Ishikawa Prefectural University Academic Information Repository / 石川県立大学学術情報リポジトリ
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Effects of Wearing Japanese-style Sandals in Daily Life in Competitive Athletes Based on a Gait Comparison Using Slide Sandals and Crocs Sandals
Get PDF競技選手にとって足趾力は重要であるが，近年では様々な競技において浮き趾の選手が増えている。本研究は鼻緒のある草履サンダルの着用が，競技選手の立位時の足圧分布にどのような影響を及ぼすのか検証するとともに，他の履物との歩容の違いを検討した。1年5ヶ月間，寮生活に草履サンダルを導入した結果，足圧分布が変化し，足圧中心の前方変位が認められた。草履歩行はシャワーサンダルや樹脂製サンダル歩行に比べ，前脛骨筋および腓腹筋の筋活動量が大きく歩幅が伸び，推進力も高まることが示唆された。日常での草履サンダル着用は競技選手の浮き趾や足圧分布（重心位置）を改善する上で有効であることがわかった。Recently,the number of athletes with floating toes has increased in various sports. This study clarified the influences of wearing Japanese-style sandals (zori) on the position of the center of foot pressure (CFP) in female competitive athletes and the differences in gait with other footwear. The position of CFP was measured before and after 17 months with a plantar pressure measurement device. The findings in our study indicate that zori can help improve foot function by adjusting the pressure pattern. Walking in zori sandals resulted in greater muscle activity in the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles than in slide sandals or crocs sandals. Wearing zori was suggested to increase stride length and propulsive force. In conclusion,wearing zori in daily life improved floating toes and foot pressure distribution (center of gravity position) in competitive athletes
An Effective Teaching Method of Jump Rope Exercise for Elementary School Children : The Use of Speed Jump by Basic Bounce for Learning Double-unders
Get PDF本研究は児童を対象に、二重跳び最高記録を調査するとともに、前跳びによる 30 秒間および 10 秒間スピード跳びを測定し、両者の関係を検証するとともに、二重跳び習得に向けた明確な指標を提示することを目的とした。対象は 1 年から 6 年の小学生 1022 人(男子 538 人、女児 484 人)だった。二重跳びが 1 回以上跳べる児童は 1 年では 19.7% であったが、3 年で88.8%、6 年では 93.7% となっていた。5、6 年生でも 6% の児童が 1 回も跳べないことがわかった。二重跳びと 30 秒間スピード跳びとの間に中程度(r=0.45)の、10 秒間スピード跳びとの間に低い相関(r=0.37)が認められた。二重跳びのレベル別にスピード跳びの記録を比較した。その結果、30 秒間で 70 回以上跳ぶことができれば、二重跳びを 1 回跳べることが示唆された。二重跳びの練習方法の一つとしてスピード跳びが有効であることがわかった。The purpose of this study was to investigate the double-unders record of children and measure the speed jump by basic bounce for 30 seconds and 10 seconds, to examine the relationship between the double-unders and speed jump, and to provide a precise understanding index for learning double-unders. The subjects were 1,022 elementary school children (538 boys and 484 girls) from 1st to 6th grade. The percentage of children who could jump at least one double-under was 19.7% in the first grade, 88.8% in the third grade, and 93.7% in the sixth grade. No gender differences were found in 30-second and 10-second speed jumps, but grade differences were found. In both cases, the middle grades had excellent records. A low correlation of r-0.37 (p<0.05) was found between the double-unders and the 10-second speed jump, and a moderate correlation of r-0.45 (p<0.05) was found between the double-unders and the 30 second speed jump. As a result of comparing 30-second and 10-second speed jumps for each level of double-unders record, it was found that if one can jump more than 70 times in 30 seconds, they are capable of doing double-unders. Therefore, it was concluded that this teaching method's speed jump effectively improves the skill of double-unders for elementary school children
A Study of the Processes by which Childhood Experiences of Capturing Small Animals
