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Datasets for: Flexibility mindsets enhance pro-environmental behavioral intentions among those with a low pro-environmental default tendency
No full textEnvironmental psychology provides several promising approaches to enhance pro-environmental behavior. However, these are usually only effective within a specific content domain and less so among people who are not yet committed to environmental protection. The current research introduces so-called flexibility mindsets as a content-neutral cognitive strategy that initiates a reconsideration of one’s default cognitive and behavioral tendencies. Across three studies (total N = 1,005), we induced a flexibility mindset via subtractive counterfactual thinking (“If only I had not…”) both within and outside the environmental domain. In line with our hypothesis, these flexibility mindset inductions enhanced pro-environmental behavioral intentions (e.g., to reduce consumption of animal-based food), especially among those with a lower pro-environmental default tendency. These effects held across different behavioral domains, thereby highlighting the potential of flexibility mindsets to induce the general “mindshift” necessary to foster a sustainable lifestyle.Datasets for: Winter, K., Henn, L., & Sassenberg, K. (2025). Flexibility mindsets enhance pro-environmental behavioral intentions among those with a low pro-environmental default tendency. Journal of Environmental Psychology.unknow
Rezension von: Kaul, Eva & Fischer, Markus, (Hg). (2024). Einführung in die Integrative Körperpsychotherapie IBP (Integrative Body Psychotherapy)
No full textNo abstract
available.reviewedpublishedVersio
Recensione di: Rizzolatti, G. & Sinigaglia, C. (2005). So quel che fai. Il cervello che agisce e i neuroni specchio
No full textNo abstract
available.reviewedpublishedVersio
Dysregulated Emotion Processing in Euthymic Bipolar I: An ERP and Facial EMG Investigation
No full textBackground
Emotion regulation (ER) disturbances and heightened emotional reactivity are considered trait-like features of bipolar I disorder (BD-I). Neurobiological models link these alterations to disrupted prefrontal-limbic connectivity and impaired top-down control. This study investigated two ER strategies—distraction and reappraisal—in euthymic BD-I and matched healthy controls (HC), examining subjective experience, electrocortical activity (P300, LPP), and facial muscle responses (corrugator, zygomaticus).
Methods
Participants (nBD-I = 22; nHC = 22) viewed positive, negative, and neutral IAPS images while instructed to passively view, reappraise, or distract via mental calculations. Emotion ratings were collected after each trial. Event-related potentials (ERPs) and facial electromyography (EMG) were recorded. Trait ER was assessed using the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ).
Results
During passive viewing, BD-I reported elevated affect to neutral and positive images and showed heightened early corrugator activity, while ERP responses did not differ between groups. During ER, HC showed robust LPP and EMG attenuation across ER strategies and valences. BD-I showed reduced or delayed modulation—particularly during reappraisal of positive affect—despite some self-reported downregulation, which was less pronounced compared to HC. Zygomaticus activity remained elevated in BD-I during positive affect regulation. BD-I also reported greater habitual use of maladaptive strategies (rumination, catastrophizing) and lower use of positive reappraisal.
Limitations
Small sample size, and no arousal ratings constrain generalizability.
