Ishikawa Prefectural University Academic Information Repository / 石川県立大学学術情報リポジトリ
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Seasonal changes in diet composition and intake in grazing fattening lamb on natural grassland with different vegetation in abandoned field
Get PDF耕作放棄地自然草地でのヒツジ放牧肥育において、持続的に草からの養分摂取が可能かどうかを検 討した。植生の異なる2牧区（試験開始時の草種数が28のＡ牧区と43のＢ牧区）にヒツジを4頭ず つ割り当てて、7月から10月まで放牧試験を実施し、n-アルカン法で草の採食組成と乾物、粗蛋白 質（CP）および可消化養分総量（TDN）の摂取量を測定した。その結果、Ａ牧区では、8月、9月 と摂取量が増加したが、Ｂ牧区では8月から10月にかけて摂取量が減少する傾向にあった。放牧期 間を通してどの牧区のヒツジも草から維持要求量以上のCPを摂取できたが、Ａ牧区の10月とＢ牧区 の9月と10月は維持に要するTDN量を摂取できなかった。以上のことから、9月から10月に補足 飼料を増給することによるヒツジの放牧肥育の可能性が示唆された。Experiments were conducted to examine the possibility for fattening lamb to consume enough grass by grazing natural grassland in abandoned field. Six lambs were randomly allotted to one of the two grazing yards （GY） with different vegetation, namely, GY A with 28 species of plants and GY B with 43 species of plants in June when grazing started and feeding trials were carried out from July through October to determine diet composition and intake of dry matter, crude protein （CP） and total digestible nutrients （TDN） using n-alkanes as markers. Intake increased from August through September in GY A, while intake decreased from August through October in GY B. Although lambs in both GY could consume enough grass to meet CP requirement for maintenance throughout grazing period, lambs could not eat enough grass to meet TDN requirement for maintenance in October in GY A and in September and October in GY B. These results suggested the possibility that fattening lambs could be grazed by increasing supplementary feed in September and October.departmental bulletin pape
Japan’s WTO case against the Korea’s import control measures on some fishery products and its implication
Get PDF福島原発事故（2011年）以来、韓国は一部日本産水産物に対し輸入規制と放射性物質の追加検査を 求める規制を行っている。これに対し日本政府は韓国の輸入規制措置がSPS協定2.3と5.6に違反し ているとしてWTOに提訴した。第1審のパネルでは日本の主張が受け入れられ、韓国規制措置は SPS協定違反との判断が下された。しかし第二審の上級員会は、第一審判定には協定2条3項の解釈・ 適用（日本と第3国と間に同様の条件が存在する）と協定5条6項の適用（韓国規制措置が必要以上 に貿易制限的である）にそれぞれ瑕疵があるとし第一審判定を覆した。本稿ではWTO紛争処理機構 の判決の主要争点を確認・整理し今後の課題を論じる。Korea has imposed import control measures including import bans and additional testing requirements for radionuclide content on some Japanese fishery products after the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in March 2011. Japan challenged Korea’s import control measures as being inconsistent with provisions of the SPS Agreement relative to: discrimination （Article 2.3）, more trade restrictive than required （Article 5.6）,etc. The Japan’s claims were supported by WTO panel report released in 2018, but the WTO Appellate Body （2019） reversed the Panel’s finding that Korea’s measures were inconsistent with Article 2.3 & 5.6. with the conclusions that the Panel erred in （1） its interpretation and application of Article 2.3 in finding that similar conditions prevail between Japan and other Members,（2） in its application of Article 5.6 and assessment of whether Korea’s measures are more trade-restrictive than required. The purpose of this paper is to examine the findings of the WTO dispute Panel & Appellate Body and discuss some issues on food safety and free trade.departmental bulletin pape
The impact of urbanization on perceptions of fireflies for people
Get PDF石川県金沢市とその近郊の七ヶ用水地域において、住民のホタルの存在認識（見え方）に都市化が 及ぼす影響をアンケート調査等の結果から分析した。都市化に伴いホタルが急激に減少する傾向があった。ホタルを見る人の比率はホタルの多さに依存していた。ホタルを見ない人は、以前は見たが今 は見ない人とホタルに無関心な人に大別できたが、いずれの比率もホタルの多少とは必ずしも関係がなく、前者は七ヶ用水地域で多く、後者は金沢地域で多かった。都市化に伴うホタル個体数の減少が、生活スタイルの変化とも相まって、ホタルを見る機会を減少させることで、次第にホタルそのものへの関心を消失させ、やがてホタルがいるにもかかわらずホタルを見なくなる人の増加をもたらすという経過をたどることが示された。このような結果を踏まえて、生物多様性の保全において、身近な生物への関心を高める方策の必要性を指摘した。Based on the results of a questionnaire survey of residents in Kanazawa and its neighboring rural area in Ishikawa Prefecture, the impact of urbanization on perceptions of fireflies’ existing were analyzed. Urbanization has caused a sharp decline in the number of fireflies. With the decline of fireflies, the number of people who saw fireflies was decreasing. Most residents in rural areas replied that they had seen fireflies before, but not now. On the other hand, many inhabitants in the urban area replied that despite existing fireflies, they had never seen or were not interested in fireflies. These differences did not always correspond to the abundance of fireflies. The findings show that urbanization not only decreases the number of fireflies, but also lowers inhabitants’ interest in fireflies, making them invisible even if they exist. The results of this study suggest that if people live alienated from living things, they may not appreciate the value of those creatures and lose interest in them. Therefore, raising public awareness of biodiversity conservation requires measures to increase interest in neighboring creatures.departmental bulletin pape
