Ishikawa Prefectural University Academic Information Repository / 石川県立大学学術情報リポジトリ
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Gender Image Accepted and Internalized by University Students
Get PDF本稿の目的は、若者を通して再生産されるジェンダー・イメージを明らかにすることにある。大学生は、幼少期から親しんだ文化やメディアの中で表象されている古層としての性役割やジェンダー・イメージを内在化している傾向にある。ジェンダー論受講生を対象として、彼らが受容し、内在化する文化・情報を明らかにするための調査を行った。関心がある情報、他者受容の着眼点、内在化する価値観、ライフ・コース認識、家庭領域への認識という点から分析した結果、主流のジェンダー・イメージによる無意識の行動規制、男性と女性に対する異なった価値基準の適用が、男子学生、女子学生の両者に見受けられた。また、女子学生は、男性を他者として認識すると同時にその他者性を内在化しようと試みる。しかし、内在化した他者性が女性のライフ・コースの中で統合されないために、脱主流イメージと主流への回帰という両義的な立場に置かれることが明らかになった。The purpose of this paper is to clarify the gender image that is reproduced through youth. The university students tend to have internalized the mainstream gender roles and gender images that have been represented in the culture and media that they have been familiar with since their childhood. A survey was conducted for the students who attended the lecture on Gender Study to clarify the culture and information they accept and internalize. Results of five questionnaire surveys were analyzed from the viewpoints of the information of their interest,criteria for accepting others,internalized values,recognition of life course,and awareness of home. The following was derived from the analysis. First,both male and female students apply different standards of value to men and women. Second,male students find qualification models such as leadership and self-establishment in the same- sex they long for. Female students try to find qualıfication models in the same sex and the opposite sex. That is,female students acknowledge men as others and at the same time try to internalize otherness. Third,both male and female students recognize that women's professionally cool life and family formation are incompatible. Finally,though female students try to de-mainstream images to internalize otherness,they tend to make choices that depend on the mainstream image when they envision a woman's post-marriage life course or when faced with a specific scene in which a woman takes leadership
Assessment of Wintering Environments for Sika Deer in the Minami-Kaga Area,Ishikawa Prefecture,Japan
Get PDF日本海側多雪地の石川県南加賀地域において，狩猟者からの生息確認地点情報をもとにニホンジカの越冬環境を調べ，Maxentによる越冬地の推定を試みた。越冬環境は，標高400m未満の南向き斜面，傾斜20度以上の丘陵・山地のスギ植林地がニホンジカにとっての好適な環境となった。Maxentによる推定生息地も，これらの条件に合致する範囲が示され，積雪量が大きい内陸山間地では，河川沿いが好適な越冬地として示された。河川沿いの越冬地は，狩猟者の行動の行きやすさというバイアスが反映されている面もある。越冬環境要因として重要な積雪について，Maxent からは,多積雪年は越冬場所が密で範囲が限定され，逆に寡雪年は越冬場所の密度も疎で範囲が広くなる可能性が示された。In the Southern-Kaga area of Ishikawa Prefecture,the region with heavy snowfall on the Sea of Japan coast,we investigated the wintering environment of Sika deer based on their habitat information points from hunters. We attempted to estimate their wintering habitats using Maxent. As a result,we found that cedar plantations on south-facing slopes less than 400 m above sea level and on hills and mountains with slopes of 20 degrees or more are suitable habitats for Sika deer. Maxent analysis also indicated the estimated habitats similar to these conditions,and in inland mountainous areas with heavy snowfall,the estimated habitats along rivers were also indicated. The latter point is also because Sika deer estimated habitats reflect the accessibility of the hunter’s activities and,we need to be examined. Regarding snow cover,an important wintering habitat factor,Maxent analysis indicated that in years with an extensive snow cover,the estimated habitats are dense and their range is limited. In contrast,the estimated habitats are sparse and extensive in years with a small snow cover
Iron recognition and expressional regulation of iron-related genes in plants ~ toward production of iron deficiency-tolerant and high mineral nutrition rice ~
Get PDF鉄の吸収・輸送に関わる遺伝子の発現は鉄欠乏条件で誘導される．本稿では，生物による鉄の吸収と認識，植物の鉄センサー分子の候補，イネの鉄欠乏応答制御，鉄欠乏耐性・高ミネラル栄養イネの作出に関する知見を整理して紹介する
Prediction of the Habitat Distribution of the Endangered Salamander (Hynobius takedai) in Ishikawa Prefecture,Japan
