National Institute of Japanese Literature Repository / 国文学研究資料館学術情報リポジトリ
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Records Management at the Office of Historiography under the Dajō-kan in the Meiji period: Analysis of the Shūshi-kyoku and Shūshi-kan Shiryō
Get PDFpdf本稿は、明治太政官期の修史部局の記録管理を分析するものである。太政官の記録管理部局から派生した修史部局は、歴史を編纂する修史的側面に加え、史料や図書の収集・管理といったアーカイブズ的側面を併せ持つため、当該期のアーカイブズ認識や制度を検討する上で重要な一事例である。
歴史課の成立経緯を、「記録編輯」の編纂物を提示しつつ、明治元年11月記録編輯掛、３年11月記録編輯局、４年８月記録局（同９月記録分局設置）といった段階を明示して論じた。５年10月の歴史課設置は、政府の様々な記録管理を掌る正院記録局内の分課構想が、正院の分課に落着し、内史・外史に記録局の各課が分課された結果だと位置づけた。
成立した修史部局の記録管理を、東京大学史料編纂所所蔵「修史局・修史局史料」を用いて分析した。記録管理制度については、歴史課、修史局、修史館の段階別に解明し、記録局出身の官員らによって取扱事項の明文化などの整備が進められたことを指摘した。その上で制度に対応する記録管理の実態に迫り、「修史局・修史館史料」のうち往復文書、日記・官員履歴類、受付録、図書目録の簿冊について整理し、これらと別に史料編纂所が所蔵する簿冊との対応関係を示した。
以上を踏まえ、当該期の政府の記録管理を捉えるには、修史部局やそれと同様の成立経緯・アーカイブズ的側面を持つ地誌・統計編纂事業の検討が不可欠である点を指摘した。
This article analyzes records management of the Office of Historiography under the Dajō-kan during the Meiji period. The Office of Historiography, derived from the record administration department of the Dajō-kan, is an important example when considering the recognition and institutionalization of archives in that period because it has archival aspects such as collection and management of historical records or books in addition to the historical aspects, compiling history.
While presenting the compilation of the Kiroku Henshū, we discussed the history of the establishment of the History Division by expressly giving the following three chronological orders and the corresponding name: the Kiroku henshū gakari in November of Meiji 1, as the Kiroku henshū kyoku in November of Meiji 3, and as the Kiroku kyoku in August of Meiji 4 (the branch of the Kiroku kyoku was established in September in the same year) We assumed that the subdivision concept within the Seiin Records department responsible for the various records management of the government was settled down by making it a subdivision of the Seiin. We then concluded that the establishment of the History Division of October of Meiji 5 was the result of the subdivision of each department of the recording office into Naishi and Gaishi.
We analyzed the records management of the Office of Historiography by using the Shūshi-kyoku and Shūshi-kan Shiryō owned by the Historiographical Institute of the University of Tokyo. Regarding the record management system, we clarified stage by stage the History division, the Shūshi-kyoku, and the Shūshi-kan, and then pointed out that the officials from the bureau of records made preparations such as clarification of handling matters. In addition, we approached to the actual situation of the record management corresponding to the system. We organized books of round-trip documents, diary / official history, acceptance records, book bibliographies described in the Shūshi-kyoku and Shūshi-kan Shiryō, and then showed the correspondences with books separately owned by the Historiographical Institute of the University of Tokyo.
Based on the above, we pointed out that consideration of chorography and or statistical compilation projects which have history of establishment and or archives aspects similar to the ones of the Office of Historiography are indispensable to understand record management of the government during that period.departmental bulletin pape
About Publishing-culture in The Edo period: Focusing on Early Edo period
Get PDFpdf本テキストは、「第16回日本古典籍講習会（平成30(2018)年度）」（2019.1.22-25：国文学研究資料館、国立国会図書館共催）で使用された資料の一部です。learning objec
A Mu-kanki-bon, Ise Monogatari Shūsui-shō
Get PDFpdf北村季吟の伊勢物語注釈書「伊勢物語拾穂抄」の板本は、無刊記本が最も古く、延宝八年（一六八〇）八月長尾平兵衛版、同藤野九郎兵衛版がこれに次ぐと考えられる。鉄心斎文庫には無刊記本を含む一五本の刊本が蔵され、初期の版が多いのは貴重である。
現存するほぼすべての版が、後水尾上皇への献上について記した寛文三年（一六六三）付の周令の跋文を持つ。板本以前に成立した「伊勢物語拾穂抄」（寛文二年序）奥書によれば、周令は献上の後に季吟所持の本に跋文を記したことが知られ、板本の跋文は板本刊行に際し季吟所持本にあった跋文を付したものと考えられる。
先ごろ入手した無刊記本は、この周令の跋文を持たず一部の文字が他と異なる。本稿では、鉄心斎文庫本を中心に初期の版について検討する。
The Mu-kanki-bon (a printed book with no publication information) is considered as the oldest book among the printed books of Ise Monogatari Shūsui-shō, the annotated edition of Ise Monogatari by Kitamura Kigin. Books published by Nagao Heibee in August of Enpō 8 (1680) and books published by Fujino Kurobee in the same year/month are thought to be the second oldest. 15 of printed books including Mu-kanki-bon are in the Tesshinsai Collection, and they are valuable because many of them are early versions.
