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Euthanasia - suicide, homicide or death with dignity
Full text linkSmrt je neizbežen proces, ki ga doživi vsako živo bitje zaradi procesa staranja, hude poškodbe ali hude bolezni, vendar se je običajno zavedamo šele, ko doleti nekoga izmed naših bližnjih. Nekdaj so ljudje zaradi nevarnih okužb ali nenadnih smrti umirali prej kot v današnjem času. V sodobnem času je smrt mogoče prestaviti z različnimi zdravljenji in zdravili, ki ohranjajo posameznika pri življenju, vendar imajo vrsto neželenih učinkov, kar pri posameznikih povzroči dodatne bolečine in trpljenje. Zdravniška pomoč v obliki evtanazije, to je pospešitve smrti iz usmiljenja na željo pacienta, je pri nas nedovoljena in se smatra kot kaznivo dejanje. Osebe z neozdravljivimi kroničnimi boleznimi imajo možnost paliativne oskrbe, ki zajema aktivno pomoč pri lajšanju psihičnih, socialnih in duhovnih težav ter pri negi. Tovrstna oskrba posamezniku pomaga izboljšati kakovost življenja in pripomore k dostojnejšemu življenju do smrti. V nekaterih državah se evtanazija ne izvršuje le na zahtevo neozdravljivo bolnih oseb, ki imajo oslabljene funkcije življenja. Vse pogosteje se za evtanazijo odločajo tudi dementne osebe in celo osebe, ki so naveličane življenja. V zaporih je zakonsko opredeljeno, da je treba obsojence, ki prestajajo kazen zapora, varovati in ščititi njihovo življenje, vendar si želijo možnost uporabe evtanazije koristiti tudi osebe, ki prestajajo dosmrtne kazni zapora in postanejo zaradi kazni, ki jo prestajajo, psihično iztrošene, ne vidijo smisla v življenju in si želijo umreti. Kdaj je zdravniška pomoč pri pospešitvi smrti iz usmiljenja na željo pacienta in pod zahtevanimi pogoji upravičena in dovoljena, odločajo instituti v državah, kjer je evtanazija legalizirana.Death is an inevitable process that every living being experiences due to the process of ageing, serious injury or serious disease, but we are usually only aware of it when it happens to one of our loved ones. In the past, people were dying earlier than today due to dangerous infections or sudden deaths. Nowadays, death can be delayed with various treatments and medications that keep an individual alive. However, such medications have several side effects, causing additional pain and suffering for patients. Medical assistance in the form of euthanasia, i.e. speeding up the death from pity at the request of the patient, is illegal in our country and is considered a criminal offence. Patients with incurable chronic diseases have the option of palliative care, which includes active assistance in alleviating mental, social and spiritual problems and in care. Such care helps people improve their quality of life and contributes to a more dignified life until death. In some countries, euthanasia is not only performed at the request of incurably ill people who have weakened life functions. Increasingly, people with dementia and even people who are tired of life also choose euthanasia. In prisons, it is legally defined that the lives of convicted persons who are serving a prison sentence must be protected. However, also the persons who are serving life sentences and become mentally exhausted due to the sentence they are serving and do not see the meaning in life and want to die would like to have the possibility of euthanasia. In the countries where euthanasia is legalised the institutes decide whether medical assistance in speeding up death from pity at the request of the patient and under the required conditions is justified and allowed
Math Backpack in Kindergarten
Full text linkDiplomska naloga z naslovom Matematični nahrbtnik v vrtcu je sestavljena iz teoretičnega in empiričnega dela. V teoretičnem delu so obravnavana teoretična izhodišča zgodnjega poučevanja matematike v predšolskem obdobju. Posebna pozornost je namenjena sodelovanju staršev z vrtcem pri spodbujanju matematičnih znanj ter pomenu njihovega aktivnega vključevanja v otrokov učni proces. Izpostavljen je pomen domačega okolja kot podpore učenju matematike in strategij, s katerimi lahko starši prispevajo k otrokovemu matematičnemu razvoju. V nadaljevanju je predstavljen matematični nahrbtnik kot didaktično sredstvo, ki spodbuja matematično mišljenje skozi igro v domačem okolju.
