departmental bulletin pape