Expresní Astronomické Informace
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Domov je tam, kde vládnou lidé! : idea socialistické vlasti a její emoční režim v NDR
No full textIn the post-war years, the German Democratic Republic competed against the Federal Republic of Germany for providing a new beginning in Nazi-Germany. Thus, the ruling Socialist Unity Party started a broad campaign to acknowledge the new order as a prerequisite of Heimat. An emotional regime forms the backdrop to the theory of socialist Heimat, in which the people loves the state, the party and its neighbours. This paper examines the ideology of a socialist Heimat and the emotional regime, which used the political leaders of the country to direct the patriotic feelings of their inhabitants towards socialism. At the end, this essay additionally offers some remarks on the impact of this process and focuses on how Heimat became a special notion in the GDR with particular aspects
Care at home : voluntary care in the lives of those who provide and need help in three (post)socialist states
Full text linkDuring the state socialist era in the GDR, the People\u27s Republic of Poland and Czechoslovakia, care for the elderly and people in need of help was often provided at home. Volunteers from the national Red Cross societies, the East German organization People\u27s Solidarity or neighborhood helpers from the residential area cared for needy people in the place that determined their reality of life – their own home. The way in which the home shaped social voluntary care for helpers and those in need before and after 1989 will be the subject of this paper. Keywords: care, elderly, home, volunteering, state socialism, German Democratic Republic, People\u27s Republic of Poland, Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
A questions of suicide in "The Meek One" by Dostoevsky : (psychological approach)
Full text linkФ.М. Достоевский является представителем психологического реализма, изучающим «дно человеческой души». В 1876 г. он написал произведение «Кроткая», в то время в Санкт-Петербурге статистики показывают большое количество совершённых самоубийств. В статье рассматриваются мотивы и поступок самоубийства главной героини произведения в сравнении с исследованиями и диагностическим материалом современной психологии и психиатрии. На основе современных психологических исследований и психиатрических клас- сификаций (МКБ-10; ВОЗ) определяется суицидальное поведение, его черты и проявления на материале литературного произведения, литературного персонажа – Кроткой.Dostoevsky is a representative of psychological realism exploring the "bottom of the human soul". In 1876 he wrote the work The Meek One, at that time, in St. Petersburg, a relatively high percentage of suicides took place. The study examines the motives and act of the suicide of the main character of the work compared to the research and diagnostic material of modern psychology and psychiatry. Based on modern psychological research and psychiatric classifications (ICD-10; WHO), it is defined suicidal behavior, its features and manifestations on the material of a literary work, a literary character – Meek
A dialogue on Dostoevsky
Full text linkНеформальный диалог двух историков русской литературы, одного из Польши, другого из Швейцарии, о Достоевском. Речь идет о рецепции творчества писателя и его биографии, о насаждении его нового культа, о важнейших чертах его творчества, о его художественных открытиях. Отдельно говорится о значении Достоевского в наши дни, когда Россия использует его воззрения, строя свою великодержавную мифологию.We present an informal dialogue about Dostoevsky between two historians of the Russian literature, one from Poland, the other one from Switzerland. The conversation approaches different subjects such as the reception of Dostoevsky as writer and as man, installation of his new cult, the salient traits of his work, his artistic discoveries. One particular topic concerns Dostoevsky\u27s role today when Russia is using his ideas to build its mythology of a great power
The rhetoric of F. Dostoevsky-publicist ("Writer\u27s Diary") : on the question of the communicative features of the style
Full text linkРиторика публицистики Ф.Достоевского рассматривается как система элементов коммуникативного акта, устанавливающего канал связи между писателем и читателем. В статье дается характеристика функций наиболее важных риторических приемов обработки факта, способствующих эмоционально-логической связности текста: контрапункта, приема умолчания, лексических и синтаксических повторов, этимологического комментария, использование «чужого» слова, именного текста и т.д. Стилевая неоднородность повествования создает эффект живой речи, оперативно реагирующей на точку зрения предполагаемого оппонента. Включение в авторский текст «чужого» слова придает монологическому высказыванию диа- логический характер, определяет динамику высказывания, создает эффект живого общения с читателем, что было одним из основных стимулов работы писателя над «Дневником».The rhetoric of F. Dostoevsky\u27s journalism is considered a system of elements of a communicative act that establishes a communication channel between the writer and the reader. The article describes the functions of the most important rhetorical techniques of fact processing that contribute to the emotional and logical coherence of the text: counterpoint, preterition, lexical and syntactic repetitions, etymological commentary, use of «someone else\u27s» word, nominal text, etc. The stylistic heterogeneity of the narration creates the effect of live speech that responds promptly to the point of view of the perceived opponent. The inclusion of "someone else\u27s" word in the author\u27s text gives the monologue a dialogical character, determines the dynamics of the statement, and creates the effect of live communication with the reader. It was one of the main incentives of the writer\u27s work on the "Diary"
