Digital library of University of Maribor
Not a member yet
81039 research outputs found
Sort by
The use of renewable energy sources for the production of synthetic methane
No full textMagistrsko delo predstavlja proizvodnjo sintetičnega metana, ki bi lahko nadomestil zemeljski plin. Za reakcijo metanacije je potreben vodik. Ta se v delu proizvede z elektrolizo, ki jo poganja elektrika obnovljivih virov. Proces je namenjen sezonskemu shranjevanju energije, kjer se viški elektrike poletnega časa shranijo v obliki metana za obdobja primanjkljajev energije. V ta namen, smo s programom Aspen Plus najprej izvedli poenostavljeno enostopenjsko simulacijo metanacije CO2. Pretok CO2 je baziral na ocenjeni sestavi in pretoku bioplina iz realne bioplinarne. Upoštevali smo, da se tudi celoten bioplin lahko uporabi kot reaktant. Enostopenjska metanacija je služila predvsem za razumevanje obnašanja reakcije. Ker z eno reakcijsko stopnjo v produktu nismo dosegali dovolj visokega deleža metana, smo izvedli še poenostavljeno dvostopenjsko metanacijo. Določili smo pogoje, pri katerih bi dosegali dovolj visoko vsebnost metana, da bi produkt bil primeren za injiciranje v plinovode. Za primer, ko se bioplin ne uporabi v metanaciji, smo v programu Aspen Adsorption izvedli dinamični simulaciji nadgradnje bioplina z adsorpcijskimi tehnikami. Mešanico bioplina smo z nizkimi izgubami metana uspešno nadgradili do biometana, s sestavo, ki je primerna za injiciranje v plinovode. S pomočjo rezultatov začetne dvostopenjske simulacije smo razvili delno integrirano shemo s sočasno proizvodnjo elektrike, ki je sposobna proizvesti od 1 t/h do 1,3 t/h sintetičnega metana. Pri tem je v procesu možna uporaba čistega CO2, ali pa celo mešanice bioplina in CO2. Proizveden sintetični metan je vseboval več kot 97 mol.% CH4, po dehidraciji s silikagelom, pa smo zagotovili sestavo, ki je primerna za injiciranje v plinovode mnogih Evropskih držav.The master thesis presents the production of synthetic methane that could replace natural gas. Methanation reaction requires hydrogen, which is produced through electrolysis with electricity from renewables. The process is designed for seasonal energy storage, where excess summer-time electricity is stored in the form of methane, for periods of energy shortages. For the process, we first ran a simplified one-step simulation of CO2 methanation using Aspen Plus. The CO2 flow rate was based upon estimated biogas composition and flow rate from a biogas plant. The one-step methanation was mainly used to understand the behaviour of the reaction. As the single reaction step did not achieve a sufficiently high methane content in the product, a simplified two-step methanation was carried out. We determined the conditions at which a sufficiently high methane content for natural gas pipeline injection would be achieved. For the case where biogas is not used for methanation, we ran dynamic adsorption simulations of biogas upgrading in Aspen Adsorption. The biogas mixture was successfully upgraded to biomethane with low methane losses and composition suitable for pipeline injection. Using the results of an initial two-stage simulation, we have developed a partially integrated process with simultaneous electricity production, capable of producing between 1 t and 1,3 t of synthetic methane per hour. The process can use pure CO2 or even a mixture of biogas and CO2. The synthetic methane produced contained more than 97 mol.% CH4. After dehydration with silica gel, a composition suitable for injection into natural gas pipelines of many European countries was obtained
Antifungal activity of garlic extracts (Allium sativum) and their formulation
No full textČesen (Allium sativum) in čemaž oz. divji česen (Allium ursinum), katera spadata v rod lukov, sta poznana kot močna antioksidanta z različnimi zdravilnimi učinki. Eden izmed mnogih je protiglivni učinek, ki je lahko fungicidni, kadar ubije celice gliv, ali fungistatičen, kadar prepreči oz. zavira nadaljnjo rast glivnih celic. Vzrok za takšno delovanje je v alicinu, ki moti elektrokemični potencial celic s spreminjanjem redoks stanja, ta pa se v česnu in čemažu nahaja v obliki aliina. V okviru magistrske naloge smo pridobili več različnih ekstraktov iz česna in čemaža. Uporabili smo tako konvencionalne kot nekonvencionalne ekstrakcijske metode, material pa ekstrahirali s polarnimi in nepolarnimi topili. Pridobljenim ekstraktom smo s pomočjo različnih analiz, kot so določevanje antioksidativne aktivnosti, preverjanje vsebnosti totalnih fenolov in aliina, definirali protiglivni učinek na kvasovki Candida albicans. Rezultati kažejo, da se želene komponente lažje ekstrahirajo iz česna in čemaža v mešanici polarnih topil (etanol in destilirana voda v razmerju 1:1), ob uporabi ultrazvočnega valovanja, ki pospeši biokemične reakcije in prenos snovi. Posledično je bil izkoristek ultrazvočne ekstrakcije visokih 62,57 %. Naša študija je pokazala, da antioksidativna aktivnost v primeru ekstraktov česna, sledi trendu vsebnosti totalnih fenolov. Ekstrakti čemaža pa poleg fenolnih spojin, vsebujejo še velike količine flavonoidov in različnih