PsychArchives (ZPID Leibniz-Zentrum für Psychologische Information und Dokumentation)
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KLARpsy-Text: Senkt ein Smartphone in Griffweite die Denkleistung?
No full textKLARpsy-Texte sind kurze, lai:innengerechte, allgemeinverständliche und richtlinienbasierte Zusammenfassungen psychologischer Übersichtsarbeiten. Dieser KLARpsy-Text hat den Titel “Senkt ein Smartphone in Griffweite die Denkleistung?”. Er wurde von Mitarbeitenden des Leibniz-Instituts für Psychologie verfasst. Eine anonyme testlesende Person war beteiligt. Der KLARpsy-Text befasst sich mit folgenden Inhalten: Immer mehr Länder verbieten Smartphones in Schulen. Dahinter steht die Sorge, dass Smartphones eher schaden als nützen. Tatsächlich zeigen einige Studien: Schon das Smartphone in Griffweite zu haben kann die kognitiven Fähigkeiten verschlechtern - selbst wenn es gar nicht verwendet wird. Dieser Zusammenhang ist als Brain-Drain-Effekt bekannt. Laut Forschung soll dies daran liegen, dass Smartphones uns ablenken und das Arbeitsgedächtnis beeinträchtigt wird. Allerdings bestätigen nicht alle Studien diesen Effekt. Mit ihrer Übersichtsarbeit wollten die Forschenden herausfinden: Haben Personen niedrigere kognitive Fähigkeiten, wenn ein Smartphone in der Nähe ist, als wenn keines in der Nähe ist? Gibt es diesen Effekt nur bei bestimmten kognitiven Fähigkeiten oder nur in bestimmten Regionen? Das Smartphone in unmittelbarer Nähe kann die Denkleistung verschlechtern – selbst dann, wenn es nicht aktiv genutzt wird.https://klarpsy.de/hintergrundunknownunknow
The role of math games for children’s early math learning: A systematic review
No full textMath learning in early childhood is critical for later success, as it is predictive of mathematical and academic achievement through adolescence. Therefore, developing engaging and effective methods for early math instruction are important. Math games are a common method for teaching math in a way that is motivating and engaging for young children and are often used in early childhood classrooms. However, research on what games are effective and who can benefit from playing them often focuses on single elements or contexts of gameplay, and there is little research summarizing the effects of math games on children’s learning. The current systematic review presents research on the impact of math games on preschool through third grade children’s math development, examining what game contexts, types, and content areas are effective for math learning, who can learn from games, and what features of math games effectively promote learning in early childhood. Themes in the literature include the impact of game design factors, math outcomes studied, and dosage of gameplay for learning through games. The review reveals that future research is needed to compare the effects of gameplay across contexts and to examine additional factors influencing children’s learning from games.peerReviewedpublishedVersio
An interdisciplinary investigation into the behaviors that build (and express) interpersonal trust
No full textThe expression of specific nonverbal behaviors has been proposed to play an important role in the development of interpersonal trust. In this review, we examined the andragogical descriptions presented by 8 different disciplines for which behaviors are used to build trust. Despite drawing from largely separate source material, cross-discipline analyses revealed consistency regarding the recommended behaviors that should be used to communicate trust, including eye contact, smiling, mimicry, and maintaining physical proximity. A comparison of these behaviors with those seen in the attraction literature and parenting context further suggests that the function of such behaviors is not confined to the professional context. A model in which affiliative behaviors are used in the expression of trust and interpersonal attraction is discussed.peerReviewedpublishedVersio
Dataset for: The efficacy of psychotherapy treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials, EMDR
No full textStandardized CAMA dataset based on: The efficacy of psychotherapy and pharmacological treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (PROSPERO Preregistration: CRD42020171289). Treatment subgroup: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).unknow
Heroic death: A melancholic existentialist psychobiography of Jacques de Molay [Author Accepted Manuscript]
No full textThis psychobiography aimed to reconstruct the life and death of Jacques de Molay (1243-1314), with particular focus upon his heroism as a mitigating psychological mechanism against the terror of death. Jacques de Molay was purposively sampled as subject. He was the Grand Master of the Knights Templar, an order of knighthood founded during the Crusades and dedicated to the mission of protecting Christian pilgrims and defending the Holy Land. He was confronted by betrayal; arrest; torture; confessions of heresy under duress; and public execution. Jacques de Molay’s life offers an exemplary illustration of the melancholic existentialist theory of Ernest Becker, who posited that mortality creates profound existential anxiety. This drives individuals to seek meaning in a ‘heroic struggle’, as an anxietybuffering mechanism, to stifle the terror of death and dying. This psycho-historical analysis was conducted via the methodology of psychobiography. Publicly available historical and biographical data sources were utilized, and significant evidence across the lifespan of de Molay were extracted using the indicators of biographical salience promulgated by Irving Alexander. Salient themes and events were interpreted via Becker’s melancholic existential theory, with particular emphasis upon heroism. Jacques de Molay’s role as Grand Master represented his heroic dedication to the Knights Templar and their mission. The torture he endured and his refusal to betray the Templars’ ideals exemplified a heroic struggle against mortality. Instead of capitulating to terror and falsehood, de Molay faced his death maturely, thereby achieving existential authenticity and symbolic immortality.reviewedacceptedVersio
Alexithymia and internet addiction: Mediating role of social connectedness, impulsivity, and moderation by depression