V empiričnem delu so podrobneje predstavljeni rezultati raziskave, ki je potekala v vrtcu, kjer so otroci skupaj s starši doma izvajali izbrane matematične igre iz matematičnega nahrbtnika. Podatki so bili zbrani in analizirani s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika za starše in kvalitativnih zapisov otrok, ki sta bila del matematičnega nahrbtnika. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da je bil matematični nahrbtnik kot didaktično orodje vsebinsko in izvedbeno dobro sprejet. Starši so ga spoznali kot koristnega, otroci pa kot zanimivega.The thesis titled Math Backpack in Kindergarten consists of a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical part addresses the theoretical foundations of early mathematics education in the preschool period. Particular attention is given to the collaboration between parents and the kindergarten in fostering mathematical knowledge, as well as to the importance of parents\u27 active engagement in their child\u27s learning process. Emphasis is placed on the role of the home environment as a support for learning mathematics and on strategies through which parents can contribute to their child\u27s mathematical development. Furthermore, the thesis introduces the math backpack as a didactic tool that promotes mathematical thinking through play at home.
The empirical part presents the study results. The study was conducted in a kindergarten where children, together with their parents, participated in selected mathematical games from the math backpack at home. Data were collected and analyzed using a questionnaire for parents and children\u27s qualitative records, both of which were part of the math backpack. The results indicated that the math backpack was well received as a didactic tool in terms of content and implementation. Parents recognized it as useful, and children found it interesting
Optimizing packaging on the DW50 HUSA project
No full textV magistrskem delu je predstavljena optimizacija embalaže na projektu DW50 HUSA. Trenutno embalažo pomivalnega stroja smo morali optimizirati ter prilagoditi zahtevam kupca iz ZDA, da aparat prestoji vse transportne teste glede na njihove zahteve oziroma standarde, predpisane za trg, kjer bodo aparate prodajali. Uporabljena metoda pri magistrskem delu za optimizacijo embalaže je metoda poskusov in napak ("trial and error"). Za zagotovitev vseh zahtev kupca smo v embalažo pomivalnega stroja dodali nove komponente, s katerimi smo si zagotovili pozitiven transportni test ter posledično tako zagotovili vse zahteve in standarde, ki so bile podani s strani kupca.The master thesis presents the optimization of the packaging of the DW50 HUSA project. The current packaging of the dishwasher had to be optimized and adapted to the requirements of the US customer, so that the appliance passes all the transport tests according to their requirements or standards for the market where the appliance will be sold. The method used for the optimization of the packaging in the master thesis is trial and error. In order to ensure that all the customer\u27s requirements are met, new components have been added to the dishwasher packaging to ensure that it passes the transport test and, as a result, that all the requirements and standards set by the customer are met
Design of a sheet metal back
No full textZaradi sprememb standardov ter predpisov, ki jih kot podjetje moramo spoštovati, se je pojavila potreba po spremembah materialov ter konstrukcij nekaterih komponent.
Ena izmed komponent je hrbet. Trenutno uporabljamo kartonasto ploščo s tanko prevleko aluminija, ki je do zdaj zadoščala vsem potrebam, spremeniti pa smo morali tudi material.
Material smo spremenili iz kartona na kovino, kar je povzročilo še spremembo na konstrukciji hrbta, ki je morala biti čisto drugačna.
Novi hrbet bomo sprva skonstruirali, potem pa naredili analize s pomočjo programskih orodij, izdelali bomo vzorce ter jih preizkusiti na aparatu.Due to changes in standards and regulations that we as a company must comply with, there was a need to change the materials and constructions of some components.
One of the components is the Back. We are currently using a cardboard panel with a thin coating of aluminum, which until now has been sufficient for all needs, but we had to change the material.
We changed the material from cardboard to metal, which entailed a change in the construction of the back, which had to be completely different.