Conclusions
Findings suggest valence- and modality-specific ER impairments in euthymic BD-I, particularly for positive affect, consistent with partial dissociation across emotion response systems.notReviewedothe
The modulating effect of cognitive reserve on dysfunctional beliefs in aging [Author Accepted Manuscript]
No full textThis study explores the role of cognitive reserve (CR) as a protective factor in late adulthood, focusing on its associations with cognitive performance, dysfunctional beliefs, and motivational orientation. A total of 100 older adults aged 65 to 93 completed standardized assessments: the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and the Dysfunctional Beliefs Questionnaire (DBQ). Motivation was also assessed through qualitative responses categorized into thematic domains. Correlation analyses revealed that higher CR was significantly associated with better cognitive functioning (r = .62, p < .001) and fewer overall dysfunctional beliefs (r = –.26, p < .05), particularly self-criticism and frustration intolerance (both r = –.40, p < .01). No significant correlations were found with catastrophizing or absolute duty beliefs. Individuals with higher CR also showed a greater tendency toward positive motivational themes (χ² = 7.98, p < .01), while those with lower CR more frequently reported negative motivations (χ² = 5.55, p < .01). Structural equation modelling supported a model in which CR predicted cognitive performance, dysfunctional beliefs, and motivational orientation, with good overall fit (CFI = .97, TLI = .90, RMSEA = .08, SRMR = .03). Notably, CR had direct positive effects on MoCA scores (β = .62, p < .001) and positive motivation (β = .31, p < .01), and negative effects on dysfunctional beliefs (β = –.26, p < .05) and negative motivation (β = –.30, p < .05). These findings support the view that cognitive reserve contributes not only to cognitive resilience but also to more adaptive motivational and emotional patterns in aging. The results highlight the role of CR in enhancing cognitive performance and reducing maladaptive beliefs, suggesting a dynamic relationship between cognitive resources, emotional-motivational functioning, and individual differences in late adulthood.reviewedacceptedVersio
从科恩伯格的概念看躯体动力分析中的客体关系理论
No full textIt is shown how the students further developed Lowen’s bioenergetic concepts, which, in the light of object relations theories, can be traced back to Winnicott in particular. However, to date, Kernberg’s ideas are largely absent from the bioenergetic literature. Lowen’s model of pathogenesis, with the idea of pleasure orientation as the main motivation for human action and physical defense as a means of repressing anxiety in connection with suppressed impulses, is contrasted with Kernberg’s idea of the dynamic unconscious. Based on a modified drive model, he understands affects as the basic motivation for human action. These organize themselves according to their valence into antagonistic poles of aggression and libido. He understands the defense function as a means of splitting painful relationship dyads from conscious self-experience. The three-elements of the object relations are also understood in their physically tangible dimensions, with a focus on the energetic aspect. Daniel Stern’s concept of RIGS supports this connection, which Kernberg does not conceptualize in this way. Krause’s modular affect theory provides guidance for working with the element of affect. The grounding phenomenon known in bioenergetics is reinterpreted by means of Kernberg’s psychodynamic understanding and the possibilities of the interventions derived from it are explained on the basis of a clinical example.Il est montré comment les chercheurs ont développé les concepts bioénergétiques de Lowen, qui, à la lumière des théories des relations d’objet, peuvent être attribués en particulier à Winnicott. Cependant, à ce jour, les idées de Kernberg sont largement absentes de la littérature bioénergétique. Le modèle de pathogenèse de Lowen, avec l’idée de l’orientation au plaisir comme motivation principale de l’action humaine et de la défense corporelle comme moyen de refouler l’anxiété en relation avec les impulsions refoulées, est en contradiction avec l’idée de Kernberg de l’inconscient dynamique. Sur la base d’un modèle modifié de pulsion, il comprend les affects comme la motivation fondamentale de l’action humaine qui s’organisent en fonction de leur valence en pôles antagonistes d’agression et de libido. Il comprend la fonction de la défense comme moyen de séparer les dyades relationnelles douloureuses de l’expérience du soi conscient. Les trois éléments des relations d’objet sont également compris dans leurs dimensions physiquement tangibles, en mettant l’accent sur l’aspect