AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services: E-books (Aarhus University)
Not a member yet
440 research outputs found
Sort by
Open Access Monitor - DK (OAM-DK): Indsamling, dokumentation og administration af publiceringsudgifter til Open Access i Danmark
Get PDFIn a changing landscape of new Open Access modes, Denmark has adopted a so-called green Open Access strategy, according to which publications must be kept largely free of charge and publications must be archived in institutional repositories.Even so, Danish universities spend significant financial resources on Open Access publishing. Substantial fees are being paid to publish via the golden route in Open Access journals, but also in subscription-based journals via the hybrid model. The latter is especially interesting considering the practice of double-dipping, where universities not only pay for the right-to-read (via the national e-license portfolios) but also for the right-to-publish (via publication fees).This raises the question of the scale of resources being spent on Open Access publishing by Danish universities. This DEFF project follows similar efforts in the UK, Sweden, Norway, Germany and the Netherlands, monitoring how much is being spent on gold and hybrid publishing by Danish universities. The approach has been to identify the publishing ecology of Open Access and derived financial costs. Since it is difficult to gather invoice data, an economic model has been developed to estimate the total cost of publication at Danish universities.Results show that both gold and hybrid publishing practices and expenses related to Open Access publishing in the Danish universities are increasing substantially and that monitoring efforts are required.An executive summary with ten results and recommendations has been produced and is available here: https://zenodo.org/record/1544953.Read more about the project: https://bit.ly/oam-d
Etik i ældreplejen
Get PDFBogen er tænkt som et nyttigt redskab på SOSU-uddannelserne, hvor den etiske dimension bør være en større del af pensum. Et centralt spørgsmål kunne i denne forbindelse være: Er det muligt gennem uddannelse at tillære sig en etisk måde at gå til pleje- og omsorgsarbejdet på? Intentionen er, at bogen her gerne skulle slå fast, at det ved hjælp af ganske enkle justeringer er muligt. Bogen kan desuden med fordel læses af det allerede uddannede personale inden for social- og sundhedsområdet.Etik og moral i ældreplejen er derudover et vigtigt emne at bringe til torvs i den politiske debat. Når politikere udtaler sig om ældreområdet (oftest i forbindelse med folketings- og kommunalvalg) høres ofte en ensidig tale om, hvor tit de ældre bør få hjælp til at komme i bad, hvor lidt rengøring man kan slippe af sted med og ikke mindst, hvordan der kan tjekkes op på, om personalet nu også overholder tiderne. I relation til det stigende dokumentationskrav bliver der desværre ikke lagt op til at registrere og dermed kontrollere, hvorvidt der bliver leveret anstændighed og kærlig omsorg. Formålet med denne bog er derfor også at slå et slag for at sætte etik og moral i ældreplejen på den politiske dagsorden. Bogen skulle således også være oplagt at læse for politikere og alle andre, der gerne vil have et indblik i, hvad der også er virkeligheden i det danske velfærdssamfund
Retningsbestemmelse af isfremstød i Danmark ud fra analyser af fingrus
Get PDFPå Institut for Geoscience, Aarhus Universitet arbejder forskere, laboranter og studerende med specialiserede metoder indenfor geovidenskaberne. Der forskes bl.a. i sedimenter der kommer fra den danske undergrund og er dannet under de seneste istider eller mellemistider. Heriblandt benyttes en speciel type aflejringer (till) til at kortlægge isens udbredelse i Kvartærtiden ud fra indholdet af fingrus
The 15th International CDIO Conference: Proceedings – Full Papers
Get PDFThe 15th international CDIO conference was held at Aarhus University from 25 June 2019 to 27 June 2019 with activities on 24 and 28 June. The main theme of the 15th International CDIO Conference was CHANGE in Engineering Education.