The merits and demerits of farmland accumulation in consideration of regional differences in paddy field agriculture
Get PDF先駆的に農地集積を進めてきた経営体が営農面でどのような進展や後退があったのか、特に集積過程で生じた課題や対応策を評価した研究事例は少ない。本稿は、経営体の集積過程における創意工夫や体制づくりに焦点をあてた。これらの農家行動事例蓄積は、農地集積後の経営展開に貢献できる要素がある。そこで農地集積がもたらしうる功罪について実態調査から分析し、集積後の課題について整理した。水管理の連続作業を目的とした農地再配分の取組は、機械作業や管理作業の効率化につながり単収増加の一因になっていると考えられた。また、荒廃農地が発生しやすい集積地では、農地集積を契機にコメの収入という権限を持たせることで水管理等に携わるように仕向けた稀有な仕組みが実践され、間接的に農地保全につながっていると推察された。Agricultural management has advanced farmland accumulation process; however, few studies have evaluated the problems and countermeasures that emerge during this process. This paper focuses on the originality and ingenuity of gricultural management methods that advanced farmland accumulation process. The accumulation of cases of farmers’ behavior can contribute to business development after the completion of agrarian agglomeration. This paper analyzes the merits and demerits of farmland accumulation using field survey, and summarizes the problems that occur after the completion of farmland accumulation. Farmland was exchanged with the aim of improving water management. This resulted in increased efficiency of agricultural machinery and water management, which was considered to have contributed to the increase in production per unit area. Furthermore, in areas where farmland was likely to be damaged, it was assumed that giving workers income from rice production led them to actively engage in water management and other measures that lead to an indirect farmland conservation.departmental bulletin pape
Waste Survey of microplastics on the coast in Ishikawa Prefecture
Get PDF近年、プラスチックごみによる海洋汚染問題が地球規模の重要課題となっている。特に、海洋に流出したプラスチックは破片化することで海洋生態系に物理的、生理学的な影響を与えている。わが国でも2009 年に制定された海岸漂着物処理推進法が2018 年に改正され、マイクロプラスチック対策に乗り出したところである。筆者らは石川県沿岸におけるマイクロプラスチックの現状把握のため、2010 年と2016 年に8 つの海岸で調査を実施した。調査したすべての海岸でマイクロプラスチックが検出され、その中でも発泡プラスチック製品の破片がその多くを占めた。海岸漂着ごみとともにマイクロプラスチックに対する早急な対策が求められる。Marine plastic waste has become a global issue and there is widespread concern that microplastic is wreaking havoc on marine ecosystem. The use of biodegradable plastics as a substitute for petroleum-derived plastic is also progressing, although it accounts for less than 1% of total plastic production. The Japanese government has shown its intention to address marine plastic pollution by enacting and amending the Law for the promotion of marine litter disposal but has not yet enough its plan. In addition, we investigated the actual state of drifted microplastics on the eight coasts of Ishikawa Prefecture in 2010 and 2016. As a result of the investigation, microplastic was detected on all coasts, and at any point there were many expanded polystyrene as marine litter. Although the amount of marine litter varies depending on the coast, the national and local government is expected to soon take the big step towards collecting and preventing marine litter.departmental bulletin pape
Individual difference in development of generic skills through first-year education
Get PDF本研究では、地方A 大学の1 年生135 名を対象として、初年次教育科目の授業前後で行った学生調査および学校法人河合塾と株式会社リアセックが開発したPROG（Progress Report On Generic Skills）の結果から、1 年前期終了時における汎用的技能（generic skills）の習得レベルの実態と個人差を規定する要因について検討を行った。その際、Astin（1993）のI-E-O モデルを基に、入学時点での学生の心理的特性要因、前期を通じた学生の成長指標（算出された各前期変化量）、授業経験後における習得技能（前期終了時の自己調整学習方略）の各尺度得点とPROG スコアとの関連を検討した。その結果、リテラシースコアと関連する要因は見出されなかった。一方、入学時の自己効力感の高さのみならず、前期を通じて自己効力感が高まった者、前期終了時にメタ認知的な自己調整学習方略を習得している者ほど、コンピテンシー総合スコアが高いことが明らかとなった。Development of generic skills has recently become an issue in higher education. In this study, we examined factors to explain individual difference of the generic skills of freshmen at the end of spring semester. A progress report on generic skills （PROG） was used as a way of measuring generic skills quantitatively, and its results were linked with data obtained in a questionnaire surveys. 