Ishikawa Prefectural University Academic Information Repository / 石川県立大学学術情報リポジトリ
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Assessing School Food Education and its Implementation System : Perspectives from Nutrition Teachers
Get PDF石川県内の公立小学校及び公立中学校に所属する栄養教諭9 人を対象とし，学校での食育の中核を担う栄養教諭から見た学校の食育の実態をインタビュー調査し，家庭の補完としての機能の状況を明らかにした。学校での食育の家庭への補完としての機能は，学校給食の準備から食事，後片付けまでの一連の活動を経験する中で，また，家庭へ向けての便りやホームページの食育配信，食育行事を通して，共通性のある食事の摂り方やマナーなどの食習慣を理解し身につけることが中心となっていた。今後更に子どもの食育を拡充するには，人員や体制の見直しを踏まえた学校の食育推進が必要であると考えられた。This survey engaged nine public elementary and junior high school nutrition teachers in Ishikawa Prefecture. The study provided insights into the current state of school food education as perceived by these teachers, who play a pivotal role in shaping the core of school food education. The primary objective of school food education was to bridge the connection between school-based dietary instruction and family settings. This connection involved a sequence of activities encompassing meal preparation, consumption, and post-meal cleanup. Educational events were designed to foster a comprehensive understanding of eating habits, including common dietary practices and proper etiquette. To further enhance children’s dietary behaviors in the future, it is imperative to advocate for promoting food education within schools, a task that entails a comprehensive assessment of staffing and system structures
Consideration of the Multi-year Gymnasiums in the Czech Republic : From the Reality of Overheated Entrance Examinations
Get PDFチェコにおける多年制ギムナジウムの特質を入学試験の実態から明らかにした。市民革命後，数々の学校がギムナジウムとして再編された際に，多年制ギムナジウムが多く設置された。しかし，多年制ギムナジウム生徒数には上限が設けられており，とりわけ8 年制ギムナジウムの受験倍率は高い。ただし，学校間の人気の差も著しい。進学率の高さや数々の業績を誇る等，何らかのメリットがあるギムナジウムに人気が集中している。人気の高いギムナジウムへの鍵は，チェコの受験文化や8 年制ギムナジウムの試験問題から検討すると，受験者の社会・経済的環境にある。同質性の高い生徒集団であるからこそ，多年制ギムナジウムにおいては特異な課程の設置，高い大学進学率等が可能となっていると考えられる。The characteristics of multi-year gymnasiums in the Czech Republic are revealed through the reality of the entrance examinations. After the Velvet Revolution, when many schools were reorganized as gymnasiums, many multi-year gymnasiums were established. However, the number of students in multi-year gymnasiums is capped, and the acceptance ratio for eight-year gymnasiums is remarkably high. There is also a marked difference in popularity among schools. Popularity is concentrated in gymnasiums that have some advantages, such as a high rate of students going on to higher education or a significant number of achievements. The key to success in the most popular gymnasiums lies in the social and economic environment of the candidates, as seen in the Czech examination culture and the questions of the entrance examination for the eight-year gymnasiums. The highly homogeneous student body is thought to be the reason for the establishment of unique programs, higher education rates, and other ac ievements at multi-year gymnasiums
Time-series Analysis of Changes in the Size of Operating Cultivated Land and Number of Farm Households in Ishikawa Prefecture
