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Proximate Analysis of Rice Husk Waste Briquettes and Dried Leaves as Alternative Fuel
Full text linkOne of the uses of rice husk waste is to make it into fuel, not only to replace firewood as fuel for cooking in the household but also to grill various types of food tailored to its application. Then, to optimize rice husk into fuel, it needs to be compacted or densified into charcoal briquettes, because with a good densification process, the calorific value of rice husk can be higher than before it is compacted. Densification of biomass or other solid fuels can increase the energy density, making it more efficient as an energy source. In this study, an experimental analysis process was carried out to optimize the briquette-making process so that it could improve combustion efficiency and quality according to Indonesia standards. The results showed that the addition of dry leaf charcoal to make briquettes of a mixture of rice husks and leaves significantly, with a value of F = 0.0346, can increase the calorific value of briquettes according to Indonesian Standards. For proximate test values of water content and volatile content, significant values of 0.039 and 0.012 were obtained, respectively, so these results show the effect of adding dry leaves and reducing the percentage of husk charcoal significantly. While other test results, namely the value of ash content and bound carbon, did not have a significant effect both when adding leaf charcoal and reducing husk charcoal with a significance value of 0.21 and 0.054, respectively, this is because husk charcoal has silica, which can increase ash content, and the physical structure of the two materials is less dense
Pembuatan Alat Hydraulic Hot Press sebagai Teknologi Tepat Guna dalam Pencetakan Totebag dari Lembaran Pelepah Pinang
Full text linkThe purpose of this study is to describe the process and results of developing a Hydraulic Hot Press machine for molding areca palm sheath sheets into tote bags. Areca palm sheaths were selected as the sample material due to their abundance as organic waste in Sambas Regency, which has not yet been utilized in waste processing. This research was conducted through five stages: literature review, tool design, preparation of tools and materials, fabrication, and testing. The development process of the Hydraulic Hot Press included determining the dimensions, constructing the frame, assembling the heating system, and conducting functional tests. The press was designed with dimensions of 100 cm in length, 60 cm in width, and 130 cm in height. It was equipped with a heating system powered by an LPG gas cylinder as the main energy source, with heat delivered through a piping system to the main pressing point. The results indicated that when the steel base plate of the press was subjected to hydraulic pressure and direct heating, thermal expansion occurred, causing slight bending of the steel foundation. This condition led to less-than-optimal molding results of the areca palm sheath sheets into tote bags
Perancangan Sistem Smart Grid Dinamis Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) untuk Optimasi Distribusi Beban Listrik
Full text linkThe rapid increase in electricity demand, driven by population growth and industrialization, leads to imbalances in load distribution in conventional power systems. Traditional grids, designed for one-way energy flow, are unable to respond to real-time load fluctuations, resulting in outages and reduced operational efficiency. This research aims to design a dynamic IoT-based smart grid system for optimizing electricity load distribution efficiently. The methodology involves the development of an integrated system architecture with sensors to measure voltage, current, and frequency, along with an IoT-based load management algorithm to automatically regulate energy flow. Testing results show that the PZEM-004t and ACS712 sensors provide highly accurate readings with minimal deviation compared to conventional measurement tools. Additionally, the integration of solar panels (PLTS) in the system showed increased utilization of renewable energy, although PLN still dominated. The findings indicate that an IoT-based smart grid can optimize load distribution and improve energy efficiency by reducing reliance on conventional electricity while supporting the use of renewable energ
Fungsi DPR dalam Sistem Checks and Balances: Pendekatan Sosiologi Hukum Emile Durkheim
Full text linkThe article outlines the role of the People’s Consultative Assembly (DPR) in the Indonesian system of checks and balances using an approach based on Émile Durkheim\u27s sociology of law. The DPR has three primary functions: legislation, budgetary affairs, and oversight. An extensive analysis of official documents such as the 1945 State Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD 1945) along with academic literature related to the roles of the DPR and theories of checks and balances demonstrates how crucially important the DPR is in safeguarding democracy and preventing abuse of power. Despite challenges like politicized budgets and a lack of transparency, appropriate reforms and increased public participation can enhance the DPR\u27s role as a controlling agency over executive branches. Therefore, this article emphasizes the importance of maintaining the functioning of the checks and balances system in managing state finances to ensure stability and social solidarity among citizens
Optimalisasi Perlindungan Hak Tersangka dalam Proses Penangkapan: Studi Perbandingan Praktik Hukum Pidana Indonesia dan Negara ASEAN
Full text linkThe protection of suspects\u27 rights during the arrest process is a crucial indicator of the quality of the criminal justice system, where the principle of the presumption of innocence demands mechanisms that prevent arbitrariness. This article analyzes the legal regulations in Indonesia through the 1945 Constitution, the Criminal Procedure Code, and the Human Rights Law, which provide a strong normative basis such as the right to information, legal aid, humane treatment, and family notification, although their implementation is hampered by delays in legal access, warrantless arrests, and allegations of violence, as noted in the 2023 National Human Rights Commission (Komnas HAM) Report. Through a juridical normative approach and comparative studies with ASEAN countries (Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, and Vietnam), the main points are similarities in legal processes under the ICCPR and the 2012 AHRD, but significant differences in judicial oversight (strict detention hearings in Malaysia and Singapore vs. ex post facto pretrial hearings in Indonesia) and access to legal aid. Best practices such as 24/7 lawyers, video-recorded interrogations, and data transparency are recommended for contextual adaptation for optimization. The conclusion clearly demonstrates the need for reforms that include strengthening judicial oversight and monitoring, contributing to the ASEAN regional rule of law, with suggestions for future empirical research on the impact of technology on human rights violations.