Almost all existing versions have an afterword written by Shūrei in Kanbun 3 (1663) regarding the donation to the Emperor Go-Mizunoo. According to the colophon of the Ise Monogatari Shūsui-shō (Kanbun early 2) that was completed before printed books were published, Shūrei wrote an afterword in the Kigin owning book after the donation. Then, this afterword is thought to have been appended later to the printed books in publishing the printed books.
The Mu-Kanki-bon that we obtained recently has no this afterword written by Shūrei, and some characters are different from others. In this article, we will discuss the early versions of the books focusing on the ones in the Tesshinsai Collection.departmental bulletin pape
Reseach notes on the manuscripts of waka poetics previously in the possession of Endō Chitane
Get PDFpdf遠藤千胤（えんどうちたね）旧蔵資料については、明治時代前期における歌学の一班をうかがい知ることの出来るものとして、本誌四十二号でも報告をした。今回、先の報告では触れなかった資料について、①向陽会関係資料②千胤評歌合③千胤自筆紀行文という三点にわたり、資料翻刻と考察を行った。特に①では、明治天皇より京都在住華族に対してなされた歌道奨励の思召しにより、歌会・研究会（向陽会）が創設されたが、その創設に関わる経緯についてとりまとめている。②の千胤評歌合は、桂園派の流れを汲む千胤の歌学指導の一端を伺い知ることのできる資料の紹介。③の紀行文は、明治初頭の動乱のなかでの紀行、明治八年の正倉院御物の展覧を見学に行く際の歌群など、歌人たちの和文修練の具体例として提示した。明治前期のこうした資料はまだまだ十分に紹介されておらず、今後のための基礎的研究としての報告である。
We have presented, in the volume 42 of this bulletin, the report on manuscripts of waka poetics formerly owned by Endō Chitane in the early Meiji Era. In this article, we will present a report of manuscripts of waka poetics and discussion on the following three points which we did not mention in the previous report; ①Kōyō-kai related manuscripts ②Chitane-hyō-uta-awase (Waka matches evaluated by Chitane) ③Chitane-Jihitsu-Kikō-bun (travel journals including waka poems written by Chitane).
In particular in the part ① , we summarized the circumstances concerning the establishment of a waka meeting / a research meeting (Kōyō society) which were founded because Meiji emperor encouraged the nobility of Kyoto to learn and practice Waka poems. In the part ②, we introduce the manuscript that can catch a glimpse on the part of the guidance of waka poems composition by Endō Chitane who inherited the tradition of Keien-ha (the Kei-en branch). The part ③ serves as a specific example of how Waka poets practiced Japanese writings, such as the travel during a turmoil in the early Meiji era and when visiting the exhibition of Shōsō-in Treasures held in 1875. Since manuscripts of waka poetics in the early Meiji period have not been fully introduced, this article is a report laying foundations for further research.departmental bulletin pape
(Facsimile) Itsura no koe no kangae by Ishiko Mitsuteru: An Ongi-ha advocate in the kana-only writing system movement
Get PDFpdf本稿では、明治二十年前後の国語国字改良運動のうち、仮名文字専用運動のなかでも見過ごされてきた音義派の活動の一端について紹介したい。いしこみつてる（石河光煕）の『いつらのこゑのかむがへ』（一八八六）は、仮名文字専用運動の一大組織かなのくわいでは圧倒的少数派であった音義派の声を伝えるものとして貴重である。貴重な資料を影印するとともに、かなのくわいにおける音義派の位置づけを検討しつつ、本書をかなのくわい史にどのように据えるべきか検討する。
In this article, we will introduce some aspect of the activities of the Ongi-ha, or phonosemantic school — an actor that has been overlooked within the kana-only writing system movement during the Japanese language and script reform movements around Meiji 20 (1887). The Ongi-ha school, who adopted the idea that Japanese words consist of the meaning of each sound, had little, if not nothing, presence in the kana-only writing movement. Itsura no koe no kangae (1886) by Ishiko Mitsuteru is invaluable in that we can find in it the voice of the Ongi-ha school as an overwhelming minor group among the Kana-no-kwai, the largest union in the kana-only writing system movement. By reproducing this valuable material in facsimile, we will discuss how this little book can be placed in the history of the Kana-no-kwai, considering the position of the Ongi-ha school in the Kana-no-kwai.departmental bulletin pape
A research on Hankei in Kajin no Kigu
Get PDFpdf“Kajin no Kigu”, a famous political novel in the Meiji era of Japan, was translated into Chinese by Liang Qichao in 1898 and had a great influence on China - which had no genre called political novel until then. Hankei, a nobleminded patriot of the “rebelling Qing dynasty and rebuilding Ming dynasty,” is an important character in the novel, along with Tokai Sanshi, Youran, and Coren. Tokai Sanshi, the original author and a politician, propagated his political thought through the novel’s characters, especially through Hankei. Correspondingly, when politician Liang Qichao translated “Kajin no Kigu,” he adapted many parts according to his own political standpoint, and then included many speeches made by Hankei.