žveplovih spojin. Z mikrodilucijsko metodo smo preverjali protiglivni učinek, ki smo ga dokazali zgolj pri ekstrakciji s Soxhletovim aparatom iz čemaža (EtOH/voda), čigar MIC vrednost znaša 7,5 mg/mL, čeprav smo pri slednjem ekstraktu zabeležili le 27.166,5 μg aliina na g ekstrakta. Za primerjavo, ekstrakt, pridobljen z vročo maceracijo iz česna (etanol), ki je vseboval 150.451 μg aliina na g ekstrakta, pa ni kazal znakov protiglivnega delovanja.Garlic (Allium sativum) and ramsons or wild garlic (Allium ursinum), both belonging to the Allium genus, are known as powerful antioxidants with various medicinal effects. One of them is the antifungal activity, which can be fungicidal to kill fungus cells, or fungistatic to prevent or inhibit the further growth of previously mentioned cells. The reason for this activity is allicin, which disrupts the electrochemical potential of cells by changing the redox state, and is found in garlic and wild garlic in the form of alliin. As part of the master\u27s thesis, we obtained several different extracts from garlic and wild garlic, using both conventional and non – conventional extraction methods, in polar and non – polar solvents. Antifungal activity of the obtained extracts was determined on the yeast Candida albicans, based on various analyses, such as checking the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and content of alliin. The results show, that target components are more feasibly extracted from garlic and wild garlic in a mixture of polar solvents (ethanol and distilled water in a ratio of 1:1), using ultrasonic waves, which accelerate biochemical reactions as well as the transfer of mass. As a result, the conversion efficiency of the ultrasonic extraction was a high 62,57 %. Our study showed that the antioxidant activity in the case of garlic, follows the trend of total phenolic content. In addition to phenolic compounds, extracts of wild garlic also contain large amounts of flavonoids and various sulfur compounds. With the microdilution method we checked the antifungal activity, which was proven only with the extraction using the Soxhlet apparatus from wild garlic (EtOH/water), the MIC value of which is 7,5 mg/mL, although the latter extract recorded only 27.166,5 μg of alliin per g of extract. In comparison, the extract obtained by hot maceration of garlic in ethanol, which contained 150.451 μg of alliin per g of extract, showed no signs of antifungal activity
Development of an optical measuring system for measuring the thickness of forgings on the control line
No full textMagistrsko delo je nastalo v sodelovanju s podjetjem Unior d.d. iz Zreč. Izhaja iz problema prehitre obrabe merilnega sistema, ki se uporablja za merjenje debelin ohišij na kontrolni liniji B1. Prekratek čas do uničenja merilnega sistema potegne za sabo stroške, ki pa niso samo stroški menjave merilnikov, temveč tudi stroški reklamacij, transporta in lažnega izmeta. Zato so me prosili, da raziščem alternativne možnosti, ki bi lahko zamenjale obstoječi način merjenja z brezkontaktnim. Tako magistrsko delo zajema raziskavo možnih brezkontaktnih načinov merjena debelin, zoženje njihovega izbora in testiranje merilnikov, ki delujejo na izbranih principih. Po opravljenem testiranju se izkaže, da nobeden od izposojenih merilnikov za dan problem ni primeren. Zato predlagam, da se ob nadaljevanju razvoja preizkusi več vrst merilnikov, ki za merjenje uporabljajo izbrane principe ob upoštevanih omejitvah in robnih pogojih, ugotovljenih skozi izdelavo tega dela.The master\u27s thesis was created in cooperation with the company Unior d.d. from Zreče. It originates from the problem of too rapid wear of the measuring system used to measure the thicknesses of the casings on the control line B1. Too little time until the measurement system is destroyed leads to costs, which are not only the costs of changing the measuring devices, but also the costs of reclamations, transport, and false emissions. With this aim in mind, I was asked to investigate alternative options that could replace the existing method of measurement with a non-contact one. Thus, the master’s thesis covers the research of possible non-contact methods of measuring thickness, narrowing down their selection and testing measuring devices that work on the selected principles. After testing, it turns out that none of the borrowed measuring devices are suitable for the given problem. Therefore, I suggest that, during the continuation of the development, several types of measuring devices are tested, which use the selected principles for measurement, considering the limitations and boundary conditions established during the production of this work
Modeliranje zgorevanja predmešanega vodika in zraka v plinskem kondenzacijskem kotlu
Full text linkThis work addresses the urgent need for decarbonization of heating sector, focusing
on the potential of hydrogen-air combustion in gas condensing boilers. In the field of
gas condensing boilers, groups of holes or slits can be used in perforated burner
surfaces, providing a possible solution to the challenge of hydrogen air combustion.