135 freshmen were asked to answer a series of self-report questionnaire survey at beginning of spring semester and at the end of it. PROG was carried out at the end of spring semester. Based on the Input-Environment-Output （I-E-O） model of Astin （1993）, the following hypothesis was investigated: Even when the psychological characteristics of the students at the time of admission was controlled, the growth index throughout spring semester （i.e. amount of increment of each score） and acquisition of self-adjustment learning strategy at the end of the semester would influence the individual difference of generic skills. As a result, it was found that the competency score of PROG was influenced not only by the score of self-efficacy at the time of admission but also by the increase in the self-efficacy score throughout the spring semester. It was also revealed the acquisition of the metacognitive self-regulating learning strategy at the end of the term influenced on competency score. On the other hand, unfortunately, no factor was associated with the literacy score of PROG.departmental bulletin pape
Consideration on the life-courses of female researchers in Czech Republic: Focusing on the discord between the conservative gender role and the researchers'career
Get PDF二世代女性研究者の経験から、世代を超えて内在化された保守的女性性、および女性研究者のライフコースの変容を明らかにした。社会主義の女性研究者は、育児と研究の両立に困難を抱え、育児に対する社会的評価が低いため育児期には偏見的処遇も経験したが、これらの困難を女性には当然のこととみなし、男性の優位性を容認する傾向にあった。民主化後の女性研究者にも同様の困難や認識はあるが、社会主義期の女性研究者と異なり、民主化後の大学キャリア・ステージの中では、育児による中断が研究への復帰を困難にすると危惧する傾向にある。また、このキャリア・ステージには、女性研究者が葛藤を抱える二つの通過地点がある。長期在外研究・ジュニア助成獲得期、そして、経営的視点のある研究者として確立する時期である。育児に責任を感じる女性研究者は消極的であること、経営という資質が保守的女性性と反し、そのような女性研究者モデルが不在であることが要因の一つである。Socialism promoted the female labor and prevailed the nursery center, which were not enough support for female researchers. They needed to manage money for their baby-sitters and make somehow their research time. The socialism underestimated the value of the child care, so they considered female researchers who carried child care as handicapped workers. It was because they were the subjects of harassment in their job places. But they thought that it was natural for them to experience those difficulties and discords, for they regarded the female mission as child care. They also approved the male predominance.
The recognition that it's female to shoulder responsibility to child care have still existed. The female researchers after democratization differ from the female researchers in the socialism in some recognition. Now the female researchers think that the interruption of their career because of the child care made the return to the research much difficult. The researchers’ career stage formed in the internationalization and the liberalization has two points through which female researchers have much difficulties to go. First, the long overseas studies and getting the grants for junior researchers are difficult for female researchers who carry child care. Second, it is hard for them to be proprietors who manage the laboratories trying to get the grants for joint researches. They can't be motivated to be proprietors, for they feel responsibility for child care, the possibility to stop their study. It is also the reason that the quality of proprietors is against the conservative female role and such female proprietor-researcher model has been absent.departmental bulletin pape
Improvement of water environment and functional evaluation of natural resource in the Tedori River Basin by agricultural and rural development project
Get PDF戦後、急増する人口の食料増産と農村の生活環境の改善が緊急課題であった。農業農村整備事業などによる水利環境の改善と集落排水施設整備が推進され、手取川扇状地の扇央・扇端部においても、水源河川に近い水質の用水が得られるようになり、出穂頃に行う追肥の窒素抑制栽培により、低蛋白の良食味米生産が可能となった。手取川流域の自然資源による恩恵を受益者数で示すと、コメは47万人分、水道水は96 万人分で、流域人口21.4 万人に比べて、多くを流域外の人々に与えている。現況の森林の炭素吸収量は、年間約50 万人分の呼気排出量に相当して、流域人口の2.3 倍である。Improvement of water environment by agricultural and rural development project and rural community sewerage improvement project promoted. At the central part and the end part of the Tedori alluvial fan, water close to the water quality of source part can be obtained. For this reason, good-tasting rice production is possible by nitrogen suppression cultivation. The benefits of natural resources in Tedori river basin are rice for 470,000 people and tap water for 960,000 people. Compared to 214,000 people in the basin, it supplies a lot of people's living necessities. The amount of carbon absorbed by forest areas in the Tedori river basin corresponds to an expired volume of about 500,000 people per year, which is 2.3 times the river basin population.departmental bulletin pape
Studies on the Relationship between Snow Tolerance and Fructan in Onion
Get PDF石川県立大学博士（生物資源環境学）2018doctoral thesi