The conference programme included:
Keynotes
General presentations
Working groups
Workshops
Round tables
Social events
CDIO Academy (A CDIO experience for students)The 15th international CDIO conference was held at Aarhus University from 25 June 2019 to 27 June 2019 with activities on 24 and 28 June. The main theme of the 15th International CDIO Conference was CHANGE in Engineering Education.
The conference programme included:
Keynotes
General presentations
Working groups
Workshops
Round tables
Social events
CDIO Academy (A CDIO experience for students
public class Graphic_Design implements Code { // Yes, but how? }: An investigation towards bespoke Creative Coding programming courses in graphic design education
Get PDFSituated in the intersection of graphic design, computer science, and pedagogy, this dissertation investigates how programming is taught within graphic design education. The research adds to the understanding of the process, practice, and challenges associated with introducing an audience of visually inclined practitioners—who are often guided by instinct—to the formal and unforgiving world of syntax, algorithms, and logic. Motivating the research is a personal desire to contribute towards the development of bespoke contextualized syllabi specifically designed to accommodate how graphic designers learn, understand, and use programming as an integral skill in their vocational practice.The initial literature review identifies a gap needing to be filled to increase both practical and theoretical knowledge within the interdisciplinary field of computational graphic design. This gap concerns a lack of solid, empirically based epistemological frameworks for teaching programming to non-programmers in a visual context, partly caused by a dichotomy in traditional pedagogical practices associated with teaching programming and graphic design, respectively. Based on this gap, the overarching research question posed in this dissertation is: “How should programming ideally be taught to graphic designers to account for how they learn and how they intend to integrate programming into their vocational practice?”A mixed methods approach using both quantitative and qualitative analyses is taken to answer the research questions. The three papers comprising the dissertation are all built on individual hypotheses that are subsequently used to define three specific research questions.Paper 1 performs a quantitative mapping of contemporary, introductory programming courses taught in design schools to establish a broader understanding of their structure and content. The paper concludes that most courses are planned to favor programming concepts rather than graphic design concepts. The paper’s finding can serve as a point of departure for a critical discussion among researchers and educators regarding the integration of programming in graphic design education.Paper 2 quantitatively assesses how the learning style profile of graphic design students compares with that of students in technical disciplines. The paper identifies a number of significant differences that call for a variety of pedagogic and didactic strategies to be employed by educators to effectively teach programming to graphic designers. Based on the results, specific recommendations are given.Paper 3 proposes a hands-on, experiential pedagogic method specifically designed to introduce graphic design students to programming. The method relies on pre-existing commercial graphic design specimens to contextualize programming into a domain familiar to graphic designers. The method was tested on the target audience and observations on its use are reported. Qualitative evaluation of student feedback suggests the method is effective and well-received. Additionally, twenty-four heuristics that elaborate and extend the paper’s findings by interweaving other relevant and influential sources encountered during the research project are provided.
Together, the literature review, the three papers, and the heuristics provide comprehensive and valuable theoretical and practical insights to both researchers and educators, regarding key aspects related to introducing programming as a creative practice in graphic design education
Control of Residential Space Heating for Demand Response Using Grey-box Models
Get PDFCertain advanced control schemes are capable of making a part of the thermostatic loads of space heating in buildings flexible, thereby enabling buildings to engage in so-called demand response. It has been suggested that this flexible consumption may be a valuable asset in future energy systems where conventional fossil fuel-based energy production have been partially replaced by intermittent energy production from renewable energy sources. Model predictive control (MPC) is a control scheme that relies on a model of the building to predict the future impact on the temperature conditions in the building of both control decisions (space heating) and phenomena outside the influence of the control scheme (e.g. weather conditions). MPC has become one of the most frequently used control schemes in studies investigating the potential for engaging buildings in demand response. While research has indicated MPC to have many useful applications in buildings, several challenges still inhibit its adoption