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Reimagining the Criminal Justice Response to Sexual Assault
Get PDFAfter a crime is reported, several different stakeholders work to take the case from a police report to a conviction. In sexual assault cases, these stakeholders may consist of police officers, medical professionals, advocates, forensic scientists, prosecutors, and others. Yet, this process cannot begin until a victim reports their crime to law enforcement. Sexual assault cases are widely underreported and for a variety of reasons. Data from the 2015-2019 National Crime Victimization Survey suggests that only about one-third of sexual assaults are reported to police, while only about 3% lead to a felony conviction (RAINN, n.d.).
The criminal justice community must provide all victims with a trauma-informed and effective response to crime. It is imperative that the community work to develop and employ methods that promote the empowerment of sexual assault victims while increasing their willingness to report the crime, engage in the investigation, and participate in the criminal prosecution of their offender.
Criminal justice communities must consider implementing a multi-disciplinary, coordinated response to better serve victims of sexual assault. In this essay, the author reviews the issues of under-reporting and low conviction rates related to sexual assault. The author will explore the benefits and challenges of implementing an embedded victim advocacy program or creating a sexual assault response team while also focusing on the shortcomings of modern-day sexual offender treatment programs
Educating the Whole Child: The Transformative Power of Self-Efficacy
Get PDFThis paper examined research on the teaching strategies that impact self-efficacy and student achievement. This topic was explored through a multitude of quantitative and qualitative studies which provided a comprehensive understanding of overall benefits of increasing self-efficacy, teachers\u27 roles in development, and multitude of strategies used in the classroom to support teachers in creating student learning experiences that promote self-efficacy. This research goes beyond what structures are needed for student success and delves into the methods used to support the whole child from a psychological perspective that prepares them for success outside of the classroom. Further research is needed to determine best practices, long term benefits, and additional strategies that should be integrated by educators into a self-efficacy focused learning environment
Kinematics of the Shoulder Complex After Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Get PDFIntroduction
Background: The reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) is a common surgical intervention to address massive rotator cuff tears concurrent with glenohumeral osteoarthritis.1,2 Kinematics following rTSA have been thoroughly studied, demonstrating significant improvements in gross movement outcomes of the shoulder, specifically functional upper extremity elevation.3 However, the correlation between shoulder kinematics and patient-reported function of the surgically reversed shoulder joint are not well understood.
Purpose: To determine the relationship between shoulder complex osteokinematics and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) after rTSA
Methods
Participants: 15 participants (7 males, 8 females) Average age: 75.3 years Minimum 12 months status post rTSA
Tests and Measures: The Pohemus G4 3D electromagnetic motion capture system4 was utilized to capture humeral and scapular osteokinematics. Participants completed three repetitions of upper extremity elevation in three different planes of motion: the sagittal plane, frontal plane, and a plane 45 degrees anterior of the frontal plane.
Data Analysis: Spearman Correlation
Results
The median DASH score was 12.5 (minimum 1.7, maximum 41.6). Moderate correlations were found between DASH scores and abduction (r = -0.50, p=0.06) as well as DASH scores and scapular plane elevation (r = -0.47, p=0.08).
Conclusion
The DASH is a patient-reported outcome measure that allows for the consideration of the completion of activities with either extremity. Future research should utilize an outcome tool that accounts for unilateral reporting, allowing data collection specific to the post-operative side. This may contribute to a better understanding of scapular osteokinematics and the relationship to the selected outcome measures.
Clinical Relevance
Though the moderate correlations between DASH scores GH elevation into abduction and the plane of the scapula did not reach significance, the scapula and its actions should not be neglected in rehabilitation after rTSA
Episode 41: Emma McDowell: Celebrating CSPday
No full textCSPday is March 14, 2024. Emma McDowell, Philanthropy Engagement Coordinator, joins us to talk about how our community comes together on CSPday to make a significant impact for our students
Identifying Factors That Contribute to Stress Among College Athletes
No full textThis paper will cover serious topics that relate to college students but also specifically college athletes and what they deal with as student athletes at universities. Being a former collegiate athlete and now a current college coach it is easy to understand the struggles that college athletes go through that may not be well known to the public eye. The main problem to address in this paper is identifying the factors that contribute to stress for college athletes. Losing and winning games are factors that can affect a team as a whole but as an individual identifying what causes stress for players is hard to pinpoint and narrow down to one specific factor. The reason this topic is important and needs to be talked about more is because many young adults deal with stress at a high rate, not just athletes but younger adults in general around the college age, which is why Universities are required to have specific programs and guidelines in place to address those issues. Athletes see these issues from a slightly different lens, especially when you factor in money and NIL money which has been in the forefront of college sports for the past couple of years. Adding in a new element such as the NIL which deals with big companies and endorsements, the financial hold that this new world has started to take in college sports brings a different level of pressure to college athletes. This study will survey students and ask them specific questions pertaining to the stress they are experiencing not just on the court but in the classroom as well
Short-term and One-week Follow-up of Dry Needling Effects on Shoulder Range of Motion and Strength with Asymptomatic Individuals
Get PDFDry needling, a subcutaneous treatment intervention using fine filiform needles, is growing in popularity amongst manual therapists and is used in treating myofascial trigger points, pain, range of motion, and strength, albeit with limited research. This research aimed to measure the effect of dry needling on the shoulder, its impact on external rotation, and abduction range of motion and strength with an asymptomatic cohort of individuals. It is hypothesized that dry needling on a cohort of healthy individuals will not influence both range of motion and strength.