We will initially construct the new back, then analyze it with the help of software tools, create samples and test them on the device
Digitalization as protoganist of advanced technologies in permits management centre
No full textKoprsko pristanišče je edino slovensko mednarodno tovorno pristanišče, ki ga upravlja delniška družba Luka Koper, d. d. Je eno najmodernejših v tem delu sveta in z zaledjem povezano s cesto in železnico. Digitalizacija predstavlja v sedanjem času pomemben trend, ki prinaša številne spremembe na različnih področjih. Med ta področja spadajo tudi logistika in pristaniški sistemi. Digitalizacija se opredeljuje kot proces pretvorbe analognih podatkov v digitalno obliko. Omogoča učinkovitejše poslovanje, izboljšanje storitev in povečanje konkurenčnosti. S pomočjo digitalnih tehnologij je mogoče avtomatizirati procese, zmanjšati stroške ter hitreje in natančneje sprejemati odločitve. Digitalizacija omogoča tudi boljša povezanost in sodelovanje med podjetji ter olajša komunikacijo in izmenjavo podatkov. V pristaniščih se digitalizacija nanaša na uporabo digitalnih tehnologij za izboljšanje učinkovitosti in produktivnosti delovanja pristanišč. Lahko pripomore k izboljšanju operativne učinkovitosti in zmanjšanju časa pretovora tovora. Osrčje zaključnega dela predstavlja digitalizacija procesa izdaje dovolilnic v koprskem pristanišču. Skladno s tem je proces izdaje dovolilnic v zaključnem delu protagonist naprednih tehnologij v Centru za upravljanje z dovolilnicami. Predstavljen je tudi pereč del procesa izdaje dovolilnic – t. i. varnostno preverjanje pred izdajo dovolilnic, ki poteka na podlagi predložitve potrdil o nekaznovanosti. Glede na pomembnost koprskega pristanišča kot takega in zagotavljanja njegove varnosti in s tem tudi nacionalne varnosti, je predlog morebitne integracije podatkov o imetnikih dovolilnic z državnimi organi in implementaciji digitalizacije procesa izdaje dovolilnic obravnavan z različnimi strokovnjaki s področja varnosti in pomorstva kot tudi s številnimi predstavniki državnih organov, prav tako pa tudi z znanstvenoraziskovalnimi akademskimi predstavniki. Obravnavani so tudi primeri dobrih praks pristanišč v tujini, po katerih bi se lahko slovensko pristanišče zgledovalo. S pomočjo rezultatov raziskave in analize intervjujev je prikazana usmeritev, na kaj se je treba v prihodnosti osredotočiti, če bo koprsko pristanišče v prihodnosti nadaljevalo pot digitalizacije in uporabe naprednih tehnologij tako na področju izdaje dovolilnic kot tudi širše.The Port of Koper is the only Slovenian international cargo port operated by the stock company Luka Koper, d. d. It is one of the most modern ports in this part of the world and is connected to the hinterland by road and rail. Currently, digitalization represents an important trend that brings many changes in various fields. This includes the logistics and port systems areas. Digitalization is defined as the process of converting analog data into digital form. It enables more efficient business operations, improved services, and increased competitiveness. Digital technologies make it possible to automate processes, reduce costs, and make decisions more quickly and accurately. Digitalization also enables better connectivity and collaboration between companies, as well as facilitating communication and data exchange.
In ports, digitalization refers to the use of digital technologies to improve the efficiency and productivity of port operations. It can contribute to improving operational efficiency and reducing cargo handling time. The focus of this study was the digitalization of the permit issuance process at the Port of Koper. Accordingly, in this thesis, we presented the permit issuance process as the protagonist of advanced technologies in the Permit Management Center. We also addressed the crucial part of the permit issuance process, which is the security check before issuing permits, which is based on the submission of certificates of non-criminal records. Given the importance of the Port of Koper and ensuring security both in the port and for national security, we discussed the proposal for possible integration of permit holder data with state authorities and the implementation of digitalization of the permit issuance process with various experts in security and maritime fields, as well as representatives of state authorities and academic researchers.
