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Philosophical analysis of mechanisms of cognitive modeling and artificial intelligence in education
Get PDFTehnologija je dvoje, je vzrok in posledica za vse hitreje spreminjajočo se družbo. Ko danes govorimo o tehnologiji, govorimo predvsem o inteligentnih sistemih, o tako imenovanih kibernetskih sistemih, pri katerih sistem vsebuje, če govorimo v jeziku tehnologije, strojno opremo, stroje in naprave (človeško telo), in programsko opremo – inteligenco – duha, kar bi v jeziku humanistike lahko poimenovali tudi občutke, intencionalna stanja, čustva ipd. Mnogi problemi, ki so povezani s sodobnimi tehnologijami, so zato povezani tudi z (umetno) inteligenco in učenjem. Za reševanje problemov v zvezi z umetno inteligenco potrebujemo predvsem splošna znanja o svetu, družbi in ljudeh, kar je filozofski problem. Zato je za vse, ki morajo sprejemati odločitve s področja uporabe umetne inteligence, izjemno pomembno, da razumejo osnovne splošne mehanizme inteligence – filozofijo duha, tj. kako deluje naravna, kako deluje človeška inteligenca, kako se človek uči in prilagaja okolju, kar je še posebej pereče na področju vzgoje in izobraževanja.Technology is both a cause and a consequence for an ever faster changing society. Speaking about technology today, we speak above all about intelligent systems, so called cybernetic systems, the system which contains, if we speak in technological language, engine equipment, machines and devices (the human body), and program equipment ‒ intelligence – mind (in the language of humans), also feelings, intention conditions, emotions, etc. Many problems connected with modern technologies are therefore also connected with (artificial) intelligence (AI). To solve problems connected with artificial intelligence, above all we need common knowledge about the world, society, and human beings, which is a philosophical problem. Therefore, it is very important for everyone who has to take decisions in the field of artificial intelligence to understand the basics of general mechanisms of intelligence ‒ philosophy of the mind, to understand the way natural and artificial intelligence functions especially in the area of education
Legal framework of crypto-assets in Slovenia and the EU: classification, licensing and tax aspects in the light of MiCA regulation
Get PDFMagistrsko delo obravnava Uredbo MiCA kot prvi celovit pravni okvir Evropske unije za področje kriptosredstev. Poseben poudarek je namenjen vprašanju, kako uredba vpliva na razdrobljenost obstoječih nacionalnih ureditev ter kakšne razlike se pojavljajo pri njeni implementaciji v Sloveniji, Nemčiji in na Hrvaškem. Analiza kaže, da MiCA pomembno prispeva k harmonizaciji pravil in večji pravni varnosti, hkrati pa razkriva razlike v nacionalnih pristopih, zlasti na področju davčne obravnave. Empirični del naloge ugotavlja, da se Nemčija sooča predvsem z nadgradnjo obstoječega sistema, Hrvaška z vzpostavitvijo novih pravil, Slovenija pa z vmesnim pristopom, ki razkriva številne izzive. Med drugim se izkaže, da davčna ureditev v Sloveniji še vedno ne zagotavlja enake predvidljivosti kot v Nemčiji. Ugotovitve potrjujejo, da MiCA ustvarja temelje za stabilnejši, preglednejši in zaupanja vreden trg kriptosredstev, vendar še ne ponuja dokončnega odgovora na vse izzive, povezane s hitro razvijajočim se področjem.The master’s thesis examines the MiCA Regulation as the first comprehensive legal framework of the European Union for crypto assets. The focus is placed on its role in addressing the fragmentation of national regulations and the differences in implementation between Slovenia, Germany, and Croatia. The analysis demonstrates that MiCA significantly contributes to the harmonisation of rules and to greater legal certainty, while also revealing persisting differences in national approaches, particularly in the field of taxation. The empirical part shows that Germany mainly builds upon an already existing framework, Croatia introduces a completely new system, while Slovenia follows an intermediate approach that exposes several challenges. Among other aspects, it becomes evident that Slovenia’s tax treatment still does not provide the same level of predictability as Germany’s. The findings confirm that MiCA lays the foundations for a more stable, transparent, and reliable crypto-asset market, yet it does not represent the final solution to all the challenges associated with this rapidly evolving sector