Get PDF石川県に生息する絶滅危惧種ホクリクサンショウオの保全のため、1980 ～ 1990 年代の分布データから生息環境の特徴を解析し、現在の生息地から MaxEnt モデルを用いて生息適地の予測を行った。過去の生息地データから、本種は同属のクロサンショウウオやヒダサンショウウオ、そして別属のハコネサンショウウオに比べて低標高、緩勾配、年降水量が少なく、年平均気温が高く、そして積雪深（3 月）が少ない地域を好む傾向があった。ロジスティック回帰分析から、重要な生息環境要因として、最大傾斜、森林率、水田率、年降水量そして 3 月積雪深が選択された。この結果を元に MaxEnt モデルにより現在の生息適地を推定したところ、能登半島、特に羽咋市から中能登町にかけての丘陵地帯、七尾湾沿岸、そして加賀市の海岸地帯が抽出された。今後、里山と密接に結びついた生態的性質を持つ本種の保全のため、これらの地域の里山環境の保全と維持を行うことが重要となる。
Here,we aimed to predict the habitat distribution of an endangered salamander,Hynobius takedai ,in Ishikawa Prefecture,by building GIS and MaxEnt models using habitat data from the 1980s and 1990s. Compared with two congeners (H.nigrescens and H. kimurae ) and Onchodactylus japonicus ,the historical distribution of H. takedai was associated with lower elevation,more gentle slopes lower annual rainfall,higher annual accumulated temperature,anshallow springsnow depts. H. takedai showed a preference for areas with a lower proportion of forest and higher proportion of rice paddies. H. takedai appeared to prefer swampy sites near villages in rural regions,i.e.,satoyama landscapes. In logistic regression analysis,maximum slope,proportion of forest area,annual precipitation,March snow depth,and proportion of rice paddy area were important factors for predicting H. takedai occurrence. Based on these factors,we determined the amount of potential habitat available to this species in Ishikawa using a Max nt model,and found that highly suitable areas were distributed in the Noto Peninsula,especially in central Noto,and in hilly areas from Hakui to Nanao,montaneareas at the foot of Houdatsu Shimizu-cho,and the coastal area around Kaga. The distance from oak-dominated stands and March snow depth were particularly important predictor variables. Preservation of H. takedai will likely depend on the preservation of satoyama landscapes,wherein humans and nature coexist.Here, we aimed to predict the habitat distribution of an endangered salamander, Hynobius takedai , in Ishikawa Prefecture, by building GIS and MaxEnt models using habitat data from the 1980s and 1990s. Compared with two congeners (H. onigrescens and H. kimurae ) and Onchodactylus japonicus , the historical distribution of H. takedai was associated with lower elevation, more gentle slopes, lower annual rainfall, higher annual accumulated temperature, and shallow spring snow depths. H. takedai showed a preference for areas with a lower proportion of forest and higher proportion of rice paddies. H. takedai appeared to prefer swampy sites near villages in rural regions, i.e., satoyama landscapes. In logistic regression analysis, maximum slope, proportion of forest area, annual precipitation, March snow depth, and proportion of rice paddy area were important factors for predicting H. takedai occurrence. Based on these factors, we determined the amount of potential habitat available to this species in Ishikawa using a MaxEnt model, and found that highly suitable areas were distributed in the Noto Peninsula, especially in central Noto, and in hilly areas from Hakui to Nanao, montane areas at the foot of Houdatsu Shimizu-ch, and the coastal area around Kaga. The distance from oak-dominated stands and March snow depth were particularly important predictor variables. Preservation of H. takedai will likely depend on the preservation of satoyama landscapes, wherein humans and nature coexist
Genetic Population Structure of Masu Salmon Oncorhyunchus masou masou in Ishikawa Prefecture:Effects of Artificial Stocking Fish
Get PDF石川県に生息するサクラマスの野生集団および県内で飼育される種苗集団に対して、マイクロサテライト10遺伝子座を用いて遺伝的集団構造の把握を試みた。石川県内の8水系10河川集団から採集した野生サクラマス145個体と県内の漁業関係機関等から提供してもらった4系統群の人工種苗サクラマス20個体をそれぞれ遺伝子解析に供した。その結果、調査した野生サクラマスの各集団は遺伝的多様性が高く保持されていることがわかった。また帰属性解析の結果から、野生サクラマス集団は3つの遺伝的クラスターに分けられた。このうち2つのクラスターは加賀地方と能登地方に由来する地理的なクラスターであったが、残り1つのクラスターは人工種苗の放流によって人為的に作られたクラスターであることが示唆された。このことから、石川県の野生サクラマス集団は過去に人工種苗放流による遺伝的撹乱を受けた可能性があると考えられた。The genetic population structure of Masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou masou) was investigated by using 10 microsatellite loci among a total of 165 fish representing 10 populations collected from Ishikawa prefecture and 4 populations for artificial stocking from the fisheries experiment station of Ishikawa prefecture in 2015. As a result, expected heterozygosity showed that 8 of 10 populations of Masu salmon have high genetic diversity (He: 0.709 - 0.880). An assignment test revealed that Masu salmon populations were divided into 3 genetically distinct groups: the Noto region, Kaga-region, and artificial stocked groups. The cluster analysis demonstrated a hierarchical structure in the Noto region cluster, suggesting that the release of artificial stocking fish artificially created the cluster. Therefore, it is considered that the wild Masu salmon population in Ishikawa Prefecture may have been genetically disturbed by the release of artificial stocking fishes in the past
