PsychArchives (ZPID Leibniz-Zentrum für Psychologische Information und Dokumentation)
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Supplementary materials for: "Autistic-like traits in members of the general population and mate retention tactics: The mediation of attachment styles and reproductive strategies."
No full textSupplementary materials for the article: Autistic-like traits in members of the general population and mate retention tactics: The mediation of attachment styles and reproductive strategies.Autistic-like traits (ALTs) have been the subject of a substantial body of research, including studies exploring romantic relationships. However, few scholars have approached ALTs from an evolutionary perspective. We tested a model of relations between ALTs and mate retention tactics taking into consideration mediators central to evolutionary life history theory: reproductive strategies and attachment styles. Structural equation modeling (SEM) involving results from 796 individuals (52% females) showed that individuals with higher ALTs do not use tactics inflicting costs on their mates, but they do not engage in benefit provisioning, either. In romantic relationships, ALTs are not so much associated with evolutionary strategies as with attachment styles – both fearful and avoidant. The results indicate also that there are no mediation effects of attachments between Alt's and mate retention tactics. We found only a positive direct effect anxious attachment on benefit-provisioning and cost-inflicting domain and a negative direct effect avoidant attachment on benefit domain. The sex of the participants was not found to be a moderator in the tested model.unknownunknow
Socrates' voluntary death: An essential voice against the pathologisation of suicide [Author Accepted Manuscript]
No full textObjectives: The article focuses on the death of the Greek philosopher Socrates from the 5th century BCE as a significant inspiration for contemporary discourse on suicide (an essential voice against the pathologisation of suicide). It aims to highlight how an individual and their socio-cultural environment interact when dealing with the problem of death. Methods: The psychobiographical approach used a single-case analysis as the starting point for theoretical discussion on suicide. The essential feature of the presented study is an interpretive - descriptive approach. Results: An analysis reveals Socrates’ motivations in the context of ancient Greek culture, particularly regarding the concept of honour-shame, which played an important role in the organisation of social and mental life in the Mediterranean world. However, the honour-shame dimension is not limited to ancient Greek culture; it is closely related to the universal concept of 'social status'. Honour-shame and social status can identify and explain the motivational processes behind the suicidal decision. Conclusions: The example of Socrates (who chooses death to avoid shame and preserve his honour) allows us to receive an alternative perspective on suicide, especially concerning the right to suicide and the problem of its medicalisation and pathologisation. In this light, we should also ask for an alternative design of preventive programs and legal assessments of suicide.reviewedacceptedVersio
Dataset for: The efficacy of psychotherapy treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials, treatments other than PE and EMDR
No full textStandardized CAMA dataset based on: The efficacy of psychotherapy and pharmacological treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (PROSPERO Preregistration: CRD42020171289). Treatment subgroup: Other treatments than PE and EMDR.unknow
Communicating Psychological Research Findings to the Public: Handling Technical Terms
No full textThe findings of psychological studies are not only relevant and interesting for scientists, but also for non-scientists. To communicate scientific evidence to the public, plain language summaries have been introduced. A notable challenge associated with drafting plain language summaries pertains to the management of technical terminology. Technical terms can impede the comprehension of texts for lay readers. Additionally, employing or not employing technical terms in plain language summaries could influence the way in which the reader assesses the author of the text in terms of epistemic trustworthiness. While employment of technical terms may indicate a high level of expertise, it may also make the authors of the texts seem less warm and less trustworthy on an affective level. The question arises as to whether technical terms in a plain language summary should be replaced by a layfriendly term or whether they should be retained. This protocol outlines the design of an experimental study investigating the effect of the replacement versus retainment of technical terms in plain language summaries on several outcomes, focusing on epistemic trustworthiness and author warmth vs. competence.unknownothe