Design of a clamping system for processing of forging trim tools by wire erosion
Get PDFDiplomsko delo se ukvarja z izboljšanjem procesa žične elektro erozijske obdelave (WEDM) v podjetju Marovt d.o.o.. Glavni cilj naloge je konstruiranje in izdelava namenske vpenjalne naprave, za hitrejše in hkrati natančnejše vpenjanje obdelovancev. Naprava odpravlja potrebo po večkratnem centriranju in merjenju, kar znatno skrajšuje čas obdelave in povečuje učinkovitost. Vpenjalna naprava je izdelana iz nerjavečega jekla. Rezultati diplomskega dela so izboljšanje delavnih procesov, zmanjšanje proizvodnih stroškov in povečanje konkurenčnosti podjetja.The thesis focuses on improving the process of wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) at Marovt d.o.o.. The main objective of the task is to design and manufacture a dedicated clamping device for faster and more accurate clamping of workpieces. The device eliminates the need for repeated centering and measuring, significantly reducing processing time and increasing efficiency. The clamping device is made of stainless steel. The result of the thesis is an improvement in work processes, a reduction in production costs, and an increase in the company\u27s competitiveness
Development of a module to calculate the first wall temperature load in a fusion reactor
Get PDFV diplomski nalogi smo razvili modul za simulacijo prenosa toplote skozi prvo steno fuzijskega reaktorja na podlagi odprtokodne programske opreme OpenFOAM. Prav tako smo oblikovali grafični vmesnik, ki bo omogočil enostavno in hitro prilagajanje parametrov simulacije. Težava leži znotraj velikih toplotnih obremenitvah katere moramo natančno opisati. Za boljši opis toplotnih obremenitev smo naredili skript kateri že omreženo površino plazme razdeli na posamezne elemente katerim nato, določimo središča ter na njih interpoliramo potrebne vrednosti. Pridobili smo sliko temperaturnih obremenitev na površini ter jo primerjali z že izračunanimi 2D rešitvami predhodnih raziskav.In this thesis, we have developed a module for simulating heat transfer through the first wall of a fusion reactor based on the open source software OpenFOAM. We have also designed a graphical interface that will allow easy and fast adjustment of the simulation parameters. The problem lies within the large heat loads that we need to describe in detail. To better describe the thermal loads, we have created a script that divides the already gridded plasma surface into individual elements, which we then define the centres and interpolate the necessary values on them. We obtained a picture of the surface temperature loads and compared it with the already calculated 2D solutions of previous studies
Impact of vitamin C on biomarkers of brain injury in patients with return of spontaneous circulation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Get PDFPreživetje z ugodnim nevrološkim izidom po zunajbolnišničnem srčnem zastoju (OHCA) ostaja izziv in je pogosto poslabšano zaradi poreanimacijskega sindroma (PCAS), ki obsega okvaro možganov in srca. Ta raziskava je preučila vpliv intravenskega dodajanja vitamina C, antioksidanta, za ublažitev PCAS, saj lahko izčrpane zaloge vitamina C pri kritično bolnih prispevajo k oksidativnemu stresu, ki je eden od mehanizmov PCAS.
Izvedli smo randomizirano, dvojno slepo raziskavo na odraslih preživelih po OHCA v terciarni bolnišnici. Udeleženci so prejeli 1,5 g vitamina C intravensko vsakih 12 ur v osmih odmerkih ali placebo, kot dodatek standardni oskrbi. Okvara možganov je bila primarno ocenjena s koncentracijo nevronsko-specifične enolaze (NSE), skupaj z drugimi kliničnimi izidi.