Get PDF福井県勝山市民を対象に行ったアンケート調査結果を利用し、子ども時代の動物捕獲経験が、成人後の自然に対する価値観や態度にどのように影響を及ぼすかを主に構造方程式モデリングの手法を使って解析した。潜在変数として、子ども時代の「自然遊びの充実度」、原風景形成に伴う「風景的感性」、多くの人が生得的に持っていると思われる「普遍的感性」、そして成人後の自然観や価値観を示す「自然親和的価値観」を設定した。これらの潜在変数の観測変数としては、アンケート結果から、捕獲種数、自身の体験を子どもに話す意欲、原風景の有無、赤とんぼが群れ飛ぶ光景を見ての感想、赤とんぼが多いことの評価、赤とんぼが多く出る田んぼの米の購買意欲などを使用した。解析の結果、子ども時代の自然遊びの充実度は、自然親和的価値観に直接的な影響を与えていないが、風景的感性の育成およびそれの普遍的感性への影響を通じて間接的に大きな影響を与えていることが明らかになった。Using the results of a questionnaire survey of Katsuyama residents in Fukui Prefecture,we analyzed the effects of childhood experiences of capturing creatures in nature on their affinities toward nature in adulthood,mainly by using structural equation modeling techniques. The latent variables were defined as "fulfillment of play" in childhood,"unique sensibility" associated with the formation of the "primal scene",scenes which were kept in mind in childhood and they become supporting the lives in adulthood,"universal sensibility" which is thought to be innate to many people,and "nature values" which represent their affinities and actions for nature in adulthood. Observational variables for these latent variables included the species number of animal captured,willingness to talking for children about their own childhood experiences,recall the primal scene,impressions of the scenery of red dragonflies flying in flocks,evaluation of the richness of red dragonflies,and willingness to purchase rice produced in paddies where many red dragonflies were emerging. The results of the analysis revealed that childhood enrichment of nature play did not have a direct impact on the value of nature. It did have a significant indirect impact by developing a unique sensibility and its influence on universal sensibilities
The Restructuring of Direct Payment System in Korea and its Problems
Get PDF韓国では 2020 年、農政の根幹であったコメ直接支払い制度が全面改編され、「固定型支払いによる所得支持」「公益機能の強化」を標榜する公益直接支払いに生まれ変わった。本稿はコメ直接支払い制度の 16 年間とコメ農政の混迷を振り返えりつつ、新しく発足した公益直接支払いの構造検討を通して、直接支払い制度再編の背景と狙いを確認し、公益直接支払いの意義と課題を明らかにするもので、構造政策への逆行、過度な「緑」へのシフト、米価下落への対応手段の欠落を公益直接支払いの問題点として指摘した。In 2020,the Rice Direct Payment system,which had been the backbone of agricultural support policy in Korea since 2004,was completely restructured and reborn as a Public Benefit Direct Payment System that advocates "income support by fixed direct payment" and "strengthening the public benefit function of agriculture." The purposes of this paper are to look back on the Rice Direct Payment system and the confusion of Korea rice policy,to highlight the background & aim of the direct payment system restructuring through examining the newly established structure & mechanism of Public Benefit Direct Payment System and to make clear the significance and challenges of the new system. In conclusion,its conflict to agricultural structure policy,excessive shift to Green,and lack of means for addressing the sharp decline in rice price are pointed out as the new direct payment system's problems
Comparisons of Acid Value and Fatty Acid Composition in Pelletized Rice Bran by Using Liquid Waste from Fu Production with Those in Raw Rice Bran
Get PDF生米ぬかは、オレイン酸を多く含むため、それを黒毛和種肥育牛に給与することで、牛肉の食味向上を図ることができる。しかし、酸化され易いので保存性に劣る。そこで、生米ぬかに麩の製造過程で発生する排液（以下、「排液」と略す。）を添加してペレット化することで保存性の向上を目指した。市販生米ぬかと水または排液を重量比で 1：1 または 1：0.5 の割合で混合、成形後に乾燥して作成したペレットおよび生米ぬかを屋内で 12 週間保管して、酸価ならびに粗脂肪含有率とオレイン酸含有率を測定した。また、ペレットの横断面を電界放射形走査電子顕微鏡で観察した。その結果、排液添加ペレットは水添加ペレットと生米ぬかに比べて、粗脂肪含有率とオレイン酸含有率に差はなく、米ぬかが排液成分でコーティングされて、保管中の酸価が低かった。これにより、排液添加米ぬかペレットは生米ぬかよりも保存性の高い飼料としてウシに給与できることが示唆された。Rice bran can be fed to fattening cattle to improve beef quality because it is high in oleic acid. However,raw rice bran is difficult to be preserved due to its easily oxidizable nature. Experiments were conducted to compare acid value and fatty acid composition of pelletized rice bran by using liquid waste from fu production (liquid waste) with those in raw rice bran. The mixture of rice bran and water or liquid waste at a ratio of 1:1 or 1:0.5 by weight were pelletized and dried to make four kinds of pellet diet. Raw rice bran and the four kinds of pellet diet were placed indoors for 12 weeks,and their acid value,crude fat and oleic acid contents were measured over time. The cross-sections of the pellet diets were also observed by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The crude fat and oleic acid contents in the water added pellet (WAP) and the liquid waste added pellet (LWAP) were not different from those in raw rice bran. The FESEM observation revealed that the liquid waste components coated rice bran particles in LWAP,which resulted in a lower acid value of the LWAP than those of WAP and the raw rice bran. It was suggested that LWAP could be fed to fattening cattle as the feed,which had higher preserve quality than raw rice bran and was as effective as raw rice bran to improve beef quality