We also considered best practices in foreign ports that our Slovenian port could emulate. Based on the results of the research and analysis of interviews, we prepared guidelines for what needs to be focused on in the future if the Port of Koper continues on the path of digitalization and the use of advanced technologies, both in the area of permit issuance and more broadly
Third-Graders\u27 Naming Ability in Terms of Semantic Relations
Full text linkPoimenovalna (besedoslovna) zmožnost je eden temeljnih ciljev pri pouku slovenščine. Za podrobnejši vpogled v poimenovalno zmožnost in poznavanje pomenskih razmerij smo se odločili, ker med učenci zaznavamo upad v besednem zakladu. Namen magistrskega dela je bil preveriti, kako uspešni so tretješolci pri iskanju sopomenskih, protipomenskih, nadpomenskih in podpomenskih izrazov. Zanimalo nas je, kako uspešni so učenci 3. razreda pri iskanju pomenskih razmerij nasploh in kako pri iskanju posameznih pomenskih razmerij, poleg tega smo želeli ugotoviti, ali se bodo rezultati razlikovali glede na spol, ali bodo naloge z bralnim razumevanjem učencem povzročale več težav in ali se bo pokazala razlika v reševanju primerov s slogovno (ne)zaznamovanimi besedami.
Vzorec šteje 50 tretješolcev iz ene od osnovnih šol v Savinjski regiji, njihova naloga pa je bila, da rešijo delovni list z nalogami, vezanimi na pomenska razmerja. Naloge smo točkovali in prišli do nekaterih pomembnih ugotovitev. V povprečju so bili učenci uspešni v 71 %, težave pa so jim povzročale predvsem slogovno zaznamovane besede. Bralno razumevanje je v negativnem smislu na rezultat učencev vplivalo pri iskanju sopomenk, pri protipomenkah pa je bil uspeh pri nalogi z bralnim razumevanjem boljši. Učenci v povprečju bolje poznajo protipomenke in nadpomenke, več težav pa imajo pri iskanju ustreznih sopomenk in podpomenk.Naming (vocabulary) ability is one of the fundamental goals in teaching of Slovenian. We have observed a decline in students\u27 vocabulary so we decided to conduct this study to gain a more detailed insight into naming ability and knowledge of semantic relations. The aim of the master\u27s thesis was to examine how successful third-grade students are in finding synonymous, antonymous, superordinate, and subordinate words. We were interested in how successful third-graders are in identifying semantic relationships in general and in recognizing individual types of semantic relations. In addition, we wanted to determine whether the results would differ according to gender, whether tasks involving reading comprehension would be more difficult for students, and whether there would be a difference in solving examples containing stylistically (un)marked words.
The sample consisted of 50 third-grade students from one primary school in the Savinja region. Their task was to complete a worksheet with exercises related to semantic relations. The tasks were scored, and several important findings emerged. On average, the students were 71% successful, with the greatest difficulties occurring in tasks containing stylistically marked words. Reading comprehension negatively affected students\u27 results in finding synonyms, while in antonym tasks, performance was better when reading comprehension was involved. On average, students showed better knowledge of antonyms and superordinate words, while they had more difficulty finding appropriate synonyms and subordinate words
Grain quality and rheological properties of high-amylose wheat dough
Full text linkZ namenom oceniti, v kolikšni meri razlike v sestavi škroba vplivajo na fizikalno-kemijske in reološke lastnosti ter na tehnološko primernost amilozne pšenice za pripravo vzhajanih pekovskih izdelkov, sta bili v raziskavi primerjani kakovost zrnja in reološke lastnosti testa dveh genotipov navadne pšenice (Triticum aestivum L.): sorte z običajno sestavo škroba ‘Nexera 86’ in genotipa amilozne pšenice ‘Titan SBE I’. Analizirani so bili parametri kakovosti zrnja (primesi, vlaga, hektolitrska masa, vsebnost surovih beljakovin
in število padanja) ter lastnosti moke in testa, ocenjene s farinografom,