énergétique. Le concept de RIGs de Daniel Stern soutient ce lien, que Kernberg ne conceptualise pas de cette manière. La théorie modulaire de l’affect de Krause fournit des conseils pour travailler avec l’élément de l’affect. Le phénomène d’ancrage connu en bioénergétique est réinterprété au moyen de la compréhension psychodynamique de Kernberg et les possibilités des interventions qui en résultent sont expliquées sur la base d’un exemple clinique.Viene mostrato come i suoi allievi abbiano sviluppato i concetti bioenergetici di Lowen, che, alla luce delle teorie delle relazioni oggettuali, possono essere ricondotti in particolare a Winnicott. Tuttavia, fino ad oggi, le idee di Kernberg sono in gran parte assenti dalla letteratura bioenergetica. Il modello di patogenesi di Lowen, con l’idea dell’orientamento al piacere come motivazione principale per l’azione umana e la difesa corporea come mezzo per reprimere l’ansia in relazione agli impulsi repressi, è messo in relazione con l’idea di Kernberg dell’inconscio dinamico. Sulla base di un modello di pulsione modificato, egli comprende gli affetti come motivazione di base per l’azione umana che si organizzano in base alla loro valenza in poli antagonisti di aggressività e libido. Egli comprende la funzione di difesa come mezzo per separare le diadi relazionali dolorose dall’esperienza di sé cosciente. I tre elementi delle relazioni oggettuali sono anche compresi nelle loro dimensioni fisicamente tangibili, con un focus sull’aspetto energetico. Il concetto di RIGs di Daniel Stern supporta questa connessione, che Kernberg non concettualizza in questo modo. La teoria modulare dell’affetto di Krause fornisce una guida per lavorare con l’elemento dell’affetto. Il fenomeno del grounding noto in bioenergetica viene reinterpretato per mezzo della comprensione psicodinamica di Kernberg e le possibilità degli interventi che ne derivano vengono spiegate sulla base di un esempio clinico.Lowens Schüler haben seine bioenergetischen Konzepte weiterentwickelt, die von der Objektbeziehungstheorie her besonders auf Winnicott zurückgehen. Allerdings blieben in der bioenergetischen Literatur Kernbergs Theorien bis heute großenteils unberücksichtigt. Lowens Modell der Pathogenese, das auf der Idee der Lustorientierung als Haupttriebkraft des menschlichen Handelns basiert, sowie der Abwehr zur Bewältigung unterdrückter Regungen, wird Kernbergs Idee des dynamischen Unbewussten gegenübergestellt. Von einem modifizierten Triebmodell ausgehend, versteht dieser die Affekte als Grundmotivation des menschlichen Handelns, welche sich je nach Valenz in die antagonistischen Pole von Aggression und Libido unterteilen. Die Abwehrfunktion wird als ein Mittel aufgefasst, durch Abspaltung schmerzliche dyadische Beziehungen von der bewussten Selbsterfahrung auszugrenzen. Weiterhin werden die drei Elemente der Objektbeziehungen in ihren körperlich erfahrbaren Dimensionen verstanden, wobei der energetische Aspekt im Mittelpunkt steht, Daniel Sterns Konzept der RIGs unterstützt diese Verbindung, die Kernberg allerdings nicht in dieser Weise auffasst. Krauses modulare Affekttheorie zeigt die Richtung für die Arbeit mit den Affekten. Das bioenergetische Konzept des grounding wird von Kernbergs psychodynamischem Verständnis her neu interpretiert; anhand eines Fallbeispiels werden die davon ausgehenden Interventionsmöglichkeiten veranschaulicht.Se examina cómo los alumnos han ampliado y desarrollado los conceptos bioenergéticos de Lowen. Estos conceptos, desde el punto de vista de las teorías de las relaciones objetales, pueden vincularse especialmente con las ideas de Winnicott. Sin embargo, las ideas de Kernberg continúan estando en gran medida ausentes en la literatura bioenergética. El modelo de patogénesis de Lowen, con la idea de la orientación hacia el placer como la principal motivación de la acción humana y la defensa física como un medio para reprimir la ansiedad en relación con los impulsos reprimidos, se contrasta con la idea de Kernberg del inconsciente dinámico. Basado en un modelo pulsional modificado, Kernberg entiende los afectos como la motivación básica para la acción humana. Estos se organizan según su valencia en polos antagónicos de agresión y libido. Kernberg concibe la función defensiva como un medio para escindir las díadas relacionales dolorosas de la experiencia consciente del yo. Los tres elementos de las relaciones objetales también se comprenden en sus dimensiones físicamente tangibles, con un enfoque en el aspecto energético. El concepto de RIG (Representaciones de Interacciones Generalizadas) de Daniel Stern apoya esta conexión, que Kernberg no conceptualiza de esta manera. La teoría modular de los afectos de Krause proporciona orientación para trabajar con el elemento afectivo. El fenómeno