Effects of Childhood Play Experiences in Nature on Affinity toward Nature and Interest in and Attachment to Local Communities in Adulthood
Get PDF子ども時代の自然の中での遊びが成人後の自然親和的価値観に及ぼす影響を石川県の15カ所の農村住民へのアンケート調査により解析した。その結果、子ども時代の動物捕獲体験は、生きものへの親近感のみならず、地域への関心や愛着心も高めることが明らかになった。自然の中の遊びにおいて涵養された、場所依存的で個人的な履歴を反映した「風景的感性」が価値観の形成に寄与した結果と推察された。今回の結果を踏まえて、地域社会の長期的な存続のためには、子どもたちが遊ぶことができる生物多様性の高い自然を地域の中に保全することが必要であり、それを実現するためには農業農村整備事業の環境配慮における合意形成の場に、地域住民が自分たちの子ども時代を振り返る機会を設けることが有効であると指摘した。We conducted a questionnaire survey of residents of 15 rural villages in Ishikawa Prefecture to analyze the influence of playing in nature during childhood on their affinity toward nature as adults. As a result, it was found that the experience of capturing animals in childhood increased not only the affinity for living things but also the interest in and attachment to the local community in adulthood. This was inferred to be the result of the "unique sensibility," which reflects a place dependent and personal history cultivated through play in nature, contributed to the values formation. Based on the results of this study, we noted that for the survival of local communities, it is necessary to preserve nature with high biodiversity in the community where children can experience rich nature play. In order to achieve this, we also suggested that it would be effective to provide opportunities for residents recall their childhood in the consensus-building process for environmental considerations in agricultural and rural development projects
Relationship between Subjective Adjustment and Life Career Awareness in First-year Undergraduate Student
Get PDF本研究では、2020年度と2021年度の各前期終了時に、A大学に在籍する1年生を対象に、大学適応感とライフキャリアに対する意識に関する調査を行った、最初に、2年間の学生の傾向を検討したところ、適応感およびキャリア意識には両年度で違いは認められず、男性よりも女性の方が、適応感が高い傾向が示された。そのうえで、適応感とキャリア意識との関連を検討したところ、居心地の良さ感や目標に向けての充実感、周囲からの信頼感といった肯定的な適応感の側面が、キャリア意識の各側面と関連していることが明らかとなった。なかでも、キャリア意識の重要な側面と考えられる将来に向けた展望や設計、意思決定スキルを有する程度では、適応感の側面のうち、学生生活に居心地の良さを感じているだけでは不十分であり、自身の課題や目的を明確に有し、周囲との信頼関係を築いていることが、重要な基盤となっている可能性が示された。This study examined the relationship between subjective adjustment and life career awareness at the end of the first semester. The data were collected over two years on first-year university students. Consequently, the subjective adjustment was higher in women than in men, regardless of admission year. However, abilities and attitudes of life career were not different between gender and admission year. Further, a relationship was found between subjective adjustment, which was constituted by aspects such as "feeling of coziness," "sense of fulfillment (clarity of issue and objectives), "feeling of being trusted and acceptance" were related to each aspect of abilities and attitude of a life career. In particular, confidence and acceptance from the learning community and a sense of fulfillment were essential for developing abilities and attitudes of life career, especially for having a vision and design for future life and decision-making skills. These results were discussed in terms of student support
Home of American Brothers: From Toni Morrison's Home and Ernest Hemingway's "The Last Good Country"