ekstenziografom, amilografom in napravo glutamatic. Rezultati so pokazali, da se število padanja med genotipoma ne razlikuje (398 s pri ‘Nexera 86’ in 392 s pri ‘Titan SBE I’), vsebnost surovih beljakovin pa je bila pri amilozni pšenici značilno višja (12,5 % v primerjavi z 10,7 %). Kljub omejeni količini vzorcev, ki je onemogočila statistično preverjanje reoloških meritev, so se med genotipoma kazale precejšnje razlike: moka ‘Titan SBE I’ je vezala več vode (56,0 % v primerjavi s 53,7 %), imela daljšo stabilnost testa (6,4 min v primerjavi z 1,6 min) ter nižjo stopnjo omehčanja (40 BU v primerjavi s
76 BU). Testo amilozne pšenice je imelo nižjo odpornost na raztezanje (276 BU v
primerjavi s 543 BU) in nižjo energijo testa (52 cm² v primerjavi z 82 cm²). Amilografske analize so pokazale razlike v temperaturi začetka in konca zaklejitve škroba ter maksimalne viskoznosti suspenzije (1940 AE pri ‘Titan SBE I’ v primerjavi s 1300 AE pri ‘Nexera 86’).The two common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes, the variety with a conventional starch composition ‘Nexera 86’ and the amylose wheat genotype ‘Titan SBE I’, were compared. The purpose was to assess the differences in starch composition affect, the physicochemical and rheological properties, as well as the technological suitability of amylose wheat for the preparation of leavened bakery products, as well as the grain quality and the rheological properties of dough. Parameters of grain quality (impurities, moisture,
hectolitre weight, crude protein content and falling number) as well as flour and dough properties were analysed, the latter having been evaluated by using a farinograph, extensograph, amylograph and the glutamatic device. The results have shown that the falling number does not differ between the genotypes (398 s for ‘Nexera 86’ and 392 s for ‘Titan SBE I’), while the crude protein content is significantly higher in amylose wheat (12.5% as compared to 10.7%). Despite the limited quantity of samples, which prevented statistical validation of rheological measurements, considerable differences between genotypes were
observed. The ‘Titan SBE I’ flour absorbed more water (56.0% as compared to 53.7%), had a longer dough stability (6.4 min as compared to 1.6 min), and a lower degree of softening (40 BU as compared to 76 BU). The amylose wheat dough exhibited a lower resistance to extension (276 BU as compared to 543 BU) and lower dough energy (52 cm² as compared to 82 cm²). The amylograph analyses indicated differences in the beginning and end temperatures of starch gelatinisation, as well as in the maximum suspension viscosity (1940 AU for ‘Titan SBE I’ as compared to 1300 AU for ‘Nexera 86’)
The štrekna in easy-to-read: making cycle route descriptions accessible to readers with different abilities
Full text linkV magistrskem delu z naslovom Štrekna v lahkem branju – prilagoditev opisa kolesarske poti za osebe z različnimi bralnimi zmožnostmi je obravnavano razumevanje besedila z naslovom Vodnik po kolesarski poti Štrekna v obliki lahkega branja pri učencih, vključenih v program z nižjim izobrazbenim standardom ter posebni program vzgoje in izobraževanja. V teoretičnem delu so predstavljeni gradniki bralne pismenosti, značilnosti branja in jezikovnega razvijanja oseb z motnjami v duševnem razvoju ter načela in pravila lahkega branja. Poseben poudarek je namenjen postopkom prilagajanja besedil ter vključevanju uporabnikov v preverjanje razumljivosti. V empiričnem delu je bil uporabljen Vodnik po kolesarski poti Štrekna v lahkem branju, s katerim je bila preverjena razumljivost izbranih pojmov, povedi in fotografij. Testno branje je potekalo z učenci, ki so predlagali jezikovne poenostavitve in vsebinske dopolnitve, na podlagi katerih je bilo besedilo prilagojeno. Končno razumevanje je bilo preverjeno s polstrukturiranim intervjujem s kontrolno skupino petih učencev. Rezultati so pokazali, da so učenci najpogosteje težje razumeli abstraktne izraze, strokovno terminologijo in daljše povedi, medtem ko je bil pomen fotografij v večini primerov uspešno prepoznan. Ugotovljeno je tudi bilo, da ustrezno izbrana fotografija pomembno prispeva k razumevanju vsebine in da lahko besedila v lahkem branju spodbujajo motivacijo za raziskovanje lokalnega okolja.In the master\u27s