de «grounding”, fundamental en la bioenergética, se reinterpreta a la luz de la comprensión psicodinámica propuesta por Kernberg. Las posibilidades de intervención que surgen de esta nueva perspectiva se ilustran con un ejemplo clínico.O artigo mostra como os estudantes foram desenvolvendo conceitos bioenergéticos de Lowen, os quais, à luz de teorias de relação de objeto, podem ser associadas particularmente a Winnicott. Entretanto, até o momento, as ideias de Kernberg estão praticamente ausentes na literatura bioenergética. O modelo de patogênese de Lowen, cuja ideia central se baseias na orientação para o prazer como a principal motivação para a ação humana e na defesa física como meio de reprimir a ansiedade em conexão com impulsos suprimidos, contrasta com a ideia de inconsciente dinâmico de Kernberg. Baseado num modelo modificado de drive, ele entende serem os afetos a motivação básica da ação humana. Estes se organizam, de acordo com sua valência, em polos antagônicos de agressão e libido. Ele entende a função de defesa como um meio de separar as relações diádicas dolorosas da auto-experiência consciente. Os três elementos das relações de objeto são também compreendidos em sua dimensão fisicamente tangíveis, com foco no aspecto energético. O conceito de RIGS Daniel Stern apoia essa conexão, a qual Kernberg não conceitualiza dessa maneira. A teoria de afeto modular de Krause oferece uma direção para trabalhar com o elemento do afeto. O fenômeno do grounding, conhecido na Bionergética, é reinterpretado através do entendimento psicodinâmico de Kernberg e as possibilidades de intervenção daí derivadas são explicadas através de um exemplo clínico.Показывается, как студенты развивали биоэнергетические концепции Лоуэна, которые, в свете теорий объектных отношений, восходят, в частности, к Винникотту. Однако, до сих пор идеи Кернберга в значительной степени отсутствуют в биоэнергетической литературе. Модель патогенеза Лоуэна, с идеей ориентации на удовольствие как основной мотивации человеческих действий и физической защиты как средства подавления тревоги в связи с подавленными импульсами, противопоставляется идее динамического бессознательного Кернберга. Основываясь на модифицированной модели влечений, он понимает аффекты как основную мотивацию человеческих действий. Они организовываются в соответствии со своей валентностью в антагонистические полюса агрессии и либидо. Он понимает защитную функцию как средство отделения болезненных взаимоотношений от осознанного переживания себя. Три элемента объектных отношений также понимаются в их физически осязаемых измерениях, с акцентом на энергетический аспект. Концепция RIGS Дэниела Стерна поддерживает эту связь, которую Кернберг не концептуализирует таким образом. Модульная теория аффекта Краузе дает рекомендации по работе с элементом аффекта. Феномен заземления, известный в биоэнергетике, переосмыслен с помощью психодинамического подхода Кернберга, а возможности вмешательства, вытекающие из него, объясняются на основе клинического примера.研究表明，学生们是如何进一步发展勒温的生物能概念的，根据客体关系理论，这些概念尤其 可以追溯到温尼科特，然而，迄今为止，科恩伯格的观点在躯体动力分析文献中基本没有出 现。勒温的病理学模型认为，愉悦取向是人类行动的主要动机，而身体防御则是与被压抑的冲 动相关的抑制焦虑的一种方式，这与科恩伯格的动力无意识概念形成了对比。基于修正后的驱 力模型，科恩伯格将情感理解为人类行动的基本动机。这些情感根据其价值将自己组织成攻击 性和性欲的对立两极。他将防御功能理解为将痛苦的二元关系从有意识的自我体验中分裂出来 的一种方式。客体关系的三个要素也被理解为有形的物理层面，重点是能量方面。丹尼尔-斯 特恩（Daniel Stern）的 «RIGS”概念支持这种联系，而科恩伯格并没有将其加以概念化，克劳 斯的模块化情感理论为情感元素的工作提供了指导。本文通过科恩伯格的心理动力学的理解方 式，重新诠释躯体动力学中的扎根现象，并以临床实例为基础，解释了由此衍生的干预的可能性。peerReviewedpublishedVersio
Action Planning and Mental Imagery to Reduce Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults: A Full Factorial Randomized Trial
No full textProlonged sedentary behavior increases the risk of noncommunicable diseases, making older adults an important target for interventions. Although action planning is a commonly used behavior change technique to reduce sedentary behavior, findings on its effectiveness in older adults remain inconclusive. This study investigates whether mental imagery enhances the effectiveness of action planning in reducing sedentary behavior in older adults. To explore this, a 2×2 full factorial randomized trial with an intensive longitudinal design will be conducted, crossing the factors action planning (yes/no) and mental imagery (yes/no). A total of 160 participants aged 70 years and older will be randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions. Sedentary behavior will be assessed objectively using accelerometry, and relevant psychological variables will be captured via self-report over a 21-day period. The intervention will take place on Day 8, followed by a booster session on Day 15. Main and interaction effects on primary and secondary outcomes will be analyzed.notReviewedothe
KLARpsy-Text: Führt Schlafentzug zu einer schlechteren Merkfähigkeit?