Real burners are always adjacent to an area with non-existent combustion, which can
lead to a disturbed flame pattern. For this reason, a comparison between single-slit
and multi-slit perforated flame holders with a significantly reduced structure
temperature with a hydrogen-air premix is carried out as part of this study. Using Ansys
Fluent, a 2D simulation approach is employed to analyze laminar flame stability behind
a perforated flame holder. Inlet conditions consider fully premixed and homogenous
distributed mixtures as well as non-homogeneous premixed mixtures, with variations
in pressure, velocity, and mixing degree. The model examines various slit-burner
configurations and flashback behaviors based on an actual geometric shape used in a
gas heating device. It has been found that with finite multi-slit burners, the bulk flow
rates at the critical flashback point are 30-50% higher compared to infinitely
symmetrical burners. A further deterioration of 32% is to be expected due to real
mixture quality fluctuations and inhomogeneous inflow conditions.
The numerical model was validated using a prototype heat exchanger and a
production-ready mixture preparation system in combination with various burner
geometries.
From a practical standpoint, the results provide clear guidance for burner design. Long
and narrow holes with moderate spacing -ideally at least one diameter apart- promote
flame stability while maintaining a compact configuration. In clustered geometries,
optimizing the number of flow passages can prevent local overheating and enhance
operational robustness. For complex or thermally sensitive geometries, the use of 3D
CFD simulations with conjugate heat transfer (CHT) coupling is strongly advised to
ensure accurate and safe designs. Additionally, at higher air excess ratios, the current
numerical model becomes less accurate due to intensified preferential diffusion and
Soret effects, highlighting the need for a 3D CFD approach using the Konnov reaction
mechanism.
Finally, the findings demonstrate the model\u27s potential for designing efficient surface
stabilized burners and lay the groundwork for future 3D simulations in the pursuit of
sustainable heating solutions.To delo obravnava nujno potrebo po razogljičenju ogrevalnega sektorja, pri čemer se
osredotoča na možnosti izgorevanja vodika in zraka v plinskih kondenzacijskih kotlih.
Na področju plinskih kondenzacijskih kotlov se lahko v perforiranih površinah gorilnika
uporabijo skupine lukenj ali rež, kar predstavlja možno rešitev izziva izgorevanja
vodika in zraka. Gorilniki pogosto mejijo na območje z neobstoječim zgorevanjem, kar
lahko povzroči moten vzorec plamena. Zato je v okviru te študije izvedena primerjava
med perforiranimi držali plamena z enim in več režami z znatno znižano temperaturo
zmesi vodika in zraka. Za analizo stabilnosti laminarnega plamena za perforiranim
držalom nosilcem plamena je uporabljen pristop 2D simulacije s programom Ansys
Fluent. Pri vstopnih pogojih so upoštevane popolnoma predmešane in homogeno
porazdeljene mešanice ter nehomogene predmešane mešanice s spremembami tlaka,
hitrosti in stopnje mešanja. Model preučuje različne konfiguracije gorilnika z režami in
obnašanje plamena na podlagi dejanske geometrijske oblike, ki se uporablja v napravi
za zogrevanje plina. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da so pri končnih gorilnikih z več režami
masovni pretoki na kritični točki povratnega valovanja za 30-50% večji v primerjavi z
neskončno simetričnimi gorilniki. Zaradi dejanskih nihanj kakovosti zmesi in
nehomogenih pogojev dotoka je mogoče pričakovati nadaljnje poslabšanje za 32%.
Numerični model je bil potrjen z uporabo prototipnega izmenjevalnika toplote in
sistema za pripravo zmesi, pripravljenega za proizvodnjo, v kombinaciji z različnimi
geometrijami gorilnikov.
S praktičnega vidika so rezultati jasna navodila za načrtovanje gorilnikov. Dolge in ozke
luknje z zmernim razmikom - v idealnem primeru vsaj en premer narazen - omogočajo
stabilnost plamena, hkrati pa ohranjajo kompaktno konfiguracijo gorilnika. Pri
geometrijskih sklopih lahko optimizacija števila pretočnih kanalov prepreči lokalno
pregrevanje in izboljša robustnost delovanja. Pri zapletenih ali toplotno občutljivih
geometrijah se za zagotovitev natančnih in varnih zasnov močno priporoča uporaba
3D simulacij CFD s konjugiranim prenosom toplote (CHT). Poleg tega pri višjih
razmerjih presežka zraka postane trenutni numerični model manj natančen zaradi
okrepljene preferenčne difuzije in Soretovih učinkov, kar poudarja potrebo po pristopu
3D CFD z uporabo Konnovega reakcijskega mehanizma.