Rezultati so pokazali statistično neznačilno višjo koncentracijo NSE v skupini z vitaminom C (36,4 µg/L, placebo 34,9 µg/L, p > 0,05) in večjo pojavnost mioklonusa. Hkrati pa so imeli bolniki, ki so prejemali vitamin C, manj aritmij, srčnega popuščanja, manjšo potrebo po vazoaktivnih zdravilih, krajši čas zdravljenja in statistično značilno manjši porast vnetnih kazalcev (p = 0,02).
Zaključek: Raziskava je pokazala, da intravensko dodajanje vitamina C pri bolnikih po zunajbolnišničnem srčnem zastoju ni pomembno zmanjšalo okvare možganov, je pa prispevalo k izboljšanju vnetnih kazalcev in nekaterih srčnih izidov. Potrebne so nadaljnje raziskave za razjasnitev njegove potencialne vloge v poreanimacijski oskrbi.Survival with favorable neurological outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains challenging and is often complicated by post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS), which involves brain and heart damage. This study examined the effect of intravenous vitamin C (VitC), an antioxidant, in mitigating PCAS, as vitamin C depletion in critically ill patients may contribute to oxidative stress, one of the mechanisms of PCAS.
We conducted randomized, double-blind study included adult OHCA survivors at a tertiary hospital. Participants received either 1.5 g of intravenous VitC every 12 hours for eight doses or placebo in addition to the standard care. Neurological injury was primarily assessed by neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels, alongside other clinical outcomes.
Results showed non-significantly higher NSE levels in the VitC group (36.4 µg/L vs. 34.9 µg/L, p > 0.05) and a higher incidence of myoclonus. However, the VitC group had fewer arrhythmias, less heart failure, less need for vasoactive drugs, shorter intensive care unit stay, and a significantly smaller increase in inflammatory markers (p = 0.02).
Conclusion: The study demonstrated that intravenous administration of vitamin C in patients after OHCA did not significantly reduce brain injury but contributed to the improvement of inflammatory markers and some cardiac outcomes. Further research is needed to clarify its potential role in post-resuscitation care
Digitization of document business in the selected company
Get PDFElektronsko poslovanje prinaša več prednosti, saj omogoča dostop do potrebnih informacij kjerkoli, zmanjšuje potrebo po fizičnem arhiviranju in tiskanju ter povečuje učinkovitost zaposlenih. Izbrano podjetje se sooča s težavo pretežno ročnega poslovanja z dokumenti, kar močno otežuje vsakodnevno delo zaposlenih. Ročno vpisovanje podatkov zahteva veliko časa in je pogosto povezano z napakami, kar dodatno zmanjšuje učinkovitost dela. V okviru magistrskega dela smo z zaposlenimi opravili poglobljene intervjuje, kjer so morali razporediti osem parametrov od najpomembnejšega do najmanj pomembnega za oceno uspešnosti naložbe v digitalno poslovanje. Poleg tega smo merili tudi, koliko časa vzame ročno vpisovanje vpisnih listov v časovnem obdobju treh mesecev. Cilj našega magistrskega dela je bil na podlagi rezultatov intervjujev in meritev izdelati konceptualni model, ki vključuje parametre za oceno uspešnosti investicije v digitalno poslovanje.Electronic business brings several advantages, as it enables access to necessary information anywhere, reduces the need for physical archiving and printing, and increases employee efficiency. The selected company is faced with the problem of predominantly manual handling of documents, which greatly complicates the daily work of employees. Manual data entry takes a lot of time and is often associated with errors, which further reduces work efficiency. As part of our master\u27s thesis, we conducted in-depth interviews with employees, where they had to arrange eight parameters from the most important to the least important for evaluating the success of an investment in digital business. In addition, we also measured how much time it takes to manually enter registration forms over a period of three months. The goal of our master\u27s thesis was to create a conceptual model based on the results of interviews and measurements, which includes parameters for assessing the success of investments in digital business