in practice. A significant challenge related to MPC implementation lies in obtaining the required model of the building, which is often derived from measurements of the temperature and heating consumption. Furthermore, studies have indicated that, although demand response in buildings could contribute to the task of balancing supply and demand, suitable tariff structures that incentivize consumers to engage in DR are lacking. The main goal of this work is to contribute with research that addresses these issues. This thesis is divided into two parts.The first part of the thesis explores ways of simplifying the task of obtaining the building model that is required for implementation of MPC. Studies that explore practical ways of obtaining the measurement data needed for model identification are presented together with a study evaluating the suitedness of different low-order model structures that are suited for control-purposes.The second part of the thesis presents research on the potential of utilizing buildings for demand response. First, two studies explore and evaluate suitable incentive mechanisms for demand response by implementing an MPC scheme in a multi-apartment building block. These studies evaluate two proposed incentive mechanisms as well as the impact of building characteristics and MPC scheme implementation. Finally, a methodology for bottom-up modelling of entire urban areas is presented, and proved capable of predicting the aggregated energy demand of urban areas. The models resulting from the methodology are then applied in an analysis on demand response
Failure of Composite Materials by Kink Band Formation
Get PDFFibre-reinforced composites and layered materials have a heterogeneous composition of two or more constituents and have anisotropic material behaviour. This heterogeneous structure enables numerous failure mechanisms. One of the dominant compressive failure mechanisms of the latter composites is composed of so-called kink bands. These are bands of material where the fibres inside the band have rotated relative to the fibres outside.
This dissertation mainly concerns the examination of kink band formation in fibre composites and layered materials using several different methodologies. Five publications on the latter topic have arisen based on the work done in this project. The four introductory chapters in the dissertation are devoted to explanations and elaborations of the methods used and developed during the project. Several finite element models are developed specifically to examine either the peak strength of the composite or the post-buckling kink band behaviour. Two novel constitutive formulations are developed that can be used in a general framework to investigate the elastic-plastic behaviour of composites, including the study of kink bands.
The following results and conclusions are drawn from the project results. Compressive kinking strength is affected by:• Fibre-misalignments• Insufficient fibre-to-matrix bonding• Matrix yield strength• Multi-axial loadingThe stress at steady-state kink band broadening can be seen as the lower bound of the compressive strength and is lowered by:• Increasing band inclinations to a certain limit• Decreasing matrix Poisson’s ratio• Decreasing maximum tangent modulus of the matrixAs part of my visit to the Department of Engineering at the University of Cambridge, contributions are made to the field of joint mechanics, particular regarding composites made from ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. The latter study is a secondary focus of this dissertation. The research questions, problems, methodologies, results and conclusions appear in an attached article
Mechanics and Failure of Structured Interfaces
Get PDFThis dissertation concerns heterogeneous, structured interfaces\u27 mechanics and failure, in particular the load response, critical fracture energy and crack kinetics. During the project eight manuscripts have been prepared and submitted to scientific journals. Five of these are included here forming the main body of the dissertation. The topics of these include development and test of a new nano-adhesive based on polymer brushes to bond rubber and metal, a novel peel test specimen comprising a heterogeneous geometry, consequences of zones of weak adhesion, bridging of a support carrier in the bondline, and, macro- and micromechanical behavior of pillar-structured interfaces. Analytical modeling and numerical simulations backed up by experimental testing were used to study these, among others
Strategies in Single-Digit Addition: Patterns and Perspectives
Get PDFThis dissertation addresses Danish students’ use and development of mental strategies in single-digit addition in the first years of school and relates it to teaching practices, later mathematical achievement and teachers’ perspectives on teaching and learning of number and arithmetic.
The work builds on data from a study of 147 students’ development of strategy use from year one to four, and a study of six year one classes (83 students, six teachers) assessed twice (October/November, April/May) in year one. The latter study also included data from teacher interviews, classroom observations, and students’ achievement in arithmetic, fraction knowledge and word problem solving in year four.
