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The Middle Voice in Polish: An Attempt at Rehabilitation
Get PDFPolish verb forms occurring with (what was originally) the pronominal clitic się constitute a notoriously heterogeneous group of constructions ranging from reflexive proper (widzi się ‘sees herself/himself ’) to impersonal (mówi się ‘they say’). This article deals with middle-voice reflexives, which cover the semantic domain extending between reflexives proper and passives. The Polish types of middle-voice reflexives are first situated on a semantic map reflecting a cross-linguistic analysis based mainly on Slavonic, Baltic and Germanic data. Then an analysis of the different types is given in terms of argument structure. We argue that most of the Polish middle-voice reflexives do not differ from the non-reflexive forms in argument structure but only in the assignment of grammatical relations. They are also characterized by construction-specific semantic modifications (more marked than in the case of the passive). As they are arguably not in the lexicon, a good case can be made for their treatment in terms of grammatical voice. At the same time these constructions are distinct from the passive: both middle-voice and passive constructions are agent-back-grounding devices, but they represent different types of backgrounding
Professor Edmund Gussmann (27.01.1945 – 2.09.2010)
No full textProfessor Edmund Gussmann, an eminent Polish linguist, associated with the universities of Lublin, Gdańsk and Poznań, died in Gdynia on 2nd September 2010
„O nadawaniu imion umarłym”. Rozmowa z Robertem Schindelem i Jackiem Burasem
No full text„O nadawaniu imion umarłym”. Rozmowa z Robertem Schindelem i Jackiem Burase
Bremen’s and Hamburg’s port position: Transport infrastructure and hinterland connections within the North Range
Get PDFThe quality and efficiency of the northern German ports’ hinterland connections define their competitive potential. The assessment of gross domestic product achieved within a certain travel period via rail, road, inland waterways and intermodal freight transport provides a major indicator for the competitive positioning of the northern German ports. To measure this potential, we use simple travel time matrices for different modes of transport. The achievable purchasing power of the hinterland territories is thereby a prime determinant of port competitiveness. The European Union’s Trans-European Transports Network programme (TEN-T) may advance Hamburg and Bremen/Bremerhaven ports’ competitive situation by improving their hinterland accessibility, removing cross-border bottlenecks and upgrading infrastructure and streamline transport operations throughout the EU
Przeciwdziałanie mobbingowi w organizacji na przykładzie wybranych krajów Unii Europejskiej – uwarunkowania prawne
Get PDFPreventing bullying in the organisation in selected countries of the European Union – legal considerationsIn broadly understood global economy, where human capital is the most important link in any organisation, workplace bullying has become an increasing problem in both the developed and the developing countries, as well as in Poland. Emphasised in the literature is the fact that bullying in its early stages can be recognised the fastest in the countries with a high level of organisational culture. In other countries, however, it is only noticeable when it takes a radical form. This is mainly due to the perception of this phenomenon from a legal perspective. In those countries where the concept came to legislation earlier, the reaction to bullying is quicker. Since the issue of bullying in the organisation has a multifaceted character, this publication refers to the aspects arising from the law of a given country. At the beginning of these considerations, the causal process of bullying has been described, starting with its definition and brief characterisation. The global dimension of this phenomenon is presented with the scale of its occurrence in selected countries of the European Union. The article presents the legal regulations concerning the methods of dealing with psychological harassment, and, in particular, the analysis of organisational and legal solutions within organisations. Its main aim is to find an answer to the following question: How should the problem of bullying in Polish companies be solved? Attempting to answer this question, the author takes into account the experiences of other Member States and the views of the representatives of various scientific disciplines regarding the prevention or the understanding of the mobbing problem. The article reviews Polish and foreign source literature, thereby deepening the knowledge on human resource management by psychological harassment
Recent American Legislation Responding to the Loss of Cultural Heritage
No full textThe United States Congress is considering adding new legislation to its current scheme regulating Cultural Property. The proposed law, the Protect and Preserve Cultural Property Act, would create a new Coordinator and Committee and charge them with harmonizing the cultural heritage policing efforts of the United States. These changes do not alter American law in a fundamental way, but rather mark instead the subtle move towards a dedicated group tasked with enforcing, educating, and evaluating this body of cultural property law and policy in the United States
Wywiad: Sztuka jest ryzykiem dla inwestora i dla artysty. Z profesorem Krzysztofem Pomianem, historykiem kolekcjonerstwa, rozmawia Janusz Miliszkiewicz
No full textWywiad: Sztuka jest ryzykiem dla inwestora i dla artysty. Z profesorem Krzysztofem Pomianem, historykiem kolekcjonerstwa, rozmawia Janusz Miliszkiewic
Scales as a Symbol of Metaphysical Judgement – from Misterium Tremendum to Misterium Fascinosum. The Analysis of Selected Works of Netherlandish Masters of Painting
Get PDFThe aim of this article is to analyze the motif of scales in Netherlandish art from the 15th to the 17th century. The motif of scales was present in art from earliest times, but its role and function differed in various historical epochs – antique, the middle ages, and the modern age. The core part of the article is devoted to the symbolic relationship between scales and different aspects of justice. The first painting taken into consideration is Rogier van der Weyden’s Last Judgment (approx. 1445 to 1450), and the last one – Jan Vermeer’s Woman Holding a Balance (approx. 1662-1663). The article attempts to answer some crucial questions. What were the meanings attributed to scales during the two centuries examined? How did these meanings evolve, and was the interpretation of the symbol influenced by the ethos characteristic for particular periods and geographical spaces, as well as transient fashions, religious and political changes? The article presents paintings selected during the query into Netherlandish art, along with a discussion on their content and information about their creators. It analyzes the symbol of scales in the context of images created by the masters of Netherlandish painting and offers a synthesis of the observed changes in the perception of scales as a symbol during the period discussed
Using tools based on Web 2.0 technology to implement the knowledge and skills in logistics on the market economy – a case study
No full textThe authors present the concept of using Web 2.0 technology to develop the knowledge and skills of logistics staff. Today's situation on the global markets requires companies to gain skills to be used with short-term opportunities. Short-term opportunities necessitates that information and knowledge are available on a "just-in-time" basis. The internet gives such a possibility. An additional functionality of the Internet is the ability to edit the content by users. Tools functioning as Web 2.0 give the possibility not only to retrieve information but also to create it. An innovative web-based platform giving a community of people interested in logistics, not only general knowledge but also information from specific case studies. This is really important in the context of the challenges faced by logistics companies functioning in a market economy. Knowledge learned from web-based platforms can be regarded as "outsourcing" of training and consultancy. The main advantage of a web-based platform is the full availability and possibility to choose the content tailored to current needs. Gaining open platform skills may be in the future build a competitive advantage for companies which use it