No full textKLARpsy-Texte sind kurze, lai:innengerechte, allgemeinverständliche und richtlinienbasierte Zusammenfassungen psychologischer Übersichtsarbeiten. Dieser KLARpsy-Text hat den Titel “Führt Schlafentzug zu einer schlechteren Merkfähigkeit?”. Er wurde von Mitarbeitenden des Leibniz-Instituts für Psychologie verfasst. Als testlesende Person war A. Eriksson beteiligt. Der KLARpsy-Text befasst sich mit folgenden Inhalten: Ausreichender Schlaf spielt eine wichtige Rolle für verschiedene Vorgänge im Gehirn. Insbesondere für das Gedächtnis ist ausreichender Schlaf wichtig. Das gilt vor allem für das Merken bestimmter Inhalte, aber auch für das Erlernen von Abläufen oder Bewegungen. Studien haben gezeigt, dass zu wenig Schlaf dazu führen kann, dass wir uns Neues schlechter merken können. Diesen Einfluss haben Forschende sowohl für Schlafentzug vor dem Lernen als auch nach dem Lernen gefunden. Mit ihrer Übersichtsarbeit wollten die Forschenden herausfinden: 1) Können sich Menschen Dinge und Abläufe schlechter merken, wenn sie in der Nacht davor oder danach nicht schlafen? 2) Bleibt dieser Einfluss des Schlafentzugs auch dann bestehen, wenn der Schlaf wieder nachgeholt wird? Schlafentzug führt zu einer schlechteren Merkfähigkeit. Schlafentzug vor dem Lernen hat dabei einen größeren Einfluss als Schlafentzug nach dem Lernen. Wenn der Schlaf nachgeholt wird, wird die Merkfähigkeit wieder etwas besser.https://klarpsy.de/hintergrundunknownunknow
Effects of Gender and Group Composition on Higher Education Students’ Application of Collaborative Problem-Solving Skills
No full textSupporting the development of collaborative problem-solving (CPS) skills without reinforcing social inequalities is a crucial task in 21st-century education. Therefore, inclusive learning environments are needed that enable CPS skill application for group members across diverse sociodemographic backgrounds. Prior research has demonstrated a gender gap in CPS skills, with female students consistently outperforming male students. Moreover, studies indicate that the gender group composition is associated with students’ collaborative behaviors. However, the complex effects of gender and gender group composition on students’ application of CPS skills remain inconclusive. This study aims to investigate how male and female higher education students apply CPS skills in small groups. Specifically, we want to explore the effects of gender, gender group composition, and the interaction between gender and gender group composition on students’ application of CPS skills. The planned study will have an experimental mixed-factor design with a between-subjects factor Gender (male and female) and an experimental factor Group Composition with random assignment to one of four conditions (single-gender, majority-gender, balanced-gender, or minority-gender). Students who do not identify as male or female will be allocated to diverse-gender groups and examined exploratively. Based on an a-priori power analysis, we plan to recruit a sample of N=200-280 higher education students enrolled in teacher training study programs. The study will be completed in an interactive online environment where the students will collaboratively analyze videoclips of a classroom situation in groups of four. We will collect log data of students’ actions and interactions in the online environment for the analysis of CPS skill application, and we will assess students’ gender as well as additional motivational and cognitive variables with questionnaires.unknownothe
Mitigating Negativity Bias in Science Funding: The Role of Two-Step Procedures and Group Decision-Making
No full textNegative potency—the tendency to give disproportionate weight to negative over positive information—poses a critical challenge in science funding, where decision-makers must evaluate uncertain and ambitious research ideas taking into account budget constraints. This study investigates the presence and mitigation of negative potency within a two-step evaluation process used by a national funding agency. Drawing on a unique dataset of research grant applications spanning 11 years, we examine how individual assessments by thematic experts (TEs) and subsequent group deliberations by panels shape funding outcomes. We find strong evidence of negative potency at the individual level: TEs are significantly more influenced by negative than by positive referee assessments, particularly in relation to project feasibility. However, this effect dissipates during the panel stage, where group deliberation and relative comparisons across a broader pool of proposals appear to neutralize the impact of initial negativity. These findings make two key contributions. First, they extend the literature on decision-making biases in science funding by identifying deliberation as mechanism for mitigating negativity. Second, they provide actionable insights for policy: designing evaluation systems that incorporate structured group processes may help reduce bias and promote more balanced, inclusive, and merit-based funding decisions.On September 24th, 2025 Prof. Dr. Hanna Hottenrott, ZEW – Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research & Technical University of Munich spoke at the ZPID Colloquium.Am 24. September 2025 sprach Prof. Dr. Hanna Hottenrott, ZEW-Leibniz Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung & TU München, im ZPID-Kolloquium.unknownunknow