Get PDF農林業センサスを活用し，石川県内の農業労働力および農地利用の遷移を2005 年から2020 年までの範囲で可視化することによって，これらの指標の時系列変化を把握した。その結果，農業労働力（総農家数）は県全域を通して満遍なく減少傾向にあった。農地利用（経営耕地面積）については，集落境界を越えて農地集積が見られた一方で，能登半島部では経営耕地面積ゼロの集落がモザイク状に存在した。そして，過去15年の時系列変化の傾向が当面継続されると仮定した場合の，2025年の農業構造の予測を試みた。2025年の農業構造の予測の結果，2025年には経営耕地面積・農家数ともに減少する集落が全集落の53%にのぼった。この結果は，小規模農家の離農と担い手への農地集積が継続することを示唆している。一方で，現実的には担い手自体が減少していくことから，広域的な耕作放棄地の発生が懸念される。In this paper,we visualize the changes in the agricultural labor force and agricultural land use in Ishikawa Prefecture from 2005 to 2020 using the Census of Agriculture and Forestry to understand the time-series changes in these indicators. The results showed that the agricultural labor force (total number of farm households) was declining throughout the prefecture. In the Noto Peninsula,however,there was a mosaic of villages with zero arable land. The result of the projection of the agricultural structure in 2025 shows that 53% of all towns in 2025 will see a decrease in both the area of cultivated land under management and the number of farm households. This result suggests that small-scale farmers will leave farming and that farmland will continue to be concentrated in the hands of core farmers. On the other hand,the number of core farmers themselves will decrease,and there is concern about the occurrence of abandoned farmland over a wide area
Environmental Conservation Agriculture Efforts for the Return of the Japanese Crested Ibis to the Wild in the Noto Peninsula : Paddy Field Organisms in the First Year of the Project in the Awazu Area, Suzu City
Get PDF環境省は2022年5月にトキの放鳥候補地の公募を開始し，同年8月に石川県能登半島を選定した。石川県は，翌23 年2 月に能登半島の9 市町それぞれにトキ放鳥推進モデル地区を設定し，環境保全型農業への取り組みを開始した。そこでモデル地区のうちの珠洲市粟津地区において水田内外の生物や畦畔の植生調査などを実施することとした。クラスカル・ウォリス検定の結果，慣行栽培，モデル水田（農薬節約栽培），ビオトープ間での平均個体数に違いが見られた分類群は9 つのうち4 つ（ヤゴ，オタマジャクシ，トンボ，バッタ）であったが，それらの変化は分類群によって異なっていた。今年度は環境保全型農業の取組みの初年度であるため，生物多様性の向上などの顕著な効果が表れるための十分な時間がなかった可能性がある。今後取り組みが進む過程で，どのように水田の生物多様性が変化していくのかを明らかにすることで効果的な自然再生手法とトキが生息可能な環境整備を広げることに役立つだろう。In May 2022, Japan’s Ministry of the Environment began publicly soliciting candidate sites to release of the crested ibis, and in August 2022, the Noto Peninsula in Ishikawa Prefecture wasselected. In February 2023, Ishikawa Prefecture established a model area for promoting the release of the crested ibis in each of the nine cities and towns on the Noto Peninsula, and began efforts toward environmentally friendly agriculture. Therefore, we decided to survey of organisms in and around the paddy fields and vegetation between rice paddies in the Awazu area of Suzu City, one of the model areas. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the average population of four of the nine taxa (dragonflies, tadpoles, dragonflies, and grasshoppers) differed between the conventional cultivation, model paddy field (pesticide-saving cultivation), and biotope, but the changes differed among the taxa. Since this is the first year of the conservation agriculture initiative, there may not have been enough time to see significant effects, such as increased biodiversity. In the future, it will be useful to clarify how the biodiversity of rice paddies changes as the project progresses, to expand effective natural regeneration methods and environmental improvement for the crested ibis
Assessment of the Sighting Information of Asiatic Black Bears and Mitigation of Bear Incursions into Human Habitations in Kanazawa City, Japan