Consideration on the Ethnicity and Multicultural Education in the Czech Republic : Focusing on Basic School Curriculum
Get PDFチェコにおける多様なエスニシティ，旧社会主義体制のエスニックマイノリティへの影響，社会学および学校教育におけるエスニシティへの関心の萌芽，基礎学校における多文化教育の動向について論じた。偏見や教育アウトカム等，エスニックマイノリティの教育問題は社会主義の隔離政策に端を発している。ロマとベトナム移民を例として，エスニックマイノリティのチェコ社会への統合と学校教育の問題を明らかにした。2005 年から2023年にかけての基礎学校フレームワークでは，横断的領域「多文化教育」における多様性・寛容・協働への価値育成，マイノリティにとっての第二言語としてのチェコ語の導入等，欧米の多文化教育に類する内容と方法を構築する方向性が認められる。The ethnic diversity in the Czech Republic, the impact of the former socialist system on ethnic minorities, the budding interest in ethnicity in sociology and school education, and the trends in multicultural education in basic schools are discussed. The educational problems of ethnic minorities, such as prejudice and educational outcomes, have originated in the socialist segregation policies. Considering Roma and Vietnamese immigrants as examples, the problems of their integration into Czech society and their schooling are clarified. The frameworks for basic schools from 2005 to 2023 have developed content and methods that are approximately equal to Western multicultural education, such as cultivating values of diversity, tolerance, and collaboration in the cross-curricular area of multicultural education and introducing Czech as a second language for minorities
Characteristics of Deep-seated Landslide and Debris-flow Prevention Function of Cedar Forest -Learnings from Hirose Landslide,Ishikawa Prefecture,Japan-
Get PDFIn May 2021,a large-scale deep-seated landslide occurred in Hirose-town,Hakusan City,Ishikawa Prefecture in Japan. The landslide extended to an area of 1.1 hectares with a 22m deep scouring head scarp,producing approximately 86000m3 sediment. The collapsed debris flowed about 475m distance downstream,destroying the planted Cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) forest on the slope,then outspread and ultimately deposited on the alluvial terraces downstream. The landslide removed an estimated 540 Cedar trees,each with an average height of 23.3 meters. At the deposition area,it was observed that the drifted trees accumulated to create a retention dam-like structure of 8m in height which obstructed huge sediment material behind it. The leading edge of the debris flow was almost captured within the tree line,and the gap of this outflow with the rice paddy field below was approximately 25m. This study concluded that the massive debris flow that would have otherwise reached the paddy fields was prevented by two factors: (a) the mature Cedar forest,which developed a resistive force that halted the energy of the debris flow,and (b) a natural retention dam-like structure formed by driftwood obstructed along the standing trees,which trapped numerous debris. Therefore,the findings of this research will enhance our understanding of the preventive functions of trees against debris flow in hillslopes.2021年5月石川県白山市広瀬町で大規模な深層崩壊が発生した。そこでLiDARデータ，現地測量データおよびドローンを用い，深層崩壊の実態を解析した。その結果，崩壊源の深さは約22m，崩壊面積は約11,000m2，生産土砂量は約86,000m3であった。崩壊斜面周辺には線状凹地とリニアメントが発達しており，地下水位が上昇するのに時間を要したため，先行降雨から78 時間後に崩壊が発生したと考えられた。崩壊土砂は流下する過程で土石流となり斜面上のスギ林を破壊しながら約475m流下した後，沖積錐上に拡散堆積した。土石流の末端では流木が約8mの厚さでダムアップし，背後に多量の土砂を貯留して停止していた。土石流の流出が抑制された要因として，スギ人工林の引き倒し抵抗モーメントによる減勢と流木ダムによる貯留効果が考えられた
Trend Analysis of Tourists under COVID-19 Epidemic Using Human-flow Big Data in Ishikawa Prefecture