For instance, in Volume 2 of the original, there is a scene where Hankei and Tokai Sanshi deliberate about “revitalizing Asia strategy”. Hankei approves the idea of Tokai Sanshi by stating, “This is a secret plan in my heart, which is exactly the same as what you said.” The “revitalize Asia strategy” that Hankei is agreeing to implies a “shift the Qing Dynasty to the East, division of China into three, raising the spirit of competition and prohibiting the poisonous opium, inspiring the vigour of the people of the Qing Dynasty and exhausting the financial resources of English people to rely on military authority to suppressing India – which would begin Asia’s revitalization definitely.” This is also the idea of Tokai Sanshi. Liang Qichao translated this as “Between Heaven and Earth, China has jurisdiction over more than four hundred continents - it’s certainly a great country in the Universe. Just because politics and diplomacy are not well governed, it leads to periodic setbacks, insults, and failure in revitalizing ourselves. If we can ban the poisonous opium, and inspire the national spirit, it would definitely be the fundamental strategy to revitalize Asia.”
The common point of the “Kajin no Kigu” research is that it was accompanied by a series of consecutive warfare in Japan during the Sino-Japanese War of 1895. The theme and political position of the novel was also changed from Volume 10. However, as shown in the above example, it is also important to consider the socio-political context of Hankei, the speeches made by him, and the fact that Liang Qichao, like Sanshi, exploited Hankei’s political thought - through his translation – to further his own beliefs. That being said, I believe that is it imperative to research it. In this research, I would use the speeches made by Hankei and Qichao’s translation of those speeches to analyse the deliberate creation of Hankei’s character（to further the writer’s philosophy）, and the way that Qichao then similarly draws upon Hankei’s political theory in his translation.conference pape
The Power of Instability: Medieval Reception of Man'yōshū as examined in Poetry criticism（karon） By Fujiwara Kiyosuke and Fujiwara Shunzei
Get PDFpdfWhat happens to knowledge when we gain access to new information and take into account more variables? The answer is obvious – it updates and it changes. In this presentation, I trace how generations of reception and appropriation of Man’yōshū (759－785), the first extant poetry collection in Japanese, have been affected by the poetic discourse, instability of knowledge and channels through which knowledge is carried, and existence of various manuscripts of Man’yōshū in the early medieval era. I deal with two allegedly rival schools – Rokujō and Mikohidari – and two of their representatives – Fujiwara Kiyosuke (1104－1177) and Fujiwara Shunzei (1114－1204). I examine their Man’yōshū reception strategy by analyzing their poetry criticism (karon). My approach is, however, to see them not only as binaries and rivals, but above all as representing continuous stages in the development of the Japanese poetic tradition.
The results of my research lead me to a conclusion that the Mikohidari poets, considered to be specialists on the Heian period tales like Genji monogatari, paid much more attention to Man’yōshū scholarship than it is currently acknowledged. Moreover, I argue that the process of modifying the waka tradition in fact started with Kiyosuke, not with Shunzei. The Mikohidari poets took over this process after Kiyosuke’s death, claimed a big part of the Rokujō tradition, and established themselves as modernizers of the poetic craft. The two poets and schools had thus much more in common than is usually acknowledged but they utilized the idea of their rivalry as a tool in pursuit of their goals – to attract potential patrons and thus gain power through knowledge. The Rokujō-Mikohidari rivalry, being the most definitive frameworks for discussing the two schools, is a result of variability of texts and knowledge owned by the two schools. This implies that the common knowledge about waka or Man’yōshū in the early medieval era was much more indefinite than we currently believe. Such instability was possible due to the existence of the already-established poetic discourse that lay beyond the Rokujō and Mikohidari labels; discourse was a shared space where the circulated knowledge continues to be added, replaced, modified and negotiated. In fact, the fluidity of knowledge enabled the poets to use it to their advantage by various mechanisms of stabilizing their line of knowledge transmission; instability of texts and knowledge gave them power.conference pape