This study consisted of a convenience sample of 20 university students aged 20 – 23. All participants acted as the intervention and control group, with one side of the body receiving the dry needling technique and the other as the control (no dry needling side). Participants underwent baseline strength and range of motion measurements, followed by their first dry-needling session 24 to 48 hours later. A second dry needling session was performed 48 hours after the first with post-intervention measurements taken immediately afterward. After a five to seven-day period, the participant returned for their final, or second post-intervention, measurements of strength and range of motion.
A repeated measures ANOVA, or within-subjects ANOVA with Bonferroni, was performed with the analyses focused on within interaction effect of the range of motion and strength. Pairwise comparisons measured differences between baseline, first post-intervention and second post-intervention. The results showed significant increases in strength over time for abduction with dry needling, which was primarily driven by the female participants (p = .04) as opposed to the male participants (p = .61). Interestingly, the impact of dry needling in strength in both abduction and external rotation for the whole cohort was shown immediately after the second dry needling session, with the first being 48 hours before. With shoulder abduction range of motion there was statistically significant effect in both the standing and supine positions. Interestingly, external rotation range of motion increased significantly with and without dry needling from baseline to the post-intervention two session, one week after the dry needling sessions.
Dry needling may be effective in improving strength and range of motion and the results from this study may provide the impetus for more future research on this topic which may lead to dry needling being an option as a preventative measure with all populations, especially those prone to eventual dysfunction that includes diminished range of motion and strength
The Joy of Learning
Get PDFEarly childhood education has undergone significant changes in recent years (Harmon & Viruru, 2018). The increasing focus on academic success and the rising use of technology have somewhat overshadowed the joy of learning in young children (Przybylski & Weinstein, 2019). However, it\u27s important to remember that play, often sacrificed in favor of structured academic activities, is a crucial aspect of developmentally appropriate practice in early childhood. These playful learning experiences are essential in sparking the joy of learning in young children (Friedman et al,, 2021). The research indicates that factors such as academic push-down, excessive use of technology, lack of play, or the absence of unstructured playtime can all have a negative impact on the joy of learning. Social-emotional learning is another vital component of early childhood education. Children with strong social-emotional skills are more motivated, can regulate their emotions, communicate and interact with others, build relationships, and solve problems (Cuartas et al., 2022). The key findings of this research highlight the importance of developmentally appropriate practice, social-emotional learning, positive teacher-child interactions, and parent involvement. This paper is a focused analysis and synthesis of these research findings.
Keywords: developmentally appropriate practice (DAP), early childhood education (ECE), social-emotional learning (SEL), whole child development, academic push down, joy of learnin
The Benefits of Replacing Sitting with Standing on Metabolic Risks in Adolescence
No full textObesity is a growing concern in the United States, with projections indicating that half of the American population will be obese by 2030. This alarming trend is especially critical among children, where obesity not only poses immediate health risks but also increases the likelihood of obesity-related diseases in adulthood. Physical inactivity significantly contributes to obesity. The rate of physical activity decreases as children age, often due to reduced participation in sports and increased interest in social media and gaming. Current interventions to reduce sedentary behavior in adolescents are limited, particularly in the classroom setting. This study addresses the gap in research by looking at the impact of stand-biased desks on physical activity, BMI, and blood pressure among adolescents aged 13-17. The hypothesis is that less sitting time will increase physical activity levels, lower BMI-to-age percentiles, and improve blood pressure, thereby reducing metabolic risks. The study will use accelerometers to monitor activity levels and apply a crossover design to assess the effectiveness of stand-biased desks over six months. The research aims to show the benefits of reducing sitting time in the classroom by using a crossover design and accelerometers to track activity. It is anticipated that this will encourage more physical activity and decrease metabolic risks by providing insights into the benefits of reducing sedentary time in adolescents and help with future educational and public health strategies
The Benefits of Inquiry-Based Learning in Mathematics Across All Grade Levels
Get PDFThis paper examined research indicating the negative effects the conventional learning model has on mathematical instruction. It suggests a new way of teaching math known as inquiry-based learning, or IBL. The research analyzed how inquiry-based learning in mathematics effects student content knowledge, and critical thinking skills, which can lead to lucrative STEM based careers. The research analyzed was qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods. The studies addressed how inquiry-based learning effects various populations of students who have historically struggled in mathematics and are lacking in representation in STEM based careers such as women and diverse populations. Research indicated that inquiry-based learning increases student content knowledge and critical thinking skills. In addition, inquiry-based learning positively effects women and diverse populations of learners due to its student-centered approach. Inquiry-based learning creates an increased motivation in math for not only women and diverse populations, but all students. Additional research was conducted on how educators can bring this teaching method into practice. Research indicated effective professional development which included a community of educators to collaborate which allowed for effective implementation. Further longitudinal research is needed to determine if long-term IBL implementation (from elementary to collegiate level) leads to a significant increase in STEM based career choices
Impact of Coaching on Teacher Development and Student Achievement
Get PDFThis paper examined research on the job-embedded professional development (PD) of teacher coaching. It offered insights into which aspects of a coaching program are the most effective in positively influencing teacher efficacy and student development. Research focusing on the characteristics of coaches, coaching in various educational settings, and different coaching models were explored. The studies occurred at schools throughout the world and included students from elementary through high school. The teachers and coaches had varying years of experience and represented many grade levels and subjects. From the studies, researchers determined a few key attributes successful coaches possess. Additionally, the studies concluded that schools utilize many coaching models effectively in several different environments. These insights revealed that relationships between coaches and teachers influence the outcome of a coaching program, the resources available limit the models used, and successful coaching in various locations. This discernment can aid educational leaders in developing and implementing a coaching program. Further research on the cost-benefits of coaching, coach training, and the plausibility of scaling up the programming needs investigation.
Keywords: coaching, professional development, teacher efficac