From year one to year four, students’ use of counting strategies decreased, and their use of fact-based strategies increased, but with substantial individual variation. On average boys, were two years ahead of girls in strategy use development. Strategy use patterns varied little between classes and did not develop differently across classes in year one. It follows that differences in teaching practice did not result in any traceable differences in the pace of development of strategy use during year one. Measures of strategy use in year one explained variation in mathematical achievement in year four that could not be explained by other year-one variables, achievement test measures included.
The results indicate that habits of strategy use are deeply rooted within the individual child and seem to establish either before or at the outset of formal schooling, after which it develops slowly over time. The results highlight the relevance of students’ early understanding of number and arithmetic (i.e. strategy use) both as indicators of later achievement and as a focus for intervention and targeted teaching to support student development in all cases
Bruk av kvalitative case-studier i evalueringer av barnevernsprogrammer
Get PDFThis thesis, titled "Use of qualitative case studies in evaluations of child welfare programs", was submitted autumn 2018 for the PhD degree at the Danish Institute for Education and Education (DPU), Faculty of Arts, Aarhus University. The purpose of this dissertation is to conduct an analysis of previous evaluations, thereby developing insight and understanding of how minor case studies can contribute to the understanding and development of knowledge within the field of child welfare. After completing many evaluations in public sector, the purpose of this dissertation has been to analyze how these evaluations of programs have contributed to the development and renewal of a field of expertise. In order not to narrow the scope of the study, I have chosen to specifically explore programs in the field of childcare that I also previously have evaluated.This is the overall objective of the dissertation: What use do qualitative case studies have in the evaluation of child welfare programs? In order to refine and clarify the topic, I have come up with three research questions. • What knowledge can evaluations gathered through case studies generate about child welfare programs? • What empirical, political and social practices appear in case studies? • Can evaluations based on case studies help to develop services in the field of child welfare? The starting point of this dissertation is to find out more about the use of case studies in evaluations and the knowledge they emerge. An evaluation consists of empirical, political and social practices where the evaluator gathers and interprets data that are used in the interpretation and evaluations of a program. A relevant question is how case studies can be used to develop service provision in the child welfare field.To answer the research questions I analyzed two evaluations that used case design. In order to create a personal distance to the data material, I constructed an analytical model and used intervention theory in the retrospective analysis. First, the evaluations were analyzed individually, and then a cross-case analysis was conducted to understand the relationship between intervention, evaluations and user effects. The two programs evaluated were different, one having a "top-down" approach to social improvement within the child welfare field, while the other program had a bottom-up strategy for change and development. Common to the evaluations was that a program theory was used to systematically focus on some key points and provide a detailed description of what has been achieved, how it has happened, and why. It was important to gain knowledge of the process that led to user effects in the programs. The two examples of case studies showed that the type of interventions had impact on the evaluation. How change occurred affected the role of the evaluator, but also the actual evaluation process and development of knowledge. In case one, the evaluation consisted of a study of a decision-making method that “was traveling”, and was attempted translated into local practice, and the question was to what extent do ideas “work” in the local child welfare services? A form of best practice was implemented in a Norwegian context to improve practice, and the evaluation assignment was to determine if the change led to the prescribed results. Fidelity and application were at the heart of this evaluation, in addition to the view that knowledge is something that can be identified. In the second evaluation, there was a completely different and practical approach to a program in a residential childcare institution. The evaluation focused on practice with the purpose of making interpretative assessments of the value of human actions that took place in the institution, i.e. in a particular social, historical, and cultural context. In other words, knowledge was linked to social, historical, and cultural situations that occur when the users, the staff, the evaluators and the external stakeholders interact, what can be referred to as situational and co-learning.A case design provides the opportunity to understand why and how programs work, at both the micro and the meso level, but it is difficult to transfer this knowledge to the community level. Evaluations based on this case design offers opportunities to provide feedback that can be used both to understand what a program succeed with, and what not being achieved, something that can contribute on how to deal with interventions in the field of child welfare in a new and more constructive manner. Retrospective evaluations represent a source of understanding and learning from programs that have been implemented, and can also be used prospectively