Nazadnje ugotovitve kažejo na potencial modela za načrtovanje učinkovitih površinsko stabiliziranih gorilnikov in postavljajo temelje za prihodnje 3D simulacije pri iskanju trajnostnih rešitev za ogrevanje
Marketing communication of handmade products on social media
Full text linkVsako leto lahko na svetovnem spletu zasledimo vedno več izdelovalcev ročno narejenih izdelkov, saj so z razvojem družbenih omrežij dobili možnost brezplačno promovirati svoje izdelke neomejenemu številu potencialnih potrošnikov po svetu. Vprašanje pa je, ali izdelovalci ročnih izdelkov znajo izkoristiti to priložnost in uporabiti vse prednosti, ki jih družbena omrežja prinašajo in s tem vplivati na nakupne odločitve posameznikov in posledično povečati svojo prodajo. Magistrsko delo tako proučuje značilnosti in pomen marketinškega komuniciranja ročno narejenih izdelkov na družbenih omrežjih ter raziskuje vpliv teh omrežij na nakupne odločitve slovenskih odjemalcev ročno narejenih izdelkov. Osrednje raziskovalno vprašanje se osredotoča na ugotavljanje, kako družbena omrežja učinkovito uporabiti za promocijo tovrstnih izdelkov, za krepitev zaupanja in dolgoročne odnose s strankami ter kateri so tisti najpomembnejši dejavniki, ki vplivajo na nakup ročno narejenega izdelka. Družbeni mediji imajo namreč vse večji vpliv na nakupne odločitve porabnikov, saj standardno trženje od ust do ust danes zamenjujejo elektronske oblike komunikacije. Ljudje veliko svojega življenja porabimo za nakupovanje. V nakupnem procesu se odločamo, ali bomo kupili določen izdelek ali ne. Na odločitev o nakupu pa vplivajo številni dejavniki in ko se ponudniki odločijo za trženje preko družbenih omrežij, se morajo vprašati, kateri družbeni medij bi bil najprimernejši za komunikacijo njihovih izdelkov in storitev ter kakšni so načini trženja s pomočjo posameznega medija.
V teoretičnem delu so tako predstavljeni temeljni pojmi s področja marketinškega komuniciranja, uporabe družbenih omrežij, vedenja potrošnikov in značilnosti ročnih izdelkov. Poseben poudarek je namenjen dejstvu, da sodobni potrošniki ne iščejo le izdelkov, temveč tudi zgodbo, vrednote in osebno povezavo z blagovno znamko. Empirični del magistrskega dela temelji na kvantitativni raziskavi, izvedeni med 218 slovenskimi potrošniki. Rezultati kažejo, da je avtentična, vizualno privlačna in osebno naravnana komunikacija na družbenih omrežjih ključna pri oblikovanju nakupnih odločitev. Facebook in Instagram sta se izkazala kot najpomembnejši platformi za promocijo ročno narejenih izdelkov, medtem ko glavni motivi za nakup vključujejo podporo lokalnim ustvarjalcem in željo po unikatnosti. Družbena omrežja niso zgolj oglaševalski kanal, temveč prostor za gradnjo skupnosti, zaupanja in dolgoročnih odnosov. Uspeh ponudnikov ročno narejenih izdelkov je tesno povezan z razvojem jasne, verodostojne in ciljno usmerjene komunikacijske strategije, ki temelji na razumevanju vrednot ter vedenjskih vzorcev sodobnih potrošnikov. Pomembno vlogo pri tem igrajo vizualno privlačna predstavitev, pozitivna uporabniška mnenja in vsebinski marketing, ne pa priporočila in mnenja vplivnežev.Every year, we see more and more manufacturers of handmade products on the internet, as the development of social media has given them the opportunity to promote their products free of charge to an unlimited number of potential consumers around the world. The question is whether they know how to take advantage of this opportunity, and use all the benefits that social media offer to influence individuals\u27 purchasing decisions and, consequently, increase their sales? This master\u27s thesis examines the characteristics and importance of marketing communication for handmade products on social media and explores the influence of social media on the purchasing decisions of Slovenian consumers for handmade products. The central research question focuses on determining how social media can be used effectively to promote such products and to strengthen trust and long-term relationships with customers, and what are the most important factors influencing the purchase of a handmade product. Social media has an increasing influence on consumers\u27 purchasing decisions, as standard word-of-mouth marketing is now being replaced by electronic forms of communication. People spend a large part of their lives shopping. During the purchasing process, we decide whether or not to buy a particular product. However, many factors influence the decision to buy, and when providers decide to market through social media, they must ask themselves which social media would be most appropriate for communicating their products and services and what are the methods of marketing on a certain media.