Perlindungan hak tersangka dalam proses penangkapan merupakan indikator krusial kualitas sistem pidana pidana, di mana prinsip praduga tidak bersalah menuntut mekanisme yang mencegah kesewenang-wenangan. Artikel ini menganalisis pengaturan hukum di Indonesia melalui UUD 1945, KUHAP, dan UU HAM, yang memberikan dasar normatif kuat seperti hak informasi, bantuan hukum, perlakuan manusiawi, dan pemberitahuan keluarga, meskipun implementasinya terhambat oleh keterlambatan akses hukum, penangkapan tanpa surat perintah, dan dugaan kekerasan, sebagaimana terjadi dalam Laporan Komnas HAM 2023. Melalui pendekatan normatif yuridis dan studi perbandingan dengan negara-negara ASEAN (Malaysia, Singapura, Thailand, Filipina, Vietnam), utama menunjukkan persamaan dalam proses hukum berdasarkan ICCPR dan AHRD 2012, namun perbedaan signifikan pada pengawasan judicial (sidang penahanan ketat di Malaysia-Singapura vs praperadilan ex post facto di Indonesia) serta akses bantuan hukum. Praktik terbaik seperti pengacara yang bertugas 24/7, interogasi perekaman video, dan transparansi data direkomendasikan untuk adaptasi kontekstual guna optimalisasi. Kesimpulannya jelas perlunya reformasi mencakup penguatan pengawasan dan pemantauan peradilan, yang berkontribusi pada supremasi hukum regional ASEAN, dengan saran penelitian empiris masa depan mengenai dampak teknologi pada pelanggaran ha
Pendekatan Restoratif dalam Penyelesaian Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial: Kajian Etika dan Praktik di Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial Indonesia
No full textThis article explores the integration of restorative approaches in the resolution of industrial relations disputes in Indonesia\u27s Industrial Relations Court (PHI), as an alternative to the dominant adversarial paradigm based on Law No. 2 of 2004 on Industrial Relations Dispute Resolution (P3HI), which often neglects long-term relationship restoration and burdens vulnerable workers. Through a conceptual study of Zehr\u27s restorative justice, a global comparison with Australia and New Zealand, and a Rawlsian ethical analysis, it was found that distributive and procedural dimensions enrich pacta sunt servanda in restorative mediation, protecting workers\u27 basic rights in accordance with Labor Law No. 13/2003 while encouraging employer responsibility. Empirical practices from PHI 2025 cases, such as mass layoffs in Semarang and wage cuts in Makassar, show an increase in peaceful resolutions of up to 35% and worker retention of 90%, despite structural obstacles such as a lack of judge training and a backlog of 7,540 cases in 2024 hindering implementation. Recommendations include a hybrid mediation model, amendments to Articles 3-5 of P3HI, and synergy with RKUHAP 2025 for pre-litigation “RJ Houses,” which have the potential to reduce the PHI burden by up to 30%. The conclusion affirms that this reform revitalizes PHI as a guardian of inclusive social justice, contributes theoretically to Indonesia\u27s hybrid model in Southeast Asia, and recommends gender-sensitive longitudinal studies for post-2025 recession adaptation.