No full textInternet addiction is a mounting concern in current times. Recent studies indicate a link between alexithymia and Internet addiction, but the underlying mechanisms of this association require more investigation. The present study explores the relationship between alexithymia and Internet addiction, with the mediating effect of Impulsivity and social connectedness, and the moderating effect of depression. A convenience sample of 362 participants between the ages of 18 and 25 years participated in this study and completed the Young’s Internet Addiction Test, Toronto-Alexithymia Scale, The Social Connectedness Scale, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale 15, and The Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale Revised. The results indicate that the direct effect of alexithymia on Internet addiction is partially mediated through impulsivity and social connectedness. Further, the moderating effect of depression is found to be non-significant. The results revealed two possible pathways through which alexithymia influences Internet addiction. Future research and interventions on Internet addiction can use these findings to mitigate the adverse outcomes of Internet addiction.peerReviewedpublishedVersio
Intergenerational gender preferences in romantic partner selection: An Indonesian perspective
No full textTrends in the transition of gender role expectations that have occurred in the last few decades have slowly shifted the views regarding the characteristics that are deemed important in a romantic partner. Both evolutionary and contemporary perspectives are considered in the effort to better understand changes in these shifts. This study aims to explore these shifts by comparing data from two generations based on the year of marriage. Using a cross-sectional design, 279 Indonesian heterosexual married adults (Mage = 39.95; SD = 10.23) completed the Mate Preferences Questionnaire. Participants were grouped by the year of marriage: the senior group (n = 96; married before 2000) and the younger group (n = 163; married after 2000). Their responses were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA. The study results show that based on sex differences, there were no significant differences between the senior group and the younger group in romantic partner preferences. However, when considering the time of marriage, participants in the younger group prioritised certain criteria more strongly than those in the senior group. These included maintaining order, being ambitious, and having good prospects in terms of intelligence and finances. The interaction between gender differences and marital duration showed significant differences in the importance of similar education levels as well as good education and intelligence. The study highlights the impact of evolving gender role expectations on the process of selecting romantic partners.peerReviewedpublishedVersio
The Deconstruction, the square of opposites and metahermeneutic triplexreflection in integrative supervision
No full textEs wird darauf aufmerksam gemacht, dass der Dekonstruktivismus einen Einfluss auf die Integrative Supervision hat. Begriffe, wie Dekonstruktion, Konstruktion und Destruktion werden erklärt. Es wird der Versuch unternommen, den Ansatz von Derrida und seine Bedeutung für die Integrative Supervision zu erklären. Es folgen Beschreibungen weiterer Möglichkeiten der Reflexion: das Viereck der Gegensätze und die Triplexreflexion. Die Oszillation zwischen Zentrizität und Exzentrizität wird als wichtige Herangehensweise der Integrativen Supervision hervorgehoben.It is pointed out that deconstructionism has an influence on integrative supervision. Terms such as deconstruction, construction and destruction are explained. An attempt is made to explain Derrida’s approach and its significance for integrative supervision. This is followed by descriptions of other possibilities for reflection: the square of opposites and triplexreflection. The oscillation between centricity and eccentricity is highlighted as an important approach in integrative supervision.https://www.fpi-publikation.de/supervision/03-2025-henze-o-die-dekonstruktion-das-viereck-der-gegensaetze-und-die-metahermeneutische-triplexreflexion-in-der-integrativen-supervision-und-therapie/peerReviewedpublishedVersio
Dataset on Psychological Effects of Chemical Attack Survivors, 2023
No full textThis dataset contains psychological assessment data collected from survivors of a chemical attack in 2023. It includes standardized questionnaire measures of PTSD, anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms and trauma exposure, as well as demographic information such as gender, age, occupation,level of education, chronic disease, and living conditions.unknow
The Thought Code in Practice – A Psychological-Systemic Tool for Deep Analysis, Learning Support & Decoding of Language Patterns
No full textDieses Modell beschreibt den „Gedanken-Code“ – ein psychologisch-systemisches Reflexionsmodell zur Analyse sprachlicher, emotionaler und beziehungsdynamischer Muster. Ziel ist es, Denk- und Beziehungsmuster auf individueller und systemischer Ebene sichtbar und verstehbar zu machen. Dabei integriert das Modell evidenzbasierte Bildungsforschung (z. B. nach John Hattie), philosophische Grundlagen (Phronesis nach Aristoteles) sowie ethische Reflexionsprinzipien. Die Anwendung erfolgt über ein praxisorientiertes 5-Phasen-System (Daten – Emotion – Abgleich – Maßnahme – Evaluation), ergänzt durch ein Doppellinsen-Modell aus objektiver Datenanalyse und subjektiver Beziehungstiefe.This document presents the “Thought Code” – a psychological-systemic reflection model for analyzing linguistic, emotional, and relational patterns. The goal is to make thought and relationship patterns visible and understandable on both individual and systemic levels. The model integrates evidence-based educational research (e.g., Hattie), philosophical foundations (such as Aristotelian phronesis), and ethical reflection principles. Its application is based on a practical five-phase system (Data – Emotion – Alignment – Intervention – Evaluation), complemented by a double-lens model combining objective data analysis and subjective relational depth.unknow