Chromatographic methods for the determination of lipid peroxidation biomarkers from physiological samples
Get PDFV magistrskem delu smo razvili in validirali kromatografske metode za določanje biomarkerjev lipidne peroksidacije v fizioloških vzorcih, s poudarkom na malondialdehidu (MDA), ki je ključni kazalec oksidativnega stresa. Uporabili smo tehnike plinske kromatografije z masno spektrometrijo (GC-MS) in tekočinske kromatografije z masno spektrometrijo (LC-MS/MS), ki omogočajo visoko občutljivost in selektivnost pri analizi kompleksnih bioloških vzorcev, kot je serum. Validacija metod je vključevala oceno linearnosti, ponovljivosti, točnosti in mej zaznave (LOD) za MDA in sorodne spojine. Poleg tega smo izvajali teste antioksidativne kapacitete, kot so DPPH, FRAP, CUPRAC, ORAC in TAC, da bi ocenili sposobnost seruma in drugih vzorcev pri nevtralizaciji prostih radikalov. Rezultati kažejo, da so razvite metode natančne, občutljive in primerne za analizo MDA v fizioloških vzorcih. Ugotovili smo, da koncentracije MDA korelirajo z intenzivnostjo oksidativnega stresa, kar potrjuje uporabnost teh biomarkerjev pri spremljanju patoloških stanj. Poleg tega smo pokazali, da ima serum pomembno antioksidativno kapaciteto, ki jo je mogoče učinkovito ovrednotiti z uporabo kombinacije različnih testov. Magistrsko delo prispeva k razvoju naprednih analitskih orodij za raziskave oksidativnega stresa, ki so ključnega pomena za razumevanje vpliva lipidne peroksidacije na zdravje in bolezni ter za razvoj novih terapevtskih strategij.In this master\u27s thesis, we developed and validated chromatographic methods for the determination of lipid peroxidation biomarkers in physiological samples, focusing on malondialdehyde (MDA), a key indicator of oxidative stress. We employed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques, which provide high sensitivity and selectivity for analyzing complex biological samples, such as serum. The method validation included the assessment of linearity, repeatability, accuracy, and limits of detection (LOD) for MDA and related compounds. Additionally, we performed antioxidant capacity tests, including DPPH, FRAP, CUPRAC, ORAC, and TAC, to evaluate the ability of serum and other samples to neutralize free radicals. The results demonstrate that the developed methods are precise, sensitive, and suitable for MDA analysis in physiological samples. We found that MDA concentrations correlate with oxidative stress levels, confirming the utility of these biomarkers in monitoring pathological conditions. Furthermore, we showed that serum exhibits significant antioxidant capacity, which can be effectively evaluated using a combination of different assays. This master\u27s thesis contributes to the development of advanced analytical tools for oxidative stress research, which are essential for understanding the impact of lipid peroxidation on health and disease and for advancing new therapeutic strategies
Inclusion of language technologies for the Slovenian language in a mobile application
Get PDFV diplomskem delu smo prikazali vključitev jezikovnih tehnologij v mobilno aplikacijo. Opisali smo jezikovne tehnologije ter njihov razvoj in se osredotočili na avtomatsko prepoznavo govora, strojno prevajanje in sintezo govora. Navedli smo metrike, s katerimi se jezikovne tehnologije vrednotijo, in ustvarili delujoč prototip mobilne aplikacije, v katero smo vključili jezikovne tehnologije. Naredili smo primerjavo treh ponudnikov jezikovnih storitev: Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform in Slovenščina.eu. Rezultati so pokazali, da je storitev Slovenščina.eu najučinkovitejša pri avtomatski prepoznavi govora, Microsoft Azure pri strojnem prevajanju, Google Cloud Platform pa je pri skoraj vseh metrikah dosegel zadnjo mesto.In this thesis, we demonstrated the integration of language technologies into a mobile application. We described language technologies and their development, focusing on automatic speech recognition, machine translation, and speech synthesis. We outlined the metrics used to evaluate language technologies and developed a functional prototype of a mobile application incorporating these technologies. Additionally, we compared three providers of language services: Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform, and Slovenščina.eu. The results showed that Slovenščina.eu achieved the best performance in automatic speech recognition, Microsoft Azure excelled in machine translation, while Google Cloud Platform consistently ranked last across almost all metrics