Navigating Unconscious Semantic Processing Through Hand Motion: A Mouse-Cursor Tracking Study
No full textResearch into unconscious cognitive processing has uncovered that subliminal exposure to stimuli can activate semantically related pairs across different domains. We revisit Van Opstal and Rooyakkers' (2022) same-different task by employing motion-based mouse-cursor tracking to investigate conditions that facilitate this phenomenon. Our research demonstrates that, under a reduced trial setting (80 trials), subliminal semantic priming occurs only in the no-cross-domain condition (e.g., prime and target are both numbers). When trials were increased to 480, we observed congruency effects in the cross-domain condition (prime and target derived from different categories, letters and numbers), suggesting that unconscious semantic processing is highly context-dependent and temporally sensitive. Our findings indicate that mouse-cursor tracking methods offer a bigger window into subliminal processing by examining how we perceive things outside of our awareness and how unconscious processing is connected to our bodies that is communicated in motion.notReviewedothe
Data for the Stage 2 Registered Report: Restriction of researcher degrees of freedom through the Psychological Research Preregistration-Quantitative (PRP-QUANT) Template
No full textData for the Stage 2 Registered Report: Restriction of researcher degrees of freedom through the Psychological Research Preregistration-Quantitative (PRP-QUANT) Templateunknow
Merely Beyond One’s Role or Even Against It? How Empowering Leadership Can Promote Task Revision via Risk Propensity
No full textDieser Vortrag geht der Frage nach, ob Empowering Leadership, das In-Role- und Extra-Role-Behavior von Mitarbeitenden fördert, auch Task Revision Behavior (ein Verhalten, bei dem Mitarbeitende bewusst entgegen bestehender Rollenanforderungen oder Anweisungen handeln, um z.B. ineffiziente Prozesse zu korrigieren) fördern kann. Angesichts des sich rasch verändernden organisatorischen Umfelds wird Task Revision Behavior zunehmend entscheidend für die effektive Zielerreichung in Unternehmen. Die Ergebnisse aus vier Studien (total N = 1336) zeigen, dass Empowering Leadership Task Revision durch eine erhöhte Risikobereitschaft der Mitarbeitenden fördert.Am 27. November 2024 sprach Dr. Stefanie Marx-Fleck von der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt im ZPID-Kolloquium.This talk explores how empowering leadership, typically recognized for enhancing employee in-role and extra-role behavior, may also promote task revision – where employees independently take actions to correct inefficient procedures or expectations. In the context of a rapidly changing organizational landscape, task revision behavior becomes crucial for achieving organizational goals, though its connection to empowering leadership remains unclear. Results from four studies (total N = 1336) demonstrate that empowering leadership fosters task revision by increasing employees' risk propensity.On November 27th, 2024 Stefanie Marx-Fleck from the Goethe University Frankfurt spoke at the ZPID Colloquium.unknow
Analysis Scripts for the Stage 2 Registered Report: Restriction of researcher degrees of freedom through the Psychological Research Preregistration-Quantitative (PRP-QUANT) Template
No full textAnalysis Scripts for the Stage 2 Registered Report: Restriction of researcher degrees of freedom through the Psychological Research Preregistration-Quantitative (PRP-QUANT) Templateunknownunknow
Eine Vergleichsstudie zwischen wahrgenommener und metaanalytischer Wirksamkeit im Bildungsbereich
No full textLehramtsstudierende streben den Beruf des Lehrens an und werden somit eine große Verantwortung im Bildungssystem tragen sowie einen großen Einfluss auf den Bildungserfolg der Schüler:innen haben. Diese Studie untersucht daher die subjektive Einschätzung der Wirksamkeit schulischer Einflussfaktoren auf den Lernerfolg durch Lehramtsstudierende im Vergleich zu Psychologiestudierenden.unknownothe
What are the consequences of perfectionistic reactivity? A systematic review of studies employing experimental manipulation
No full textPerfectionistic individuals show a heightened sensitivity to mistakes and failure – known as perfectionistic reactivity. There is a growing body of work that has sought to examine this phenomenon. This has included studies examining relationships between perfectionism and certain outcomes (e.g., anxiety), but it also includes studies that have adopted some form of experimental manipulation. Such studies seek to induce failure or mistakes so as to provide the necessary foundations for perfectionistic reactivity. While systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been conducted on the former, no such review of studies that involve experimental manipulation has been performed. Consequently, we aim to provide the first such review.unknownothe