The theoretical part presents basic concepts from the field of marketing communication, the use of social media, consumer behaviour, and the characteristics of handmade products. Special emphasis is placed on the fact that modern consumers are not only looking for products, but also for a story, values, and a personal connection with the brand. The empirical part of the master\u27s thesis is based on a quantitative survey conducted among 218 Slovenian consumers. The results show that authentic, visually appealing, and personally oriented communication on social media is the key in shaping purchasing decisions. Facebook and Instagram have proven to be the most important platforms for promoting handmade products, while the main motives for purchasing include support for local manufacturers and the desire for uniqueness. Social media are not just an advertising channel, but a space for building community, trust, and long-term relationships. The success of craftsman is closely linked to the development of a clear, credible, and targeted communication strategy based on an understanding of the values and behaviour patterns of modern consumers. Visually appealing presentation, positive user reviews, and content marketing play an important role in this, rather than recommendations and opinions from influencers
Satisfaction and motivation of members for education in the units of the mountain rescue association of slovenia
Full text linkV magistrskem delu smo predstavili značilnosti neprofitnih organizacij, v katere spada tudi Gorska reševalna zveza Slovenije. Zadovoljstvo, motivacija in izobraževanje so tri postavke, ki se prepletajo v nepridobitnih organizacijah oziroma društvih in vsakdanjem življenju. S pomočjo razumevanja teh postavk smo pripravili anketni vprašalnik, v katerem nas je zanimalo, kateri dejavniki vplivajo in kako ti dejavniki vplivajo na odnos članov društev Gorske reševalne zveze Slovenije do izobraževanja glede na prostovoljno profesionalno opravljeno delo. V zaključni nalogi smo predstavili organiziranost Gorske reševalne zveze Slovenije, ki deluje v okviru Uprave Republike Slovenije za zaščito in reševanje. Poleg organiziranosti smo skušali približati urejenost izobraževanja znotraj organizacije glede na to, da je GRZS nepridobitna, nevladna, prostovoljna in humanitarna organizacija različnih društev na območju države Slovenije. V teoretičnem delu zaključnega dela smo opredelili zadovoljstvo, izobraževanje, motivacijo in motivacijske teorije, Gorsko reševalno zvezo Slovenije: delovanje, organiziranost, izobraževanje in usposabljanje ter sorodne organizacije. Empirični del zaključne naloge temelji na podatkih, pridobljenih s kvantitativno metodo, in vključuje analizo anketnega vprašalnika, ki ga je izpolnilo 199 članov društev GRZS. Magistrsko delo je temeljilo na informacijah in podatkih, ki so javno dostopni, dosedanjih lastnih izkušnjah ter internih podatkih GRZS.This master\u27s thesis explores the characteristics of non-profit organizations, with a particular focus on the mountain rescue association of Slovenia (GRZS). Satisfaction, motivation, and education are the three key components that intersect within non-profitable associations and significantly influence everyday operations. To gain a better understanding of these aspects, we have conducted a survey to examine how and to what extent they affect GRZS members\u27 attitudes toward education, considering the voluntary and professional nature of their work. The thesis outlines the organizational structure of the GRZS, which operates under the administration of the Republic of Slovenia for civil protection and disaster relief. In addition to its organizational framework, we aimed to present the internal structure of training and education within the association, taking into account its non-profit, non-governmental, voluntary and humanitarian character. The theoretical part of the thesis defines concepts, such as satisfaction, motivation, education, and motivational theories, as well as the functioning, organization, training, and related institutions of the GRZS. The empirical part is based on data obtained through a quantitative research method, namely a questionnaire completed by 199 members of GRZS associations. The thesis draws on publicly available information, the author\u27s personal experiences, and internal data provided by GRZS
Transfer of knowledge among auditors in audit firms
Full text linkPrenos znanja med zaposlenimi v organizaciji je proces pridobivanja in ohranjanja organizacijskega znanja, s katerim zaposleni med sabo delijo rešitve in dobre prakse. To magistrsko delo obravnava tematiko prenosa znanja med revizorji v revizijskih podjetjih, s poudarkom na konceptu učenja ob delu. V revizijskih podjetjih se znanje prenaša na različne načine, eden izmed najučinkovitejših načinov prenosa znanja med revizorji pa je koncept učenja ob delu (angl. learning by doing). Učenje ob delu v revizijskih podjetjih predstavlja ključni mehanizem za dolgoročni profesionalni razvoj kadra in njegovo razumevanje kompleksnih revizijskih nalog. Za kakovostno opravljanje revidiranja, poleg strukturiranega formalnega izobraževanja, je znanje revizorjev potrebno nenehno posodabljati v praksi. To revizorji dosežejo s sodelovanjem z izkušenimi sodelavci in z aktivnim vključevanjem v konkretne revizijske delovne naloge. Na podlagi analize