Get PDF本稿は、Toni Morrison の小説Homeと Ernest Hemingway の未完作品 “The Last Good Country” 二作品における米国人兄妹の逃亡に着目し、二人のアメリカ人作家の「ホーム」に対する視点や表現手法の重なりと差異について考察する。まず、Hemingway の描く、ゆくゆく第一次世界大戦に参加する事になるアメリカ人青年と、Morrison の描くアフリカ系アメリカ人の朝鮮戦争からの帰還兵に関する背景や描写に注目し、ホームに対する兵士たちの相反感情がある人種、ある時代のみの問題には収まりきらないアメリカ的現象である可能性を指摘する。次にこの二作の主人公たちのアイデンティティが「兄である状態」を土台に形成されているとともに、彼らがその土台を保持し続けられるかどうかは、妹からの近親姦の誘惑により常に試されている事を明らかにする。更に、Hemingway の描くホームと Morrison の描くホームとの差異について、その表現手法を比較対照する。This study focuses on the American brother and sister's escapes, which appear in Toni Morrison's novel Home (2012) and Ernest Hemingway's unfinished work published posthumously as "The Last Good Country." Firstly, considering the two protagonists of each work, both of whom are (going to be) returned servicemen, it is suggested that their ambivalent feelings toward "home" could be one of the typical American properties. Next, not only that the two protagonists' identities are formed because they are elder brothers of female siblings, but also that their status as such is constantly tested from the temptation of incestuous desire for their sisters is pointed out. Finally, Hemingway's description of home and Morrison's are comparatively analyzed from the close examination of each text
The Process of Transformation of the Female Image in Socialist Czechoslovakia
Get PDF社会主義はジェンダーを克服し、女性の解放を導いたのか。本稿では、旧チェコスロバキアにおける労働者としての女性像の変容に着目し、社会主義期の女性解放の本質を検証した。社会主義は、伝統的な家制度を解体して女性の雇用を促進させたが、その施策のすべてが女性解放ではなく、健全な社会主義国家建設を意図していたため、働く女性の増加に伴い少子傾向が顕在化すると、施策は女性解放から後退し、結婚、家族、子育てこそが社会主義の課題であると社会主義の本質を再解釈した。女性像は、社会主義初期のイメージである国営農場に働く生産労働者から変容した。社会主義後期における女性像は、労働力の主力であるブルーカラーと相反する。すなわち、家事・育児を担い、男性においては評価されない優美さを持ち合わせ、男性の職業領域を犯すことがない労働者、前社会主義的な女性像であり、男性にとっての好ましい他者であることが明らかになった。Did socialism overcome gender and lead to women's liberation? This paper examines the nature of women's liberation during the socialist period in Czechoslovakia, focusing on transforming of the female image as workers. Socialism dismantled the traditional family system and promoted women's employment, but not all of its measures were intended to liberate women but rather to build a healthy and robust socialist state. When the trend toward fewer children became apparent with the increase in the number of working women, legal reforms retreated from women's liberation. The socialism was reinterpreted as marriage, family, and child-rearing became an essential task.
An analysis of the female image as represented in the media in the late socialist period, focusing on the female image as represented in the national celebration called Spartakiáda, reveals the following points. First, the female image was transformed from blue-collar workers on state farms in early socialism. The ideal woman was a worker who fulfilled her housework, childbirth, and childcare duties, who had a gracefulness that was not valued by men, who valued strength. In addition, they were white-collar workers in intellectual and other occupations, workers who did not violate the male domain. The ideal female image can be described as "the second sex" who did not have anything in common with the male image
Evaluation of Effects of Buffer Belts Created to Prevent the Invasion of Wild Animals: A Case Study of Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan
Get PDF野生動物の住宅地，農地への侵入を防止する方法の一つとして，住宅地，農地と森林の境界を帯状に伐採し見通しをよくする緩衝帯整備がある。その効果を改善するため，石川県金沢市の4 箇所で整備された緩衝帯の実態を把握，効果を検証した。緩衝帯とその背後の森林に設置した自動撮影カメラで，15種類の哺乳類が撮影された。3箇所では緩衝帯で撮影された種数，撮影イベント数は森林内より少なく，背後の森林で行動している動物は緩衝帯に侵入しにくいと考えられたが，1箇所では，緩衝帯で撮影された種数，撮影イベント数は森林内とほぼ同じであった。緩衝帯の侵入防止効果は，その形状，立地など諸条件により変化すると考えられた。さらに多くの事例に基づいた検討が必要である。One countermeasure to prevent the invasion of residential areas and farmlands by harmful animals is to create buffer belts, open areas at the boundaries between residential areas/farmlands and forests that improve visibility by cutting down trees and shrubs. We evaluated the effects of buffer belts created at four locations in Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. Fifteen medium- and largemammal species were photographed by sensor cameras installed in both the buffer belts and forests behind them. There were far fewer species and photographed events in the three buffer belts than in the forest, suggesting that wild animals in the forest did not freely invade the buffer belts. At one location, however, the numbers in the buffer belt were almost equivalent to those in the forest. The effects of buffer belts appeared to vary according to their shapes and the geography of the locations. More cases should be examined to obtain conclusive results