Artikel ini mengeksplorasi integrasi pendekatan restoratif dalam penyelesaian perselisihan hubungan industrial di Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial (PHI) Indonesia, sebagai alternatif terhadap paradigma adversarial yang dominan berdasarkan UU P3HI Nomor 2 Tahun 2004, yang sering kali mengabaikan pemulihan hubungan jangka panjang dan membebani pekerja rentan. Melalui kajian konseptual restorative justice ala Zehr, perbandingan global dengan Australia dan Selandia Baru, serta analisis etika Rawlsian, ditemukan bahwa dimensi distributif dan prosedural memperkaya pacta sunt servanda dalam mediasi restoratif, melindungi hak dasar pekerja sesuai UU Ketenagakerjaan No. 13/2003 sambil mendorong tanggung jawab pengusaha. Praktik empiris dari kasus PHI 2025, seperti PHK massal di Semarang dan pemotongan upah di Makassar, menunjukkan peningkatan resolusi damai hingga 35% dan retensi pekerja 90%, meskipun hambatan struktural seperti kurangnya pelatihan hakim dan backlog 7.540 kasus pada 2024 menghambat implementasi. Rekomendasi mencakup model mediasi hybrid, amandemen Pasal 3-5 P3HI, dan sinergi dengan RKUHAP 2025 untuk "Rumah RJ" pre-litigasi, yang potensial mengurangi beban PHI hingga 30%. Kesimpulan menegaskan bahwa reformasi ini merevitalisasi PHI sebagai penjaga keadilan sosial inklusif, berkontribusi teoritis bagi model hybrid Indonesia di Asia Tenggara, dan merekomendasikan studi longitudinal gender-sensitif untuk adaptasi pasca-resesi 2025
Analisis Penerapan Manajemen Strategi Pada Klinik Pratama An-Nisa Medika
Full text linkThis study examines the application of strategic management at Anisa Medika Main Clinic. The study aims to examine the strategic management process, identify internal and external elements, and measure strategic effectiveness with the goal of improving the quality of health services. The researcher uses a qualitative descriptive methodology that includes in-depth interviews with five selected informants (managers, administrative staff, pharmacists, operational staff, and medical personnel), participatory observation, and analysis of internal documents. The data analysis method used is the Miles & Huberman method, employing source-based triangulation and methods to ensure credibility. The results of this study indicate that the institution implements a comprehensive strategy based on an Islamic perspective, leading to full accreditation. However, digital shortcomings require WO (infrastructure improvement) and ST (group differentiation) approaches. The WO strategy is recommended for promotional expansion, while the ST strategy is suggested for system innovation. These results enrich the bibliography on health management and indicate that the integration of Ihsan values strengthens patient engagement despite competition
Analisis Pengaruh Promosi dan Harga terhadap Minat Beli Konsumen di Minimarket Gading Mas
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the effect of promotions and prices on consumer purchasing interest in Gading Mas Minimarket. The sample in this study amounted to 74 people, using accidental sampling technique, which is a technique for determining samples by chance. The method of data collection in this study is by giving questionnaires to customers at Gading Mas Minimarket. This study uses a descriptive analysis method through quantitative analysis and measurement of the variables studied using a Likert scale using SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Science) version 20 statistical software. The results of the analysis show that promotion and price variables (independent variables) have a significant effect on purchasing interest (dependent variable), both partially and simultaneously
IDENTIFICATION OF KOREAN HANGUL LETTERS IN HANDWRITTEN IMAGES USING THE K-NEAREST NEIGHBORS METHOD
No full textGinger plant is one of the rhizome plants that turns out to have properties and benefits for health, especially to increase immunity. However, many people do not know and it is difficult to distinguish the type of rhizome plant. This type of rhizome plant can be identified based on the characteristics seen from its color and texture. Therefore, an appropriate method is needed to determine the quality of ginger based on the color and texture to be studied, namely by using image processing technology which is expected to be able to improve the quality of ginger.In this research stage, the first to collect references, input data, pre-processing, design, texture and color, testing, KNN, KNN testing, analysis, is completed, is a process to determine the stage to determine the quality value of ginger based on color and texture using RGB and GLCM.Based on the results of research that has been done, namely fresh red ginger, with RGB values, Red 237,878 - 235,713, Green 234,745 - 232,193 and Blue 233,627 - 230,808. Withered red ginger, Red 247,029 – 245,232, Green 245,319 – 243,878, and Blue 244,243,878. fresh white ginger, valued at Red 242,836 – 234,169, Green 237.03 – 223,701, and Blue 232,418 – 215,035. White ginger withered, Red 243,604 – 235,871, Green 238,617-227,344, and Blue 234,307 – 219,862. As for the GLCM feature value obtained from 40 ginger testing data images, it is 97.5%
Kepercayaan Diri dengan Minat Berwirausaha pada Generasi Z di Kelurahan Kadipaten Kota Yogyakarta
Full text linkEntrepreneurial interest in Generation Z plays an important role in efforts to reduce unemployment rates and drive economic growth through the creation of self-employment opportunities. This study aims to empirically prove the relationship between self-confidence and entrepreneurial interest among Generation Z in Kadipaten Village, Yogyakarta City. The sample in this study consisted of 136 Generation Z individuals, selected using probability sampling with stratified cluster random sampling techniques, from a total population of 272 Generation Z individuals. Data was collected using the Entrepreneurial Interest Scale and the Self-Confidence Scale. The data analysis technique used was Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis. The results of the study show a positive and significant relationship between self-confidence and entrepreneurial interest among Generation Z in Kadipaten Village, Yogyakarta City, with a correlation coefficient of 0,482 (p<0,01).