Program za testiranje trkov električnih hiper-vozil
Get PDFThe main goal of the master\u27s thesis is to present system solutions (HW or SW) in electric hyper-vehicles for the purpose of preparing crash tests on such vehicles. The aim is to showcase the system as a whole and to identify deviations and changes that would need to be made for a high-quality test preparation.Glavni cilj magistrske naloge je prikazati sistemske rešitve (HW ali SW) v električnih hiper-vozilih za potrebe priprave testa trka na takšnih vozilih. Cilj je prikazati sistem kot celoto ter katera odstopanja in spremembe bi bilo potrebno narediti za kakovostno pripravo testa
The effects of therapeutic exercises on low back pain and pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy
Get PDFV zaključnem delu smo se osredotočili na vpliv terapevtske vadbe na bolečino v križu in medeničnem obroču med nosečnostjo. Glede na to, da je bolečina v teh predelih pogosta težava, ki prizadane mnoge nosečnice, smo izvedli sistematičen pregled znanstvene literature, da bi preučili obstoječe raziskave in ugotovili, kako lahko terapevtska vadba prispeva k lajšanju teh težav. V analizo smo vključili 12 ključnih raziskav, ki obravnavajo različne vrste vadbe in njihove učinke na nosečnice. Rezultati so pokazali, da terapevtska vadba znatno pozitivno vpliva na zmanjšanje bolečine v križu in medeničnem obroču, kar potrjuje pomembnost telesne aktivnosti med nosečnostjo. Ugotovili smo tudi, da se učinkovitost vadbe razlikuje glede na posameznice, kar pomeni, da je vrsta vadbe, ki najbolj deluje, odvisna od ravni telesne pripravljenosti nosečnice pred nosečnostjo. Ta ugotovitev poudarja nujnost individualiziranega pristopa pri načrtovanju terapevtskih programov. Ker se potrebe in zmožnosti nosečnic razlikujejo, je ključnega pomena, da se vadbeni programi prilagajajo specifičnim potrebam vsake posameznice. Potrebno bi bilo opraviti več raziskav na tem področju za razvoj prilagojenih terapevtskih strategij, ki bi lahko učinkovito lajšale bolečine in izboljšale kakovost življenja nosečnic. S tem lahko prispevamo k boljšemu razumevanju vloge terapevtske vadbe v nosečnosti in njenem potencialu za izboljšanje zdravja in dobrobiti bodočih mamic.In this thesis, we focused on the impact of therapeutic exercise on low back pain and pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy. Given that pain in these areas is a common issue affecting many pregnant women, we conducted a systematic review of the scientific literature to examine existing research and determine how therapeutic exercise can contribute to alleviating these problems.
We included 12 key studies in our analysis, addressing various types of exercise and their effects on pregnant women. The results indicated that therapeutic exercise significantly positively influences the reduction of pain in the lower back and pelvic region, confirming the importance of physical activity during pregnancy. We also found that the effectiveness of exercise varies among individuals, meaning that the type of exercise that works best depends on the pregnant woman\u27s level of physical fitness prior to pregnancy.
This finding underscores the necessity for an individualized approach in planning therapeutic programs. Since the needs and capabilities of pregnant women differ, it is crucial that exercise programs are tailored to the specific requirements of each individual. Further research in this area is needed to develop customized therapeutic strategies that could effectively alleviate pain and improve the quality of life for pregnant women. In doing so, we contribute to a better understanding of the role of therapeutic exercise in pregnancy and its potential to enhance the health and well-being of future mothers