Get PDF2020 年春の新型コロナウイルス（COVID-19）感染拡大により，全国で観光需要が消滅した。2022 年現在，回復傾向にはあるが，その傾向は地域や施設によって異なっているかもしれない。そこで観光業が主要産業である石川県において，都市的施設や郊外の里山里海，自然を感じる施設等について，人流データによる分析を行い，観光需要の回復度に違いがあるかを調べた。本研究の結果，感染拡大直後の2020年5月中の県内観光地への訪問者数は県内，県外ともに激減した。2021 年5 月には回復傾向が見られたものの，特に石川県外からの訪問者数は2019年比で半分程度までしか回復しなかった。一方で海辺の観光施設は，新型コロナウイルス流行下においても訪問者数の減少が少ないか，逆に増加しており，人々が行き先をシフトした可能性がみえてきた。The tourism demand disappeared nationwide due to the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in the spring of 2020,and as of 2022,there is a recovery trend. However this trend may differ by region and facility. In Ishikawa Prefecture,where tourism is a major industry,we analyzed human flow data for urban facilities,suburban mountain villages and seaside villages,and facilities with a sense of nature to determine whether there are differences in the degree of recovery in tourism demand. This study showed that the number of visitors to tourist attractions in the prefecture dropped sharply both in and out of the prefecture during May 2020,immediately after the spread of the infection. Although a recovery trend was observed in May 2021,visitors,especially from outside Ishikawa Prefecture,recovered to only about half of the 2019 level. On the other hand,the number of visitors to seaside tourist facilities either decreased little or,conversely,increased,suggesting that people may have shifted their destinations
An Analysis of Effects of Household Taste on the Outsourcing of Meal Preparation
Get PDF本稿は、近年の食生活の外部化について、家計の嗜好の効果を、世帯主年齢階級間での差異に留意して分析することを課題とした。そのため、世帯主年齢階級別の支出データを用い、2000 ～2018年を対象に食料需要体系分析を行った。分析の結果、以下の点が明らかになった。2000～2012年では、すべての世帯主年齢階級で、内食材料需要の減少、主食的調理食品需要と外食需要の増加をもたらす方向に家計の嗜好の効果がみられた。また、他の調理食品では世帯主年齢階級によって嗜好の効果の向きが異なっていた。2013～2018年では、すべての世帯主年齢階級で主食的調理食品需要の増加、45～54歳を除く世帯主年齢階級で他の調理食品需要の増加、45～54歳と54～64歳で内食材料需要の減少をそれぞれもたらす方向に家計の嗜好の効果がみられた。The purpose of this paper was to analyze the effects of household taste on the recent outsourcing of meal preparation in Japan in consideration of differences among age groups of a householder. A food demand system was estimated using household food expenditure data by age group of the household head from 2000 to 2018. The results of this analysis include as follows. In the 2000-12 period, household tastes of all the age groups had effects negatively on demand for foodstuff for home cooking, and positively on demand for cooked food with rice, bread, or noodles and the demand for eating out, while the effect of household tastes on the demand for other cooked food was in a different direction by householder's age group. In the 2013-18 period, the effect of household tastes brought an increase of the demand for cooked food with rice, bread, or noodles in all the age groups, an increase of the demand for other cooked food in all the age groups except the 45-54-year-old group, and a decrease of the demand for foodstuff for home cooking in the 45-54-year-old and the 55-64-year old groups
The U.S. Agricultural Policy Stance toward WTO Domestic Subsidies Rule : Examining from the U.S. WTO Notification on Domestic Supports (2009 to 2018)
Get PDFWTO(1995 年発足)体制下において各国は農家所得補てん目的の様々な国内助成を行っているが、国内助成は WTO 農業協定(Agreement on Agriculture)や WTO 補助金及び相殺措置に関する協定(Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures)などの WTO 規定によって制約される。本稿は直近10年間の米国のWTO 通知の中身を助成の根拠となっている米国農業法との関連で検討し、WTO 規定に対する米国農政の基本姿勢・認識を浮き彫りにするもので、1米国の国内助成の内容・性格を WTO ルールの観点から解説・検討すること、2米国 WTO 通知が WTO 規定に則って適正に作成されたのかを検証すること、3市場歪曲的な助成の抑制を目指す WTO 規定に対する米国の基本姿勢・認識を確認することに焦点を当てる。Under the WTO system, member countries provide various domestic subsidies to supplement farmers' income, but the domestic subsidies are regulated by such WTO regulations as the Agreement on Agriculture and the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures. This paper examines the contents of the US WTO notification for the last 10 years in relation to the US Farm Bills, which is the basis of the US domestic support, and highlights the essential attitude & awareness of the US regarding WTO regulations. Particular focus is put on 1 explaining and examining the U.S. domestic support in terms of WTO regulations, 2 verifying whether the US WTO notification was prepared correctly according to the WTO regulations, 3 identifying the U.S. attitude & stance toward the WTO rules aiming to suppress market-distorting subsidies