Get PDF金沢市では，クマの出没に対し市民の注意を喚起するため出没情報を公開している。2010，2012～2022年度の出没情報の特徴を分析し，出没対策を検討した。情報の内，市街地・集落内でのクマの目撃は，朝夕の人間とクマの活動が重なる時間帯に多かった。目撃された個体は体長約1m 未満が約70 ％を占め，若齢の分散個体だと考えられた。目撃確率は，春と秋には森林から離れるほど低くなった。夏には，河川から離れるほど低くなった。目撃地点は森林からの距離100m 以内が約68% を占め，それ以上離れた地点での目撃は，犀川，浅野川沿いの帯状緑地に集中した。森林や帯状緑地から100m以内での出没防止のための環境整備が必要であると考えられた。The city of Kanazawa, Japan, uses e-mail alerts to inform citizens of bear sightings and incursions into inhabited areas. Here, we summarize our analysis of the information contained in these alerts issued in the 2010, 2012 - 2020 fiscal years and discuss potential strategies to reduce bear incursions. Bear sightings in urban areas and villages were concentrated in the mornings and evenings, when the activities of humans and bears were most likely to overlap. About 70% of bears sighted were less than 1 m in body length, suggesting that they may be young, dispersing individuals. A generalized linear model (GLM) showed that the probability of sightings decreased with distance from forests in spring and autumn, and with distance from rivers in summer. About 68% of sightings occurred within 100 m of forests, while more distant sightings were concentrated in the greenbelts along the Sai and Asano rivers. It is not feasible to control the natural dispersion of young bears. Instead, creating open spaces to increase bear wariness and removing any bear attractants within 100 m of forests and greenbelts may help to mitigate the risk of incursion
The Effect of Wearing Japanese-style Sandals in Daily Life on Posture and Gait of Citizen Runners
Get PDF市民マラソンの人気が高いが，身体に負担のかからない“正しい走り”を身につけるには，日頃の履物や歩きにも注意する必要があろう。本研究は，健康的に走ってもらうための知見を得るため，市民ランナーを対象に草履サンダルを日常生活に導入し，姿勢や歩容にどのような影響を及ぼすのか明らかにすることを目的とした。市民ランナー男女40 名を対象にアンケート調査を行った後，足圧分布測定を行うとともに歩行分析を行った。約3 ヶ月間，草履サンダルを日常生活で着用した結果，前足荷重が高まり，歩きの歩幅が伸び，歩行速度が高まることが示唆された。日常での草履サンダル着用は，ランナーの姿勢や歩容を改善する上で有効であることがわかった。Citizen marathons are becoming increasingly popular, but to learn how to run properly without placing stress on the body, it is important to pay attention to the footwear worn in daily life. The purpose of this study was to gain knowledge on healthy running by introducing Japanese-style sandals (zori) into the daily lives of citizen runners, and to clarify their effects on posture and gait. A questionnaire survey of 40 male and female citizen runners was conducted, followed by foot pressure distribution measurements and gait analysis. The results suggest that wearing zori sandals in daily life for approximately three months increases forefoot loading, stride length, and walking speed. Wearing zori sandals in daily life was found to be effective in improving the posture and gait of runners
The molecular mechanisms of iron uptake and translocation in plants Understanding and application of plant strategies to low iron environments
Get PDF植物は，必須微量元素である鉄を吸収・体内輸送するための分子メカニズムを備えており，これに関わる遺伝子の多くは鉄欠乏により発現が誘導される．本稿では，これらの因子の発現制御とその応用に関する最近の知見を紹介する．Plants possess molecular mechanisms for uptake and translocation of iron, an essential microelement. Expression of many genes involved in these mechanisms is induced under iron deficiency. Here, we introduce recent knowledge on these factors and their applications
Home Range and Feeding Habits of Raccoon Dogs Inhabiting the Ishikawa Prefectural University Campus from Late Autumn to Early Winter