thesis titleded Štrekna in Easy-to-read – Adapting a Cycling Route for People with Different Reading Abilities, the comprehension of a text entitled Guide to the Štrekna Cycling Route in an Easy-to-read format is examined by among students enrolled in the lower educational standard programme and the special education programme. The theoretical part presents the components of reading literacy, the characteristics of reading and language development in individuals with intellectual disabilities, as well as the principles and rules of Easy-to-read texts. Special emphasis is placed on the process of text adaptation and the involvement of users in comprehensibility testing. In the empirical part, the Guide to the Štrekna Cycling Route in an Easy-to-read, format was used to the comprehensibility of selected terms, sentences, and photographs. The test reading was conducted with students who suggested linguistic simplifications and content-related additions, on the basis of which the text was adapted. Final comprehension was assessed through a semi-structured interview with a control group of five students. The results showed that students most frequently had difficulty understanding abstract expressions, technical terminology, and longer sentences, while the meaning of photographs was successfully recognized in most cases. It was also found that a suitably chosen photograph significantly contributes to content comprehension and that Easy-to-read texts can encourage motivation to explore the local environment
Educators\u27 experiences and views on the implementation of risky play in the outdoor environment
Full text linkV sklopu diplomske naloge bodo predstavljene izkušnje in pogledi vzgojiteljev na izvajanje tvegane igre v zunanjem okolju. V teoretičnem delu bo najprej predstavljena igra v zunanjem okolju in njeni pozitivni učinki, nato pa se bomo podrobneje dotaknili tvegane igre. V sklopu te obravnave bomo opredelili pomen tvegane igre, kategorije, prednosti in ovire, s katerimi se srečujejo vzgojitelji pri vključevanju otrok v to obliko igre, in ugotavljali, kakšne so njihove izkušnje in pogledi. V diplomski nalogi bomo tudi primerjali Kurikulum za vrtce in tvegano igro. V empiričnem delu bomo predstavili pridobljene podatke iz ankete, s katero smo preverjali, kakšne izkušnje imajo vzgojitelji in kakšno je njihovo mnenje o tvegani igri. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 153 vzgojiteljev in vzgojiteljic, vodij oddelkov vrtcev v Sloveniji. Z anketnim vprašalnikom smo prišli do ugotovitev, da vzgojitelji večinoma pozitivno ocenjujejo pomen tvegane igre za otrokov razvoj in jo tudi aktivno spodbujajo v ustreznih okoliščinah. Kljub temu menijo in zaznavajo, da je v vrtcu premalo priložnosti za izvajanje tvegane igre v zunanjem okolju, zato si želijo dodatna usposabljanja, kar bistveno ne vpliva bistveno na njihovo načrtovanje take igre. Večina vzgojiteljev tudi meni, da Kurikulum za vrtce ne omogoča in ne spodbuja tvegane igre.The thesis presents preschool teachers\u27 experiences and views on implementing risky play in the outdoor environment. The theoretical part first outlines outdoor play and its positive effects, followed by a detailed discussion of risky play. This includes defining its definition, categories, advantages, and the obstacles educators encounter when involving children in this type of play, as well as exploring their experiences and perspectives. The thesis also compares the Kindergarten Curriculum with the concept of risky play. The empirical part presents data gathered through a questionnaire that examined teachers\u27 experiences and opinions on risky play. The study included 153 preschool teachers and head teachers from Slovenian kindergartens. The findings show that teachers generally evaluate risky play positively in terms of child development and actively encourage it when appropriate. However, they also believe that kindergartens offer too little opportunities for risky outdoor play and express a desire for additional training, which does not significantly affect their planning of such activities. Most teachers also feel that the Kindergarten Curriculum neither enables nor promotes risky play