obstoječe tuje literature s področja prenosa znanja med revizorji smo raziskali potek procesa prenosa znanja v revizijskih podjetjih, s poudarkom na velikih revizijskih podjetjih (tj. podjetjih velike četvericeangl. Big Four). Prenos znanja v velikih revizijskih podjetjih je med drugim odvisen od organizacijske kulture, sistema nagrajevanja, individualnih značilnosti zaposlenih, kompleksnosti revizijskih nalog in tehnologije. Ugotovili smo, da se večina revizorjevega učenja zgodi neposredno na delovnem mestu in da se znanje v revizijskih podjetjih največkrat in najučinkovitejše prenaša skozi vsakodnevno opravljanje revizijskih nalog, s sodelovanjem med revizorji in timskim delom, mentorstvom in sprotnim pridobivanjem povratnih informacij. To potrjuje velik pomen koncepta učenja ob delu za revizijsko dejavnost. Na podlagi ugotovitev lahko rečemo, da je učenje ob delu v reviziji temeljni ključ za razvoj revizorjeve strokovne presoje, poklicnega skepticizma ter sposobnosti prepoznavanja tveganj in reševanja kompleksnih primerov. Prav tako koncept pozitivno prispeva tudi h kakovosti revidiranja in k dolgoročni uspešnosti revizijskega podjetja, z izboljšanjem presoj kot posledico njegove uporabe. A kljub vsem prednostim, ki jih koncept prinaša, je implementacija le-tega v revizijskih podjetjih lahko ovirana zaradi slabe organizacijske klime, pomanjkanja priložnosti za učenje ob delu, slabe motivacije revizorjev za delo in premalo osebnega stika med revizorji. S ciljem izboljšanja prenosa znanja med revizorji v revizijskih podjetjih na koncu naše raziskave podajamo predloge za možne izboljšave. Revizijskim podjetjem med drugim predlagamo uvedbo formaliziranih mentorskih programov, oblikovanje
sistemov nagrajevanja, vzpostavitev digitalnih orodij za prenos znanja in spodbujanje sodelovanja med revizorji z izvajanjem več druženj med njimi. Na podlagi izvedene raziskave in zastavljenih hipotez smo prišli do sklepa, da spodbudna kultura deljenja znanja, omogočena uporaba novega znanja na delovnem mestu in aktivno vključevanje revizorjev v učenje ob delu, revizijskim podjetjem prinaša pospešen razvoj kadra in večjo kakovost revidiranja. V revizijskih podjetjih, kjer mlajši revizorji aktivno sodelujejo z izkušenejšimi revizorji (mentorji), mlajši revizorji hitreje dvignejo raven strokovnega znanja in pridobivajo ključne kompetence. Ugotovili smo, da formalno izobraževanje v revizijski stroki ne zadostuje za kakovostno in celovito opravljanje revizorjevega dela. Bistvene so namreč praktične izkušnje, ki si jih revizor pridobi na delovnem mestu z učenjem ob delu. Ugotovitve našega magistrskega dela doprinesejo k razumevanju procesa prenosa znanja med revizorji v velikih revizijskih podjetjih. Preučevano tematiko bi bilo v prihodnje možno in smiselno raziskovati še na primerih revizijskih podjetij, ki niso uvrščena med revizijska podjetja velike četverice, saj so ugotovitve obstoječih raziskav relevantne le za velika revizijska podjetja.Knowledge transfer among employees in an organisation is the process of acquiring and maintaining organisational knowledge, through which employees share solutions and good practices. This master\u27s thesis deals with the topic of transfer of knowledge among auditors in audit firms, with an emphasis on the concept of learning by doing. Knowledge in audit firms is transferred in various ways, with one of the most effective ways of transferring knowledge among auditors being the concept of learning by doing. Learning by doing in audit firms represents a key mechanism for the long-term professional development of personnel and their understanding of complex audit tasks. To achieve and perform auditing, auditors\u27 knowledge needs to be constantly updated in practice, in addition to structured formal education. Auditors achieve this by collaborating with experienced auditors and by actively engaging in specific audit work assignments. Based on an analysis of existing foreign literature in the field of knowledge transfer among auditors, we researched the course of the knowledge transfer process in audit firms, with an emphasis on large audit firms (i.e. the Big Four). Knowledge transfer in large audit firms depends, among other factors, on organisational culture, reward systems, individual characteristics of employees, complexity of audit tasks and technologies. We found that most of the auditor\u27s learning occurs directly in the workplace and that knowledge in audit firms is most often and most effectively transferred through the daily performance of audit tasks, through cooperation among auditors and teamwork, mentoring and ongoing feedback. This confirms the great importance of on-the-job learning for the audit profession. Based on the findings, learning by doing in auditing is fundamental to developing the auditor\u27s professional judgement, scepticism and the ability to identify risks and solve complex tasks. The concept also positively contributes to the quality of auditing and the long-term success of the audit firm by improving judgments as a result of its use. However, despite all the advantages that the concept brings, its implementation in audit firms is sometimes hindered by a poor organisational climate, a lack of opportunities for on-the-job learning, poor motivation of auditors for work and insufficient personal contact among auditors. To improve knowledge transfer among auditors in audit firms, we provide some suggestions for possible improvements at the end of our research. Among other things, audit firms should introduce formalised mentoring programs, design reward systems, establish digital tools for knowledge transfer, and encourage collaboration among auditors through more social gatherings. Based on our conducted research and formulated hypotheses, we concluded that