Get PDF石川県立大学のキャンパス内で捕獲したタヌキのメス成獣に，発信器を装着，追跡した。2020年11月5日から12 月14 日までの行動圏は約62.6ha，住宅地が27.2%，耕作地が66.9%，耕作放棄地，空き地が5.8% を占めた。キャンパス内に設置したセンサーカメラで得られた放獣後の撮影記録の76.9% で，発信器装着個体が別の成獣1頭とともに撮影され，番いを形成していたと推測された。糞の分析からは，農作物を含む，果実，葉，昆虫，軟体動物，鳥類と多様な食物を利用したことが明らかになった。タヌキは，キャンパス外を含む広い行動圏で多様な食物を利用しながら，人間が改変した環境に順応していると推測された。An adult female raccoon dog was captured on the campus of Ishikawa Prefectural University in Nonoichi, Japan, and tracked via a radio transmitter from ovember 5 to December 14, 2020. The home range was found to extend beyond the university campus, covering a total area of approximately 62.6 ha, which consisted of 27.2% residential land, 66.9% farmland, and 5.8% abandoned farmland and vacant land. Images of raccoon dogs were captured by sensor cameras installed on campus; in these images, the female was often accompanied by another adult animal, potentially a mate. Fecal analysis revealed that the raccoon dogs used a variety of food sources, including fruits, leaves, insects, snails, birds, and agricultural crops. Thus, the raccoon dogs appear to have adapted to the human environment by using a variety of foods within their large home range
Regulating Factors of Negative Mind on Environmental Conservation Activities : Quantitative text Analysis for Coral Reef Protection
Get PDF本稿の目的は、環境保護活動へ消極的な意見を有する市民の言説を解析し、活動不参加者の実態把握を試みることである。そこで、サンゴ礁周辺の環境保護活動に対する市民の関心について、アンケートによって収集した情報を元に計量テキスト分析を行った。Web 調査から得られた 3,706 テキストをデータとして用いた分析結果として、「無条件に参加意向が高い割合はごく僅かであったが、条件次第で一部追加的な参加が期待され、さらに保護活動の内容や存在を広く周知徹底することでその裾野を広げうること」が示された。ただし、大部分は活動条件等とは無関係な個人事情によって参加動機が伴っていなかった。This study attempts to clarify the figure of non-participants in environmental protection activities by analyzing citizens' comments comments of citizens with negative attitudes. Quantitative text analysis of 3,706 sentences obtained from an online questionnaire survey analyzed was used to analyze interest in coral reef protection activity. The research found that, although only a small proportion of individuals expressed an unconditionally high intention to participate in coral reef protection, increased participation could, in part, be expected under certain conditions; moreover, participation could be expanded by widely informing the public of the existence and content of environmental protection activities. However, in most cases, motivation to participate was disturbed by personal issues unrelated to the activity conditions. However, in most cases, motivation to participate was disturbed by personal issues unrelated to the activity conditions, etc
The Lure of Similarity: Incestuous Desire in the Stories of Nick Adams
Get PDF本稿では、20 世紀のアメリカ人作家Ernest Hemingway の描く物語に複数登場する外見の似た二人組に焦点を当て、この作家のincest（近親姦1)）を想起させる関係に対する強い関心と、その表現手法の変化について考察する。まず、外見の似た二人組が様々な作品に登場する事には執筆当時の時代、文化背景の関わりも深いことをふまえつつ、その描写には親密な異性のきょうだい関係のニュアンスが重ね合わされ、その親密さは近親姦的ニュアンスを含む事を提示する。次に、この作家による実際の異性のきょうだい関係の描写に着目し、その極めて慎重な描写からHemingway 作品に一貫して流れる近親姦的欲望に対する強い抑圧を指摘する。最後に、Hemingway がそのキャリアを通じて描き続けたNick Adams 物語群を執筆年代に注意しながら考察することで、この作家が近親姦を想起させる関係の扱い方に葛藤しながら、晩年の未完成作品草稿「最後の良き故郷」に向けて、この関係をそれまでの三人称的視点から見る姿勢からついに主人公の主観的視点から描くに至ったのではないかと主張する。This study first focuses on Hemingway's interest in incestuous relationships from his depictions of similar-looking pairs. Then,by examining several intimate brothers and sisters in his works the protagonists' strong suppression of incestuous desire is suggested Finally,by reconsidering the stories of Nick Adams from the aspect of compositional periods,it is suggested that Hemingway results in the internalization of incestuous desire in his unfinished manuscripts of The Last Good Country