encouraging a culture of knowledge sharing, enabling the use of the newly acquired knowledge in the workplace, and active involvement of auditors in on-the-job learning bring accelerated human resource development and higher quality of audit services to audit firms. In audit firms, where junior auditors actively cooperate with experienced auditors (mentors), younger auditors increase their level of expertise and acquire key competencies more quickly. We found that in the auditing profession, formal education is not sufficient for high-quality and comprehensive performance of an auditor\u27s work. The key is the practical experience that the auditor gains in the workplace through on-the-job learning. The findings of our master\u27s thesis are helpful for understanding the process of knowledge transfer among auditors in large audit firms. In the future, it would be possible and reasonable to research the topic studied on the cases of non-Big Four audit firms, as the findings of existing research are relevant only to large audit firms
Prevention of healthcare-associated infections in preterm infants in the incubator
Full text linkUvod: Nedonošenčki v inkubatorju imajo zaradi nezrelega imunskega sistema in pogostih invazivnih posegov povečano tveganje za okužbe, povezane z zdravstveno oskrbo. Namen zaključnega dela je proučiti ukrepe, s katerimi zdravstveni delavci zmanjšujejo pojavnost okužb, povezanih z zdravstveno oskrbo, pri nedonošenčkih, nameščenih v inkubatorju.
Metode: Izveden je bil pregled znanstvene in strokovne literature, ki smo jo iskali v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL Ultimate, PubMed in ScienceDirect. Potek vključevanja in izključevanja raziskav smo ponazorili s PRISMA diagramom. Izbrane raziskave smo zbrali v evalvacijsko tabelo, jih ovrednotili glede na raven dokazov ter izvedli tematsko analizo.
Rezultati: Izmed 436 zadetkov smo jih v končno analizo vključili osem. Rezultati kažejo, da so preventivni ukrepi za preprečevanje okužb, povezanih z zdravstveno oskrbo, pri nedonošenčkih v inkubatorju kompleksen proces, pri katerem imajo ključno vlogo štiri področja: organizacijske ovire pri izvajanju ukrepov, usposabljanje in izobraževanje zdravstvenega osebja, dezinfekcija inkubatorjev, prav tako pa je pomembna vloga staršev in vodstva pri preprečevanju okužb, povezanih z zdravstveno oskrbo.
Razprava in zaključek: Okužbe, povezane z zdravstveno oskrbo, povzročajo zaplete, podaljšujejo hospitalizacijo in povečujejo tveganje za smrtnost, raziskave pa potrjujejo, da kljub napredku še vedno predstavljajo velik problem. Prav zato je za varno obravnavo nedonošenčkov v inkubatorju ključnega pomena dosledno izvajanje preventivnih ukrepov.Introduction: Premature infants in incubators are at increased risk of healthcare-associated infections due to their immature immune system and frequent invasive procedures. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the measures healthcare professionals use to reduce the incidence of healthcare-associated infections in premature infants placed in incubators.
Methods: A review of scientific and professional literature was conducted, which we searched in the CINAHL Ultimate, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. The process of inclusion and exclusion of the virus was illustrated with a PRISMA diagram. We collected the selected studies in an evaluation table, evaluated them according to the level of evidence, and performed a thematic analysis.
Results: Of the 436 hits, we included eight in the final analysis. The results show that preventive measures for preventing healthcare-associated infections in incubated preterm infants are a complex process in which four areas play a key role: organizational barriers to implementing measures, training and education of healthcare staff, disinfection of incubators, and the role of parents and management in preventing healthcare-associated infections.
Discussion and conclusion: Healthcare-associated infections cause complications, prolong hospitalization, and increase the risk of mortality, and research confirms that despite progress, they still represent a major challenge. Therefore, consistent implementation of preventive measures is crucial for the safe care of premature infants in incubators
The process of a choir conductor\u27s preparation in leading a choir
Full text linkZaključno delo obravnava problematiko celostne priprave zborovodje pri vodenju zbora in poudarja, kako osebnostne lastnosti, strokovno znanje ter sodobni izzivi vplivajo na njegovo delo v hitro spreminjajočem se glasbenem okolju.
Zaradi pomanjkanja novejših raziskav in literature na tem področju smo v empiričnem delu izvedli anketno raziskavo, s katero smo želeli pridobiti vpogled v sodobne prakse dirigentske priprave. Sodelovalo je 65 aktivnih zborovodij. Podatke smo zbrali s spletnim anketnim vprašalnikom, ki nam je omogočil vpogled v njihove izkušnje, načine priprave in pristope k vodenju pevskih vaj.
Rezultati prikazujejo, da slovenski zborovodje pripravi na pevsko vajo pripisujejo zelo velik pomen. Kot ključne elemente izpostavljajo strokovno znanje, dobro načrtovanje vaj, psihološko pripravljenost, motiviranje pevcev in premišljeno izbiro pevskega gradiva. Ob tem opozarjajo tudi na pomen digitalnih orodij in časovne obremenitve, ki vplivajo na sodobno dirigentsko delo.
Raziskava ponuja koristen vpogled v aktualne prakse in lahko zborovodjem pomaga pri nadaljnjem strokovnem razvoju ter učinkovitejšem delu z zborom.The master\u27s thesis examines the issue of the conductor\u27s comprehensive preparation when leading a choir and highlights how personal characteristics, professional knowledge, and contemporary challenges influence their work in a rapidly changing musical environment.
Due to the lack of recent research and literature in this field, the empirical part of the study includes a survey aimed at gaining insight into modern practices of conductor preparation. A total of 65 active choir conductors participated in the research. Data were collected through an online questionnaire, which provided insight into their experiences, preparation methods, and approaches to leading choir rehearsals.
The results show that Slovenian choir conductors place great importance on preparing for rehearsals. They identify professional knowledge, careful rehearsal planning, psychological readiness, motivating singers, and thoughtful selection of repertoire as key elements of their preparation. They also point out the significance of digital tools and time pressures that shape contemporary conducting work.
The conclusion of the thesis emphasizes that the research offers a valuable insight into current practices and can support choir conductors in their further professional development and more effective work with choirs
The impact of organisational climate on employee satisfaction in the healthcare sector
Full text linkDiplomsko delo proučuje vpliv organizacijske klime na zadovoljstvo zaposlenih v slovenskem zdravstvu – temo, ki je v luči kroničnega pomanjkanja kadra in odhoda zaposlenih v tujino ali druge poklice še posebej aktualna. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, v kolikšni meri organizacijska klima vpliva na zadovoljstvo zaposlenih ter kateri dejavniki so pri tem najpomembnejši.
Z uporabo kvantitativne metode je bil anketni vprašalnik poslan zaposlenim v različnih zdravstvenih organizacijah. Popolnoma izpolnjenih je bilo vrnjenih 160 vprašalnikov, kar je zadostovalo za reprezentativen vzorec.
Rezultati kažejo zmerno ugodno organizacijsko klimo (povprečje 3,55) in relativno visoko zadovoljstvo zaposlenih (povprečje 3,81) z močno pozitivno povezanostjo med njima (r = 0,674p < 0,001). Najvišje ocene so prejeli poklicna odgovornost, zavzetost, odnosi s sodelavci in pripravljenost na dodaten napor, kar potrjuje, da zaposleni delo še vedno dojemajo kot poslanstvo. Najnižje ocene pa so prejeli vodenje, pravočasnost odločitev, pohvale, nagrajevanje in možnosti napredovanja.
Ugotovitve kažejo, da zdravstvene organizacije trenutno delujejo predvsem na račun izjemnega poklicnega ponosa in notranje motivacije zaposlenih, medtem ko sistemski mehanizmi (vodenje, nagrajevanje, napredovanje) ostajajo šibki. Raziskava ponuja konkretne in takoj izvedljive predloge za izboljšave, katerih uvedba bi lahko bistveno zvišala zadovoljstvo in zmanjšala odliv kadra – še posebej mlajših generacij, ki so na te pomanjkljivosti še bolj občutljive.The diploma thesis examines the impact of organisational climate on employee satisfaction in Slovenian healthcare—an issue that has become particularly relevant in light of chronic staff shortages and the increasing outflow of employees abroad or into other professions. The purpose of the research was to determine the extent to which organisational climate affects employee satisfaction and to identify the most influential factors.
Using a quantitative research method, a survey questionnaire was distributed to employees in various healthcare organisations. A total of 160 fully completed questionnaires were returned, providing a sufficient and representative sample.
The results show a moderately favourable organisational climate (average score 3.55) and a relatively high level of employee satisfaction (average score 3.81), with a strong positive correlation between the two (r = 0.674p < 0.001). The highest ratings were given to professional responsibility, engagement, relationships with colleagues, and willingness to make an extra effort, confirming that employees continue to perceive their work as a mission. The lowest ratings were assigned to leadership, timeliness of decision-making, recognition, rewards, and opportunities for advancement.
The findings indicate that healthcare organisations currently rely largely on employees’ strong professional pride and intrinsic motivation, while systemic mechanisms (leadership, reward systems, advancement opportunities) remain weak. The study offers concrete and immediately applicable recommendations whose implementation could significantly increase satisfaction and reduce staff turnover—particularly among younger generations, who tend to be even more sensitive to these shortcomings